1 Chapter-1&3 The Overview of Bank, it’s Structure and Services Md. Masukujjaman, Lecturer, NUB.
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Transcript of 1 Chapter-1&3 The Overview of Bank, it’s Structure and Services Md. Masukujjaman, Lecturer, NUB.
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Chapter-1&3
The Overview of Bank, it’s Structure and Services
Md. Masukujjaman, Lecturer, NUB
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• A bank is a Financial intermediary accepting deposits and granting loans; offers the widest menu of services to any financial institution. Bank actually links the people whose have
abundant of fund and who have not in a dedicated and systematic way and becomes the part of development of any economy and country.
Like other FI, Bank also sell their financial asset and thereby accommodate financing and investment
What is Bank?
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• Management of a bank’s daily operations perfectly within some rules and regulations through some sophisticated as well as traditional ( long term practice) way can be regarded as the bank management. Controlling ranges from the deposit ,lending, fund ,defending external and internal threat especially the goodwill of the banks indeed.So, Management of banks functions efficiently is called bank management
What is Bank Management?
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• Market where financial instruments
are traded on • Can be classified broadly as
– Capital market (share, bond)
Market place: DSE,CSE (controlled by SEC) Participants- investors and borrowers(company)
– Money market (debt, banker’s acceptance)Market place: Banking and non banking institutions
(controlled by central bank -Bangladesh Banks) Participants- Savers and borrowers
Financial Market & Banks
Bangladesh Bank
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• Each of the country actually control their economy by– Fiscal policy
• Related with the control of money flow by the tax and government expenditure
– Monetary Policy• Involve with control of money flow of the
economy through Central Banks reserve and lending policy .
Economic policy and banks
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• Brief Sketch of Banking System in Bangladesh• Finance Division
Bangladesh Bank (Central bank)
SOCBs PCBs FCBs SOSCB NBFIs
» •SOCB-State Owned Commercial Bank (4 nos.)» •FCPCB-Private Commercial Bank (30 nos.)» B-Foreign Commercial Bank (9 nos.)» •SCB-Specialized Commercial Bank (5 nos)» •NBFI-Non Banking financial Institution (29 nos)
Banking system of Bangladesh
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State owned commercial Banks
– Sonali Bank – Janata Bank – Agrani Bank – Rupali Bank
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• AB Bank Ltd • BRAC Bank Limited • Eastern Bank Limited • Dutch Bangla Bank Limited • Dhaka Bank Limited • Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd • Pubali Bank Limited • Uttara Bank Limited • IFIC Bank Limited • National Bank Limited • The City Bank Limited • United Commercial Bank Limited • NCC Bank Limited • Prime Bank Limited • SouthEast Bank Limited • Al-Arafah Islami Bank Limited
• Social Islami Bank Limited • Standard Bank Limited • One Bank Limited • Exim Bank Limited • Mercantile Bank Limited • Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited • Mutual Trust Bank Limited • First Security Islami Bank Limited • The Premier Bank Limited • Bank Asia Limited • Trust Bank Limited • Shahjalal Islami Bank Limited • Jamuna Bank Limited • ICB Islami Bank • Moon Bank Limited • United Bank Limited
Private commercial Banks
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• Citibank na • HSBC • Standard Chartered Bank • Commercial Bank of Ceylon • State Bank of India • Habib Bank • National Bank of Pakistan • Wo Bank • Bank Alfalah
Foreign commercial Banks
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• Grameen Bank • Bangladesh Krishi Bank (Govt.)• Bangladesh Development Bank Ltd (Govt.)• Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank (Govt.)• Basic Bank Ltd (Bank of Small Industries and
Commerce) (Govt.)• Bangladesh Somobay Bank Limited(Cooperative
Bank) (Govt.)• Ansar VDP Unnyan Bank (Govt.)• Karmosangesthan Bank • Exim Bank
Specialized development commercial Banks
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• Depository institutions offering commercial loans operated under the ‘Non Banking Financial Institutions Order, 1989’ of Bangladesh Bank.– NGOs , Leasing firms, insurance com’s,
etc.Non bank financial institution is now becoming the competitor of the bank with their similar packages of services.
Non-banking Financial Institutions
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• Traditional bank services:– Offering savings deposits– Carrying out currency exchanges– Discounting commercial notes and making
business loan – Safekeeping of valuables and certification of
value– Supporting government activities with credit– Offering checking accounts (Demand
deposits)– Offering trust services
Services banks offer to public
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• Recently added bank services:– Granting consumer loans– Financial advising– Cash management– Offering equipment leasing– Making venture capital loans– Selling insurance services– Selling retirement plan
Services banks offer to public
Large door to an old bank vault
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• Dealing in securities:– Security brokerage services and
security loan– Offering mutual funds and annuities.– Offering merchant banking servicesd
Services banks offer to public
Because of having extensive competition with the non-bank institute, banks are increasingly becomes the “one stop”
service provider
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• The many different roles banks play in the economy:– Intermediation role– Payment role– Guarantor role– Risk management role– Savings role/investment advisor loan– Safekeeping /certification of value
rol– Policy role
Role of banks for economy
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A. Special Loan Scheme:• Consumer credit scheme• Personal loan• Small Business Loan• Building repair loan
B. Saving deposit scheme:• Savings Accounts• Short Term Deposit Accounts• Fixed deposit receipt Accounts• Double benefit deposit scheme• Monthly deposit scheme
C. International Banking:• 1. Foreign currency accounts• 2. Non-Resident Foreign Currency Deposit
Account• 3. Resident Foreign Currency Deposit Account
Illustration of banks services in BD (Uttara Bank)
Source: Uttara Bank ltd. retrieved on 2010, Website:www.uttarabank-bd.com
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• Trends:– Service proliferation– Rising competition– Deregulation– Rising funding costs (existence of stock mkt.)
