1 Elisabeth Staksrud Hamburg 06.12.06 Eurobarometer 2005 Elisabeth Staksrud European Commission...

1

Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06

Eurobarometer 2005Elisabeth Staksrud

European Commission Expert on New media and public attitudesHamburg 06.12.2006

2


Who am I?

• Project Director New Media – Norwegian Media Authority (prev. Norwegian Board of Film Classification)

• Degree in Media and Communication• Initiated and coordinated the SAFT project (from 2002)• From 2004: training coordinator for the Europan Awareness Network and

European Commission’s expert on Internet and public opinion• Appointed member of the Norwegian Government’s Internet Advisory Board• Industry appointed member of the Norwegian Internet Self regulation Board• Currently research fellow at the Dept. of M & C at University of Oslo• Love to watch TV

3


Survey information

• The Eurobarometer survey presents the attitudes of European Union citizens towards illegal and harmful content on the Internet and their knowledge of how to protect their children against it. It covers 25 Member states, candidate and acceding countries and was conducted in December 2005.

• The survey was commissioned by the Directorate-General

Information Society and Media and was carried out by TNS Opinion & Social, a consortium formed by TNS and EOS Gallup Europe

4


Survey information

Aim: Map out use of Internet in Europe general and among children particularily.

Gather information on childrens potential access to harmful or illegal content on the Internet.

Map out parental control over the use of Internet and awareness level and information about safe use

Target/number of Interviews – 3 selections:

•General European public above 15 years (29 248 respondents representing 442 620 588 Europeans)

•Caretakers with children aged 17 and under in their household (7560 respondents).

•Further selection of caretakers claiming that child uses Internet (3791 respondents)

Method: Face-to-Face interviews in peoples homes in national language. Addresses selected random route procedures

Fieldwork period: December 2005 – January 2006

5


Two important premisses to remember when reading the results:

1. It is not parents, but ”caretakers” that respond on behalf of themselves and children in the household. Status of caretaker is unknown.

2. Results regarding children’s use are based on parental assessment – and must not be confused with what children actually do or how much access they have

6


What I will do

• Summarize main findings from Eurobarometer 2005 with a special emphasis on German results when relevant – Parental self assessment and knowledge– Parental assessment of their children’s access and usage

• Try to give some overall strategic awareness advice by looking at research on children

7


Use of Internet in EU by respondents' socio-demographic characteristics

15%

20%

30%

39%

43%

46%

54%

55%

64%

75%

75%

77%

89%

91%

15%

49%

58%

47%

Retired

TEA: 15 -

Age 55+

House persons

Unemployed

Women

Manual workers

TEA: 16-19

EU25

Age 40-54

Men

Self-employed

Age 25-39

Employees

TEA: 20+

Age 15-24

Managers

Students

8


Using the Internet: self-assessed expertise

40%

32%

32%

31%

28%

23%

23%

23%

22%

18%

14%

16%

16%

15%

10%

7%

9%

42%

46%

45%

47%

47%

49%

47%

47%

47%

48%

52%

48%

46%

44%

45%

46%

43%

15%

18%

18%

18%

22%

23%

24%

22%

26%

23%

26%

27%

27%

29%

37%

37%

32%

2%

3%

3%

4%

4%

4%

5%

8%

5%

10%

7%

9%

11%

11%

9%

10%

15%

House persons

TEA: 15-

Retired

Aged 55+

Manual workers

Women

TEA: 16-19

Aged 40-54

Unemployed

Self-employed

Employees

Aged 25-39

TEA: 20+

Men

Aged 15-24

Students

Managers

A beginner An intermediate user An advanced user An expert user

40% of all men regard themselves

as advanced or expert users!

Women rate themselves just above

retired people, but below unemployed

and teens

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10


Do you know where or to whom you can report illegal content you see on the Internet?

22%

38%

41%

54%

52%

26%

43%

38%

26%

29%

51%

18%

20%

17%

18%

AC/CC4

NMS10

EU15-2003

EU15

EU25

Yes No DK

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Yes! I know where or to whom you can report illegal content you se on the Internet (by country)

• Average EU25 level is 52%

• Germany is one of the ”top four countries” on awareness about illegal content

• Awareness level has significantly increased since 2003 in the 15 ”old” member states, from 41% til 54% on average.

