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Chapter 16Chapter 16

Speeches to Speeches to InformInform

“Obviously, a man’s judgment cannot be better than the information on which

he has based it.”

– Arthur Hays Sultzberger, publisher New York Times

Types of Informative Types of Informative SpeechesSpeeches

Public Lecture Status Report Briefing Fireside Chat Chalk Talk

Types of Informative Types of Informative SpeechesSpeeches

Public Lecture Special interest or expertise, invited to

speak Conventions, Organizations

Status Report Update on project Business and social groups

Types of Informative Types of Informative SpeechesSpeeches

Briefing Changes in policy or procedure Coaches, editors, politicians

Fireside Chats Addressing concerns FDR, can be used by heads of organizations to

discuss policies and goals

Chalk Talk Use visual aids to give directions Coaches, directors with blocking, drivers’ ed

What may follow Informative What may follow Informative Speeches?Speeches?

Question and answer period

The Six Cs of Informative The Six Cs of Informative SpeakingSpeaking

Be Clear Will everyone understand?

Be Concise Will I waste anyone’s time?

Be Complete Have I defined the major points

(advance organizers)? Be Correct

Have I checked facts? Be Concrete

Do I have examples? Connect

Will my audience relate?

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5

6

Finding a SubjectFinding a Subject

Personal Experience You are an expert on something

Observations Read, attend a meeting, interview

Surveys Find out what people want to know

Then narrow

How to NarrowHow to Narrow

Time - period Space - geography Extent covered Divide - single elements

How to Narrow a ThesisHow to Narrow a Thesis

Thesis is the goal of a speech or the thought on which the speech is based

Examples: Teenagers and Fads

• Slang used often comes from movies. Healthy lifestyles

• Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables reduces chances of getting cancer.

Famous Musicians• Beethoven’s hearing loss may have helped him

compose.

Supporting the ThesisSupporting the Thesis

Use Facts Statistics Evidence

Also use Anecdotes Quotations Definitions Descriptions

Audio and Visual AidsAudio and Visual Aids

Sight is our most dominant sense. We pay 25 times as much attention to

visual information

than to other types.

Two-Dimensional AidsTwo-Dimensional Aids

Charts Diagrams Maps Graphs Drawings Photographs Cartoons

Specific PurposeSpecific Purpose Chart

List information Diagram

Show how something works Map

Show routes, locations, relationships Graphs

Make numbers tangible - show relationships in data

Drawings, Photos and Cartoons Pictures are worth a thousand words

Means of DevelopingMeans of Developing

Chalkboard Weakness is you turn your back and quality

Handouts Weakness is the distraction

Projections Overhead - weakness is quality, noise, and can’t build Slides/Powerpoint - Vivid, professional, but can be overused

with too many and dark slides require a dark room

Video Create your own or use a clip, but can make an

awkward break

Three-Dimensional AidsThree-Dimensional Aids

Models Cutaways Just use them! And Sound Recordings

Guidelines for Using AidsGuidelines for Using Aids

Large enough Master mechanics Make sure it contributes Don’t stand in front of it Talk to audience not visual Keep out of sight until ready to use Don’t over do Make sure you have backup Practice, practice, practice

Recalling the FactsRecalling the Facts

Why are each of the 6 Cs of informative speaking important?

Why is it often difficult to imagine what our listeners are thinking?

Where can you get ideas about what subject to speak on?

Why is it important to narrow your topic? What will help you decide what material belongs

in your speech and what doesn’t? What purpose do audio/visual aids serve? What are some guidelines for using visual aids?

Look Back on Page 467 of textbook

VocabularyVocabulary

public lecture status report Briefing fireside chat chalk talk advance organizer cultural literacy Narrowing thesis anecdote

quotation definition map diagram graph handout overhead projector model cutaway

Speech terms page 437 in textbook