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Geriatrics

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Geriatrics

 This elderly woman in a residential care home is

receiving a birthday cake.

Signifcant

diseasesementia, !rthritis, "alliative

care, #steoporosis,

#steoarthritis, $heumatoid

!rthritis, "arkinson%s isease,

!therosclerosis, &eart isease,

&igh 'lood "ressure, &igh

(holesterol.

Specialist Geriatrician

Geriatrics or geriatric medicine[1] is a specialty that focuses on health care of elderly people.[2] It

aims to promote health  by preventing and treating diseases and disabilities in older adults. There is no

set age at which patients may be under the care of a geriatrician or geriatric physician, a physicianwho specializes in the care of elderly people. ather, this decision is determined by the individual

 patient!s needs, and the availability of a specialist.

"eriatrics, the care of aged people, differs from gerontology which is the study of the aging process

itself. The term geriatrics comes from the "ree#  $%&'( geron meaning )old man), and *+&- iatros 

meaning )healer). /owever, geriatrics is sometimes called medical gerontology.

(ontents

 )hide*

• + cope 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palliative_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palliative_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoporosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Blood_Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Cholesterolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Cholesterolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elderly_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elderly_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disabilitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Older_adultshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Older_adultshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerontologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Scopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palliative_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palliative_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoporosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Blood_Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Cholesterolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Cholesterolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elderly_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disabilitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Older_adultshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerontologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Scopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#mw-head

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o +.+ i-erences between adult and geriatric medicine

o +. /ncreased comple0ity

o +.1 Geriatric giants

o +.2 "ractical concerns

• ubspecialties and related services 

o .+ 3edical

o . urgical

o .1 #ther geriatrics subspecialties

• 1 &istory

• 2 Geriatrician training 

o 2.+ 4nited tates of !merica

o 2. 4nited 5ingdom

o 2.1 (anada

• 6 3inimum geriatric competencies

• 7 $esearch 

o 7.+ &ospital 8lder 9ife "rogram

o 7. "harmacology

• 8thical and medico;legal issues

• < ee also

• = $eferences

• +> 'ibliography

• ++ Further reading

• + 80ternal links

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Differences_between_adult_and_geriatric_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Increased_complexityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Geriatric_giantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Practical_concernshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Subspecialties_and_related_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Medicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Surgicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Other_geriatrics_subspecialtieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Geriatrician_traininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#United_States_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Minimum_geriatric_competencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Researchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Hospital_Elder_Life_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Ethical_and_medico-legal_issueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Bibliographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Differences_between_adult_and_geriatric_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Increased_complexityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Geriatric_giantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Practical_concernshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Subspecialties_and_related_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Medicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Surgicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Other_geriatrics_subspecialtieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Geriatrician_traininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#United_States_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Minimum_geriatric_competencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Researchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Hospital_Elder_Life_Programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Ethical_and_medico-legal_issueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Bibliographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#External_links

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cope)edit*

#ld man at a nursing home in ?orway.

i-erences between adult and geriatric medicine)edit*

"eriatrics differs from standard adult medicine because it focuses on the uni0ue needs of the elderly

 person. The aged body is different physiologically from the younger adult body, and during old age,

the decline of various organ systems becomes manifest. revious health issues and lifestyle choices

 produce a different constellation of diseases and symptoms in different people. The appearance of

symptoms depends on the remaining healthy reserves in the organs. mo#ers, for e3ample, consume

their respiratory system reserve early and rapidly.[4]

"eriatricians distinguish between diseases and the effects of normal aging. 5or e3ample, renal

impairment may be a part of aging, but renal failure and urinary incontinence are not. "eriatricians

aim to treat diseases that are present and achieve healthy aging.

/ncreased comple0ity)edit*

The decline in physiological reserve in organs ma#es the elderly develop some #inds of diseases and

have more complications from mild problems 6such as dehydration from a mild gastroenteritis7.

8ultiple problems may compound9 : mild fever  in elderly persons may cause confusion, which may

lead to a fall and to a fracture of the nec# of the femur  6)bro#en hip)7.

