1. Basic Electronic Component.pptx

8/10/2019 1. Basic Electronic Component.pptx

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BASIC ELECTRONIC

COMPONENT

LECTURE 1


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1. RESISTOR

2. CAPACITOR

3. DIODE4. LED

5. TRANSISTOR


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Resistor

Resistor is an electrical component that reduces theelectric current.

The resistor's ability to reduce the current is called

resistance and is measured in units of ohms(symbol: ).

If we make an analogy to water flow through pipes,the resistor is a thin pipe that reduces the waterflow.


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Types of Resistor


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Calculate total resistance value Rt :

Rt =


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Calculate total resistance value Rt :

Rt =


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Kirchhoffs Voltage Law

in any closed loop network, the total voltagearound the loop is equal to the sum of all thevoltage drops within the same loop


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Calculate the VT

VT=


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Using Kirchoff`s Voltage Law, find the

current,I

I =


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Kirchoffs Current Law

total current or charge entering a junction ornode is exactly equal to the charge leaving thenode as it has no other place to go except to leave,

as no charge is lost within the node


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Find the I3

I3=


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Find the IX

IX=


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Capacitor

Capacitor is a passive element that stores electriccharge statistically and temporarily as an staticelectric field. It is composed of two parallel

conducting plates separated by non-conductingregion that is called dielectric, such as vacuum,ceramic, air, aluminum, etc.


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Paper Capacitor

Types of Capacitor

CeramicCapacitor

ElectrolyticCapacitor

PlasticCapacitor

Mica

Capacitor


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How to read Capacitor ?


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Determine the value of Capacitors

0.01 F 0.15 F 0.47 F


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Parallel Capacitor


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Series Capacitor


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Diode

Specialized electronic component with twoelectrodes called the anode and the cathode.

Most diodes are made with semiconductor

materials such as silicon, germanium, orselenium.

Diodes can be used as rectifiers, signal limiters,voltage regulators, switches, signal modulators,

signal mixers, signal demodulators, andoscillators.


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Symbol of Diode


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Function of Diode

A diode is a simple electrical device that allowsthe flow of current only in one direction. So it

can be said to act somewhat like a switch. Aspecific arrangement of diodes can convert AC topulsating DC, hence it is sometimes also calledas a rectifier.


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Light Emmiting Diode (LED)

LED lights are the latest technology in energyefficient lighting. LED stands for Light EmittingDiode a semiconductor device that

converts electricity into light. LED lights are super energy efficient, using

approximately 85% less energy than halogen orincandescent lighting meaning significantsavings on power bills. LED lights also have amuch longer lifespan than other types of lighting


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Comparison between the LED with

others


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Incandescentlight

CFL light

LEDHalogenlight

Types of Light


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Polarity of LED


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Internal Architecture


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As LEDs are solid state components, they areresistant to damage by impact shock or vibration

unlike fluorescent and incandescent lamps whichare fragile.

LEDs are ideal for use in applications that aresubject to frequent on/off switching, whereasfluorescent lamps which can burn out quickly whenswitched frequently and require several minutesbefore re-starting.

LEDs light up very quickly, typically inmilliseconds. Dimmable and colour changingversions are also available for flexibility and controlin any lighting application.


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TRANSISTOR

A transistor is an electronic component used in acircuit to control a large amount

of current or voltage with a small amount ofvoltage or current.

Acting as a switch.


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Transistors are manufactured in different shapesbut they have three leads (legs).

1. TheBASE- which is the lead responsible foractivating the transistor.

2. The COLLECTOR- which is the positive lead.

3. TheEMITTER- which is the negative lead.


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Types of Transistor


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Two Diode Analogy


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Voltage and Current Characteristic of

Diode


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1. Basic Electronic Component.pptx

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