+1 Computer Science Study Material - TNBEDCSVIPS...தம ழ ந ட ப .எட கண ன அற...

M.S.ALLAHBAKSH.,M.Sc.,B.Ed.,CELL:9994368476http://www.tnbedcsvips.in/

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தமிழ்நாடு பி .எட் கணினி அறிவியல் ேவைலயில்லா பட்டதாr ஆசிrயர்கள் சங்கம்

COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL

+1 PREPARED BY

M.S.ALLAH BAKSH.,M.Sc.,B.Ed.,

PG.ASST IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

KANCHANADEVI MATRIC. HR. SEC. SCHOOL

ALATHUR‐606 208

MOBILE: 9994368476

Email: [email protected]


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1. …………iscalledasthefatheroftoday’scomputer.a)CharlessBabbageb)JohnNapierc)WilliamOughtred d)HermanHollerith

2. TheNapier’sBoneswasinventedby………….a)HermanHollerithb)WilliamOughtredc)JohnNapier d)CharlessBabbage

3. TheNapierBoneswasinventedintheyear…………..a)1614 b)1613 c)1615 d)1616

4. TheSlideRulewasinventedintheyear………………..a)1632 b)1633 c)1632 d)1634

5. TheRotatingWheelCalculatorwasdevelopedby……….a)HermanHollerithb)WilliamOughtredc)BlaisePascald)CharlessBabbage

6. TheRotatingWheelCalculatorwasinventedintheyear………….a)1641 b)1642 c)1643 d)1644

7. TheDifferenceEnginewasdevelopedby………….a)CharlessBabbageb)JohnNapierc)WilliamOughtred d)HermanHollerith

8. TheDifferenceEnginewasinventedintheyear………………a)1821 b)1823 c)1824 d)1822

9. TheHollerithTabulatingMachinewasdevelopedby………a)CharlessBabbageb)JohnNapierc)WilliamOughtred d)HermanHollerith

10. TheHollerithTabulatingMachinewasinventedintheyear……………a)1890 b)1891 c)1892 d)1893

11. ……….isthefirstknowncalculatingmachineusedforcounting.a)NapiesBones b)DifferenceEngine c)Abacus d)VaccumTube

12. …………….….inventedtheSlideRule.a)HermanHollerithb)WilliamOughtredc)JohnNapier d)CharlessBabbage

13. Thefirstgenerationcomputersused……………....forcircuitry.a)Transistor b)IntegratedCircuit c)VaccumTube d)MicroProcessor

14. Thefirstgenerationcomputersused………….…….formemory.a)Magneticdrums b)RAM c)ROM d)EPROM

15. Thesecondgenerationcomputerwereused………………forcircuitry.a)Microprocessor b)VaacumTube c)IntegratedCircuit d)Transistor

16. IntegratedCircuitwereusedin……………..generationofcomputers.a)First b)Second c)Third d)Fourth

17. TheThirdgenerationcomputerwereused……………………..forcircuitry.a)VaccumTube b)Transistor c)IntegratedCircuit d)Microprocessor

18. Thefourthgenerationcomputerwereused…………….circuitry.a)Transistor b)IntegratedCircuit c)VaccumTube d)MicroProcessor

1.INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTERS

OneMark


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19. …………….Generation computerswill come close to bridging the gap between computingandthinking.a)First b)Third c)Fourth d)Fifth

20. TheexpansionofUNIVACa)UniqueAutomaticComputer b)UniversalAutomaticComputerc)UniversalAudioComputer d)UnifiedAutoComputer

21. TheexpansionofENIACa)ElectricalNumericalIntegratorAndCalculatorb)ElectricNumberIntegrationAndCalculatorc)ElectronicNumericalIntegratorAndCalculatord)ElectronicNumberInterAndCalculator

22. ………..Generationcomputerscouldsolveonlyoneproblematatime.a)Second b)Third c)Fifth d)First

23. ……………..Generationcomputersoperatedonlyonmachinelanguage.a)Fifth b)Second c)First d)Fourth

24. ………….Generationcomputersusedforpunchedcardforinputandprintoutforoutput.a)First b)Second c)BothA&B d)Fifth

25. …………….referstothephysicalitemsassociatedwithacomputersystem.a)Humanware b)Software c)Hardware d)Program

26. Thehardwaredevicesattachedtothecomputerarecalledas……………….equipment.a)Peripheral b)Hardware c)software d)Algorithm

27. …………..referstoprogramsthatmakethecomputertodosomething.a)Humanware b)Software c)Hardware d)Program

28. Softwarecanbeclassifiedinto……………..categories.a)Two b)Three c)Four d)Five

29. An………………….is an integrated set of specialized programs that is used to manage theoveralloperationsofcomputer.a)ApplicationSoftware b)OperatingSystemc)Program d)Algorithm

30. The…………………translatesthewholesourceprogramintoanobjectprogram.a)Software b)Humanware c)Compiler d)Hardware

31. …………………allowsuserstoquicklyandefficientlystore,organize,retrieve,communicateandmanagelargeamountsofinformation.a)WordProcessors b)DataBaseManagementSystemc)Spreadsheet d)WordStar

32. ………………..computersareusefulinsolvingdifferentialequationandintegration.a)Supercomputerb)MiniComputerc)MicroComputerd)MainframeComputer

33. Thedigitalcomputersareclassifiedinto…………….types.a)3 b)4 c)5 d)2

34. ……………….istheplannedstep‐by‐stepinstructionrequiredtoturndataintoinformation.a)Hardware b)software c)Program d)Virus


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35. ……………isdefinedasastep‐by‐stepprocedureorformulaforsolvingaproblem.a)Program b)Algorithm c)Software d)Hardware

36. …………………….istherawmaterialthatisgiventoacomputerforprocessing.a)Information b)Program c)Data d)Number

37. ……………..computeracceptshandwritteninputonascreen.a)PDA b)ADP c)DAP d)PAD

38. Pen‐Basedcomputersarecalledas……….a)ProgramDigitalAssistant b)PersonalDigitalAssistantc)PersonalDigitalAlgorithm d)ProgramDigitalAssistant

39. PCrefersto………………….a)ProgramComputer b)PersonComputerc)PersonalCalculation d)PersonalComputer

40. PDAmeans………………a)ProgramDigitalAssistant b)PersonalDigitalAssistantc)PersonalDigitalAlgorithm d)ProgramDigitalAssistant

41. ………………..softwareallowstocreate,edit,format,storeandprinttextandgraphics.a)Spreadsheet b)NotePad c)WordProcessor d)Database

42. Thewordcomputingmeans…………….a)Actofcalculating b)ActofDrawing c)Actofprinting d)noneofthese

43. Acomputersystemhas………………majorcomponents.a)Three b)Four c)Two d)Five

44. Acomputersystemhas……………and…….……majorcomponents.a)Software,Hardware b)Input,Output c)CPU,Printer d)Noneofthese

45. ………………….servesastheinterfacebetweenhardwareandtheuser.a)SystemSoftware b)Software c)Hardware d)Program

46. ………………..computersprocessbillionsofinstructionspersecond.a)MiniComputers b)MicroComputerc)SuperComputerd)MainframeComputer

47. ……………..computershundredsofmillioninstructionspersecond.a)SuperComputerb)MainframeComputerc)MiniComputerd)MicroComputer

48. Theprocessingisperformedby…………….a)Software b)Humanware c)Program d)Hardware


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ImportantQuestionsandAnswers1. Whatiscomputer?

Acomputerisaelectronicmachine.Itperformbasicoperationslikeaddition,subtraction,multiplication,divisionetc.

2. WhatisthenameofthemachinedevelopedbycharlesBabbage?TheDifferenceEnginewasbuiltbyCharlesBabbage.

3. Whataretheperipheraldevices?The hardware devices attached to the computer are called peripheral devices.Itincludesallinput,outputandsecondarystoragedevices.

4. DefineData?Data is defined as un‐processed collection of raw facts in a manner suitable forcommunication,interpretationorprocessing.

5. DefineInformation?Information isa collectionof facts fromwhichconclusionsmaybedrawn.Data thathasbeeninterpreted,translatedtorevealtheunderlyingmeaning.

6. Whatdoyoumeanbyanalgorithm?Algorithmisdefinedasastep‐by‐stepprocedureorformulaforsolvingaproblem.

[Or]Algorithmisasetofinstructionsorproceduresforsolvingaproblem.

7. Whatisawordprocessorsoftware?Wordprocessorsoftwarewhichhasthesamefunctionasatypewriterforwritingletters,preparingreportsandprinting.Ex:MS‐Word,WordStar.

8. Whatisanoperatingsystem?Anoperatingsystem isan integratedsetofspecializedprogramsthat isused tomanagetheoveralloperationsofacomputer.

9. Whatisananalogcomputingsystem?Analogcomputingisacomputingdevicethatworksoncontinuousrangeofvalues.Itgenerallydealswithphysicalvariablessuchasvoltage,pressure,temperature,etc.

10. Whatisalap‐topcomputer?Laptopcomputersareportablecomputersthatfitinabriefcase.Itisalsocalledasnetworkcomputersarewonderfullyportableandpopularwithtravelerswhoneedacomputerthatcangowiththem.

Two Marks and Three Marks


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ExtraQuestionsandAnswers11. Whatissoftware?

Softwarereferstoaprogramthatmakesthecomputertodosomethingmeaningful.12. Whatarethetypesofsoftware?

Softwareareclassifiedastwotypestheyare1.SystemSoftware2.Applicationsoftware

13. Whatisapplicationsoftware?Anapplicationsoftwareconsistsofprogramsdesignedtosolveuserproblem.

14. Whatiscompilersoftware?Thecompilersoftwaretranslatesthesourceprogramintoanobjectprogram.

15. Whatissystemsoftware?System software consists of general programs written for computer. System softwareserveastheinterfacebetweenhardwareandtheuser.

16. Whatisprogram?Acomputerprogramisdesignedtosystematicallysolveaproblem.

17. WhatisHardware?ThetermofHardwarereferstoallthephysicalitemsassociatedwithacomputersystem.

18. Whatarethetypesofcomputers?Therearethreetypesofcomputer.1.Analogcomputer 2.Digitalcomputer 3.Hybridcomputer

19. WhatisDigitalcomputingsystem? A digital computer operates on digital data such as numbers. It uses binary number

systeminwhichtheyareonlytwodigits0and1.Eachoneiscalledabit. Thedigitalcomputerisdesignedusingdigitalcircuitsinwhichtherearetwolevelsfor

aninputoroutputsignal.Thesetwolevelareknownaslogic0andlogic1. Digitalcomputercangivetheresultswithmoreaccuracyandatafasterrate.

20. WhatisHybridcomputingsystem?Ahybridcomputingisacombinationofdesirablefeaturesofanaloganddigitalcomputers.Itismostlyusedforautomaticoperationsofcomplicatedphysicalprocessesandmachines.


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FiveMarks1. Discuss thevarious computer generationsalongwithkey characteristicsof theComputerofeachgeneration?FirstGeneration:1940‐1956(VacuumTubes)1. ThefirstGenerationofcomputersusedvacuumtubesforcircuitryandmagneticdrumsfor

memory.2. Theywerelargeinsize,occupiedalotofmemoryspaceandproducedenormousheat.3. Theywereveryexpensivetooperateandconsumedlargeamountofelectricity.4. First generation computers operated only on Machine language. Input was based on

punchedcardsandoutputwasdisplayedonprintouts.5. FirstGenerationComputercouldsolveonlyoneproblematatime.

Example:UNIVAC‐UniversalAutomaticComputerENIAC‐ElectronicNumericalIntegratorAndCalculator

SecondGeneration:1956‐1963(Transistors)1. The Second generation of computers witnessed the vacuum tubes being replaced by

transistors.2. The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to become

smaller,faster,cheaper,energy‐efficientandmorereliable.3. The transistor also generated considerableheat that sometimes caused the computer to

malfunction.Butitwasveryimprovementoverthevacuumtube.4. 2ndGenerationcomputersusedpunchedcardsforinputandprintoutforoutput.5. HighlevellanguagesuchasCOBOL,FORTRANwasdevelopedatthistime.6. ThecomputersstoredtheirinstructionsintheirmemorylikemagneticcoretechnologyThirdGeneration:1964‐1971(IntegratedCircuit)1. The development of the integrated circuit left its mark in the third generation of

computers.2. Transistors were made smaller in size and placed on silicon chips which dramatically

increasedthespeedandefficiencyofcomputers.3. Inthisgeneration,keyboardsandmonitorswereinsteadofpunchedcardsandprintout4. The computerswere interfacedwith an operating systemwhich allowed to solvemany

problemsatatime.FourthGeneration:1971‐Present(MicroProcessor)1. The microprocessor brought fourth generation of computers as thousand of integrated

circuitswerebuiltontoasinglesiliconchip.2. As these small computersbecamemorepowerful, theycouldbe linked together to form

networks,whicheventuallyledtothedevelopmentoftheinternet.FifthGeneration:PresenttoBeyond(MicroProcessor)1. Itisbasedonartificialintelligence,arestillintheirdevelopmentstage.2. Fifth generation computerswill come close tobridging the gapbetween computing and

thinking.


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2. WhatistherelationshipbetweensoftwareandHardware?

Software

Hardware

1. Softwareisasetofinstructionsthattellsa

computerwhattodo.

2. Software cannot be executed withouthardware.

3. Softwarecannotbetouched.

4. Softwareisdebuggedincaseofproblem

5. Softwareisreinstallediftheproblemisnotsolved.

6. Ex:Paint,Calculator,MS‐Word,WindowsXp

1. Hardware is physical parts of computerthatcauseprocessingdata.

2. Hardwarecannotperformanytaskwithoutsoftware.

3. Hardwarecanbeseenandtouched.

4. Hardwareisrepairedincaseofproblem.

5. Hardwareisreplacediftheproblemisnotsolved.

6. Ex:RAM,Harddisk,Printer

[OR]

RelationshipbetweenHardwareandsoftware:1. Hardwareandsoftwarearemutuallydependent.Bothofthemmustworktogetherto

makecomputerproduceausefuloutput.

2. Softwarecannotbeutilizedwithoutsupportinghardware.

3. Hardwarecannotbeperformanytaskwithoutsupportingsoftware.

4. Hardwareisonetimeexpense.

5. Softwaredevelopmentisveryexpensiveandisacontinuingexpense.

6. Differentsoftwarecanbeloadedonahardwaretorundifferentjobs.

7. Asoftwareactsasaninterfacebetweentheuserandthehardware.

8. Ifhardwareistheheartofacomputersystem,thensoftwareisitssoul.


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3. WriteinDetailaboutcomputersoftwareandtheircategories?Software:Softwareisasetofinstructionsthattellsacomputerwhattodo.Itistheplanned,stepbystepinstructionsrequiredtoturndataintoinformation.Softwarecanbeclassifiedintotwotypes.1. Systemsoftware2. Applicationsoftware1.SystemSoftware:

1. System software consists of general programs written for a computer. Theseprogramprovidetheenvironmenttoruntheapplicationprograms.