;lderly people re0uire specific attention to medications. ;lderly people particularly are subprescribed many herbal medications and over>the>counter drugs. This polypharmacy

may increase the ris# of drug interactions or adverse drug reactions. In one study, it was found that

 prescription and nonprescription medications were commonly used together among older adults, with

nearly 1 in 2? individuals potentially at ris# for a madrug interaction.

[@]

 Arugs metabolites aree3creted mostly by the #idneys or the liver , which may be impaired in the elderly, necessitating

medication adspecific, or it may include

delirium or falls. 6neumonia, for e3ample, may present with low>grade fever  and confusion, rather

than the high fever and cough seen in younger people.7 ome elderly people may find it hard to

describe their symptoms in words, especially if the disease is causing confusion, or if they have

cognitive impairment. Aelirium in the elderly may be caused by a minor problem such as constipation

or by something as serious and life>threatening as a heart attac# . 8any of these problems are

treatable, if the root cause can be discovered.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-pmid_871704-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_incontinencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_incontinencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over-the-counter_drughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_interactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_drug_reactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-qato-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_metabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_metabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidneyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-pmid_871704-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aginghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_incontinencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehydrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over-the-counter_drughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_interactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_drug_reactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-qato-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_metabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidneyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_impairmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction

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Geriatric giants)edit*

The so>called geriatric giants are the ma the ancient Indian system of medicine has mentioned about the eight

 branches 6:shtanga :yurveda7 of :yurveda viz  Kayachi#itsa 6"eneral 8edicine7, Jalaroga

6aediatrics7, "raha chi#itsa 6treatment of diseases related to sychology7, Lrdhvanga

chi#itsa 6treatment of the diseases of the /ead and nec#, ;MT7, halya tantra 6urgery7,

Aamshtra 6treatment of poisonous stings and bites7, Jara/Rasayana (Geriatrics) andCa

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The term !"eria! is very close to the ans#rit word )Nara). asayana is defined as )asayanam

cha tat riding. Thesis III of the Canon discussed the diet suitable for old people, 

and dedicated several sections to elderly patients who become constipated.[Q][1F][11]

The famous :rabic physician, :lgizar  6circa PQP>QPF7, also wrote a special boo# on themedicine and health of the elderly.[12][14] /e also wrote a boo# on sleep disorders and another

one on forgetfulness and how to strengthen memory,[1@][1?][1R] and a treatise on causes of

mortality.[12][dead link ] :nother :rabic physician in the Qth century, Isha0 ibn /unayn 6died Q1F7,

the son of Mestorian Ghristian scholar  /unayn Ibn Isha0, wrote a Treatise on Drugs for

 Forgetfulness.[1S]

"eorge Aay published the Diseases of Advanced Life in 1P@Q, one of the first publications on

the sub

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The care of older people in the LK has been advanced by the implementation of the Mational

ervice 5ramewor#s for Elder eople, which outlines #ey areas for attention. [22]

Geriatrician training)edit*

4nited tates of !merica)edit*

In the Lnited tates, geriatricians are primary>care physicians 6A.E. or 8.A.7 who are board>

certified in either family medicine or internal medicine and who have also ac0uired the

additional training necessary to obtain the Gertificate of :dded Wualifications 6G:W7 in

geriatric medicine. "eriatricians have developed an e3panded e3pertise in the aging process,

the impact of aging on illness patterns, drug therapy in seniors, health maintenance, and

rehabilitation. They serve in a variety of roles including hospital care, long>term care, home

care, and terminal care. They are fre0uently involved in ethics consultations to represent the

uni0ue health and diseases patterns seen in seniors. The model of care practiced by

geriatricians is heavily focused on wor#ing closely with other disciplines such as nurses,

 pharmacists, therapists, and social wor#ers.

