1 EuroSITES to FixO 3. Richard Lampitt National Oceanography Centre Southampton UK.
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Transcript of 1 EuroSITES to FixO 3. Richard Lampitt National Oceanography Centre Southampton UK.
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EuroSITES to FixO3.
Richard LampittNational Oceanography Centre
SouthamptonUK
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If we are to understand the role of the oceans in the global climate system and respond appropriately, we must observe them at a range of temporal and spatial scales.
Planet “Earth”?
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1. What are the ways to make observations?
2. What is the current status of fixed point (Eulerian) observatories?
3. What are the limits to progress?
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Winslet and Di Caprio 1997
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8Laboratory of applied bioacoustics, Technical University of Catalonia), LIDO and ESONET
The Humpback Whale
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8GT 2GT
Global annual carbon fluxes 12
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Observing systems:Ships of opportunityResearch cruises Satellite (Altimetry, ocean colour & SST)Floats AutosubGlidersBenthic crawlersFixed point observatories
Conceptual and computational models
Data Management
User communityAll approaches have strengths and weaknesses
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Autonomous systems have many advantages
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Observations are sometimes challenging at sea
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Unique strengths of Eulerian Observatories
1. Sensors which are large or power-hungry
2. Real-time sub-surface data supply
3. Repeated site-specific sample collection (Water, biota, particles).
4. High frequency, un-aliased data, such as for reference data.
5. Deep ocean location (below maximum depth of floats and gliders)
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1. What are the ways to make observations?
2. What is the current status of fixed point (Eulerian) observatories?
3. What are the limits to progress?
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EuroSITES integrates and enhances the 9 existing deep ocean (>1000m) fixed point observatories.
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- EU FP7 Collaborative Project - 3 years: April 1st 2008 – March 31st 2011 - Coordination: NOC, UK- 13 partners (8 countries)- International Oversight Committee- Open ocean (>1000m) - Full depth, in situ: Ocean interior, seafloor
and subseafloorwww.eurosites.info
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Dual function of funding:
1: Observatory support• Staff• Equipment
2: Glue• Efficiency of operation• Enhanced national funding• Outreach & knowledge transfer• Effectiveness
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OceanSITES: Global network. An essential component of GOOS.
EuroSITES
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Ocean Observatories Initiative
Connection to national initiatives
6 of the EuroSITES oversight committee were key players in OOI and Neptune Canada
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Regional, collaborative science
Norwegian Margin
Porcupine
Ligurian Sea
Eastern Mediterranean
EuroSITES and ESONET/EMSO: 4 Common regions
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Multidisciplinary time-seriesVertical coverage: Surface to seafloor
• Temperature• Salinity• Currents• Nutrients• Chl-a• CO2
• O2
• Particle flux• Benthic components
Real-Time Telemetry
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Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP)
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Data from PAP up to today www.eurosites.info
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Station M, Norwegian Sea
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Station Mike
Dramatic deep water temperature increase
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
-0 .9
-0 .8
-0 .7
Te
mp
era
ture
°C
1500
1200
2000
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ESTOC
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Ocean acidification - autonomous pH time-series sensor
- Links with EPOCA and CARBOOCEAN
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Western Mediterranean
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Deep ocean oxygen consumption - in situ measurement
O2 concentration inside and outside of IODA chamber
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34The vision of MyOcean
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Data:
• freely available to all immediately after collection and QC (Website, ftp & GTS)
• Associated metadata
• Using internationally agreed protocols and formats
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Connection to modelling initiatives and communities such as met offices.
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EuroSITES dissemination:
Outreach and Knowledge Transfer
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- Website- Fact Sheets- On-line Cruise diaries- Film
www.outreach.eurosites.info
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1. What are the ways to make observations?
2. What is the current status of fixed point (Eulerian) observatories?
3. What are the limits to progress?
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The funding gap
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FP7 I3 call. Fixed point open ocean observatories.
Submitted November 2011EU Contribution requested ≈ 10M Euro29 partnersCoordinated by NOC, Southampton
FixO3
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Open seas and ocean
Fixed critical locations.
EuroSITES, ESONET and CARBOOCEAN
EMSO and ICOS SeaDataNet standards
GMES initiative European SME
FixO3
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FixO3
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Across the Fram strait
Within the Mediterranean
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FixO3
With Surface temperature climatology
Courtesy RSDAS
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FixO3
With surface chlorophyll (average 2007)
Courtesy RSDAS
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FixO3
With air-sea flux of CO2
(average 2000)
(From Takahashi et al 2009)
Courtesy Ute Schuster, UEA
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FixO3
With dust deposition rate annual climatology (from Mahowald
2005)
Courtesy Natalie Mahowald
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Structure of FixO3
COORD: Networking activity (7 WPs)SUPP: Service Activity and Transnational Access (2 WPs)RTD: Research (2 WP’s)
External advisory board
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Engineering development: Sensors, Platforms, data transmission, power supplies
Geographical coverage
Model development
Outstanding issues
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Cabled or not?
Power requirementData transmissionFlexibilityCost to install and maintain
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The AstroParticle Physics community is already involved in some of the ocean observatories. Now is the time to explore additional interactions.
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