2. Systemsoftwareservesastheinterfacebetweenhardwareandtheuser.3. Example:OperatingSystemandCompiler.

OperatingSystem:1. It ismost important of the system software. It is an integrated set of specialized

programsthatisusedtomanagetheoveralloperationsofcomputer.2. Itactslikeaninterfacebetweenuser,computerhardwareandsoftware.3. Everycomputermusthaveanoperatingsystemtorunotherprograms.4. Ex:DOS,Unix,LinuxandWindowsXP

Compiler:1. Thecompilersoftwaretranslatesthesourceprogramintoanobjectprogram.2. The utility programs support the computer for specific tasks like file copying,

sorting,linkingaobjectprogram,etc,3. Ex:C,C++Compiler.

2.ApplicationSoftware:1. Anapplicationsoftwareconsistsofprogramsdesignedtosolveauserproblem.2. Itisusedforendusers.3. Example:Paint,Calculator,Railwayreservation,gameprograms,wordprocessor4. Oneofthemostcommonlyusedsoftwarepackageiswordprocessingsoftware.Itis

usedtocreatetextdocuments.

Source Program

Compiler

Object Program

Application software

System software

Hardware


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4. Discuss the important features and uses ofmicro,mini,mainframe and supercomputer?1. Micro Computer

1. The invention of micro processor gave birth to the micro computers. 2. They are several times cheaper than mini computers. 3. The micro computers are further classified into workstation, personal computer, laptop and

smaller computers. 2. Mini Computer

1. The mini computers were developed with objective of bringing out low cost computers. 2. They are lower to mainframe computers in terms of speed and storage capacity. 3. Some features which were handled by hardware in mainframe computer were done by

software in mini computers. 4. Its low cost than mainframe computer.

3. Mainframe Computer 1. It is processing data at very high speed-hundreds of million instructions per second. 2. It is large in size. These system are also very expensive. 3. They are used to process large amount of data quickly. 4. It is used in Banks, Airlines and Railway Reservation systems, aerospace companies doing

complex aircraft design, etc. 4. Super Computer

1. Super computers process billions of instructions per second. 2. It’s very fast and more cost. 3. It is used to solve intensive numerical computations. 4. It is used in stock analysis, special effects for movies, weather forecasting, etc


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1. Thetermbitstandsfor…………….a)BinaryDigit b)UnaryDigit c)TernaryDigit d)Noneofthese

2. TheradixofanOctalsystemis……………a)16 b)2 c)8 d)10

3. TheradixofanHexadecimalsystemis………………a)10 b)2 c)8 d)16

4. Therangeunsignedinann‐bitsystemisfrom…………to…………….a)‐128to+127 b)0to255 c)‐126to+127 d)0to655356

5. ThesynonymsforLSB……………..a)LastSignBit b)LeastSignificantBit c)LastSignificantBitd)Noneofthese

6. ThesynonymsforMSB……………..a)MoreSignificantBit b)MostSignatureBitc)MightSignificantBit d)MostSignificantBit

7. Inbinaryaddition,theoperandsare…………..and……………….a)Sum,Carry b)sum,values c)Vaues,Carry d)Noneofthese

8. Inbinarysubtraction,theoperandsare……………and…………..a)Sum,Carry b)sum,values c)Vaues,Carry d)Noneofthese

9. Inbinaryrepresentationofthedecimalnumber5864is…………a)1000011101000b) 1011011101110c) 1011011101111 d) 1011011101000

10. InOctalrepresentationofthedecimalnumber5864is…………a)13349 b)13350 c)13350 d)11352

11. InHexadecimalrepresentationofthedecimalnumber5864is…………a)16F8 b)16E8 c)16B8 d)16C8

12. The2’scomplementof0is…………….a)00000000 b)10000000 c)10000001 d)00000001

13. Thearithmeticoperationsinadigitalcomputerareperformedusingtheradix….and……a)1and2 b)0and1 c)2and3 d)8and6

14. Onebyteisequalto……….numberofbits.a)16 b)32 c)4 d)8

15. Onemillionbytesarereferredas……………..a)1KiloByte b)1GigaByte c)1MegaByte d)1TerraByte

16. 1Kilobyteisequalto………….bytesa)25 b)210 c)215 d)220

17. Onebillionbytesarereferredas……………….a)1GigaByte b)1MegaByte c)1TerraByte d)1KiloByte

18. Thenumber68has………….binarydigitsinitsbinaryequivalent.a)1011011 b)1000000 c)10101011 d)11101010

2.NUMBERSYSTEMSOne Mark


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19. A+A=………………………….a)0 b)A c)1 d)A

20. A.A=…………………………..a)0 b)A c)1 d)A

21. A+A=…………………………a)1 b)0 c)A d)11

22. A.A=…………………………..a)1 b)0 c)A d)10

23. A+1=………………………….a)0 b)A c)A d)1

24. A+0=………………………….a)0 b)A c)1 d)A


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1. Write‐2710asan8‐bit2’scomplementnumber.Ans:27equivalentBinarynumberis11011

00011011

Inverseallzerotoone,onetozero

11100100 111100101(‐27)

2. Addthesignednumber+1510and+3610.Writetheoperandsandthesumas8‐bitbinarynumbers.15equivalentBinarynumber111136equivalentBinarynumber100100 1111 100100 (+) 100011

3. Writethelargestpositiveandnegativenumbersforan8‐bitsignednumberindecimaland2’scomplementnotation.LargestPositivenumberin8‐Bit 01111111LargestNegativenumberin8‐bit 10000000

4. Dothefollowingsignedbinaryarithmeticoperations.a) 1010+1510

1010 (10)1111 (15)

11001 (25)

b) ‐1210+510 11110100 (‐12)00000101 (+5)11111001 (‐7)

c) 1410‐1210

00001110 (14)

11110100 (‐12) 00000010 (+2)


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d)(‐210)‐(‐610) 1110 (‐2) 1010 (+6) 0100 (+4)

5. Convertthefollowingbinarynumbersintodecimalnumbers.a) 10112

b) 1011102

6. Convertthefollowingbinarynumbersintohexadecimalnumbers.a) 10101101101

01010110110156D

b) 101011111001011

010101111100101157CB

c) 1001001101111010100010010011011110101024DEA

0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 10 0 1 0 20 0 1 1 30 1 0 0 40 1 0 1 50 1 1 0 60 1 1 1 71 0 0 0 81 0 0 1 91 0 1 0 A1 0 1 1 B1 1 0 0 C1 1 0 1 D1 1 1 0 E1 1 1 1 F


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1. AComputersystemistheinterpretationofphysicalentitiesiscalledas…………………a)Software b)Humanware c)Hardware d)Program

2. A Computer system is the interpretation of non‐physical entities is calledas…………………a)Program b)Software c)Hardware d)Humanware

3. Thecomputeruses………………devicestoacceptthedataandprogram.a)Output b)Input c)CPU d)ALU

4. CPUstandsfor…………………a)ControlProcessingUnit b)CentralProcessingUnitc)CommonProcessingUnit d)ComputerProcessingUnit

5. ALUstandsfor…………………a)AlgorithmLogicUnit b)AlphanumericLogicUnit c)ACCUMLogicUnit d)ArithmeticLogicUnit

6. RAMstandsfor…………………a)ReadOnlyMemory b)RadioAccessMemoryc)RatioAccessMemory d)RandomAccessMemory

7. ROMstandsfor…………………a)ReadOnlyMemory b)RadioAccessMemoryc)RatioAccessMemory d)RandomAccessMemory

8. PROMstandsfor…………………a)ProtectReadOnlyMemory b)ProgrammableRandomAccessMemoryc)ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory d)ProgramReadOnlyMemory

9. EPROMstandsfor…………………a)ElectronicProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryb)ElectricallyProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryc)EvaluateProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryd)ErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

10. EEPROMstandsfor…………………a)ErasableElectronicProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryb)ElectricallyErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryc)EvaluateErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemoryd)ErasableEvaluateProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

11. Thestoredprogramconceptisconceivedby………………..a)CharlesBabbage b)JohnVonNeuman c)TennisRitchie d)JohnNapier

3.COMPUTERORGANIZATION

One Marks


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12. Mainmemoryisalsoknownas………………….memory.a)RAM b)Harddisk c)ROM d)PROM

13. Theperformanceofthememoryisdefinedby…………..…….timeand………………….time.a)Read,write b)cut,copy c)paste,Edit d)Access,Delete

14. …………………isthememorythatsupplementsthemainmemory.a)PrimaryMemory b)SecondaryMemory c)ROM d)PROM

15. ……………ispopularinputdeviceforGUIapplication.a)Mouse b)MICR c)LightPen d)Keyboard

16. …………………isaninputdevicemainlyusedtocapturetheimages.a)Mouse b)TouchSensitiveScreen c)Scanner d)DigitalCamera

17. Monitorisacommonlyusedoutputunit,sometimescalledas…………………a)TV b)DisplayScreen c)Projector d)Noneofthese

18. Thesmallestdotthatcanbedisplayedonthemonitoriscalleda…………….a)Inches b)dots c)Pixel d)Noneofthese

19. ………………isthebrainofthecomputer.a)ALU b)Input c)Output d)CPU

20. ……………………..isthesimilartoCalculator.a)CPU b)ControlUnit c)Output d)Storage

21. TheCPUhas……………………mainparts.a)Two b)Three c)Four d)Five

22. Betweentwocomponentsofthecomputersystem,thereisapathwaycalleda……………a)Star b)Ring c)Bus d)Noneofthese

23. InCPUwheretheactualcomputationtakeplace………………..a)ControlUnit b)MemoryUnit c)ArithmeticLogicUnitd)Noneofthese

24. The…………………..directandcontroltheactivitiesofthecomputersystem.a)MemoryUnit b)ArithmeticLogicUnit c)ControlUnit d)Noneofthese

25. ………………….is high speed memories which hold data for immediate processing andresultsoftheprocessing.a)ALU b)CPU c)ROM d)Registers

26. TheCPUissimilarto…………………….a)Abacus b)Calculator c)Paint d)WordPad

27. Themainmemoryisusuallycalledas……………a)PhysicalMemory b)ROM c)PROM d)EPROM

28. ………………….usuallyreferstothemainmemory.a)Memory b)CD c)DVD d)Pendrive

29. Inwhichofthefollowingisvolatilememory?a)ROM b)PROM c)RAM d)EPROM

30. Inwhichofthefollowingisnon‐volatilememory?a)ROM b)EEPROM c)EPROM d)Allofthese


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31. ………………..instructiontransfersinformationfromotherdeviceintomemory.a)Copy b)Read c)Edit d)Write

32. …………………….instructiontransfersinformationfromthememorytootherdevices.a)Write b)Edit c)Copy d)Read

33. Thesmallestunitofinformationisasingledigitcalleda…………………a)Byte b)MegaByte c)GigaByte d)Bit

34. Themostcommonlyusedinputdeviceis…………….….a)Mouse b)Keyboard c)LightPen d)CardReader

35. Themostcommonlyusedoutputdeviceis………………………a)Monitor b)Speaker c)Printer d)Plotter

36. ………….isaninputdevicethatcontrolsthemovementofthecursorondisplayscreen.a)Keyboard b)MICR c)Scanner d)Mouse

37. ………………is an input device that allows information such as an image or text to beinputintoacomputer.a)Lightpen b)DigitalCamera c)Keyboard d)Scanner

38. …………………….scanstheinformationonthebarcodesandtransmittothecomputerforfurtherprocessing.a)DigitalCamera b)Scanner c)BarCodeReader d)Mouse

39. ………………isaninputdevicemainlyusedtocaptureimages.a)Lightpen b)DigitalCamera c)Keyboard d)Scanner

40. ………………isapointingdevice thatenables theuser to interactwith thecomputerbytouchingthescreen.a)TouchSensitiveScreen b)DigitalCamera c)Keyboard d)Scanner

41. ………………isaninputdevicewhichreadsamagneticstriponacard.a)OCR b)MICR c)OMR d)MagneticReader

42. ……………….is a input device that captures natural handwritten on any surface onto acomputer.a)Microphone b)SmartCards c)NotesTaker d)OCR

43. …………………servesasavoiceinput.a)DigitalCamera b)Mouse c)Keyboard d)MicroPhone

44. ……………………..printersthatprintsbystrikinganinkribbon.a)Non‐Impact b)Impact c)Plotters d)Noneofthese

45. ……………………printersthatprintingheadsdonotstrikethepaper.a)Plotter b)Non‐Impact c)Impact d)Noneofthese

46. ………………………printersareverynoisy.a)Impact b)Plotters c)Non‐Impact d)Allofthese

47. …………………….isusedtoproducegraphicaloutput.a)Non‐Impact b)Impact c)Plotters d)Noneofthese


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48. ………………….isadirect–accessstoragemedium.a)CD b)DVD c)MemoryCard d)HardDisk

49. …………………….printercanprint150linesto3000linesperminute.a)LaserPrinter b)ThermalPrinter c)LinePrinter d)DotMatrix

50. ……………….……printercanprint300characterspersecond.a)LaserPrinter b)ThermalPrinter c)LinePrinter d)DotMatrix

51. …………………isoutputdeviceserveasavoiceoutput.a)Printer b)Plotter c)Monitor d)Speaker


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1. Howarethehumanbeingandthecomputersarerelated?Computers are often compared to humanbeings since bothhave the ability to

accept data, store, work it, retrieve and provide information. Themain difference isHuman beings also think and own control. But Computer requires a program toperformanytask.

2. Whatarethecomponentsofthedigitalcomputer?A computer system is include of Hardware and Software. Hardware includes

input, output, processor and storage devices. The Software items are programs andoperatingaidessothatthecomputercanprocessthedata.

3. Whatarethefunctionalunitsofcomputersystem?1. InputUnit2. OutputUnit3. CentralProcessingUnit4. MemoryUnit

4. Writetheessentialofthestoredprogramconcept.1. Theprogramanddataarestoredinmainmemory.2. Onceaprogramisinmainmemory,thecomputercanexecuteitautomatically.3. Thecontrolunitfetchesandexecutestheinstructioninsequenceonebyone.

5. Writethemainfunctionsofthecentralprocessingunit.TheCPUisthebrainofthecomputer.TheMainfunctionsofCPUis1. Co‐ordinateallcomputeroperations2. Performarithmeticandlogicaloperationsondata.

6. Whatarethedifferenttypesofmainmemory?1. RAM2. ROM3. PROM4. EPROM5. EEPROM

7. Definememoryreadandmemorywriteoperations.Awriteinstructionstransferinformationfromotherdevicetomemory.Areadinstructionstransferinformationfromthememorytootherdevices.

