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Fishery science and policyConnecting information and decision

Serge M. Garcia

D4 Science World User Meeting. FAO Rome 25-26 November 2009

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Outline

1. The fishery system

2. The advice & decision process

3. Current situation

4. Conclusions

RespondentsBaran, Eric; Brenton, Bob; Chavance, Pierre; Farmer, Tina;

Fulton, Beth; Grainger, Richard; Guitton Jérome; Hall, Martin; Le Fur, Jean; Laloé, Francis; Maguire, Jean-Jacques; Mahon, Robin;

O’Boyle, Bob; O’Dor, Ron; Rice, Jake; Sainsbury, Keith; Sibert, John; Sinclair, Michael; Taconet, Marc; Vanden Berghe, Edward;

Williams, Meryl; Ye, Yemin

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Outline

1. The fishery system

2. The advice & decision process

3. Current situation

4. Conclusions

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The fishery system

ResourcesEcosystem

Industrial fleet

ArtisanalFleet

Fish processors

Fishtraders

Fisheryresearch

Fisheryagency

Shipyards

Maritime transport

Ports Marinas

AquacultureAgriculture

Tourism

Defence

Oil & GasCablesPipes

Chemical industries

Media

Banks

NGOs

Consumers

Government

Demography

Global economy

Climate change

Int. Instruments

Global market

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Complex processes

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Nested scales

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12 coastal ecological realms19 FAO Main Fishing Areas

Overlapping systems of boundaries

Longhurst, A.R. 2007. Ecological geography of the sea2nd Edition. Academic Press

57 open ocean provinces62 coastal provinces

http://www.seaaroundus.org/lme/lme.aspx

64 Large Marine Ecosystems

SAUP: http://www.seaaroundus.org/eez/eez.aspx

160 Exclusive Economic Zones232 Ecoregions1km

2km

O° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° Latitude

Dep

th

Equatorial Epipelagic

Central Epipelagic

TransitionalEpipelagic

Subpolar Epipelagic

Equatorial-Central mesopelagic

Subpolar Mesopalegic

Bathypelagic

Longhurst, A.R. 2007. Ecological geography of the sea2nd Edition. Academic Press

Equator Poles

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Multiple time units

Century: the evolutionary scale of the sector Decade: the scale of natural oscillations Year: base of formal fishery statistics and quota regulations Season: basic biological, fishery & management pattern Trip: often the base of fishery reporting Day: fishery reporting, log books Haul: fishery reporting < hour: VMS recording Continuous: Plankton recorder. Bioborne sensors

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Administration

Regulation

Lobbying

Functions

Arenas

Public

Private

A complex governance

Regional Councils

Fishery Associations

Parliament

Management Agency

Government

Fishery Committees

Statistics

Enterprises

Households

Fishery Research

Traditional rules Taboos

Fishing operations

Constitution

Fisheries Authority

Legislation

Fishery Chambers

NGOs

Other stakeholdersOther citizens

Courts

Média

Garcia, S.M. & Cochrane, K.L. 2009

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Environmental policy

Socio-economic

policy

Maritime policy

Foreign policy

Cross-sectoral connections

Fishery policy

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Fisheries

Market

Civil society

Science

State

Global

Fisheries

Market

Civil society

Science

State

Regional

Market

Civil society

Science

State

Cross-scale connections

National

Fisheries

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Information requirements

INSTITUTIONS Conventions Regulations Financing Organization Process

OTHER ACTIVITIES

VALUES

CLIM

ATEO

TH

ER

EC

OS

YS

TEM

S

MA

RK

ETS

FISHING Capture Processing

Competition

PO

LIC

Y

ABIOTIC Weather

Physical habitat Water Contaminants

BIOTIC Target species Other species

Interactions

Living habitat Predators Preys

Global change

Impacts

Impac

ts

Fluctuations Survival

Working conditions

Pro

tectio

n

R

eh

ab

ilitatio

n

Protection

Restoration

Demand

Supply

Management

DevelopmentInformation

LobbyingBehavior Votes

Remov

als

Deple

tion

Gear

imp

act

Pollu

tion

Clu

es

Ris

ks Att

ract

ion

HabitatChange

Source: Garcia et al. 2003

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Policy-makers

SCIENTISTSStakeholders

NGOs

Adv

ice

Data

Com

pliance

Regulations

Information

Obj

ectiv

es

Media Public NGOs

Courts

Pressure

Com

munication

Query

Info

Complaints

Evidence

Sentences

Sen

tenc

es

Evidence

Evi

denc

e

Participation

Mod

ifie

d fr

om G

arci

a (2

005)

Communication channels

Conventional

New

Integration Negotiation

Coordination

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Outline

1. The fishery system

2. The advice & decision process

3. Current situation

4. Conclusions

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Demand

Arena

Co-assessment

Options

Advicel

Co-implementation

Performances assesmt.