17%

25%

28%

29%

36%

37%

40%

41%

42%

43%

45%

45%

46%

46%

49%

50%

56%

57%

59%

60%

61%

63%

63%

69%

79%

52%

LT

LV

HU

EE

MT

PT

ES

PL

CZ

EL

NL

SI

CY

SK

FR

BE

EU25

IT

IE

FI

UK

SE

DE

AT

LU

DK

12


Who do they know they can report to?

• The European public associates illegal content with the police!

• Half of the European public does not recognize that ”same rules apply” (illegal is illegal) when you add technology

Do you know where or to whom you can report illegal content you see on the Internet?

77%

1%

0%

1%

2%

6%

7%

17%

61%

2%

0%

1%

2%

6%

3%

34%

43%

4%

1%

2%

2%

3%

5%

49%

47%

3%

1%

1%

2%

3%

4%

47%

No /DK

Others

Parent associations

Associations, NGOs

Schools

Internet service providers

Hotlines, tiplines set up forthis purpose

The police

EU25

EU15

NMS10

AC/CC4

13


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The use of Internet among children (by age brackets)

34%

51%

68%

85%

50%

9%

88%

73%

87%

Young adults

Aged <6

Aged 6-7

All children

Aged 8-9

Aged 10-11

Aged 12-13

Aged 14-15

Aged 16-17

15


Internet usage among children by country (compared to the previous surveys)

15%

20%

45%

31%

42%

39%

45%

30%

45%

45%

47%

50%

45%

49%

42%

57%

58%

58%

47%

63%

62%

64%

60%

64%

68%

26%

32%

36%

38%

39%

41%

42%

46%

47%

47%

52%

52%

52%

54%

56%

57%

58%

62%

64%

65%

65%

67%

68%

71%

52%

EL

CY

ES

PT

IT

HU

IE

SK

DE

PL

FR

LV

LT

AT

MT

LU

CZ

SI

BE

SE

FI

UK

EE

NL

DK

2005

2003/2004

German children are in the low-range in Europe when it comes to using Internet (according to

their parents).

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% of parents declaring that child uses Internet at home and at school

15%

39%

31%

27%

19%

15%

34%

33%

17%

33%

28%

33%

31%

44%

44%

37%

26%

58%

44%

36%

34%

31%

45%

50%

53%

52%

11%

15%

16%

17%

20%

22%

22%

22%

25%

27%

28%

34%

34%

35%

36%

36%

39%

45%

48%

48%

50%

52%

57%

59%

65%

65%

EL

SK

HU

PT

CY

ES

LT

PL

IT

LV

IE

EU25

FR

CZ

MT

AT

DE

UK

EE

SI

BE

LU

FI

SE

DK

NL

Home

School

Home is the most common place in nearly all of the ‘old’ Member States. Home gives the possibility of multiple and flexible access.

This pattern also applies to Germany; usage at home is more common than usage schools (39% vs. 26%). This is expected to change fast, with increased home usage.

18


% of children owning a mobile phone (by age brackets)

23%

41%

70%

80%

87%

36%

7%

2%Aged <6

Aged 6-7

Aged 8-9

All children

Aged 10-11

Aged 12-13

Aged 14-15

Aged 16-17

19


01020304050

60708090

100

Age 5

or younger

Age 6-

7

Age 8-

9

Age 10

-11

Age 12

-13

Age 14

-15

Age 16

-17

Boys Internet

Girls Internet

Boys Mobile

Girls Mobile

%

Use of Internet among children and ownership of cell phones (by age brackets and gender)

Average level of Internet use in E25, people above 15 years

20


Use of the Internet compared to owning a mobile phone – by country

30%

39%

28%

36%

38%

34%

40%

32%

36%

38%

36%

36%

28%

50%

54%

54%

37%

39%

56%

52%

37%

49%

40%

57%

51%

34%

54%

26%

32%

36%

38%

39%

41%

46%

47%

47%

48%

50%

51%

52%

52%

52%

52%

54%

56%

57%

58%

62%

64%

65%

65%

67%

68%

71%

38% 42%

EL

CY

ES

PT

IT

HU

IE

SK

PL

DE

NMS10

EU25

EU15

FR

AT

LV

LT

MT

LU

CZ

SI

BE

SE

UK

FI

EE

NL

DK

% using theInternet

% owning a mobilephone

In some mid/low Internet penetration countries, like Lithuania, Latvia, Cyprus and Greece, mobile penetration among children already exceeds Internet access.