4nited 5ingdom)edit*

In the Lnited Kingdom, most geriatricians are hospital physicians, whereas some focus on

community geriatrics. Vhile originally a distinct clinical specialty, it has been integrated as a

specialisation of general medicine since the late 1QSFs.[24] 8ost geriatricians are, therefore,

accredited for both. In contrast to the Lnited tates, geriatric medicine is a macare capacity=falls, balance, gait disorders= atypical presentation of disease= palliative care= hospital care for 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary-care_physicianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians_and_Surgeons_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Care_of_the_elderlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Care_of_the_elderlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Family_Physicians_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Family_Physicians_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_American_Medical_Collegeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_American_Medical_Collegeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_A._Hartford_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_A._Hartford_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Consensus_Conference_on_Competencies_in_Geriatric_Education&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Consensus_Conference_on_Competencies_in_Geriatric_Education&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Consensus_Conference_on_Competencies_in_Geriatric_Education&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Geriatrics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Medical_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Medical_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Directors_of_Geriatric_Academic_Programs&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary-care_physicianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_pharmacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians_and_Surgeons_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Care_of_the_elderlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Care_of_the_elderlyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Family_Physicians_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Family_Physicians_of_Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_American_Medical_Collegeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_A._Hartford_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_A._Hartford_Foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geriatrics#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Consensus_Conference_on_Competencies_in_Geriatric_Education&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Consensus_Conference_on_Competencies_in_Geriatric_Education&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Geriatrics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Medical_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Directors_of_Geriatric_Academic_Programs&action=edit&redlink=1

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elders, and health care planning and promotion. ;ach content domain specifies three or more

observable, measurable competencies.

$esearch)edit*

&ospital 8lder 9ife "rogram)edit*

erhaps the most pressing issue facing geriatrics is the treatment and prevention of delirium.[citation needed ] This is a condition in which hospitalized elderly patients become confused and

disoriented when confronted with the uncertainty and confusion of a hospital stay. The health

of the patient will decline as a result of delirium and can increase the length of hospitalization

and lead to other health complications. The treatment of delirium involves #eeping the patient

mentally stimulated and oriented to reality, as well as providing specialized care in order to

ensure that herBhis needs are being met.

The /ospital ;lder Oife rogram 6/;O7 is an model of hospital care developed at the Uale

Lniversity chool of 8edicine. It is designed to prevent delirium and functional decline

among elderly individuals in the hospital inpatient setting. /;O uses a core team of

interdisciplinary staff and targeted intervention protocols to improve patients! outcomes and

to provide cost>effective care. Lni0ue to the program is the use of specially trained volunteers

who carry out the maclinical interventions.

In up to @FH of the cases, incident delirium can be prevented. To that end, /;O promotes

interventions designed to maintain cognitive and physical functioning of older adults

throughout the hospitalization, ma3imize patients! independence at discharge, assist with the

transition from hospital to home and prevent unplanned hospital readmissions. Gustomized

interventions include daily visitors= therapeutic activities to provide mental stimulation= daily

e3ercise and wal#ing assistance= sleep enhancement= nutritional support and hearing and

vision protocols.

/;O has been replicated in over R4 hospitals across the world. :lthough the ma

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admitted to s#ipping doses or cutting them in half. elf>reported noncompliance with

adherence to a medication schedule was reported by a stri#ing one>third of the participants.

5urther development of methods that might possibly help monitor and regulate dosage

administration and scheduling is an area that deserves attention.

:nother important area is the potential for improper administration and use of potentially

inappropriate medications, and the possibility of errors that could result in dangerous drug

interactions. olypharmacy is often a predictive factor 6Gannon et al., 2FFR7. esearch done

on homeBcommunity health care found that )nearly 1 of 4 medical regimens contain a

 potential medication error) 6Ghoi et al., 2FFR7.

8thical and medico;legal issues)edit*;lderly persons sometimes cannot ma#e decisions for themselves. They may have previously

 prepared a power of attorney and advance directives to provide guidance if they are unable to

understand what is happening to them, whether this is due to long>term dementia or to a

short>term, correctable problem, such as delirium from a fever.

"eriatricians must respect the patients! privacy while seeing that they receive appropriate and

necessary services. 8ore than most specialties, they must consider whether the patient has

the legal responsibility and competence to understand the facts and ma#e decisions. They

must support informed consent and resist the temptation to manipulate the patient by

withholding information, such as the dismal prognosis for a condition or the li#elihood of

recovering from surgery at home.

