1. FRANCE WANTED ___________ OUT!!!!!

• William the Conqueror

• Henry II (Eleanor of Aquitaine)

• French kings wanted to increase power and give France a national identity

• 1328 – _____________(France) died With out an heir

• French chose Philip of Valois cousin of the last king (Philip IV) through the male line (Salic Law) = Philip VI

• 1337__________ [England] claimed throne through his mother who was daughter of the Philip IV [Grandson]

2. Controversy Over Succession2. Controversy Over Succession

3. RIVALRY FOR FLANDERS & ENGLISH CHANNEL (TRADE)

• Flanders was wealthy manufacturing center needs English wool

4. FRANCE HELPING

SCOTLAND GET INDEPENDENCE FROM ENGLAND

ADVANTAGES

FRANCE ENGLANDPopulation = 16,000,000

Wealthier

Weapon = Cannon

army = + 50,000

[England = 32,000]

Weapon = Longbow

Strategies: >avoid pitched battles >quick raids

Treaty of Troyes (1420)• Henry V (England) married Catherine,

daughter of Charles VI (France)] • Had a son - _____________________• Henry was declared the legitimate heir to

the French/English throne – England controlled N. France and Paris at the time

• BUT, Henry V and Charles VI died in 1422• Henry VI – only 9 months old inherited

BOTH thrones• ________________(France) 5th son of Charles

VI claimed French throne, but did not try to kick English out of France

Joan of Arc (1429)

•__________ girl•Led by ______

–“voices” help Charles VII drive out the English

•dressed like a man•Led French to

victory at BATTLE OF _____________

“MAIDEN OF ORLEANS”

LAND POSSESSIONS

AFTER 100 YEARS WAR

__________ English

possession in France after 100 Years War

RESULTS OF 100 YEARS WAR

1. England lost all territory except _______

2. Increase in French Nationalism

3. Increase in power of French monarchs

4. English ___________________ control of “Power of the Purse”

5. Castles / Knights becoming obsolete

6. Rise of ______________

7. Further decline of Feudalism

1347 - Black Plague 1347 - Black Plague Reaches Constantinople!Reaches Constantinople!

CAUSES FOR PLAGUE

no understanding of germs, felt bodies were poisoned_______________ punishing people for sins

=“flagellants” (penance)_____________ poisoned wells, contaminating drinking water

=1349 – Strasbourg, Germany 2000 Jews cremated

REAL REASONRats/Insects

followed trade routes from ______________

Reactions to Fear

• the sick were avoided• LEFT TO FEND FOR THEMSELVES

– people looked for care from any who would help regardless of social rank

– men even took care of women

• FAMILIES DESERTED THEIR SICK RELATIVES– mothers even refused to care for their own children

• CLERGY REFUSED TO GIVE LAST RIGHTS / CONDUCT BURIAL SERVICES

• MAGIC / WITCHCRAFT• FLAGELLANTS• LEPERS PERSECUTED / KILLED OFF – Leprosy was

viewed as defect of the soul and thought to be of the devil– Even people with severe acne/psoriasis were killed

BLACK DEATH

DOORS MARKED WITH A ___________________ TO

WARN PEOPLE OF THOSE HOMES THAT CONTAINED

A PLAGUE VICTIM

Lancing a Lancing a BuboeBuboe

Economic costs

• entire villages died out• farms were abandoned• whole families gone• shortage of labor• inflation• landlords stopped freeing their serfs

led to peasant revolts

Human Cost

• _________ of Europe’s population died between 1346-1350

• Bodies were disposed into mass graves or rivers– So many people died that the bodies had to be

treated like waste and poured into trenches