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    Licenciatura en Lengua InglesaUniversidad de San Buenaventura

    Francisco Jos Gonzlez Velsquez

    Nick Osuna Roa

    Leonardo Fabio Paz

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    ETHNOGRAPHY

    A qualitative research methodology

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    Definition

    Its the study of social interactions, behaviours, and perceptions that occur

    within groups, teams, organisations, and communities.

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    Definition

    Its a social science research method. It relies heavily on up close, personal

    experience, and possible participation not just on observation by trained

    researcher in ethnography.

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    Purpose

    Its aim is to provide rich, holistic insights into peoples views and actions, as well

    as the nature of the location they inhabit, through the collection of detailed

    observations and interviews.

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    Key features of ethnographic research

    A strong emphasis on exploring the nature of a particular social phenomenon,

    rather than setting out to test hypotheses about it

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    Key features of ethnographic research

    A tendency to work primarily with unstructured data that is, data that have

    not been coded at the point of data collection.

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    Key features of ethnographic research

    Investigation of a small number of cases (perhaps even just one case) in detail

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    Key features of ethnographic research

    Analysis of data that involves explicit interpretation of the meanings and

    functions of human actions; the product of this analysis primarily takes the form

    of verbal descriptions and explanations

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    SpacePhysical layout of the place(s)

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    ActorRange of people involved

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    ActivityA set of related activities that occur

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    ObjectThe physical things that are present

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    ActSingle actions people undertake

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    EventActivities that people carry out

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    TimeThe sequencing of events that occur

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    GoalThings that people are trying to accomplish

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    Observational dimensions in ethnographic studies

    FeelingEmotions felt and expressed

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    Pros

    Ability to examine complex cultural phenomena

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    Pros

    Holistic perspective and tendency to identify diverse aspects of culture.

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    Cons

    Should it focus specifically or universally?

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    Cons

    Validity of the reports

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    Cons

    Trained researcher in Ethnography

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    Cons

    A lot of time in the study field

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    Cons

    High economic cost

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    Ethnographic Study:

    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSMark Warschauer

    2-years ethnographic study of on-line learning in four college language and

    writing classrooms in Hawaii.

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    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSSociocultural Context

    Implementation of new technologies varied from classroom to classroom,

    influenced by the institutional context and the particular beliefs of each

    individual teacher.

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    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSSummary and Conclusions

    For electronic learning activities to be most purposeful and effective, they

    should be learner-centered

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    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSSummary and Conclusions

    with students having control over their planning and implementation

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    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSSummary and Conclusions

    be tied to make real difference in the world or in the students place in it

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    ON-LINE LEARNING IN SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOMSSummary and Conclusions

    and provide them an opportunity to explore and express their evolving identity.

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    FuentesWarschauer, M. (2000). Online learning in second language classrooms:An ethnographic study. In M. Warschauer and R. Kern (Eds.), Network-

    based language teaching: concepts and practice (pp. 41-58). New York:

    Cambridge University Press

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    FuentesReeves, S. , and others (2008). Qualitative research methodologies:ethnography. In BMJ 2008;337:a1020 (pp. 512-514).