8. Whatdoyoumeanbymemoryaccesstime?theaveragetimerequiredtoreachastoragelocationandobtainitscontentsisMemorycalleditsaccesstime.

Two Marks & Three Marks


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9. WhatistheadvantageofEEPROMoverEPROM?EEPROM does not require ultraviolet light to erase its contents. It can be erased byexposing it to an electrical charge. But EPROM require ultraviolet light to erase itscontents.

10. WhenwedouseROM?ROM‐ReadOnlyMemory.WhenweswitchonthecomputerthecontentoftheROMisloadedintothemainmemorythatbootsthecomputer.

11. Whatisaninputdevice?Aninputdeviceisusedtofeedthedataintothecomputer.Ex:MouseandKeyboard

12. Whatisanoutputdevice?Anoutputdeviceiscapableofpresentinginformationfromthecomputer.Ex:MonitorandPrinter

13. ListfewcommonlyusedInputdevices.Mouse, Keyboard, Scanner, Bar Code Reader, Digital Camera, Touch SensitiveScreen, MICR, OCR, OMR, Light Pen, Magnetic Reader, Smart Cards, Notes Taker,Microphone.

14. ListfewcommonlyusedOutputdevices.Monitor,Printer,Speakers,Plotters.

15. ListfewcommonlyusedStoragedevices.Harddisk,Magnetictape,Floppydisk,Opticaldisk.

16. Whatisanstoragedevice?An storage devices is used to store the data and program for temporary orpermanently.Ex:RAM,Harddisk

17. WhatistheRoleofALU?TheALUis thecomputercalculator. Itexecutesthearithmeticand logicaloperations.Arithmeticoperationsareincludeaddition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision.LogicaloperationsincludesAND,OR,NOT.

18. Whatisacontrolunit?Control unit controls all the hardware operations that is input units, output units,memoryunitsandtheprocessor.

19. WhatareRegisters?While performing arithmetic operations the ALU takes data from the temporarymemory area inside the CPU namedRegisters. They are high‐speedmemories holddataforimmediateprocessingandresultsoftheprocessing.

20. WhatisaBus?Betweenanytwocomponentsofthecomputersystem,thereisapathwaycalledasBuswhichallowsthedatatransferbetweenthem.


31


1. DescribeindetailthevariousunitsoftheCentralProcessingUnit.

CPUisthebrainofthecomputersystem.CPUhasthreemainparts.CPUhasthreemain

parts.Theyare

1. ALU

2. ControlUnit

3. Registers

ALU‐ArithmeticLogicUnit:

TheALUispartoftheCPUwhereactualcomputationstakeplace.Itconsistsofcircuit

whichperformarithmeticoperationsandlogicaloperationsoverdatareceivedfrom

memoryandarecapableofcomparingtwonumbers.

ControlUnit:

Control unit controls all the hardware operations that is input units, output units,

memory unit and the processor. The instructions and data are stored in the main

memorysothattheprocessorcandirectlyfetchandexecutethem.

Registers:

While performing computation operations the ALU takes data from the temporary

storagearea inside theCPUnamedRegisters.Theyarehighspeed memorieswhich

holddataforimmediateprocessingandresultsoftheprocessing.

Five Marks

Central Processing Unit

Control Unit Arithmetic and

Logic Unit

Registers


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2. ExplaintheworkingprincipleofCPUwithanexample.TheCPUissimilar toaCalculatorbutmuchmorepowerful.Themain functionof theCPU is to perform arithmetic and logical operations on data taken from the mainmemory.Example:i) Inputthevalueofaii) Inputthevalueofbiii) Sum=a+biv) Outputthevalueofsum

Theaboveprogramacceptstwovaluesfromthekeyboard,sumsitanddisplays

theresultonthemonitor.

1. The control unit recognizes that the program has been loaded into the main

memory.Thenitbeginstoexecutetheprograminstructionsonebyonesequential

manner.

2. Thecontrolunitsignalstheinputdevicetoaccepttheinputforthevariable‘a’.the

userenterthevalueof‘a’onthekeyboard.

3. The control unit recognizes and enables to route the data of the predefined

memorylocation.

4. Thesteps2to3willberepeatedforthesecondinput‘b’.Thevalueof‘b’storedin

thememorylocation.

5. Beforeexecutingthearithmeticoperation,thecontrolunitenablestosendacopy

ofthevaluesstoredinaddressof‘a’andaddressof‘b’totheinternalregisterofthe

ALUandsignalstheALUtoperformthesumoperation.

6. TheALUperform the addition.After the computation the control unit enables to

sendthecoyoftheresultbacktothemainmemory.

7. Finallytheresultisdisplayedonthemonitor.

8. Nowthisprogramexecutioniscomplete.


33



34


3. BrieflyvarioustypesofMemory.Therearedifferenttypesofmemory.Theyare

1. RAM‐RandomAccessMemory

2. ROM‐ReadOnlyMemory

3. PROM‐ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

4. EPROM‐ErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

5. EEPROM‐ElectricallyErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

1. RAM‐RandomAccessMemory

RAM is themostcommon typeofmemory found in themoderncomputer.This is

really the main store and is the place where the program gets stored.When we

switchoffthecomputer,whateverisstoredintheRAMgetserased.Itisavolatile

memory.

2. ROM‐ReadOnlyMemory

In ROM, the information is burnt into the Rom chip atmanufacturing time. Once

datahasbeenwrittenintoaRomchip,itcannotbeerasedbutyoucanreadit.ROM

stores critical programs such as the program that boots the computer. It is

non‐volatilememory.

3. PROM‐ProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

PROM is a memory on which data can be written only once. The data can be

programmedusingPROMburner.Itisnon‐volatilememory.

4. EPROM‐ErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

InEPROMtheinformationcanbeerasedandreprogrammedusingaspecialPROM‐

Burner.Theinformationcanbeerasedbyusingultraviolet light. It isnon‐volatile

memory.

5. EEPROM‐ElectricallyErasableProgrammableReadOnlyMemory

In EEPROM does not require ultraviolet light to erase the its content. It can be

erasedbyexposingittoanelectricalcharge.Itisnon‐volatilememory.


35


4. Writedetailaboutafewcommonlyusedinputdevices.Aninputdeviceisusedtofeeddataintothecomputer.

1. Mouse

Mouse isan inputdevice that controls themovementof thecursoron thedisplay

screen.Mouseisasmalldeviceyoucanrollalongaflatsurface.Singleclickisused

toselecttheoption.Doubleclickusedtoopentheapplication.

2. KeyBoard

The most common input device is the keyboard. Key board consists of a set of

typewriter like keys that enable you to enter data into a computer. They have

alphabetic keys numeric keys and etc. The keyboard detects the key pressed and

generatesthecorrespondingASCIIcodeswhichcanberecognizedbythecomputer.

3. DigitalCamera

The digital camera is an input devicemainly used to capture images. The digital

camera takes a still photograph stores it and sends it as digital input to the

computer.

4. NotesTaker

Notes takes is a device captures natural handwriting on any surface onto a

computer. Usingaelectronicpen,thenotestakernotesthememosordrawingon

thecomputerandstoreit.

5. MicroPhone

Microphoneserveasavoiceinputdevice.Itcapturesthevoicedataandinputtothe

computer.


36


5. Writedetailaboutafewcommonlyusedoutputdevices.Anoutputdeviceiscapableofpresentinginformationfromacomputer.1. Monitor

Monitor is a commonly output device, sometimes called as display screen. It

provides a visual display of data.Monitors are connectedwith the computer and

similarinappearancetoatelevisionset.

2. Printer

Printer is anoutputdevice that prints text or imageonpaper or othermedia.By

printingwecancreatea“HardCopy”.Printersaretwotypes.Theyare

1.ImpactPrinter

Impactprintersincludesallprintersthatprintbystrikinganinkribbon.

2.NonImpactPrinter

Non‐Impact printer are much quieter than impact printers as their printing

headsdonotstrikethepaper.

3. Speaker

The computer can also give produce the voice output. Speaker serve as a voice

outputdevice.Voiceoutputhasbecomeverycommoninmanyplaceslikeairlines,

banksandetc.

4. Plotters

Plottersarealsousedtoproducegraphicaloutput.Itdrawspicture


37


6. WhatarethecharacteristicsofImpactprinter?CharacteristicsofImpactprinter:1. Inimpactprinters,thereisphysicalcontactwiththepapertoproduceanimage.

2. Duetobeingrobustandlowcost,theyareusefulforbulkprinting.

3. Impactprintersareidealforprintingmultiplecopies.Becausetheycaneasilyprint

throughmanylayersofpaper.

4. Duetoitsstrikingactivity,impactprintersareverynoisy.

5. Sincetheyaremechanicalinnature,theytendtobeslow.

6. Impactprintersdonotsupporttransparencies.

7. WhatarethecharacteristicsofNon‐Impactprinter?1. Non‐Impactprinterarefasterthanimpactprinterbecausetheyhavefewermoving

parts.

2. Theyarequitthanimpactprintersbecausethereisnostrikingmechanisminvolved

3. Theposestheabilitytochangetypefacesautomatically.

4. Theseprintersproducehigh‐qualitygraphics.

5. Theseprinterssupportsthetransparencies.

6. Theprinterscannotprintmultiplecopiesatthesametime.


38


1. A………………..isanelementarybuildingblockofadigitallogiccircuit.a)ANDgate b)ORgate c)NOTGate d)LogicGate

2. InANDgatetheoutputis…………………..whenbothinputsare‘true’.a)False b)True c)Correct d)Incorrect

3. InORgatetheoutputis…………………..whenbothinputsare‘false’.a)True b)Correct c)False d)incorrect

4. TheNANDgateoperatesasanANDgatefollowedbya………………….gate.a)AND b)OR c)NOT d)NAND

5. The………………..gatecircuitisanORgatefollowedbyaninverter.a)NOR b)NAND c)AND d)OR

6. ……………and…………….gatesarecalledasuniversalgates.a)AND,NOT b)AND,OR c)NAND,NOR d)OR,NOT

7. ……………………gatesarecalledfundamentalgates.a)AND,OR,NOT b)NAND,NOR c)XOR,XNOR d)BubbledAND

8. Aunitthataddstwobinarydigitsiscalledas……………..a)FullAdder b)Flipflop c)HalfAdder d)NAND

9. Aunitthataddsthreebinarydigitsiscalledas……………a)NOR b)HalfAdder c)FlipFlop d)FullAdder

10. Afulladdercanbeconstructedfromtwo………………..gateand…………….gate.a)FullAdder,ORGate b)AND,OR c)NAND,NOR d)AND,NOT

11. Asimpleflipflophas…………….stablestates.a)3 b)4 c)5 d)2

12. …………………gateiscalledaslogicalinverter,hasonlyoneinput.a)AND b)OR c)NOT d)NAND

13. ………………….gateproducethesameoutputasaNORgate.a)NOT b)OR c)BubbledAND d)NAND

14. ………………….gateproducethesameoutputasaNANDgate.a)BubbledOR b)AND c)NAND d)XNOR

15. ……………isacircuitwhichiscapableofrememberingthevaluewhichisgivenasinput.a)HalfAdder b)FullAdder c)FlipFlop d)NAND

16. ……………isaelectronicworkbenchwhichisusedfordesignandanalysisofcircuits.a)Sim b)MultiSim c)Cultism d)Paint

17. ……………isasimulationtoolforelectroniccircuits.a)Paint b)MS‐Word c)WindowXP d)ElectronicWorkbench

4.WORKINGPRINCIPLEOFDIGITALLOGIC

One Marks


39


18. A fillip‐flop circuit can be constructed using either two……………………...gatesortwo………………gates.a)AND,OR b)NOT,AND c)NAND,NOR d)AND,NOT

19. A………………………sequential circuit isa systemwhoseoutput canbedefined from itsinputsatdiscreteinstantoftime.a)Synchronous b)Combinational c)Sequential d)Noneofthese

20. Ifthelogiccircuitoutputsarebasedon,notonlytheinputspresentedatthattime,butalsothepreviousstateoutput,thentheyarecalledas…………………..sequentialcircuit.a)Combinationalb)Sequential c)Asynchronous d)Noneofthese

21. ……………………istheexampleofsequentialcircuit.a)Flip‐flop b)ANDgate c)ORgate d)NOTgate

22. …………………….istheexampleofcombinationalcircuit.a)HalfAdder b)ANDgate c)ORgate d)NOTgate

23. Ifthelogiccircuitoutputsarebasedontheinputspresentedatthattime,thentheyarecalledas……………………..a)Combinationalb)Sequential c)Asynchronous d)Noneofthese


40


1. Whatislogicgate?Alogicgateisanelementarybuildingblockofadigitalcircuit.

2. Listthefundamentallogicalgates.Thefundamentallogicsgatesare1.AND2.OR3.NOT

3. WhyNANDandNORgatesarecalledasuniversalgates?All theBoolean functionscanbeexpressed in termsof the fundamentalgates. In factthe fundamental gates can be expressed in terms of either NAND or NOR gates. SoNANDandNORgatescalledasuniversalgats.

4. HowANDgatecanberealizedusingNORgate?

5. HowORgatecanberealizedusingNANDgate?

6. DrawthelogicANDgateandGivethetruthtableofANDgatesfortwoinputs.



41


7. DrawthelogicORgateandGivethetruthtableofORgatesfortwoinputs.

8. DrawthelogicNOTgateandGivethetruthtableofNOTgatesforoneinput.

9. DrawthelogicNANDgateandGivethetruthtableofNANDgatesfortwoinputs.

10. Listtheotherlogicsgates?1. NAND2. NOR3. XOR4. XNOR


42


11. DrawthelogicNORgateandGivethetruthtableofNORgatesfortwoinputs.

12. DrawthelogicBubbledANDgateandGivethetruthtableofBubbledANDgatesfortwoinputs.


43


13. DrawthelogicBubbledORgateandGivethetruthtableofBubbledORgatesfortwoinputs.

14. DrawthelogicXORgateGivethetruthtableofXORgatesfortwoinputs.


44


15. DrawthelogicXNORgateGivethetruthtableofXNORgatesfortwoinputs.

16. WhatisAdder?The circuit performs addition within the Arithmetic and Logic Unit of the CPU arecalledadders.

17. WhatisHalfAdder?Aunitthataddstwobinarydigitsiscalledahalfadder.

18. WhatisFullAdder?Aunitthataddsthreebinarydigitiscalledafulladder.

19. WhatisFlipFlop?A Flip‐flop is a circuitwhich is capable of remembering the valuewhich is given asinput.

20. WhatiscombinationalCircuit?Ifthelogiccircuitoutputsarebasedontheinputspresentedatthattimethentheyarecalledcombinationalcircuit.

21. WhatisasequentialCircuit?Ifthelogicscircuitoutputsarebasedonnotonlytheinputspresentedatthattime,butalsothepreviousstateoutput,thentheyarecalledsequentialcircuit.