;lder abuse is the physical, financial, emotional, se3ual, or other type of abuse of an older

dependent. :de0uate training, services, and support can reduce the li#elihood of elder abuse,

and proper attention can often identify it. 5or elderly people who are unable to care for

themselves, geriatricians may recommend legal guardianship or conservatorship to care for

the person or the estate.

• 8nd;of;life issues E o ?ot $esuscitate @?$B orders.

• 8uthanasia.

ooooOOOOoooo

8diting Geriatrics @sectionB

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certain ter!s and conditions. 

XXX "eriatric giants XXX

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_attorneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advance_directiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_responsibilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informed_consenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_abusehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_abusehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_guardianshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_guardianshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-life_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Resuscitatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euthanasiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=4#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=4#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_addresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin/signup&campaign=anoneditwarning&returnto=Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F#Summary_of_benefitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reusing_Wikipedia_contenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_attorneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advance_directiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_responsibilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_(law)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informed_consenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elder_abusehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_guardianshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-life_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Resuscitatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euthanasiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=4#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geriatrics&action=edit&section=4#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_addresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin/signup&campaign=anoneditwarning&returnto=Geriatricshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F#Summary_of_benefitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reusing_Wikipedia_content

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The so>called !!!geriatric giants!!! are the ma

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Penderita Osteoporosis di Indonesia

i /ndonesia, sebanyak 1 persen wanita berusia 6>; tahun dan 61

persen wanita berusia >; tahun mengidap osteoporosis. $isiko wanita

mengidap osteoporosis 2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan risiko pada

pria.

3eski umumnya osteoporosis dialami oleh wanita yang telah memasuki

masa menopause, osteoporosis uga dapat memengaruhi pria, wanita

yang berusia muda, dan anak;anak. 5ekurangan kalsium diperkirakan

menadi penyebab banyak kasus osteoporosis di /ndonesia.

 Apa Saja Gejala Osteoporosis?

4mumnya tidak ada tanda;tanda teradinya osteoporosis di awal masamenurunnya kepadatan tulang. ?amun beberapa kondisi berikut dapat

menadi geala teradinya osteoporosis: sakit punggung, postur tubuh

bungkuk, menurunnya tinggi badan, lebih sering mengalami

cederakeretakan tulang.

'erkurangnya kepadatan akan membuat tulang rentan untuk retak.

5eretakan biasanya teradi pada tulang belakang, pergelangan tangan,

lengan, atau tulang pangkal paha.

http://www.alodokter.com/menopausehttp://www.alodokter.com/kalsiumhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/gejalahttp://www.alodokter.com/nyeri-punggunghttp://www.alodokter.com/menopausehttp://www.alodokter.com/kalsiumhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/gejalahttp://www.alodokter.com/nyeri-punggung

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Faktor Risiko Berkembangnya Osteoporosis

 Tulang !nda terus beregenerasi dari waktu ke waktu. /ni berarti tulang

yang telah rapuh akan terganti dengan tulang baru. aat masih kanak;

kanak, tulang kita tumbuh dan mampu memperbarui diri dengan cepat.

"ada rentang usia +7;+< tahun, tulang perlahan;lahan akan berhentitumbuh, sementara massa tulang akan terus bertambah hingga usia akhir

>;an. ?amun proses ini melambat seiring dengan pertambahan usia

manusia. ecara perlahan, kepadatan tulang akan makin berkurang dan

proses ini dimulai sekitar umur 16 tahun.

i /ndonesia, kurangnya konsumsi makanan yang mengandung kalsium

menadi penyebab utama meningkatnya umlah pengidap osteoporosis di

/ndonesia.