Decision

Monitoring

New policy Crisis

Good practices

Stakeholder participation

Sci. Disciplines

Trad. knowledge

Extended knowledge

Integrated decision process

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Integrating:

Relevant disciplines

Science and other knowledge

Facts, values and perceptions

Quantitative and qualitative analyses

Science and negotiation processes

Knowledge and sectoral policies

Development and management

Sectoral policies in a given area

Sectoral policies and societal demand

Integrating information

Environment

Development

Societal demand

Science Other knowledge

Facts

Perceptions

Values

Quantitative & quantitative analyses

Fishing

Coastal zones

Sectoral policies

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Outline

1. The fishery system

2. The advice & decision process

3. Current situation

4. Conclusions

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Catalogues of expertiseACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Bibliographic recordsACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Ocean bathymetry

WWW. VIRTUALOCEAN.ORG

ACCESS

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Hydroclimatic dataACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Biological informationACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Biodiversity informationACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Migration and environmental dataACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Fishery statisticsACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Regional fisheries monitoring

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Information on stocks & FisheriesACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Processing platforms

http://www.r-project.org/

ACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Interactive mapping

http://www.marinebiodiversity.ca/OBI07/sessions/talks-pdf/May.pdf

ACCESS Processing Diffusion

IMAPS Caspian

Rhincodon typus

AQUAMAPS

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Global diffusionACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Globefish: Fish Trade PortalACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Information portalsACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Thematic groupsACCESS Processing Diffusion

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Outline

1. The fishery system

2. The advice & decision process

3. Current situation

4. Conclusions

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Demand

Arena

Co-assessment

Options

Advicel

Co-implementation

Performances assesmt.

Decision

Monitoring

New policy Crisis

Good practices

Stakeholder participation

Sci. Disciplines

Trad. knowledge

Extended knowledge

A complex decision-support system

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Demand

Arena

Co-assessment

Options

Advicel

Co-implementation

Performances assesmt.

Decision

Monitoring

New policy Crisis

Good practices

Stakeholder participation

Sci. Disciplines

Trad. knowledge

Extended knowledge

A complex decision-support system

Informal knowledge

Best practices

Resources data

Environment data

Communication

Legislation

Cross sectoral data

Catch/Fleet data

Economic data

Intl. Agreements

Policies & Plans

Education

Training

Compliance data

Bibliography

INPUTSPROCESSINGOUTPUTS

Methods

Models

Stat. software

WGs

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Social networks

Decision-support system (cont…)

Best practices

Communication

Legislation

Intl. Agreements

Policies & Plans

Education

Training

Inf. knowledge

Resources data

Environment data

Cross sectoral data

Catch/Fleet data

Economic data

Compliance data

Bibliography

Methods

Models

Stat. software

WGs

Open Libraries Repositories

Data bases

Wikise-Meetings

Contacts

Open Source platforms e-Training

Knowledgebases

Glossaries

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Ideal system properties

Nested Evolutive

Authoritative

Affordable

Flexible

Building capacity

Action-oriented

End user-oriented

Ethical

Multisource

Multipurpose

Multidisciplinary

Multicultural

Multilingual

Multiple outputs

Multiscale

Interactive

Inter-operable

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TO DO list

Improved access to authoritative data systems

More systematic geo-referencing

3-D displays

Visualisation of uncertainty

More dynamic representations

Google Oceans applications

Platforms for building atlases

Standardized publication platforms

E-training

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Development of a community of practiceOpen-source modelling platforms for inter-disciplinary, bioeconomic, behavioural and ecosystem models and role games

Pool computing for large model runs

D4 Science dream list

Fishery Management Knowledge Network

Fishery Management Knowledge Network

Thank you for your attention

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