1 CANTO 21 st Annual Conference Session 1 Regulatory and Policy OECD EXPERIENCES WITH...
-
Upload
esther-lawrence -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of 1 CANTO 21 st Annual Conference Session 1 Regulatory and Policy OECD EXPERIENCES WITH...
1
CANTO 21st Annual Conference
Session 1 Regulatory and Policy
OECD EXPERIENCES WITH TELECOMMUNICATION LIBERALISATION
Dimitri YpsilantiOECD
[email protected]/sti/telecom
2
What is the OECD? A forum in which governments work together to address
the economic, social and environmental challenges of interdependence and globalisation– Committees and Working Parties (about 200)– Some 40 000 senior officials from national
administrations come to OECD meetings each year– Working Party on Telecommunications and Information
Services Policies: www.oecd.org/sti/telecom A provider of comparative data, analysis and forecasts to
underpin multilateral co-operation Today the OECD has 30 member countries (+BIAC,TUAC) More than 70 developing and transition economies are
engaged in working relationships with the OECD
3
A global outreach
OECD Member CountriesCountries/Economies Engaged in Working Relationships with the OECD
4
Progressive Liberalisation: Competition in Mobile Markets
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Number of country
Four or moreoperators
Three operators
Duopoly
Monopoly
5
OECD: Telecommunication Investment1994 -2003
0
50 000
100 000
150 000
200 000
250 000
300 000
350 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
USD millions
spectrum revenues
investment
6
Growth in Network Coverage and Access Increase in access to networks Discernable shift between platforms Decrease in fixed lines in 2002 and 2003 from peak in 2001 Cellular Mobile substitution (741 million mobile subscribers at end 2003) Broadband substitution (less demand for ISDN and second residential lines)
– Overall increase in access: 1.4 billion access paths (fixed + mobile + broadband) in 2003 which is double 1997
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Millions of subscribers
Cable Modem Subscribers
DSL Subscribers
Cellular mobile subscribers
Fixed netw ork channels
7
Increasing Importance of Communication Services
Communications remains the fastest-growing consumption sector in the OECD
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Communications
Health
Education
Clothing & footwear
Food & non alcoholic
Furnishings
Housing
Year 1990 = 100
8
Public Telecommunication Revenue per capita, 1993 , 2003
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Switz
erla
nd
Uni
ted
King
dom
Uni
ted
Stat
es
Icel
and
Japa
n
Luxe
mbo
urg
Swed
en
Net
herla
nds
Irela
nd
Den
mar
k
Finl
and
Nor
way
Aust
ria
Ger
man
y
OEC
D
New
Zea
land
Belg
ium
Portu
gal
Can
ada
Aust
ralia
Spai
n
Italy
Fran
ce
Gre
ece
Hun
gary
Kore
a
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Slov
ak R
epub
lic
Pola
nd
Mex
ico
USD
1993 2003
9
Broadband take-up over first 10 years is faster than previous services across the OECD
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10
Million
Cellular Subscribers (1985-1995)
Broadband Subscribers (1997-2003)
Narrow-band Internet subscribers(fixed network) (1992-2001)
ISDN Subscribers (1989-1999)
*2003 broadband data based on June 2003 adjusted for full year
10
Broadband penetration rates, 2004
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
DSL Cable Other
Broadband subscribers per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2004
OECD average
11
Unbundling & Local Competition Development of local competition slow: (UK 18% of subscriber lines,
Denmark 16%, US 14%) Argument that unbundling can slow down investment in upgrading local
loops (leads to service and not facilities competition) Arguments that direct access has negative implications on investment
ignore the fact that without adequate levels of competition the pace of investment in upgrading local loop will likely be much slower.
Direct access provides an incentive to both the incumbent and new entrant to upgrade local loops and invest in new infrastructure.
The slow rate in the provision of ISDN, and high ISDN prices, has borne this latter argument out.
It is It is unlikely that a new entrant will be deterred from making new investment because it has access to an unbundled loop. On the contrary access to that loop increases its customer base, and provides immediate revenue facilitating new investment.
12
Competition and Prices: Residential and Business Charges
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160Index 1990=100
Fixed
Usage
Total
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160Index 1990=100
Fixed
Usage
Total
13
OECD Composite Residential basket, February 2005USD PPP, VAT included
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Pola
nd
Mex
ico
Hun
gary
Slov
ak R
ep.
Turk
ey
Cze
ch R
ep.
Portu
gal
Aust
ralia
New
Zea
land U
SA
OEC
D A
vera
ge
Gre
ece
Belg
ium
Spai
n
Italy
Kore
a
Finl
and
Fran
ce
Japa
n
Ger
man
y
Net
herla
nds
Can
ada
Irela
nd
Luxe
mbo
urg U
K
Aust
ria
Nor
way
Switz
erla
nd
Den
mar
k
Swed
en
Icel
and
USD PPP
Fixed Usage
14
Quality of Service: Faults per line
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1990 2003
Faults per 100 lines per year, 1990 and 2003
15
Substitution and Universal Service
109.4
154.0
220.4
320.4451.5
4.2 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.1 3.6 3.2
535.2 585.9 642.2
1.0
10.0
100.0
1000.0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Mobile subscribers per 1 000 inhabitants Payphones per 1 000 inhabitants