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Transcript of 1 Epidemiology of Rabies in Southeast Europe Nicholas Johnson Rabies and Wildlife Zoonoses Group WHO...
1
Epidemiology of Rabies in Southeast Europe
Nicholas JohnsonRabies and Wildlife Zoonoses Group
WHO Collaborating Centre for the Characterization of Rabies and Rabies-Related Viruses
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Introduction
Rabies is endemic within many countries of south east Europe
The fox is the principal reservoir species but dog rabies cases still
reported
Few epidemiological studies reported from the region
Identify factors that contribute to epidemiology
Lack of knowledge hampers vaccination programmes
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Southeast Europe (the Balkans)
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The Balkan Peninsular
Turkey
Bulgaria
Romania
Bosnia andHerzegovina
UkraineCzech Republic
Greece
Poland
Russia
Slovakia
HungaryAustria
CroatiaSlovenia
Albania
Serbia
Mac
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Cohort Details
Country (Cases 2005) Fox Dog Jackal Human Other Not recorded
[Total]
Bosnia-Herzegovina (36) 10 3 4 17
Bulgaria (8) 5 2 2 1 2 12
Georgia 1 1
Serbia & Montenegro (101) 2 2
Hungary (9) 3 1 1 5
Poland (138) 2 2
Romania (530) 3 2 1 1 2 9
Russia (3087) 3 1 1 5
Slovak Republic (50) 1 1
Turkey (193) 7 9 4 1 21
75
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Isolate details
Code No. Country Region Species Year GenbankAccessionNumber
5 Bulgaria Lovech Fox 2003 DQ300293
1279 Romania Iolomita Fox ? -
RV1124 Turkey Manisa Fox 2000 AY091610
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Region of the Genome
327 nucleotides
TTATCGTGGATCAATATGAGTACAAGTACCCTGCCATCAAAGATTTGAAAAAGCCCTGTATAACTCTAGGAAAGGCTCCCGATTTAAATAAAGCATACAAGTCAGTTTTATCATGCATGAGCGCCGCCAAACTTGATCCTGACGATGTATGTTCCTATTTGGCGGCGGCAATGCAGTTTTTTGAGGGGACATGTCCGGAAGACTGGACCAGCTATGGAATCGTGATTGCACGAAAAGGAGATAAGATCACCCCAGGTTCTCTGGTGGAGATAAAACGTACTGATGTAGAAGGGAATTGGGCTCTGACAGGAGGCATGGAACTGACAAGAGACCCCAC
N P M G L
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Phylogenetic analysis of RABV sequences from Southeastern Europe
SAD B19
Pasteur
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Western Turkey
Romania / Russia
Romania
Bulgaria
Eastern Turkey
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Phylogenetic tree of Eastern European Isolates
Eastern Romania / Russia
Central Romania
Wave 1: Western TurkeyWestern Turkey
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Outgroup
Bulgaria
*
**
* *
*
*
** *
**
**
*
*
**0.01 substitutions / site
* Bootstrap values > 700
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Romania
Romania / Russia
Romania / Poland
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Bulgaria
TargovishteDobrich
Lovech
MontanaPlevenLovech
Former YugoslaviaVidin
Montana
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Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Hungary
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Conclusions
Most isolates fall into the East European group of viruses
Geography dominates isolate clustering
Topography may play a significant role in preventing spread of fox-rabies
The Danube appears to block movement between Romania and Bulgaria
Such factors could assist in future vaccination campaigns
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AcknowledgementsCo-Authors
Veterinary Laboratories Agency (UK) AR Fooks
FLI-Wusterhausen (Germany) T Muller, C Freuling
IDT (Germany) A Vos
Etlik CVRI (Turkey) O Aylan
H Un
Natl. Diag. & Res Vet Inst (Bulgaria) R Valtchovski
Inst. Diag. & Animal Health (Romania) M Turcitu
F Dumistrescu
V Vlad
Univ. Sarajevo (Bosnia-Hervegovina) R Velic
Vet. Inst. Of Republika of Srpska V SandracFundingDefra (UK)