1 AIM: How did the Qin Dynasty unify China?221- 207 BCE DO NOW: Describe the dynastic cycle in your...

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AIM: How did the Qin Dynasty unify China?221-207 BCE

DO NOW: Describe the dynastic cycle in your own words

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Review

Dynastic CycleMandate of HeavenConfucianismDaoismLegalism

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Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi

Took the throne at the age of 13

Conquered 6 rival warring states to unify China in 221 B.C.E.

Formed a centralized government

Network of roads and canals,Standardized weights,

measures and currencyFormalized the written

language.



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Qin Tyrant1000’s died completing

the Great Wall and his tomb

His name evolved into the

Western word for China.



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Standardization

Prior to Qin, each kingdom minted its own currency (money) in various shapes, sizes and weights.

Each kingdom also had its own system of weights and measurements

Qin standardized currencyStandardization: All kingdoms use the same

money and system of weights and measurements


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Learning Check

What do you think Qin’s greatest accomplishment was? Explain why.

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The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China was originally a project of the Qin dynasty designed to keep out the nomadic invaders from the north.



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The Great Wall

Was mainly built from earth, stones and wood The wall had defensive fighting stations More than 10,000 watch towers (which were used to

store weapons, house troops, and send smoke signals), each tower had unique and restricted stairways and entries to confuse attackers.



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The

Great

Wall

Is the world's largest man-made structure, stretching over 3,948 miles



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TheGreatWall

Communication between the army units along the length of the Great Wall, including the ability to call reinforcements and warn garrisons of enemy movements, was of high importance. Signal towers were built upon hill tops or other high points along the wall for their visibility.



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Great Wall The emperor

thought the wall

would bring peace

to the nation but

the nation was

weakened by the heavy cost of the construction Ditches along the wall were filled with corpses of men

who died building the wall Deaths of wall workers are estimated to exceed one

million



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The Great Wall’s

Great Cost Taxation became heavier and heavier. Some 3,500,000 people were involved in the building

of the Great Wall. That was 70% of the total population of China at that time.

For each worker working on the wall, six were required to feed and support them.

Construction of the Qin wall became the most hated imperial project in Chinese history.



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Learning Check

Do you think the Great Wall of China was positive or negative for China?

Explain your response

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Fall of Qin In 209 BCE, 1 year after Qin’s death, the peasant revolted against building the wall

The Mandate of Heaven for the Qin Dynasty had ended

Within 10 years much of the wall was a neglected ruin.

The northern border of China was now open to invaders again.



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Learning Check

Why did the Qin dynasty eventually fail?

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Terra Cotta SoldiersQin had his tomb designed with 1000’s of clay soldiers to guard his final resting place



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Terra Cotta Soldiers Those who knew the tomb's

secrets were buried alive with their Emperor.

Qin's dynasty was overthrown, however, just a few years after his death.

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The site of the pottery army was burned and lost to

history for more than 2,000 years.



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ActivityRead and Annotate Article on the Great

Wall of Chinahttp://www.history.com/topics/great-wall

-of-china Perhaps the most recognizable symbol of China and its long and vivid history, the Great

Wall of China actually consists of numerous walls and fortifications, many running parallel to each other. Originally conceived by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (c. 259-210 B.C.) in the third century B.C. as a means of preventing incursions from barbarian nomads into the Chinese Empire, the wall is one of the most extensive construction projects ever completed. The best-known and best-preserved section of the Great Wall was built in the 14th through 17th centuries A.D., during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Though the Great Wall never effectively prevented invaders from entering China, it came to function more as a psychological barrier between Chinese civilization and the world, and remains a powerful symbol of the country's enduring strength.

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