45


1. DeterminethetruthtableforthefollowingBooleanfunctions.E=A+(B.C)+D

Inputs Intermediate Output

A B C DA

B.C D A+(B.C)+D

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1

0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1

0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1

0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1

0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1

0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1

1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1

Five Marks


46


2. ConvertthefollowingtruthtablestoaBooleanequation.

Input Output

A B C D

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1

0 1 0 1

0 1 1 0

1 0 0 1

1 0 1 0

1 1 0 1

1 1 1 0Todothisproblem,wefirstcirclealltherowsinthetruthtablewhichhavebeenanoutputD=1.Wewritethecorrespondingminterm.Thisisillustratedinthetablebelow.

Input OutputMinTerms

A B C D

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1 A.B.C0 1 0 1 A.B.C0 1 1 0

1 0 0 1 A.B.C1 0 1 0

1 1 0 1 A.B.C1 1 1 0

FinallytheBooleanexpressionforDisobtainedbyORingallofthemintermsasfollows

D=(A.B.C)+(A.B.C)+(A.B.C)+(A.B.C)


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3. ConvertthelogiccircuittoaBooleanequation.

HencetheBooleanfunctioncorrespondingtothelogiccircuitcanbewrittenas

D=(A.B)+C

4. RealizetheBooleanfunctiontoalogiccircuit.E=AB+BC+ABC


48


5. Explainthestepsinvolvedindesigningalogiccircuit.Therearemanystepsindesigningalogiccircuit.Step‐1:StatementoftheProblemLetusconsidertwoinputandoneoutput.Theoutputis1ifonlyoneinputis1.Otherwisetheoutputis‘0’.Step‐2:IdentifytheinputsandoutputsItisclearfromthestatementoftheproblemthatweneedtwoinputs,sayAandB,andoneoutputSayC.TheblockdiagramforthissystemisStep‐3:FormulatetruthtableThetruthtableforthisproblemisgivenbelow.Noticethattheoutputis1ifonlyoneinputis1.Otherwisetheoutputis‘0’.Step‐4:ConvertthetruthtabletoaBooleanfunction.Identifythemintermsfortherowsinthetruthtablewhichhaveanoutput‘1’.ByORingtheminterms,weobtaintheBooleanfunctioncorrespondingtothetruthtableas


49


Step‐5:RealizationoftheBooleanfunctionintoaLogicCircuitDiagram

6. Whatarethedifferenttypesoflogicgates?Explainwiththetruthtablesandgive

anexampleforeachgate.TherearethreefundamentallogicgatestheyareAND,OR,NOT,NAND,NOR,XOR,XNOR1. AND

2. OR

3. NOT


50


4. NAND

5. NOR

6. XOR

7. XNOR


51


1. The…………….canaccessthehardwaredirectly.

a)OperatingSystem b)ApplicationSoftware c)DMA d)Noneofthese2. Operatingsystemisthe………………….betweentheuserandthecomputer.

a)communicate b)interface c)bridge d)medium3. Operatingsystemcomesunder………………….software.

a)ApplicationSoftware b)Human c)Program d)SystemSoftware4. The…………………….….isonlymeansbywhichauserinteractswithcomputer.

a)OperatingSystem b)ApplicationSoftware c)DMA d)Noneofthese5. ……………………..isanexampleforsingleuseroperatingsystem.

a)Window b)Linux c)Unix d)MS‐DOS6. Thereare………………typesoperatingsystem.

a)Three b)One c)Two d)Four7. DMAexpansion………………

a)DemoMemoryAccess b)DirectMemoryAccessc)DirectMemoryAcceleration d)DirectMemoAccess

8. GUIexpansion………………..a)GraphicalUserInterface b)GraphUserInterface c)GraphicUserInermdeium d)GreatUserInterface

9. Operatingsystemis…………………….a)SystemSoftware b)Humanware c)ApplicationSoftware d)Noneofthese

10. ……………….takescareoftheprintingworkswiththeprinter.a)Cooling b)Spooling c)booting d)Noneofthese

5.OPERATINGSYSTEM

One Marks


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1. Whowillaccessthecomputerhardwaredirectly?Theoperatingsystemisaccessthecomputerhardwaredirectly.

2. DefineanOperatingSystem(OS)?AnOperatingSystemisaninterfacebetweencomputeruserandcomputerhardware.SomepopularOperatingSystemsincludeLinux,Windows.

3. ExplainthedifferentrolestakenbytheOS? The operating system acts as an interface between the hardware and the programs requestingI/O.Itisthemostfundamentalofallsystemsoftwareprograms.

ResponsibilitiesoftheOSinclude:o Hidingthecomplexitiesofhardwarefromtheuser.o Managing between the hardware's resources which include the processors,

memory,datastorageandI/Odevices.o Handling"interrupts"generatedbytheI/Ocontrollers.o SharingofI/ObetweenmanyprogramsusingtheCPU.

4. Explainthemainfunctionsoftheoperatingsystem.Anoperatingsystemhasthreemainfunctions:1. Manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing

unit,memory,diskdrives,andprinters,2. Establishauserinterface.3. Executeandprovideservicesforapplicationssoftware.

5. WritenoteonUserinterface.Userinterfacemeansbywhichtheuserandacomputersysteminteract, inparticulartheuseofinputdevicesandsoftware.

6. ListoutadvantagesoftheDistributedoperatingSystemovertheNetworkOperatingSystem.Advantagesofdistributedoperatingsystems:‐

1. Givemoreperformancethansinglesystem.2. Betterservicetothecustomer.3. Moreresourcescanbeaddedeasily4. Resourceslikeprinterscanbesharedonmultiplecomputer.

7. NamesomeoftherequiredfeaturesofOperatingSystem.1. UserInterface2. MemoryManagement3. ProcessManagement4. FileManagement

5. SecurityManagement6. FaultTolerance7. ApplicationBase8. DistributedOperatingSystem

8.WritenoteonDMA(DirectMemoryAccss)?DMA mechanism allows transferring the data to and from memory without theinterventionoftheCPU.



53


1. ExplaintheprocessManagementsystem.Process Management undertakes the allocation of process management to one

program. The Operating System controls the jobs submitted to the system. Several

algorithmareusedtoallocatethejobtotheprocessor.

i) FIFO‐FirstInFirstOut

Theprocess thatenters thequeue first isexecuted firstby theCPU, then thenext

and then next and so on. The processes are executed in the order inwhich they

enterthequeue.

ii) SJF‐ShortestJobFirst

Thisalgorithmisbasedonthesizeofjob.

ForexampleA=5Kilobytes,B=8KiloBytesFirstthejobAwillbeassignedprocessor

timeafterwhichBgetsitsrun.

iii) RoundRobin

Jobsareassignedprocessortimeinacircularmethod.

For example take three Jobs A,B,C. First job A is assigned to CPU, then job B is

assignedtoCPU,thenjobCisassignedtoCPU.AndthenagainA,B,Candsoon.

iv) BasedonPriority

In thismethod each job is assigned apriority. Thehigherpriority job is awarded

favorabletreatment.TaketwojobsAandB.LetthepriorityofAbe5andpriority

Bbe7.

JobBisassignedtotheprocessorbeforejobA.

Five Marks


54


2. Explainthememorymanagementsystem.Theoperatingsystemshouldprovidememorymanagementtechniquesalso.1. Anyerrorintheuserprogramshouldnotspoiltheentirememory.2. Operating system divides the main memory into user memory and reserved

memory.3. If some errors creep into the user program then user memory may be affected,

howeverthereservedmemoryisalwaysunaffectedcondition.4. User memory is divided into many partitions to accommodate various jobs.

Therefore the number of jobs accommodated cannot exceed the number ofpartitions.

5. Naturally the size of the user program should be less than available of mainmemory. The operating system provides virtual memory to include the entireprogram.

6. Inordertoachievesuccessfuloperationtheprocessshouldeffectivelycommunicatewitheachother.ThecommunicationismadepossiblebytheOS.


55


1. ………………..istypicallytwoormoreLANconnectedtogetheracrossawidegeographical

area.

a)UAN b)WAN c)LAN d)MAN

2. ……………..network computers and other communication devices are connected in acontinuousloop.

a)Bus b)Star c)Ring d)FDDI

3. Inahighspeednetwork……………………cablesareused.a)Star b)FDDI c)Bus d)Ring

4. Thedevicethatcoordinatesthedatatransferiscalled…………….…………..

a)Modem b)Telephone c)ICANN d)NetworkInterfaceCard

5. TheOSIprovidedanetworkarchitecturewith……………….layers.a)5 b)6 c)7 d)8

6. Allcomputersunderstandandworkonlyin………………..form.

a)Analog b)Digital c)Sound d)Light

7. ……………………signalscontinuouslyvarywithtime.a)Sound b)Light c)Analog d)Digital

8. Communicationin………………..……..modeisfaster.

a)FullDuplex b)Simplex c)HalfDuplex d)Noneofthese

9. ……………protocolisusedtoassistcommunicationbetweenamicrocomputerandamainframecomputer.

a)FTP b)Email c)Modem d)Telnet

10. ……………………..tools,thatallowtheinternetusertofindspecificdocumentthoroughkeywordsormenuchoices.

a)Browsers b)Email c)FTP d)HTTP

11. LANexpansion…………………….

a)LocalAloneNetwork b)LocalAreaNetwork c)LocalAroundNetwork d)LocalArchitectureNetwork

12. MANexpansion……………………..

a)ManAreaNetwork b)MetroPolygonAreaNetwork

c)MetropolyAreaNetwork d)MetropolitanAreaNetwork

6.COMPUTERCOMMUNICATIONS

One Marks


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13. WANexpansion…………………………

a)WideAngleNetwork b)WideArchitectNetwork c)WideAreaNetwork d)WideAroundNetwork

14. TCPexpansion…………………………

a)TransmissionControlProtocol b)TransferControlProtocol

c)TemporaryControlProtocol d)ThroughControlProtocol15. FDDIexpansion………………….

a)FiberDistributedDataInterface b)FileDistributeDataInterface

c)FileDynamicDataInterface d)FileDataDistributeInterchange

16. WWWexpansion………………….a)WorldWideWeb b)WorkWorldWide

c)WorldWebwide d)WorldWorkWeather

17. FTPexpansion…………………….a)FileTransferProtocol b)FileTransformProgram

c)FileTelecastProgram d)FileTelecastProtocol

18. …………………….canbeoneruleorasetofrulesandstandardsthatallowdifferent

devicestoholdconversations.a)Protocol b)FileServices c)MessageServices d)NetworkServices

19. Thedevicethatcoordinatesthedatatransferiscalledas…………………

a)GraphicsCard b)RandomAccessMemory

c)NetworkInterfaceCard(NIC) d)Modem20. Thedevicethataccomplishesmodulation‐demodulationprocessiscalled………..

a)GraphicsCard b)Telephone

c)NetworkInterfaceCard(NIC) d)Modem


57


1. WhatarethetypesofNetwork?TherearethreetypesofNetwork.Theyare1.LAN2.WAN3.MAN

2. WhatarethetypesofNetworkTopology?1. StarNetwork2. RingNetwork3. BusNetwork4. HybridNetwork5. FDDI

3. Whatarethereasonsfornetworking?1. SharingofResources2. Sharinginformation3. Communication:

4. Mentionafewareas,wherecomputernetworksareemployed?1. ATM2. InternetBanking3. CableTelevision4. TeleMedicine5. CellularTelephone6. FinancialServices

5. Whataretheessentialsthatacomputercommunicationshouldensure?Thecomputercommunicationshouldensuresafe,secure,andreliabledatatransfer.

6. Listthegeneraltypesofnetworksusedtoday?1. LAN(LocalAreaNetwork)2. MAN(MetropolitanAreaNetwork)3. WAN(WideAreaNetwork)

7. DefineLAN(LocalAreaNetwork).AnetworkconnectingsysteminsideasinglebuildingclosetoeachotheriscalledLAN.

8. DefineMAN(MetropolitanAreaNetwork).AnetworkthatspansageographicalareacoveringaMetropolitancityiscalledMAN.

9. DefineWAN(WideAreaNetwork).AWANis typically twoormoreLANsconnectedtogetheracrossawidegeographicalarea.



58


10. Howdataistransmittedindifferentforms?Dataaretransmittedintwoforms1. Analogdatatransmission2. Digitaldatatransmission

11. Whatarethetransmissionmodes?1. Simplexmode2. Halfduplexmode3. Fullduplexmode

12. WhatisTCP?TCPbreaksupthedatatobesentintolittlepackets.Itguaranteesthatanydatasenttothedestinationcomputerreachesintact.

13. WhatisIP?IP‐InternetProtocolIP is a set of conventions used to pass packets from one host to another. It isresponsibleforroutingthepacketstoadesireddestinationIPaddress.

14. WhatistheroleICANN?ICANN‐InternetCorporationforAssignedNamesandNumbersICANNadministrate thedomainnameregistration. Ithelps toavoidwhich isalreadyregistered.

15. DefineURL.EverywebpageauniqueaddresscalledtheUniformResourceLocator(URL).TheURLlocatesthepagesontheinternet.

16. Whatiscomputernetwork?A system consistingof connectednodesmade to sharedata, hardware& software iscalledcomputernetwork.

17. WhatisInternet?SeveralnetworksareconnectedtogethertoformaGlobalnetworkcalledtheinternet.

18. Whatismodem?Thedevicethatmodulation‐demodulationprocessiscalledmodem.


59


1. WhatisnetworkTopology?Explainthecommontopologiesused.Networktopologyisthearrangementofthevariouscomputersonthenetwork.Therearedifferenttypesofnetworktopologies.1. StarNetwork

Inastarnetworkallcommunicationdevicesareconnectedtoacentralhub.

2. RingNetworkIn a ring network all communication devices are connected in a continuous loop.Dataarepassedaroundthering inonedirection.Eachnodeservingasarepeateruntilitreachestherightdestination.Thereisnocentralcomputerorserver.

3. BusNetworkInabusnetworkallcommunicationdevicesareconnectedtoacommoncablecalledbus.Thereisnocentralcomputerorserver.Thedataistransmissionisbidirectional

4. HybridNetworkAhybridnetworkisacombinationofabovethreenetworkssuitedtotheneed.

5. FDDINetworkAFDDInetworkisahighspeednetworkusingfiberopticcable.Itisusedforhigh‐techpurposessuchaselectronicimages,high‐resolutiongraphicsanddigitalvideo.

Five Marks


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2. Explainaboutdatatransmissionmode.Whentwoormorecomputersare incommunication,datatransmissionmayoccur inoneofthethreemodes.1. Simplexmode:

InSimplexmode,datacanbetransmittedinonedirection.Thedeviceisusingthesimplexmodeoftransmissioncaneithersendorreceivedata,butcannotboth.Example:Televisionbroadcast,RadioBroadcast.