Challenge: the future is mobileWhat implications will this have for our safety work – in hotlines and awareness nodes. What messages to send when technology varies? A mobile phone is also an Internet access device, a publication tool and a credit card, a GPS sender…- and a phone! And it is always on.

21


Parental control and regulation

22


Setting rules for the Internet… TV RULES!

Rules have been set for child's use of ...?

3%

3%

6%

4%

14%

5%

17%

18%

11%

34%

20%

20%

19%

22%

42%

17%

19%

19%

20%

41%

Electronic games consoles

Computer

Mobile phone

Internet

Television

EU25

EU15

NMS10

AC/CC 4

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Media usage rules set by German parents

26,6

12,210,6

13,911,1

1,4

20,7

3,5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1

Type of rules

Per

cent

age

of r

espo

nden

ts

Yes, for TV

Yes, for the mobilephoneYes for electronicgames consolesYes, for the Internet

Yes, for thecomputerYes, rules exist, butnot set by meNo, no rules havebeen setDo not know

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Top Internet rules set by German parents:

1. Rules regarding time allowed to spent on the Internet (70%)

2. Not allowed to give out any personal information/privacy (67%)

3. Not to allowed to visit some websites/indecency (66%)

25


Sitting with children when they are online

How often do you sit with your child when he or she uses the Internet?

2% 45% 15% 14% 4% 10% 10%

DK Never Rarely From time to time Often Most of the time Always

All types of parents claim to sit with their children, experts or not experts

26


Same question from SAFT Norway 2006 – asked both parents and children:Q34.1: (C) When I am on the Internet at home, my parents sit with me while I surf...Q20: (P) How often do you sit with your child while he/she is on the Internet?

2006

3

20

64

6

29

59

11

1

0 20 40 60 80

Often

Sometimes

Never

Don't know

Children

Parents

%

Filter: The child uses the Internet

%

her

Where did the 65%

parents go?

27


• How to create awareness?– listen to the children, not the parents!

28


The home is the number one place of Internet use, connecting children through PCs, Xboxes, - several times a day

45

58

11

1

4

2

1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Yes, at my own PC / computer

Yes, at someone elses computer at home

Yes, with my own equipment

Yes, with someone elses equipment

No

Don't know

Unanswered

2006

%

Filter: Uses PC at home, 94% - of those 4% are not connected

Significant ”At my own PC / computer”•Boys•13-16 yrs•Parents with university degree

Significant ”At someone else’s computer”•Girls•Middle child•Comes home to an empty house

her

Q14: Do you have an Internet connection at home?

29


Q80: Where have you learned the MOST about the Internet?47

41

47

16

23

3

6

2

7

5

3

12

46

41

31

27

22

13

12

5

4

8

3

5

0 10 20 30 40 50

Friends around my age

My parents

By exploring on my own

My teachers

Older brothers or sisters

Magazines

From websites

The library

From a chat room or Internet Friend

Other places

Do not know

No answer

Norway 2006

Ireland 2006

%

Filter: Use Internet

test

Since 2003:• In Norway the parents play a bigger role. • In Ireland teachers have less influence.

Children have taught themselves about the Internet – and that has implications for their user patterns and communication with parents.

30


Parents believe that the Internet = web pages with information on travel, banking and news.Children have sophisticated user patterns – games being the number one activity.

84

52

57

47

44

38

41

32

32

22

21

15

23

13

16

15

59

64

54

48

50

40

29

30

27

24

23

20

8

14

8

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Playing games on the Internet

Doing homework

Downloading music

Chatting in chat rooms

Sending and receiving e-mail

Getting information other than for school work

Surfing for fun

Using Instant Messaging

Visiting news sites

Making personal web-site / blogging

Visiting fan sites

Publishing pictures or information

Downloading software

Visiting sites for hobbies

Shopping or making a purchase

Watching pornography

Boy

Girl

%Filter: Uses the Internet, 96%

her

Q19: What kind of things do you do on the Internet?

31


Q19: (C) What kind of things do you do on the Internet? PromptedQ15: (P) As far as you know, what does your child use the Internet for? Unprompted72

58

56

47

47

39

31

30

23

22

18

16

13

12

9

33

1

53

41

8

23

7

20

21

3

2

4

1

4

1

8

1

13

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Games, playing

Schoolwork

Music, downloading

Chat rooms

E-mail

Searching for information

Instant messaging

Visiting news sites

Make personal websites

Visiting favorites

Uploading pictures / MMS

Downloading software

Visiting hobby sites

Buying goods and services on the Internet

Watching pornography

Other things

Don't know / Unanswered

Searching in general

Children

Parents

%Filter: The child uses the Internet

her

Parents believe that children use Internet the same way they do – for web pages with information on travel, banking and news.When parents talk to children about the Internet – they really mean the web

BTW – children have on average 2,6 more e-

mail accounts than their parents are aware

of.