– Technological revolution.– Consolidation and Geographic
expansion– Globalization of banking– Increased risk of failure
Trends demanding efficient bank management
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Loan officerCredit analystLoan workout specialistMergers of Bank operationBranch ManagersSystem analyst Auditing and control
personelBank examiner and
specialist
• Trust department specialist
• Teller• Security analyst and
trader• Marketing personnel• Human resource
managers• Investment banking
specialist• Bank training specialist
Career opportunities in Banking
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Factors Affecting Organisational Structure of Banks
Banks can be classified into three groups in terms of size and asset concentration – small, medium and large.
The following are the factors affecting organisational structure:SizeServices offeredTechnology – new skills, management style etc.
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Board of Directors
Chief Administrative Officer (Board Chairman/President/CEO/Managing Director
Accounting & Operations Division
Accounting & AuditDepartment
Operations(check clearing, posting,Account verification, &
Customer complaint)
Fund-Raising &Marketing Division
Tellers orCustomer Service officers
New Accounts
Advertising &Planning
Lending DivisionOr Loans Department
Commercial Loan Officers
Consumer LoanOfficers
TrustDivision
Personal Trusts
BusinessTrusts
Organizational Structure of Banks20
Illustration:1
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Board of Director
Managing Director
Secretariat
Public Relation Secretariat of M.D.
General Manager Adm.& A/C.
General Manager Operating
General Manager Audit& Recovery
General Service Dept. Resource & evelopment Dept
Loan Recovery Dept-1.
Central Account Dept-1
Budget& Cost Control Dept.
Loan Recovery Dep-2.
Central Account Dept-2
Branch control Dept.
Loan Recovery Dept-2
Personnel Management Dept.
Loan & Advance Dept-2
Regional Audit office- 18
Training institute Loan & Advance Dept-1
LPO Dhaka Branch
Zonal Office
Rajshahi
Regional Office
Naugoan
Regional Office
Nawabgong
Regional Office Natore
Zonal Office Pabna
Regional Office
Sirajganj
Regional Office Rangpur
Regional Office Thakurgoan
Regional Office Phanchogor
Regional Office
Dinajpur
Zonal Office
Dinajpur
Regional Office
Lalmonirhat
Regional Office
Nilfamary
Regional Office Kurigram
Regional Office
Gaibanda
Regional Office Natore
Zonal Office Pabna
Regional Office
Sirajganj Branch 15
Branch 17
Branch 16
Branch 17
Branch 18
Branch 17
Branch 18
Branch 22
Branch 13
Branch 17
Branch 19
Branch 19
Branch 21
Branch 13
Branch 16
Branch 14
Branch 15
Branch 12
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Illustration:2
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Board of Directors• Comprises of directors Appointment from the Promoters/share
holders heading a Chairman. Appointed/approved by the Government
• No rules regarding no. of members in a board of director .In America it is 5-25 (practiced).
• No specific qualification (academic) is not required. but must not be insolvent and be a sound person.
Responsibilities:• Formulating policies• Appointment of CEO• Appointment of chairman of Board of Directors• Taking Investment decision of the bank• Call for money issuing share
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Managing Director
Responsibilities:
• Oversee the total administrative matter
• Regulate the daily operation
• Have the authority to take decision (not policy decision)
• Recruit employee through HRD
• Act as the secretary of the board of directors meeting
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Standing committee• Executive committee
• Loan committee
• Investment committee
• Salary and employee relation committee
• Audit committee
• Trust committee etc.
• Risk management committee.
Beside these banks also form Special Committee for special occasions or situations.
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Types of banks (Structural)
• Unit Banking
• Branch banking
• Bank Holding Company Organisation/Chain banking
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Unit banking –
Banking system whereby all services of banks are offered from one office.
- Such office may have offer facilities such as, drive-in windows, automated teller machines, retail store point-of-sale terminals that are linked to the banks’ computers system, and internet website.
It facilitates in the following way:Greater controlPrompt decisionGreater verification of operation and functionOffering unique product and services.
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Branch banking Branch banking is a system where full range banking services are
offered from several locations, including a head office, and other one or more full-service branch offices.
– Head office or registered office is guided and managed and controlled by a single board of directors, of which the MD is the CEO
– Actual operation is performed at the braches but controlled by the branches through manual, instructions, guidelines ,statements etc.
– Branches are managed by the managers having appropriate business, financial, administrative power delegated to head office.
– Each Brach is treated as separate unit for business and performance purpose. But for total performance the brach performance is aggregated.
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Advantages- Branching allows for greater efficiency- It provides for easy, improved and convenience services to customers-Branching reduces transaction costs for customers-Branch provides security against the risk of failure –as it leads to increase in assets- It leads to growth in the banking industry
that is
• Scale of operation• Risk diversification• More coverage in utilization of Fund• Area development
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Disadvantages
- Full branching may lead to increase in operation/service cost
- It may lead to edging out of competitors
- It may lead to variation in type and quality of services of a bank
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Bank Holding Company Organisation/Chain banking –
This is a form of banking organisation whereby companies act as corporations chartered for the purpose of holding stock (equity shares) of one or more banks. This facilitates access to large pool of capital at the capital market
- One-bank Holding Companies
- Multi-bank Holding companies
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Thank You Very Much