2. Half‐duplexmode:InHalf‐duplexmode,betweentwodevicedatacanbesendandreceive.Butatanypointoftimedatacangoinanyonedirectiononly.Example:Walky‐Talkey,whereinonewaitsforhisturntheothertalks.

3. Full‐duplexmode:In Full‐Duplex mode, two devices can simultaneously send or receive data. Fullduplexmodeisusedinlargecomputersystem.Example:Twopeopleonthetelephonetalkingandlisteningsimultaneously.


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1. WindowsXPisan…………………………a)Applicationsoftware b)Program c)OperatingSystem d)Virus

2. WindowsXPusesa…………………………………..a)CUI b)GUI c)MS‐DOS d)Noneofthese

3. InwindowXP,theopeningscreeniscalledas……….a)Taskbar b)Window c)Desktop d)AllProgrms

4. ClickingontheStartbuttonopensthe……………….……menu.a)Start b)File c)Edit d)View

5. Theclockisdisplayedonthe………………………..a)TitleBar b)MenuBar c)ToolBar d)Taskbar

6. The…………………………..alsohasbuttonsrepresentingapplicationscurrentlybeingused.a)TitleBar b)MenuBar c)ToolBar d)Taskbar

7. ……………………..……….isoneoftheoptiononthestartmenu.a)File b)AllPrograms c)Accessories d)Notepad

8. ………………..are constantlymoving images that appearswhen the computer has beenidleforsometime.a)Notepad b)Clock c)ScreenSaver d)Paint

9. Youcanmoveawindowbyclickinganddraggingits……………………a)MinimizeButton b)TitleBar c)Taskbar d)MaximizeButton

10. The…………………..dialogboxusedtochangethewallpaper,screensaver,etc.a)DisplayProperties b)DisplayFonts c)Background d)Noneofthese

11. The…………………….iconontheControlPanelallowsyoutoview,addorremovefonts.a)Add/RemovePrograms b)UserAccount c)Fonts d)Mouse

12. InwindowXPtherectangularareaonthedesktopiscalledas…………….a)ScreenSavers b)Desktop c)Button d)Screen

13. Atthetopeachwindowisthe……………………..bar.a)Menubar b)StatusBar c)TitleBar d)Toolbar

14. Belowthetitlebaristhe…………………….bar.a)Toolbar b)MenuBar c)StatusBar d)Titlebar

15. ……………….buttonisusedtoreducethesizeofthewindowtoabuttononthetaskbar.a)Minimize b)Maximize c)Restore d)Close

16. ………………buttonisusedtoenlargethewindowtofilltheentiredesktop.a)Close b)Restore c)Maximize d)Minimize

17. ………………..buttonisusedtocloseawindow.a)Minimize b)Maximize c)Restore d)Close

7.ANINTRODUCTIONTOWINDOWSXP

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18. ………………..commandisusedtosavethefile.a)FileSave b)EditSave c)ViewSave d)Noneofthese

19. ………………….shortcutkeyissuedtosavethefile.a)Ctrl+S b)Ctrl+D c)Ctrl+V d)Ctrl+X

20. …………………boxesareusedtoallowtheusertoenterthedata.a)Radio b)TextBox c)ListBox d)CheckBox

21. ………………..boxesdisplayalistofchoices.a)CheckBox b)ListBox c)RadioButton d)Sliders

22. ………………boxesareusedtoenableordisableoptions.a)Radio b)TextBox c)ListBox d)CheckBox

23. ………….areusedtoenteraphysicallymovingamarkeroveraslide.a)CheckBox b)ListBox c)RadioButton d)Sliders

24. ………………….buttonsisthemostfrequentlyusedbuttonsinWindowXP.a)OK,CANCEL b)Print,View c)Edit,Save d)Noneofthese

25. ……..………………….areusedtocreatedatafiles.a)ApplicationFiles b)Program c)Data d)Command

26. The……………………optionallowsyoutouseDOScommands.a)StartAccessoriesCommandPromptb)StartAllProgramsAccessoriesCommandPrompt c)StartCommandPrompt d)StartCommandPromptAccessories

27. The……………………optionallowsyoutoopenWordPad.a)StartAccessoriesWordPadb)StartAllProgramsAccessoriesWordPad c)StartWordPad d)StartWordPadAccessories

28. The……………………optionallowsyoutoopenPaint.a)StartAccessoriesPaintb)StartAllProgramsAccessoriesPaint c)StartPaint d)StartPaintAccessories

29. The……………………optionallowsyoutoopenCalculator.a)StartAccessoriesCalculatorb)StartAllProgramsAccessoriesCalculator c)StartCalculator d)StartCalculatorAccessories

30. The………………………..onthetaskbarallowyoutoswitchbetweenapplications.a)Commands b)Buttons c)ListBox d)TextBox


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31. Windowusesthe……………………..tostoredatabeingmovedorcopied.a) WordPad b)NotePad c)MS‐Word d)ClipBoard

32. Everytimeyoustartanapplication,a………………………appearsonthetaskbar.a)Commands b)Buttons c)ListBox d)TextBox

33. Thetwomodeofcalculatorare………………and…………………….a)Standard,Scientific b)Digit,Analog c)Wave,Digit d)Digit,Scientific

34. Youcancoloryourpictureusingthe…………and……………….inpaint.a)AirBrush,Brush b)Brush,Pencil c)Curve,Text d)Selection,Line

35. Inpaint,the………………………toolisusedtomarkthepicturetobecopiedormoved.a)Text b)Line c)Curve d)Selection

36. InWordPad,the…………………..keyisusedtodeletethecharacterafterthecursor.a)Backspace b)Delete c)Alt d)Ctrl

37. InWordPad,the………………..keyisusedtodeletethecharacterbeforethecursor.a)Backspace b)Delete c)Alt d)Ctrl

38. YoucanclosetheWordPadapplicationbyclickingonExitinthe……………….menu.a)Edit b)View c)File d)Help

39. ………………..keyisusedtogethelpandsupportinwindowsXP.a)F2 b)F5 c)F4 d)F1

40. InWordPad………………………..modesthetextyouenterwilloverwritetheexistingtext.a)InsertMode b)CursorMode c)ShiftMode d)OverWriteMode

41. InWordPad………………………..modesthetextyouentertheexistingtextwillmoverightside.a)InsertMode b)CursorMode c)ShiftMode d)OverWriteMode


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1. WhatisWindowsXP?WindowsXPisauserfriendlyOperatingSystem.

2. Writeashortnoteabouttheevolutionofwindowoperatingsystem.EvolutionofWindows1. Windows3.02. Windows3.13. Windows3.114. Windows955. Windows986. WindowsNT3.5,7. WindowsNT3.548. WindowsNT49. Windows200010. WindowsXP

3. WhataretheadvantagesofusingWindowsXP?1. ThemostimportantadvantageofusingwindowsisitsGUI.2. Windowsdisplaysalltheinformationonthescreenandallyouhavetodoistopoint

andselectusingthemousewithitsGUI.3. Thissatisfiesalltheuserswhowantpreventfrequentcrashingofsoftwareandwant

touseeasytechniques.4. Whatismouse?Whatarethedifferentmouseactionsthatyouarefamiliarwith?

Themouseisaninputdevicethatyoumoveonaflatsurface.DifferentMouseactions1. Move2. Click3. Double‐Click4. ClickandDrag

5. Whatisdesktop?Whatarethingsyouseenonthedesktop?Theopeningscreenofthewindowxpiscalleddesktop.TheDesktophasseveraliconssuch as My Computer, My Documents, and Recycle bin. The desktop has containsTaskbar.

6. Howcancustomizethedesktop?We can change the appearance of the desktop by changing the background, addingicons,movingicons,movingandresizingthetaskbarandsoon.Wecanalsoaddscreensavers.



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7. Whatisshutdown?Shut downis the process of closing all software programs in preparation to turn offacomputer'spower.

8. Whyshutdownyourcomputerproperly?Weshutdownthecomputerproperlyisgoodthings.1. Toavoidunsaveddata.2. Toavoidseriousfilesystemdamage.

9. Howtostartmultipleapplications?FirstStartoneapplication.Theapplicationappearsonthescreeninawindow.Atthesametime,abuttonwiththenameoftheapplicationappearsonthetaskbar.Nowstartsecondapplication.

10. Howdoyouswitchbetweenmultipleapplications?Thebuttonsonthetaskbarareusedtoswitchbetweenthedifferentapplications.

11. Whatisclipboard?Theclipboardisatemporarystoragefordatabeingcopiedormoved.

12. Whatarethetwodifferenttypesoffiles?1. ApplicationFiles2. DocumentFiles

13. Howdoesthecomputerdisplaythecorrecttime?Howcanyouchangetime? Windowshasin‐builtclockwhichisusuallydisplayedonthetaskbar. To change the date and time, double click on the clock on the taskbar.

TheDateandTimePropertiesdialogappearsonthescreen. FromthesedialogboxesyouselectthecorrectDateandTimeusingdropdown

listbox.14. WhereistheMS‐DOSpromptavailable?Howdoyouuseit?

TheCommandisusedtoopentheCommandPromptStartAllProgramsAccessoriesCommandPrompt

15. WhereistheCalculatoravailable?Howdoyouuseit?TheCommandisusedtoopentheCalculatorStartAllProgramsAccessoriesCalculator

16. WhatisWordPad?HowdoyoustartWordPad?WordPadisasimplewordprocessorthatallowsyoutotypeandstoretext.TheCommandisusedtoopentheWordPadStartAllProgramsAccessoriesWordPad

17. WhatisPaint?Paintisapplicationsoftwarethatisusedtodrawandcolorpictures.StartAllProgramsAccessoriesPaint


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1. What iscontrolpanel?Describebrieflysomeof the icons foundon thecontrolpanel.

The Control Panel allows you to install and manage different hardware andsoftwarecomponentsinourcomputer.TheControlPanelwindowdisplaystheseveralicons.

1) AccessibilityOptionsThis icon is used to adjust computer settings for vision, hearing andmobilitydeficiency.

2) DateandTimeThisiconisusedtosettheDate,time,andtimezoneforyourcomputer.

3) FontsThisiconisusedtoadd,removefontsonyourcomputer.

4) KeyboardThisiconisusedtocustomizethekeyboardsettingssuchasblinkrate,characterrepeatrate.

5) MouseThis icon is used to customize themouse settings such asDouble click, speed,mousepointer.

6) PrinterandFaxesThisiconisusedtoinstallprinterandfaxandhelpsaddnewone.

7) UserAccountsThisiconisusedtochangetheuseraccountsettingandpassword.

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2. DescribethedifferentpartsofWindow.

1. TitleBar

Titlebardisplaythenameoftheapplication.

2. MenuBar

This displays the different types ofmenu.We select any one option from thismenu

suchasFileSave.

3. Toolbar

Toolbar consists of icons representing shortcuts for the most frequently used

commands.

4. MinimizeButton

Thisbuttonisusedtoreducethesizeofthewindowtoabuttononthetaskbar.

5. RestoreButton

Thisbuttonisusedtorestorethewindowtoitsoriginalsize.

6. MaximizeButton

Thisbuttonisusedtoenlargethewindowtofilltheentiredesktop.

7. CloseButton

Thisbuttonisusedtocloseawindow.


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3. Write a short note about the different kinds of dialog boxes that you use inwindows.

1. TextBoxTextboxesareusedtoallowtheusertoentersomedata.

2. ListBoxTheseboxesdisplayalistofchoices.Wecanselectanyoneoption.

3. Drop‐downlistBoxThesearelistboxeswhichhaveasmallblackinvertedtriangleatoneend.Whenyouclick this triangle, a listofoptionsdropdown in frontof you.Wecan select anyoneoption.

4. RadioButtonsThesebuttonsareused todisplaymultipleoptions.Wecanselectonlyonebuttonatthattime.

5. CheckBoxThesebuttonsareusedtoenableordisableoptions.Wecanselectmultipleoptionsatthattime.

6. TabsTabsareusedtodisplaydifferentsetsofoptionsindialogboxes.

7. SlidersSlidersareusedtoenterbyphysicallymovingamarkeroveraslide.

8. ButtonsButtonswillacceptyourchoicesandclosethedialogbox.


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4. Whatispaint?DescribethebrieflythedifferentpartsofthePaintWindows?Paintisapplicationsoftwarethatisusedtodrawandcolorpictures.

StartAllProgramsAccessoriesPaint

DifferentPartsofPaintwindowasfollows1. MenuBar

ThemenubarhasseveraloptionssuchasFile,Edit,View,etc.

2. ToolBox

TheToolbarhasvarioustoolsthatisusedtodrawandcolorthepictures.

3. DrawingArea

TheDrawingareaisusedtodrawthepicture.

4. ColorBox

Thecolorboxcontainsmorecolors.Thatisusedtocolorthepictureofyourchoice.


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5. DescribebrieflyhowtoedittextenteredinWordPad?

WordPadisasimplewordprocessorthatallowsyoutotypeandstoretext.

TheCommandisusedtoopentheWordPad

StartAllProgramsAccessoriesWordPad

Afterwehave finished typing text,wecancorrect it, addordelete text,Copying textandMovingtext.1. Movethecursorwhereyouwanttoeditthetext.Usingthearrowkeyormouse.

2. PressBackspacekeytodeletethecharacterbeforethecursorandtypethenewtext.

PressDeletekeytodeletethecharacterafterthecursorandtypethenewtext.

3. Ifyouareininsertmodewhenyouenternewtext,theexistingtextwillmoveright

side.

4. Ifyouareinoverwritemodewhenyouenternewtextwilloverwritetheexisting

text.