32


The difference in user patterns have implications – E.g. it has made children more restrictive regarding submitting personal information online.

57

69

46

40

29

54

25

28

14

13

5

4

59

58

41

38

28

27

21

17

9

5

5

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Favourite band, music, etc.

Gender

Personal interest or hobbies

Age and date of birth

Full name

Personal e-mail address

What school you go to

Postal address

Phone number

Photograph of yourself

Parent's name

Password

Norway 2006

Ireland 2006

%

Filter: Use Internet

test

Since 2003:• In both countries the results show that the children are more cautious in giving out information.

Q37: Information you would give about yourself over the Internet to win a prize in a contest

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Q38: (C) What information about yourself would you giveover the Internet to win a prize in a contest? YesQ44: (P) Would you allow your child to submit the following personal information on web-sites directed towards children? Yes

200669

54

46

40

29

28

14

13

51

19

62

13

9

7

2

15

0 20 40 60 80 100

Gender

E-mail

Personal interests

Age and birthday

Name

Address

Phone number

Picture

Children

Parents

%

Filter: The child uses the Internet

200375

52

51

51

31

27

15

13

48

19

56

12

8

6

1

7

0 20 40 60 80 100

Gender

E-mail

Personal interests

Age and birthday

Name

Address

Phone number

Picture

Children

Parents

%

her

…and parents more liberal in allowing children to submit personal information

34


Observations and implications for awareness work

• Children start using Internet and other electronic media before school age

• Children have sophisticated user patterns – parents dont• Parents see Internet and other electronic devices as TECHNOLOGY,

children see them as ”NATURAL”• The traditional family media culture was different for Internet

introduction than other mass media• Children can apply old rules for new technology – on- vs. off-line is

not a problematic divide• Children feel this is their area – they have taught themselves, use it

for communication with each other and have differnt user patterns and interests than adults

35


Observations for the German situation

• Children start using the Internet and mobile phones when they are very young and their start up age will continue to drop

• Their prime use arena will be the home• German parents may not feel this is applicable to them, and

that the school will teach children what they need to know• Safe, competent and critical behaviour can be learned early • German parents should ask their children if the are and what

they do on the Internet – not to control, but to start a dialogue• Focus on young children both towards parents, via schools

and directly is vital to cope with current and future challenges

36


The Future Safety Challenges

1. Privacy2. Critical competence3. Bullying4. Commercial issues and costs

37


My strategy and advice

• Give non – technological advice• Focus on cross-platform applicable advice • Focus on user empowerment• General issues like privacy, source criticism, self confidence

and worth, - directly to the children and young people • Media Literacy – not Internet/games/mobile safety • Critical competence ”solves most issues”

38


Schools, ISPs, government/local authorities, NGOs and mass media all play a vital role in delivering safe use messages – coordination is the key to success!

School(s) 35% 38% 38% 33%

Parent association\ other parents groups 11% 7% 9% 8%

Government\Local authority 26% 21% 19% 17%

The Internet service provider or the telephone company

35% 32% 32% 29%

Software companies 17% 7% 6% 7%

Computer retailer 10% 6% 7% 8%

Computer game retailer 6% 2% 3% 2%

Your employer 2% 1% 0% 1%

Associations, NGOs 7% 4% 5% 4%

TV, radio, newspapers 10% 18% 22% 22%

Police 8% 13% 13% 13%

The Church\ Religious authorities 0% 1% 1% 1%

I do not want to receive such information 9% 12% 9% 11%

Other source 2% 4% 5% 5%

DK 7% 9% 9% 10%

DESIRED INFORMATION PROVIDERS (BY AGE OF THE CHILD)

Aged 6 or younger

Aged 6-9 Aged 10-13 Aged 14-17

Most frequently mentionedSecond most frequently mentionedThird most frequently mentioned

39


Thank [email protected]

Full Eurobarometer report available at

http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/sip/eurobarometer/index_en.htm

1 Elisabeth Staksrud Hamburg 06.12.06 Eurobarometer 2005 Elisabeth Staksrud European Commission...

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