'erikut ini adalah beberapa faktor lain yang bisa meningkatkan risikoberkembangnya osteoporosis:

• $iwayat penyakit anggota keluarga yang mengidap osteoporosis

• ering mengonsumsi minuman keras dan merokok

• "enyakit yang menyerang kelenar yang memproduksi hormon, sepertikelenar tiroid yang terlalu aktif @hipertiroidismeB

• 3alabsorpsi @ketidakmampuan usus untuk menyerap nutrisi di dalammakananB

• "emakaian obat;obatan dalam angka panang yang memengaruhikekuatan tulang atau kadar hormon, seperti konsumsi prednisolon

Memeriksa Kepadatan Tlang Menggnakan !"#A S$an

4ntuk mendiagnosis teradinya osteoporosis, !nda perlu menalani tes

untuk memeriksa kepadatan tulang. Dual energy X-ray

absorptiometry/DEXA scan adalah pemeriksaan paling umum untuk

memperkirakan risiko keretakan tulang. "rosedur ini tidak memerlukan

banyak waktu dan tidak menyebabkan rasa sakit.

Mengrangi Risiko Terkena Osteoporosis

emua orang dapat menaga tulang mereka tetap sehat dan mengurangi

risiko mengidap osteoporosis. !nda bisa mulai dengan menerapkan pola

makan sehat disertai dengan melakukan olahraga secara teratur. 3ulailah

kurangi merokok hingga benar;benar menghindarinya dan kurangi

mengonsumsi minuman keras.

Men$ega% Keretakan Tlang

"engidap osteoporosis umumnya disarankan untuk mengonsumsi obat;obatan demi mencegah keretakan tulang. "ilihan enis pengobatan

http://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/penyebabhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/diagnosishttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pencegahanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/penyebabhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/diagnosishttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pencegahanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatan

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osteoporosis yang diberikan tergantung kepada tingkat risiko keretakan

tulang !nda. &al ini didasarkan pada seumlah data seperti hasil

pemeriksaan DEXA dan usia !nda.

'agi !nda yang telah didiagnosis mengidap osteoporosis, penting untuk

menaga diri agar tidak mengalami cedera atau mengalami keretakan

tulang. "engidap yang telah lanut usia disarankan untuk menalani

pemeriksaan penglihatan dan pendengaran secara teratur. (iptakan

rumah dan lingkungan yang aman dengan memindahkan perabot yang

membuat !nda berisiko untuk atuh, terantuk, atau terbentur.

 Jika !nda telah mengalami keretakan tulang, terdapat beberapa cara yang

dapat membantu !nda untuk pulih. 3isalnya perawatan dengan mandi air

hangat atau mengompres kantong;kantong pendingin. $elaksasi uga bisa

membantu proses pemulihan.

 Tanyakan kepada dokter tentang cara menalani hidup dengan

osteoporosis dalam angka panang. elain itu cobalah untuk bertukar

pikiran dengan konselor terlatih, psikolog, atau penderita lain

oooooOOOOOooooo.

Overview & Facts

Bearn about osteoporosis and take action against this silent disease.You may not know you have it

until your thinned, weakened bones fracture in a bump or fall.

What Is Osteoporosis?

What Is Osteoporosis?

steoporosis weakens bones and increases the risk of uneCpected fractures. ;erious conseDuences

can occur with some fractures. Eead this overview article about osteoporosis and how to keep your

bones strong.

Picture of Osteoporosis

Fant to see what a bone with osteoporosis looks like, compared to a healthy bone This link will show

you photos of normal and osteoporotic bone.

Causes

What Causes Osteoporosis?

steoporosis is the most common bone disease. It can be prevented with a healthy diet and staying

physically active. Bearn about factors that can make bones stronger or weaker.

What Causes Compression Fractures?

/ost spinal compression fractures are never diagnosed because many patients and families think the

back pain is merely a sign of aging and arthritis. These weakened bones cause the spine to collapse.

Eead more.

Are You at Ris?

http://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/what-is-osteoporosis-osteopeniahttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/picture-of-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/strong-boneshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-causeshttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/what-is-osteoporosis-osteopeniahttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/picture-of-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/strong-boneshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-causes

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Osteoporosis! Are You at Ris?

;ee what factors increase risk of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis Ris Factors! Fact vs" Fiction

Think you know all about osteoporosis 6hances are, some of the things you think you know about

osteoporosis risk factors may be wrong.

Osteoporosis in #en

:ind out what risk factors increase the chances of osteoporosis in men.