CopyingTextandPastingText

1. Selectthetext.2. EditCopycommandisusedtocopythetext.3. EditPastecommandisusedtopastethetext.

CopyingTextandPastingText

1. Selectthetext.

2. EditCutcommandisusedtocutthetext.

3. EditPastecommandisusedtopastethetext.


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1. Informationisstoredas………………………..inyourcomputer.a)Files b)Sounds c)Pictures d)Text

2. Everyfilenamehastwocomponentsthe……………………..and………………………….a)File,Name b)Extension,Name c)MainComponent,Extensiond)None

3. ………………………iscollectionoffiles.a)Files b)Explorer c)MyDocuments d)Folder

4. ………………………..allowsyoutomanageyourfilesandfolders.a)MyComputer b)WindowExplorer c)WordPad d)MyDocument

5. The………………………paneinwindowsExplorerdisplaysalistoffolders.a) Bottom b)Right c)Left d)Top

6. ThedisplayintheExplorerBaris…………………….sensitive.a)Image b)Context c)Content d)Case

7. The……………………..commandallowsyoutosearchforfilesandfolders.a)Read b)Search c)Run d)Write

8. The………………………commandprovidesanalternatemethodtostartapplications.a)Read b)Write c)Search d)Run

9. Thesearchcommandisavailableonthestartmenu.Itisalsoavailableonthewindowexplorer……………………..……toolbar.a)Standard b)Menu c)Address d)Status

10. AplussigntotheleftofafolderintheleftwindowofExplorerindicatesthepresenceof………………………a)Sub‐Folder b)Sub‐Files c)Sub‐Pictures d)Noneofthese

11. The…………………….keyisusedtoselectagroupoffileswhosenamesarenotdisplayednexttoeachotherintheExplorerwindow.a)Shift b)Ctrl c)Alt d)Enter

12. ………………….combinationkeyareusedtoclosetheactivewindow.a)Ctrl+F4 b)Shift+F4 c)Alt+F4 d)F4

13. ……………….commandisusedtorenamethefolder.a)FileRename b)RenameFile c)EditRename d)RenameEdit

14. Thefilenamecanbeamaximumof………………characters.a)250 b)256 c)253 d)255

15. ……………..commandisusedtocutthefolder.a)EditPaste b)EditCut c)FileCut d)EditCopy

8.WINDOWSEXPLORER

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16. ……………..commandisusedtocopythefolder.a)EditPaste b)EditCut c)FileCut d)EditCopy

17. ……………..commandisusedtopastethefolder.a)EditPaste b)EditCut c)FileCut d)EditCopy

18. …………….shortcutkeyisusedtocutthefolder.a)Ctrl+V b)Ctrl+C c)Ctrl+X d)Ctrl+B

19. …………….shortcutkeyisusedtocopythefolder.a)Ctrl+C b)Ctrl+B c)Ctrl+X d)Ctrl+V

20. …………….shortcutkeyisusedtopastethefolder.a)Ctrl+C b)Ctrl+X c)Ctrl+V d)Ctrl+B

21. Asmallverticalblinkinglineappearsatthetopleftcorneroftheworkareaiscalled……a)Scrollbar b)Menubar c)Cursor d)scanner

22. Themarginsetupthatcanbedonewith………………….command.a)FilePagesetup b)FilePrint c)FileSetup d)Noneofthese


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WINKEYCOMBINATIONS

WinkeyCombinations

Whatitdoes

Winkey Togglesthedisplayofthestartmenu

Winkey+B Movesthefocustothenotificationarea

Winkey+Break DisplaystheSystemPropertiesdialogbox

Winkey+D DisplaytheDesktop

Winkey+E OpensanExplorerwindowshowingMyComputer

Winkey+F OpensaSearchResultswindow,activatessearchCompanion

Winkey+Ctrl+FOpensaSearchResultswindow,activatessearchcompanion,andstartsaSearchforcomputer.

Winkey+F1 OpensaHelpandsupportcenterwindow.

Winkey+L LocktheComputer

Winkey+M IssuesaMinimizeAllwindowscommand

Winkey+Shift+M IssuesanUndoMinimizeAllcommand

Winkey+R DisplaytheRundialogbox

Winkey+Tab MovesthefocustothenextbuttonintheTaskbar

Winkey+Shift+Tab MovesthefocustothepreviousbuttonintheTaskbar

Winkey+U DisplaytheutilityManager


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TheEconomicalExplorerKeyboard

CombinationKeys Do

Alt+Enter Displaythepropertiessheetfortheselectedobjects

Alt+F4 ClosesExplorerwindow

Alt+LeftArrow Takesyoubacktoapreviouslydisplayedfolder

Alt+RightArrow Takesyouforwardtoapreviouslydisplayedfolder

Backspace Takesyoutotheparentfolderofthecurrentfolder

Ctrl+A Selectalltheobjectinthecurrentfolder

Ctrl+C Copiestheselectedobjecttotheclipboard

Ctrl+V Pastetherecentlycutorcopiedobjectsfromtheclip

Ctrl+X Cuttheselectedobjectstotheclipboard

Ctrl+Z Reversesthemostrecentaction

Delete SendsthecurrentlyselectedobjectstotheRecycleBin

F2 IthelpstoRenametheselectedObjects

F3DisplaystheFinddisplaysthefinddialogboxwiththecurrentfolderasthedefault

F4 OpenstheAddresstoolbar’sdrop‐downlist

F5 RefreshtheExplorerwindow.

F6CyclesthehighlightamongtheAllfolderlist,theContentlist,andtheAddresstoolbar

Shift+DeleteDeletethecurrentlyselectedobjectswithoutsendingthemtotheRecycleBin

Shift+F10 Displaysthecontextmenufortheselectedobjects

TabCyclesthehighlightamongtheAllfolderlist,theContentlist,andtheAddresstoolbar


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KeysforMovingtheCursorthroughthetext

Key WhereitMovesthecursor

RightArrow OnecharactertotheRight

LeftArrow OneCharactertotheLeft

UpArrow Uponeline

DownArrow Downoneline

Home Beginningoftheline

End Endofline

Ctrl+Home BeginningoftheDocument

Ctrl+End EndoftheDocument

PageUp Upapage

PageDown Downapage

Ctrl+RigtArrow OnewordtoRight

Ctrl+LeftArrow OnewordtoLeft

Ctrl+UpArrow Uponeparagraph

Ctrl+DownArrow Downoneparagraph

Ctrl+PageUp Topofthepreviouspage

Ctrl+PageDown Topofnextpage


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1. WhatisWindowsExplorer?WindowsExplorerisprogramthathelpsyoutomanageyourfilesandfolders.

2. HowtoopenWindowsExplorer?ToopenWindowsExplorerStartAllProgramsAccessoriesWindowsExplorer

3. WhatistheuseofRunCommand?TheRuncommandonthestartmenuusedtoalternatemethodtostartapplicationsoropendatafiles.

4. DefineFileandFolders?File :AllinformationincomputerisstoredinFiles.Folder :ACollectionoffilesiscalledasFolder.

5. WritenotesonFilenames?Afilenameismadeupoftwocomponents

i) MainComponent Thisisindicatesfilenameii) Extension Thisindicatestypeofthefiles.

Example:abc.doc, abc.xls6. WhatisRecycleBin?

TheRecycleBinis a folder with a fancy icon where files and folders that you havedeletedarestored.

7. HowdoyouselectfilesinWindowsExplorer?i) Justclickonfilegetsithighlighted.ii) ToselectmorethanfilespressCtrlorShiftkeyandclickrequiredfiles.

8. Howtocreateanewfolder?TocreateanewfolderinWindowExplorerclickingFileNewFolder.Anewfolderwiththetemporaryname“NewFolder”iscreated.

9. Whatarethedifferencesbetweencopyingandmovingfiles?CopyingFiles MovingFiles

Copyingleavesthesourcefiles,andmakesacopyinthedestinationlocation.

Moving files is that is removes the filesfrom the source location and place themdestinationlocation.

10. HowwillyouRenameagroupofFiles?i) SelectMultiplefilesinafolder.ii) RightclickonmouseandselectRenameoption.iii) Nowyougivethenamesuchas“Rajan”torenamethegroupoffiles,Firstfile

getsnameasRajan(1),SecondfilegetsnameasRajan(2),andthird filegetsnameasRajan(3).



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11. HowwillyouCopyfilestoCD?i) PlaceanemptydiscintoyourCD/DVDwritabledrive.ii) Gotothesourcefolders.iii) SelectfilesandrightclickthenselectSendtoCD‐RWDrive.iv) IntheDiscNamefield,typeanameforthedisc.v) ClickWritetoDisc.

12. DistinguishbetweenCD‐RWandCD‐R?CD‐RWDisk CD‐RDisk

ACD‐RWdiscisacompactdiscthatcanbewritten, read many times, erased, andwrittenagain.

ACD‐R discis a compactdisc that can bewrittenonceandreadmanytimes.

13. WhatarethespecialfeaturesavailableinWindowsXPProfessionalalone?

Easierinstallationandupdating Effectivemulti‐usercapabilities RedesigningStartmenu TaskbarchangesandEnhancements CD‐Burning Searchcompanion MoreGames RemoteDesktopconnection.

14. Describethedifferentmethodstocopytheselectedfiles?CopyingFilesi) First select the files and choose the command EditCopy (Or) Using theShortcutKeyCtrl+C.ii) Select desired location and choose the command EditPaste (Or) using theshortcutkeyCtrl+V

15. Describethedifferentmethodstomovetheselectedfiles?MovingFilesi) First select the files and choose the command EditCut (Or) Using theShortcutKeyCtrl+X.ii) Select desired location and choose the command EditPaste (Or) using theshortcutkeyCtrl+V


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1. Describe the different ways in which you can view information inWindowsExplorer?WindowExplorerdisplaysthefilesandfolderinfollowingviews.

1. IconsViewInthisview,showseachfileorfolder’siconanditsname.

2. TilesViewIn thisview, the iconsarea littlebiggerwith itsnameandprovidesomemoreadditionalinformationforsomeicons.

3. ThumbnailsViewIn thisviewworkswell in folder thatcontainpictures.Documents thatcontainarenotshownasiconsbuttheyaredisplayedasminimizedpictures.

4. FilmstripViewThis view is suitable for only My Pictures Folder. This view similar toThumbnails view. When you click a picture, an enlarged copy of picturesappearsinpreviewarea.

5. ListViewThisviewretainsthesmalliconsbutdisplaysthefilesandfoldersonebelowtheotherincolumns.

6. DetailsThis view displays details like file size, type, lastmodified date and time alongwithfilenamesandsmallicons.

2. DescribethedifferentpartsofWindowsExplorer?WindowsExplorerisprogramthathelpsyoutomanageyourfilesandfolders.InWindowExplorercanbedividedintotwopanes.Theleftpanewilldisplaythelistofavailable folders in thedisk ina treeview.Therightpanewilldisplaythe listof filesandfoldersavailableintheselectedfolder.1. MenuBar

ThemenubarhassomeoptionssuchasOpen,Print,Edit,etc.2. ToolsBar

Thetoolsbarrequiredfortheeditingoperationofthefilesandfolder.3. AddressBar

Theaddressbardisplaysthelocationoftheselectedfilesandfolder.4. StatusBar

Thestatusbaroftheexplorewindowwilldisplaythecapacityoftheselectedfolderandthefreebytesavailableinit.

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1. KenThomsonisthecreatorofthe……………………………OperatingSystem.a)Windows b)Linux c)Unix d)MS‐DOS

2. Minixwascreatedby………………………a)TennisRitchie b)RickMascitti c)S.Tannenbaumd)CharlesBabbage

3. InLinux,therootuser(SA)isempoweredtochangethe………………ofanyuser.a)Directory b)command c)password d)username

4. Theusercanloginintothesystembyenteringhis/her………………nameand…………………a)Username b)password c)Nonethese d)Username,Password

5. Theusercanchangehis/herpasswordbyenteringtheold(current)passwordwith……..a)NewPasswordb)Oldpassword c)NewUserName d)Noneofthese

6. Linuxisa……………………..userOperatingSystem.a)Window b)DOS c)Multiuser d)Singleuser

7. Thepromptfortherootuseris…………………..a)# b)$ c)& d)@

8. Thepromptfortheotheruseris…………..a)& b)% c)$ d)#

9. Tofindoutthecurrentdirectorythe………………..commandisused.a)pwd b)pdw c)rm‐r d)mkdir

10. Thereshouldbeatleastone………………….betweencdand..a)2line b)space c)character d)line

11. ………………………signrepresentsfullpathofyourhomedirectory.a)~ b)+ c)‐ d)*

12. Filescanbecopieddirectly…………………command.a)mkdir b)cat c)cp d)cd

13. Ifyouwanttogethelpforaparticularcommand,the……………..commandwillprovideyouhelp.a)man b)sort c)cat d)echo

14. The………………….commandshowsthecontentsofbigfilepagebypage.a) b) c) d)more

15. The………………..optionincpcommandwarnsyoufromoverwritingthedestinationfile.a)‐i b)‐a c)‐n d)‐ls

16. $catfile1……………file2appendsthecontentsfile1intofile2.a)<< b)>> c)> d)<

9.LINUX

One Mark


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17. …………………featurecanbesettopreventoverwritinganexistingfilebytheredirectionoperation.a)nowriting b)noclobber c)nooverwriting d)Allofthese

18. Endoffileisgivenby…………………….a)Ctrl+X b)Crl+E c)Ctrl+D d)Ctrl+A

19. Mountingadevicemeans………………..theconnectionbetweenafilesystemonastoragedeviceandyourmaindirectorytree.a)Establishing b)Enabling c)Disable d)noneofthese

20. AlthoughtherootmaybelocatedfilesonthefilesystemforyourCD‐ROM.a)name b)path c)Pathname d)pathdirectory

21. The…………..…canonlythemountingoperation.a)mount b)umount c)ls‐a d)sort

22. AllthefilesinyourLinuxsystemareconnectedintooneoverall…………………….tree.a)Directory b)TreeDirectory c)subtree d)noneofthese

23. AfloppydiskwithLinuxfileswillhaveitsown………………..ofdirectories.a)tree b)sub‐tree c)alltree d)noneofthese

24. $vifilename.Thefileissavedbyenteringtwouppercase.a)SS b)BB c)ZZ d)AA

25. :wmeans……………..and……………….thefile.a) b) c) d)

26. WhenyoupressESC,ifyouhearabeepsound,youarein…………………..mode.a)Command b)Input c)Output d)Read

27. Thecommandnddand……………….movesaspecifiedtexttothedesireddestination.a)U b)p c)J d)yy

28. The……………….commanddoesarithmeticalcalculationsmoreefficiently.a)Is b)rmdir c)let d)tee

29. Thereare…………….typesofusersinLinuxsystem.a)3 b)2 c)5 d)4

30. Linuxdevelopedintheyearof………………………a)1992 b)1993 c)1991 d)1990

31. ThefirstLinuxreleasedversionis………………….a)0.12 b)0.10 c)0.13 d)0.11

32. ……………commandisusedtochangethepassword.a)passwd b)password c)Pass d)wordpass

33. …………….commandisusedtocreateadirectory.a)dir b)kdir c)mkdir d)mdir

34. Thereare………………typesofpathnameinLinux.a)3 b)4 c)2 d)1


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35. ……………….pathnameisthecompletepathnameofafileordirectory.a)Absolute b)Relative c)command d)Noneofthese

36. ………………..pathnamebeingswithyourworkingdirectory.a)Command b)Absolute c)Relative d)Noneofthese

37. …………………commandschangesthecurrentdirectorytothespecifieddirectory.a)cd b)cp c)rmdir d)mkdir

38. Thereare………………..typesofmodeinLinux.a)1 b)3 c)2 d)4

39. ………………….commandcreatesafilewithoutnameinthevieditor..a)$vi b)$ai c)$let d)$expr

40. The………………commandwillundothelastmodificationinthevieditor..a)v b)c c)a d)U

41. Tojointwolinespress……………….keyinthevieditor..a)J b)C c)A d)M

42. The………………commandcopyalineinthevieditor.a)cc b)yy c)aa d)bb

43. The…………………..commandisusedtochangetheentireofaline.a)yy b)aa c)bb d)cc

Command Functions

.pwd Printsthecurrentworkingdirectory

.man Hetshelp

.mkfs Formatsfloppy

.cd Changesthecurrentworkdirectory

.mkdir Createsanewdirectory

.rmdir Removesanemptydirectory

ls‐l Displaythecontentsofadirectory

Echo Usedforprompting


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1. Whoissuperuser(Or)RootUser?

Rootis theusernameoraccountthatbydefaulthasaccesstoallcommandsandfilesonaLinux.Itisalsoreferredtoastherootaccount,rootuserandthesuperuser.

2. Howwillyouchangeyourcurrentpassword?[ilamathi@localhostilamathi]$passwdChangingpasswordforilamathi(current)password:Newpassword:Retypenewpassword:Passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully

3. Whataretherulesthatyoushouldfollowwhenyouchangeyourpassword? Thepasswordshouldnotbelessthansixcharactersinlength. When changing a password, the new password should differ from the old

passwordbyatleastthreecharacters. Thepasswordmustbedifferentfromtheusername. Thenewpasswordcannotbethesameastheoldpassword. Since the SA can execute control over the entire system, SA can change the

passwordofanyuseroftheLinuxsystem.4. Howwillyouknowyourworkingdirectory?

Pwdcommandisusedtoworkingdirectory.Ex:[ilamathi@localhostilamathi]$pwd

5. Whataretheprivilegesoftherootuser? Rootusercreateshomedirectoriesfortheusers. Rootuser is theonlyuse theFloppy‐diskandCD‐ROMin thesystemandtakes

backupstopreventlossofdataduetosystembreakdown.6. Howwillyouknowahiddenfilename?

‐acommandlistallthefilesincludinghiddenfiles.Ex:[ilamathi@localhostilamathi]$Is‐a

7. Howwillyousortyourfilesbysize?‐scommandisusedtosortthefilesbysize[ilamathi@localhostilamathi]$Is‐s

8. Whataretheessentialconditionstoremoveadirectoryusingrmdircommand? Shouldbeempty Shouldnotbethecurrentdirectory

9. HowwillyouexecuteafileinafloppydiskwiththehelpofSA?#mount/dev/fd0/mnt/floppyThiscommandisusedtoexecuteafileinfloppydisk.



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10. Howwillyoucreateadirectory?[ilamathi@localhosthealth]$mkdirinsuranceThiscommandisusedtocreateadirectoryinsuranceunderhealthdirectory.

11. Explainthefunctionofman.[ilamathi@localhosthealth]$manIsWecanalsospecifythelevelofhelpyouneedfromman, thelevelnumbershouldbespecifiedinbetweenmanandcommandforwhichthehelpissought.Nowwecanhelpgethelponline.

12. Whatisthedifferencebetweenthecommandsrm‐randrmdir?rm‐r rmdir

Thiscommandisusedtoremovethedirectorieswhichisnotempty.

Thiscommandisusedtoremoveanemptydirectoryonly.

13. HowwillyoudisplayyournamelikeMynameisx?Thecontentsofthefile1is“MyNameisX”$catfile1Theabovecommandisusedtodisplaythefollowingoutput“MyNameisX”

14. Howwillyoudeleteadirectoryalongwithitssubdirectories?$rmfile1file2Thiscommandisusedtodeleteadirectoryanditssubdirectory.

15. Distinguishbetweenmvandcpcommands?mv cp

mvcommand isused tomovea fileordirectory from one location toanother.

Used to change the name of file ordirectory.

cp command is used to copy the files ordirectory.

16. Howwillyoucopycontentsfile1intofile2indifferentways?cpcommandisusedtocopythecontentsoffiles1intofile2.Example:$cpfile1file2

17. Howcanyoucopyadirectoryalongwithallfilesinthedirectory?$cp–ralphaaplha1Theabovecommandcopiesallthefilesandsubdirectoriesofthealphadirectorytothealpha1directoryrecursively.


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1. Howwillyoudisplaythefiles,directoriesandsubdirectoriesandexplainwithoptions?

Options Function

‐a Listallthefilesincludinghiddenfiles

‐FShowsthefiletypealongwithname(‘/’isaddedattheendofeachdirectorytodistinguishitfromfile.

‐R ListworkingDirectoryaswellasallsub‐directories

‐r Displaysfilesandsub‐directoriesinthereverseorder

‐s Sortsbyfilesize

‐ADisplaysthefilesofalmostalldirectoriesexceptthe.and..directories.

2. Whatdoescatcommanddo?Writeanddiscussallthevariationsofcatcommand?

Command Function

$catfile3|lprThecontentsoffile3aresenttoLinePrinterconnectedwiththeLinuxsystemcurrently.

$cat–nfile3|lprThiscommandisusedtoprintthecontentoffile3withnumbers.

$cat–nfile3|moreThiscommandisusedtodisplaythecontentoffile3alongwiththelinenumber.

$catfile1>file2 Thecontentsoffile1sendtofile2

$catfile1>>file2 Thiscommandappendsthecontentfile1tothecontentoffile2

$catfile1 Thecontentsoffile1displayinthescreen.

Five Marks


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1. Aflowchartisdrawn………………………writingaprogram.a)Before b)after c)between d)allofthese

2. Understandingapseudocodeis……………….thanunderstandingaflowchart.a)veryhard b)Easy c)difficult d)Noneofthese

3. Everyprogram………………..………berepresentedbyaflowchart.a)neednot b)need c)no d)noneofthese

4. Awalkthrough………………..………….findallthebugsinthedesign.a)Helpsto b)nohelps c)warning d)noneofthese

5. Eachstepinanalgorithmmusktaskafiniteamountoftimeandmemoryspace.a) b) c) d)

6. TheCprogramminglanguagewasdevelopedby……………………….a)TennisRitchieb)CharlessBabbage c)RickMascitti d)JohnNappier

7. TheCprogramminglanguagewasdevelopedin………………………..a)JavaLab b)AT&TBellLab c)MicrosoftCorporationd)SunMicroSystem

8. Thebasictypesarecollectivelycalledas………………..a)Constants b)Pointers c)Tokens d)Variables

9. Dataitemswhosevaluescannotbechangedare………..a)variables b)Tokens c)Constants d)Pointers

10. Asequenceofdigitsstartingwith……….istreatedasHexadecimalconstant?a)‘\XO’ b)‘\0’ c)‘\t’ d)‘\0x’

11. Asequenceofdigitsstartingwith……….istreatedasOctalconstant?a)1 b)0 c)OX d)XO

12. Whichofthefollowingistreatedasoctalconstant? a)010 b)810 c)0x8 d)0x113. 0.5864E1isequalto……………….. a)5.864 b)0.0586 c)58.64 d)0.586414. 5864E‐2isequalto…………………

a)0.5864 b)58.64 c)5.864 d)0.0586415. Stringliteralsaresurroundedby……….. a)’‘ b)“” c)() d){}16. Eachstringliteralisbydefaultaddedwithaspecialcharacter……………

a)‘\t’ b)‘\a’ c)‘\0’ d)‘\v’

10.PROBLEMSOLVINGTECHNIQUESANDCPROGRAMMING

One Mark


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17. Identifiersarealsocalledas……………..a)Tokens b)Integers c)Variables d)Constants

18. ………………….isdefinedasasymbolthatspecifiesanoperationtobeperformed.a)Operand b)Punctuator c)Constants d)Operator

19. ……………….operatorrequiresoneoperand.a)Logic b)Unary c)Binary d)Ternary

20. ………………..operatorrequirestwooperands.a)Binary b)Ternary c)Unary d)Noneofthese

21. ……………….operatorrequiresthreeoperands.a)Unary b)Binary c)Ternary d)Noneofthese

22. …………………..isaderiveddatatype.a)Function b)Pointer c)Reference d)Array

23. ………………isacollectionofhomogeneouselements.a)Structure b)Array c)Pointer d)Reference

24. …………………..istheassignmentoperator.a)== b)= c)& d)?:

25. ……………………operatorisaternaryoperator.a)Arithmetic b)Relational c)Logical d)Conditional

26. Themembersofthestructureareaccessedbyusinga/an………………. a)Incrementoperator c)Decrementoperator b)Scoperesolutionoperator d)Dotoperator27. Toreadavaluefromthekeyboardthe…………………………functionisused.

a)cin b)cout c)printf d)scanf28. Todisplaytheoutputtothemonitorscreen…………………functionisused.

a)printf b)cin c)scanf d)cout29. Ifa=5;c=a++;thenthevaluestoredincis……… a)6 b)7 c)5 d)430. Ifa=5;c=++a;thenthevaluestoredincis……… a)7 b)6 c)4 d)531. Ifa=5;c=a‐‐;thenthevaluestoredincis……… a)6 b)7 c)5 d)432. Ifa=5;c=‐‐a;thenthevaluestoredincis……… a)7 b)6 c)4 d)533. …………………..variablesareactuallylocalvariables.

a)auto b)static c)extern d)register34. Which operators are used to perform mathematical operations? a) Logical b) Arithmetic c) Relational d) Conditional 35. Which operators are used to compare the values? a) Logical b) Arithmetic c) Relational d) Conditional


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1. Givetwoimportantdifferencesbetweentheflowchartandpseudocode.

FlowChart PseudoCode

1. Itisgraphicalbased.2. Flow chart is usually graphically

representation.

1. Itistextbased.2. Pseudo‐codeis something written

inalanguage2. Giveoneexampleofamulti‐waybranching.Usepseudocode.

3. Giveoneexampleoftwo‐waybranching.Useaflowchart.

4. Giveoneexampleandillustratetheuseofanindex(Pointer)variable.Apointervariabledeclaresasfollowsintx=10,*y;y=&x;Herexisanordinaryvariable,yisanpointervariable.Hencewecanstoretheaddressofxiny.


ifageequalto18

youcannowvote

elseifageequalto39

youaremiddleaged

elseifageequalto65

youcanconsiderretirement


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5. GiveOneexampleillustratedefiniteiteration.#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum=1;while(num>10)printf(“\nWelcome”);num++;}

6. GiveOneexampleillustrateindefiniteiteration.#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum=10;while(num>5)printf(“\nHello”);}

7. Statethreedifferencesbetweendefiniteandindefiniteiterations.

DefiniteIterations IndefiniteIterations Indefinite loops, the number of

iterations is known before we start theexecutionofthebodyoftheloop.

Inindefinite loops, the number ofiterations is not known beforewe startto execute the body of the loop, butdepends on when a certain conditionbecomestrue.

8. Give one example wheremulti‐way branching ismore natural than two‐way

branching.Two‐way branching has only two options, Sometimes Two‐way branching is notenoughforsomequestions.Forexample“Whatisyourage?”theansweriscanbeoneofmanyintegers.Dependingontheanswerwemayhavetomakedifferentsetofcomputationsbygoingthroughdifferentpaths.Thatwhymulti‐waybranchisnaturalthantwowaybranchingstatement.


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9. Givethepropertiesofanalgorithm.Propertiesofanalgorithm:‐‐ItiswritteninsimpleEnglish.‐Eachstepofanalgorithmisuniqueandshouldbeselfexplanatory.‐Analgorithmmusthaveatleastoneinput.‐Analgorithmmusthaveatleastoneoutput.‐Analgorithmhasfinitenumberofsteps.

10. Whatistokens?TheCprogramiscomposedbybasictypesofelements.TheyareConstants,Identifiers,Operators, Punctuation, and Keywords. These basic types are collectively called astokens.

11. Whatisconstant?Constant isadata itemwhosevaluescannotbechanged.ConstantcanbenumericorNon‐numeric.

12. WhatisstringLiteral?StringLiteralisasequenceofcharacterssurroundedbydoublequotes.

13. Whatisidentifiers?Identifiersarealsocalledasvariables.Variablesarememoryboxesthatholdvaluesorconstants.

14. Whatarefundamentaldatatypes?1. Integer2. Float3. Char

15. Whatispointervariable?Apointervariablethatholdanothervariablememoryaddress.

16. Whatisoperator?Anoperatorisdefinedasasymbolthatspecifiesanoperationtobeperformed.

17. Whatisassignmentoperator?TheassignmentoperatorassignthevaluesoftheRight‐handoperandtotheleft‐handoperand.Ex:num=10;

18. WhatisConditionaloperator?WhatisTernaryOperator?conditionalexpression?expression1:expression2;if the conditional expression is true expression1 is evaluated. If the conditionalexpressionisfalse,expression2isevaluated.

19. Listanyfourpunctuators?; Usedtoterminateastatement, Usedtoseparateitems““ Usedtorepresentstringliterals() Usedtorepresentafunction


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20. Whatarethefourtypesofstorageclasses?1. Auto2. Static3. Extern4. Register

21. Whatisstructure?Structuresarederiveddatatype.Theyareusingvariablesofothertypes.

22. WhatisArray?AnArrayisacollectionofvariablesofsamedatatype.

23. WhatisMultidimensionalArray?AmultidimensionalarrayhasbeenconsideredasanarrayofarrayinClanguage.Ex:inta[3][3];

24. DifferencebetweenAutoandStaticvariables?Auto Static

Defines local variableknown to theblockinwhich they are defined. By default thelocalvariablesareautohencerarelyused

Staticmodifierallowsthevariabletoexistinthememoryofthecomputer,evenifitsfunction or block within which it isdeclared looses its scope. Hence thevariable also retains the last assignedvalue.

25. DifferencebetweenAutoandStaticvariables?

Extern Register

Global variable known to all functions inthe current program. These variables aredefinedinanotherprogram.

The modifier register instructs thecompiler to store the variable in the CPUregistertooptimizeaccess.


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1. Drawthedifferenttypesboxesusedinflowchartandexplaineachofthem.

StartandEnd

InputandOutput

Calculations

DecisionsMaking

Directionofcontrolflow Connector

Five Marks


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2. Explainthetwo‐waybranchingstatement(if…..elsestatement)withanexample.If the condition is true, statement1 is executed. If the condition is false, stament2 isexecuted.Example:#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum=50;if(num>51)printf(“\nHello”);elseprintf(“\nGoodBye”);}Theaboveprogram,iftheconditionistruetheoutputwillbeHello,iftheconditionisfalsetheoutputisGoodBye.

if(condition)statement1;elsestatement2;


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3. Explainmulti‐waybranching(SwitchStatement)statementwithanexample.Switchisamultiplebranchingstatement.Theswitchstatementtransferthecontroltoastatementwithinitsbody.ThesyntaxisExample:#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum;printf(“\nEnterthenumber1to3”);scanf(“%d”,&num);switch(num){case1:printf(“\nOne”); break;case2:printf(“\nTwo”); break;case3:printf(“\nThree”); break;default:printf(“\nInvalidnumber”);}}

Working of the program:

If n=1 then case1 will be executed and printed “One”, if n=2 then case2 will be executed and printed “Two”. If n=5 then default case will be executed and printed “Invalid Number”.