Prevention

Osteoporosis Prevention

steoporosis can be prevented. People of all ages can get involved in protecting their bones.

-Cercise and a healthy diet can cut osteoporosis risk. 4ere are some tips for keeping your bones

strong.

$itamin % %eficienc?

3itamin helps your body absorb calcium. Hnd we need more vitamin as we get older. Hre you

getting enough If your diet doesnt contain sufficient amounts of this bone saver, supplements may

help. Eead about vitamin deficiency.

Preventing Compression Fractures

If you!re at high risk for compression fractures, it!s critical to take action. Eead more.

'eeping (ones )trong

 H lot of people think that osteoporosis and bone loss should simply be accepted as a normal part of

getting older. 2ut theyre wrong. You can prevent further bone loss.

Preventing Osteoporosis! * +uestions and Answers

Get answers to common Duestions about how to prevent weak and brittle bones.

oooooOOOOOooooo

What /s #steoporosisH

Fast Facts: !n 8asy;to;$ead eries of "ublications for the "ublic

Publication available in* 

• P: 71) A29 

• -spaJol 

Eelated Eesources 

steoporosis verview 

steoporosis, 4andout on 4ealth 

4ow to :ind a octor for steoporosis 

Partner Eesources 

steoporosis* The 2one Thief 78IH9 

http://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/common-myths-about-osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-in-men-topic-overviewhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-preventionhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/vitamin-d-for-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-preventinghttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-keeping-bones-stronghttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-keeping-bones-stronghttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.pdfhttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/espanol/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/espanol/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/default.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_hoh.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/find_doctor.asphttp://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/osteoporosishttp://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/common-myths-about-osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-in-men-topic-overviewhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-preventionhttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/vitamin-d-for-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-preventinghttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-keeping-bones-stronghttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-keeping-bones-stronghttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.pdfhttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/espanol/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/default.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/osteoporosis_hoh.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/find_doctor.asphttp://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/osteoporosis

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steoporosis 78I4 ;enior 4ealth9 

;urgeon Generals Eeport on 2one 4ealth and steoporosis 

;urgeon Generals Eeport* Fhat it /eans to You 

8I4 6onsensus evelopment 6onference* steoporosis Prevention, iagnosis, and Therapy

steoporosis 7F49 

Informe del aJo 0((K del 6iru"ano General sobre la salud de los heusos y osteoporosis* lo Due significa

para usted 

Luestions Hre the Hnswer* Get /ore Involved in Your 4ealth 6are 7H4EL9 

Talking Fith Your octor 78IH9 

6onversando con su /Mdico 78IH9 

oooooOOOOOooooo

"engertian #steoporosis

hare:

 Turunnya kepadatan tulang merupakan salah satu bentuk dari proses

penuaan tubuh. #steoporosis adalah kondisi saat kualitas kepadatan

tulang menurun. 5ondisi ini membuat tulang menadi keropos dan rentan

retak.

Penderita Osteoporosis di Indonesiai /ndonesia, sebanyak 1 persen wanita berusia 6>; tahun dan 61

persen wanita berusia >; tahun mengidap osteoporosis. $isiko wanita

mengidap osteoporosis 2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan risiko pada

pria.

http://nihseniorhealth.gov/osteoporosis/toc.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45513/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/SGR/surgeon_generals_report.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/SGR/surgeon_generals_report.asphttp://consensus.nih.gov/2000/2000Osteoporosis111html.htmhttp://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/osteoporosis.html?from=AtoZhttp://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/osteoporosis.html?from=AtoZhttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/espanol/SGR/surgeon_generals_report_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/espanol/SGR/surgeon_generals_report_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/espanol/SGR/surgeon_generals_report_espanol.asphttp://www.ahrq.gov/questions/http://www.ahrq.gov/questions/http://www.nia.nih.gov/HealthInformation/Publications/TalkingWithYourDoctorhttp://www.nia.nih.gov/HealthInformation/Publications/TalkingWithYourDoctorhttp://www.nia.nih.gov/node/6177http://www.nia.nih.gov/node/6177http://nihseniorhealth.gov/osteoporosis/toc.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45513/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/SGR/surgeon_generals_report.asphttp://consensus.nih.gov/2000/2000Osteoporosis111html.htmhttp://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/osteoporosis.html?from=AtoZhttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/espanol/SGR/surgeon_generals_report_espanol.asphttp://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/espanol/SGR/surgeon_generals_report_espanol.asphttp://www.ahrq.gov/questions/http://www.nia.nih.gov/HealthInformation/Publications/TalkingWithYourDoctorhttp://www.nia.nih.gov/node/6177

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3eski umumnya osteoporosis dialami oleh wanita yang telah memasuki

masa menopause, osteoporosis uga dapat memengaruhi pria, wanita

yang berusia muda, dan anak;anak. 5ekurangan kalsium diperkirakanmenadi penyebab banyak kasus osteoporosis di /ndonesia.

 Apa Saja Gejala Osteoporosis?

4mumnya tidak ada tanda;tanda teradinya osteoporosis di awal masa

menurunnya kepadatan tulang. ?amun beberapa kondisi berikut dapat

menadi geala teradinya osteoporosis: sakit punggung, postur tubuh

bungkuk, menurunnya tinggi badan, lebih sering mengalami

cederakeretakan tulang.

'erkurangnya kepadatan akan membuat tulang rentan untuk retak.5eretakan biasanya teradi pada tulang belakang, pergelangan tangan,

lengan, atau tulang pangkal paha.

Faktor Risiko Berkembangnya Osteoporosis

 Tulang !nda terus beregenerasi dari waktu ke waktu. /ni berarti tulang

yang telah rapuh akan terganti dengan tulang baru. aat masih kanak;

kanak, tulang kita tumbuh dan mampu memperbarui diri dengan cepat.

"ada rentang usia +7;+< tahun, tulang perlahan;lahan akan berhenti

tumbuh, sementara massa tulang akan terus bertambah hingga usia akhir>;an. ?amun proses ini melambat seiring dengan pertambahan usia

http://www.alodokter.com/menopausehttp://www.alodokter.com/kalsiumhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/gejalahttp://www.alodokter.com/nyeri-punggunghttp://www.alodokter.com/menopausehttp://www.alodokter.com/kalsiumhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/gejalahttp://www.alodokter.com/nyeri-punggung

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manusia. ecara perlahan, kepadatan tulang akan makin berkurang dan

proses ini dimulai sekitar umur 16 tahun.

i /ndonesia, kurangnya konsumsi makanan yang mengandung kalsium

menadi penyebab utama meningkatnya umlah pengidap osteoporosis di

/ndonesia.

'erikut ini adalah beberapa faktor lain yang bisa meningkatkan risiko

berkembangnya osteoporosis:

• $iwayat penyakit anggota keluarga yang mengidap osteoporosis

• ering mengonsumsi minuman keras dan merokok

• "enyakit yang menyerang kelenar yang memproduksi hormon, seperti

kelenar tiroid yang terlalu aktif @hipertiroidismeB

• 3alabsorpsi @ketidakmampuan usus untuk menyerap nutrisi di dalammakananB

• "emakaian obat;obatan dalam angka panang yang memengaruhikekuatan tulang atau kadar hormon, seperti konsumsi prednisolon

Memeriksa Kepadatan Tlang Menggnakan !"#A S$an

4ntuk mendiagnosis teradinya osteoporosis, !nda perlu menalani tes

untuk memeriksa kepadatan tulang. Dual energy X-ray

absorptiometry/DEXA scan adalah pemeriksaan paling umum untukmemperkirakan risiko keretakan tulang. "rosedur ini tidak memerlukan

banyak waktu dan tidak menyebabkan rasa sakit.

Mengrangi Risiko Terkena Osteoporosis

emua orang dapat menaga tulang mereka tetap sehat dan mengurangi

risiko mengidap osteoporosis. !nda bisa mulai dengan menerapkan pola

makan sehat disertai dengan melakukan olahraga secara teratur. 3ulailah

kurangi merokok hingga benar;benar menghindarinya dan kurangi

mengonsumsi minuman keras.