Include break in action block, in order to exit from switch statement.

switch(expression){caseconstant‐expression1; break;caseconstant‐expression2; break;defaultconstant‐expression3;}


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4. ExplainwhileloopwithanexampleThe while statement is used to execute the set of instructions repeatedly till thecondition specified remains true. Inwhile statement, the condition is tested at entrylevel.Example#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum=2;while(num<6)printf(“\nWelcome”);num++;}

1. Enter the loop. 2. Initializes the control variable num to 2. 3. The test condition is (num<6) is evaluated if the text condition is true. 4. Print the Welcome. 5. Increments num by 1. 6. Control is transferred to step 3. 7. End

while(condition)

{

statement;

}


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5. Explaindo…..whileloopwithanexample.Indo……whilestatement,theconditionistestedatexitlevelandhencethebodyoftheloopisexecutedatleastoncewhethertheconditiontrueorfalse.Example#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum=2;do{printf(“\nWelcome”);num++;}while(num<6);}

Working of the program:

1. Enter the loop. 2. Initializes the control variable num to 2. 3. Print the welcome. 4. Increments num by 1. 5. The test condition is (num<6) is evaluated if the text condition is true. 6. Control is transferred to step 3. 7. End

do{statement;}while(condition);


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6. Explainforloopwithanexample.In for loop the control variable is initialized first and then it is tested. If the testconditionistrue,thebodyoftheloopisexecuted,otherwisetheloopisterminated.Example:#include<stdio.h>main(){intnum;for(num=0;num<10;num++)printf(“\nWelcome”);}

The general working of for( ) loop is

1. Enter the loop. 2. Initializes the control variable num to 0. 3. The test condition is (num<10) is evaluated if the text condition is true. 4. Print the welcome. 5. Increments num by 1. 6. Control is transferred to step 3. 7. End.

for(initialization;condition;updation){bodyoftheloop;}


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1. TheabbreviationHTTPstandsfor………………………a)HyperTextTransferProtocol b)HighTextTransferProtocolc)HyperTestTransferProtocol d)HyperTextTrendProtocol

2. TheabbreviationHTMLstandsfor………………………a)HigherTextMarkupLanguage b)HyperTextMarkupLanguagec)HighTransferMarkingLanguage d)HyperTestMarkupLanguage

3. Awebdocumentstartwith…………….tagandendwith……………..tag.a)<HTML>,</HTML> b)<HEAD>,</HEAD> c)<TITLE>,</TITLE> d)<H1></H1>

4. Thetwopartsofawebpagedocumentare…………………sectionand……………..sectionofwebpage.a)Meta,Style b)HTML,TITLE c)Head,Body d)Title,Head

5. Themetatagsarealwaysplacedwithinthe………………..sectionofwebpage.a)<Body> b)<Title> c)<Html> d)<Head>

6. Theattribute………………isusedalongwith<body>tagtochangethebackgroundcolorofwebpagedocument.a)background‐color b)bgcolor c)bgimage d)bgsound

7. The<body> tagsuses…………………..attribute to load a background imageon thewebpage.a)picture b)background c)image d)sound

8. ….…………………attributeisusedtochangethecolorofthetextintheentirebodysection.a)sound b)image c)Text d)picture

9. Thereare……………………….headingtagswithdifferentfontcharacteristics.a)3 b)4 c)5 d)6

10. HTMLtableorganizedatainto……………….&………………….a)Row,Column b)Title,Head c)Title,Head d)Row,Head

11. Thetabledata<td>cellsare………………………….alignedbydefault.a)right b)left c)center d)Top

12. Thetablehead<th>cellsare…………………….alignedbydefault.a)Bottom b)Top c)Right d)Center

13. Whenastyletagisusedinthe………………itwillchangethedefaultcharacteristicsofthetagintheentirewebdocumentwhereverthattagisused.a)HeaderSection b)BodySection c)TitleSection d)TableSection

11.INTRODUCTIONTOWEBDESIGN

One Mark


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14. Ifthestyleisusedasanattribute,with…………….itwillaffectonlythattaginwhichitisspecified.a)HTML b)TCP c)HTTP d)Noneofthese

15. Thetags…………………..and…………………and……………….arenothavingclosedtags.a)<li>,<img>,<br> b)<h1>,<h2><h3> c)<ol><ul><li> d)Allofthese

16. Tocontrolthesizeofanimage,theattributes……………………and………………………areusedalongwith<img>tag.a)Breadth,Lengthb)Height,Length c)width,height d)length,width

17. The target…blank……..loads the webpage in a new blank browser window andtarget………Self………loadsthewebpageinthesamewindow.a) b) c) d)

18. If <frameset> tag is used, the………………………tag cannot appear in the same webdocument.a)<Body> b)<Head> c)<Title> d)<H1>

19. Thetagsthatdonothavecorrespondingendingtagsarecalled……………….tags.a)Unjoint b)Joint c)Unpaired d)Pair

20. Three types of list that are used to organize the information in the web pagesare…Orderedlist…and…UnorderedList…and…DefinitionList.a) b) c) d)

21. Thetag……………..isusedtocreatelinkinwebdocument.a)<Head> b)<b> c)<a> d)<H1>

22. Linksarealsocalledas………………..a)Connection b)Anchor c)Joint d)Noneofthese

23. Thepopularimageformatssupportedbythewebbrowsersare……………and………………a).Gifand.Jpg b).Mpegand.AVI c).bmpand.gif d)Allofthese

24. ReportsviewandNavigationViewandHyperlinkviewarethreeviewsprovidedbytheFrontpageeditorforawebpage.


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1. HowdoyouspecifyglobalstylesforHTMLtags?AstyleattributecanalsobeusedwithsomeHTMLtagstochangethecharacteristicsofthetagonwhichitisapplied.Ifthestyleisusedasanattribute,itwillaffectonlythattaginwhichtagitisspecified.

2. Howdoyoumakeawebpagetoreloadautomaticallyforevery10seconds?Sometimeweneedreloadthewebpage.Soweuseattributehttp‐equivExample:<metahttp‐equiv=”refresh”content=”10”>Thecurrentwebpageisrefreshorreloadedevery10seconds.

3. Whatistheneedofreloadingwebpage?In some wed documents, the contents are changing the periodically. So we have torefreshthepageagaintoviewthenewcontents.

4. Howdoyoumakeanimageasahyperlink?Ahyperlinkcanconsistofimage.Thefollowingcodemakeanimageasahyperlink<ahref=”http://www.tn.gov.in”><imgsrc=”abc.gif”></a>

5. Differentiatebetween the<style> tagandstyleattributeusedwithsomeothertag.

style StyletagwithotherattributeA style tag is used to change thecharacteristics of a particular tag in theentirewebdocumentwhereverthattagisused.

A style tag is used to with other tag, thedefaultcharacteristicsof thetaghasbeenmodified.

6. Whataretheattributesusedalongwiththe<font>tag.The<font>tagcanbeusedwithitsface,sizeandcolorattributes.

7. Howdoyoualignimageswithintext?Thetextaftertheimageisalignedatbottombydefault.Toalignthetextandimageinthemiddleortopusingthefollowingcode.<imgsrc=”abc.gif”align=middle>Welcome<imgsrc=”abc.gif”align=top>Welcome

8. Howdoyouplaybackgroundmusicinawebdocument?The<bgsound> tagdirects thebrowser toplaya sound file.Theaudio file shouldbespecifiedusingthesrcattribute.<bgsoundsr=abc.auloop=infinite>



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9. Howdoyouplaymovieinawebbrowser?Toplayamovieinthebrowser,the<img>tagcanbeusedwithdynsrcattributesofthe<img>tag.<imgdynsrc=”abc.mpeg”width=150height=150>

10. WhatarethedifferenttypesoflistsofferedbyHTML?TherearethreedifferenttypesoflistavailableinHTML,theyare1. OrderedList2. UnorderedList3. DefinitionList

11. Discuss the attributes associated with the <meta> tag and explain theirpurpose.

Metatagwithattributes Purpose

<metaname=”Author”content=”Albert”>

Thename attribute of the <meta> tag isused to identify theuserdefinedvariablesand the content attribute is used toidentifythevaluesofthosevariables.

<metahttp‐equiv=”refresh”content=”10”>The current webpage is refresh orreloadedevery10seconds.


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1. WriteHTML code to create a table of3 rows and3 columnswith appropriateborderandshowanimageineachcell.

<HTML>

<BODY>

<TABLEBORDER=2>

<TR><TD><IMGSRC="ABC.GIF"></TD><TD><IMGSRC="ABC.GIF"></TD><TD><IMGSRC="ABC.GIF"></TD></TR>



</TABLE>

</BODY>

</HTML>

2. Discusstheattributesusedalongwiththe<frame>tag.

FrametagdividesawebpageintosectionsthateachhasadifferentHTMLsourcepageandtheirownsetofscrollbars.Frameattributes

Attributes Value Description

<framesetrows=”64,*”>

The attribute rows=”64,*” means that thefirst frame will take up 64 rows of thewindow and second framewill take up therest.Anasteriskmeansthattherowwilltakeupwhateverspaceisleft.

ScrollingYesNoauto

Specifieswhetherornottodisplayscrollbarsinaframe.

noresize noresize Specifiesthataframeisnotresizable.

src URLSpecifiestheURLofthedocumenttoshowinaframe.

Five Marks


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3. HowdoyoucreateWebsiteusingFrontPageeditor?1. OpentheFrontPageEditorandselectFileNewWeb..

2. SelectthetypeofWebyouwanttocreateandenteralocationforthewebinthebox

providedbeginningwithhttp://

3. ClickOKandwaitforFrontPagetofinishcreatingtheweb.ClickFolderviewtosee

theinitialpagethatwascreatedalongwithtwofolders.Theimagesfolderiswhere

youwillplaceallyourgraphicsandphotos.

4. ClickonReportsviewtoseealistofreportsforthesite.Asyouconstructyourweb,

thispagewillbemuchmoreuseful.Fromherewecanidentifyandcorrectbroken

hyperlinks.

5. ClickNavigationviewtoseethenavigationlayoutofthewebpage.

6. Hyperlinkviewallowsyoutomanagethelinksonyourwebpage.

7. Wecansaveall thepageswithinthewebthatwascreatedbytheFrontPage.The

FrontPageprovidethecodeforallpagescreatedbyit.

4. Howdoyouaddtext,imageandtableusingFrontPageeditor?UsingtheFrontPageEditorwecanaddtext,imageandtableasfollows.1. AddingText

Pulldownmenuthatallowsyoutoselectvariousfonts.Besuretochecktheseoutthroughyourbrowser.

2. AddingImageClick the InsertImage Command. The Image dialog box is opened. Select theimagefilesthatyouwantandclickOKbutton.Nowimagewillbeaddedinourwebpage.

3. AddingtableAquickwaytocreateasmalltableisusingthetablebuttononthestandardtoolbar.Clickthebuttonanddragthemouseoverthegrid,highlightingthecellsthatshouldappearonthetable.Whenthetablesizehasbeenselected,clickthemousebuttonagain.


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4. ExplainthedifferenttypesofuserinLinux.TherearefourtypesuserintheLinuxSystem.

1. TheSystemAdministratororRoottheuser

TheSystemAdministrator(SA)isprimarilyresponsibleforthesmoothfunctioningofthesystem.TheSAalso createshomedirectories for theusers andSAdoes the service togroupsofusersforthesystem.TheSAistheonlyonetouseCDorfloppyinthesystemandtakesthebackupstopreventlossofdataduetosystembreakdown.InLinuxtheSAisalsoknownasrootuserorsuperuser.Theprompt for therootuser is#.While thepromptforotheris$.

2. FileOwner

Theuserwhocreatesa file is said tobe theownerof that file.Theownerofa filecanperformanyoperationonthatfilesuchascopying,deletingandediting.Fileownercanexecutethefileaccesspermissionbychmodcommand.

3. GroupOwner

Agroupofpeoplewhoworkonasingleprojectshouldsharetheirfilesforefficiency.Thefiles are created in the group leader’s home directory. All the members of the groupsharetheirfiles.Thesegroupofpeopleiscalledgroupusers.

4. OtherUsers

All theusersof thesystemwhoarenotmembersofaprojectgrouparereferred toasotherusers forthefilesof thatgroup.Otherusersareuserswhodonotbelongtothatparticulargroup.


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4. What isWordPad?HowdoyoustartWordPad?WritethepartsoftheWordPad

window.WordPad is a simple word processor that comes along with windows. A Wordprocessorisaprogramthatallowsyoutotypeandstoretext.TheCommandisusedtoopentheWordPadStartAllProgramsAccessoriesWordPad

i) TitleBar

Titlebardisplaythenameoftheapplication.

ii) MenuBar

This displays the different types ofmenu.We select any one option from thismenu

suchasFileSave.

iii) Toolbar

Toolbar consists of icons representing shortcuts for the most frequently used

commands.

iv) MinimizeButton

Thisbuttonisusedtoreducethesizeofthewindowtoabuttononthetaskbar.

v) RestoreButton

Thisbuttonisusedtorestorethewindowtoitsoriginalsize.

vi) MaximizeButton

Thisbuttonisusedtoenlargethewindowtofilltheentiredesktop.

vii) CloseButton

Thisbuttonisusedtocloseawindow.


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7.ExplaintheHalfAdderwithtruthtable.

A half adder sums two binary digits to give a sum and a carry. This simple additionconsistsoffourpossibleoperations.0+0=00+1=11+0=11+1=10Thefirstthreeoperationsproduceasingledigitsum,whilefourthoneproducestwodigitsum.The higher significant bit in this operation is called carry. So the carry of the firstthreeoperationsare‘0’.Wherethefourthoneproducestheacarry‘1’.


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Somecommonfile‐handlingcommandsare

command Function

.cat Displaythecontentsoffiles

.more Displaythecontentsofspecifiedfilepagebypage.

.teeDisplaythecontentsofthefileonthescreenandcopiesintothespecifiedfile.

.pipe Takesdataformonecommandtoanothercommand

.> Takesdatatothefile

.< Takesdatafromthefiletothecommand

.rm Removestheafileordirectory

.mv Movesorerenamesfilesanddirectories

.mount Commandshouldtaketwoarguments

.umount Unmountsafilesystem.

.fd0 Referencesthefirstfloppydriveattachedtoyoursystem.

.date Usedtoviewandchangethecurrentsystemdateandtime

.tputclear Clearsthecontentsofthescreen

.tputcup Usedtopositionthecursoronaspecifiedrowandcolumn

.man DisplaythehelponanyLinuxcommand

+1 Computer Science Study Material - TNBEDCSVIPS...தம ழ ந ட ப .எட கண ன அற...

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