Men$ega% Keretakan Tlang

"engidap osteoporosis umumnya disarankan untuk mengonsumsi obat;

obatan demi mencegah keretakan tulang. "ilihan enis pengobatan

osteoporosis yang diberikan tergantung kepada tingkat risiko keretakan

tulang !nda. &al ini didasarkan pada seumlah data seperti hasil

pemeriksaan DEXA dan usia !nda.

'agi !nda yang telah didiagnosis mengidap osteoporosis, penting untuk

menaga diri agar tidak mengalami cedera atau mengalami keretakan

tulang. "engidap yang telah lanut usia disarankan untuk menalanipemeriksaan penglihatan dan pendengaran secara teratur. (iptakan

http://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/penyebabhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/diagnosishttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pencegahanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/penyebabhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/diagnosishttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pencegahanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatanhttp://www.alodokter.com/osteoporosis/pengobatan

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rumah dan lingkungan yang aman dengan memindahkan perabot yang

membuat !nda berisiko untuk atuh, terantuk, atau terbentur.

 Jika !nda telah mengalami keretakan tulang, terdapat beberapa cara yang

dapat membantu !nda untuk pulih. 3isalnya perawatan dengan mandi air

hangat atau mengompres kantong;kantong pendingin. $elaksasi uga bisa

membantu proses pemulihan.

 Tanyakan kepada dokter tentang cara menalani hidup dengan

osteoporosis dalam angka panang. elain itu cobalah untuk bertukar

pikiran dengan konselor terlatih, psikolog, atau penderita lain

oooooOOOOOooooo.

Overview & Facts

Bearn about osteoporosis and take action against this silent disease.You may not know you have it

until your thinned, weakened bones fracture in a bump or fall.

What Is Osteoporosis?

What Is Osteoporosis?

steoporosis weakens bones and increases the risk of uneCpected fractures. ;erious conseDuences

can occur with some fractures. Eead this overview article about osteoporosis and how to keep your

bones strong.

Picture of Osteoporosis

Fant to see what a bone with osteoporosis looks like, compared to a healthy bone This link will show

you photos of normal and osteoporotic bone.

Causes

What Causes Osteoporosis?

steoporosis is the most common bone disease. It can be prevented with a healthy diet and staying

physically active. Bearn about factors that can make bones stronger or weaker.

What Causes Compression Fractures?

/ost spinal compression fractures are never diagnosed because many patients and families think the

back pain is merely a sign of aging and arthritis. These weakened bones cause the spine to collapse.

Eead more.

Are You at Ris?

Osteoporosis! Are You at Ris?

;ee what factors increase risk of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis Ris Factors! Fact vs" Fiction

http://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/what-is-osteoporosis-osteopeniahttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/picture-of-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/strong-boneshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/common-myths-about-osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/what-is-osteoporosis-osteopeniahttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/picture-of-osteoporosishttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/strong-boneshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-causeshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteoporosis-risk-factorshttp://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/common-myths-about-osteoporosis-risk-factors

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Think you know all about osteoporosis 6hances are, some of the things you think you know about

osteoporosis risk factors may be wrong.

Osteoporosis in #en

:ind out what risk factors increase the chances of osteoporosis in men.

PreventionOsteoporosis Prevention

steoporosis can be prevented. People of all ages can get involved in protecting their bones.

-Cercise and a healthy diet can cut osteoporosis risk. 4ere are some tips for keeping your bones

strong.

$itamin % %eficienc?

3itamin helps your body absorb calcium. Hnd we need more vitamin as we get older. Hre you

getting enough If your diet doesnt contain sufficient amounts of this bone saver, supplements may

help. Eead about vitamin deficiency.

Preventing Compression Fractures

If you!re at high risk for compression fractures, it!s critical to take action. Eead more.

'eeping (ones )trong

 H lot of people think that osteoporosis and bone loss should simply be accepted as a normal part of

getting older. 2ut theyre wrong. You can prevent further bone loss.

Preventing Osteoporosis! * +uestions and Answers

Get answers to common Duestions about how to prevent weak and brittle bones.

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