1

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. Sensory and motor innervation of the whole lower limb arises from the spinal roots L1-S4

Lumbal plexusSacral plexus

3

. Anterior rami of upper 4 lumbar spinal nerves (+L5) and from the contribution of subcostal nerve (T12)

in the lumbar region, within the psoas major muscle.

4

. L1 gives rise to the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nervesiliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

L1 + L2 gives rise to the genitofemoral nerve genitofemoral nerve

L2 + L3 gives rise to the lateral femoral cutaneous lateral femoral cutaneous

L2 + L3 + L4 give rise to the femoral and obturator nerves femoral and obturator nerves

L4 + L5 give rise to the lumbosacral trunk which joins sacral nerves to form the sacral plexus.

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(L2-L4) largest branch both motor and sensory.

Emerges from the lateral border of the psoas major

Flexors of the hip and extensors of the knee

Skin of the anterior and lateral thigh, medial leg and foot

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largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve

continuation of the femoral nerve

Skin of medial aspects Skin of medial aspects of leg and footof leg and foot

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Emerges from the medial border of the psoas major

Leaves the lesser pelvis throughthe obturator canal

Skin on the superior Skin on the superior medial thighmedial thigh

Adductor muscles of theleg

8

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Descending part of the L4 nerve unites with the anterior ramus of the L5 nerve to form the lumbosacral trunklumbosacral trunk.

Participates in the formation of the sacral plexus with the anterior rami of S1-S4 nerves.

9

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Enter the abdomen and run obliquely across the quadratus lumborum muscle behind the kidney.

Abdominal muscles Abdominal muscles Skin of the inguinal Skin of the inguinal and pubic regionsand pubic regions.

10

Pierces the psoas major and emerges on its anterior surface.

Skin of the middle Skin of the middle anterior thigh; male anterior thigh; male scrotum and cremaster scrotum and cremaster muscle; female labia muscle; female labia majoramajora.

11

. Runs inferolaterally on the iliacus and enters the thigh deep to the inguinal ligament/iliopubic tract

Skin on the Skin on the anterolateral anterolateral surface of the surface of the thighthigh

12

The lumbar plexus is also connected with the lumbar part of the sympathetic nervous system via two or three long communicating branches.

13

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anterior rami of S1 to S4, and the lumbosacral trunk (L4 and L5).

formed in relation to the anterior surface of the piriformis muscle

located on the posterolateral wall of the lesser pelvis.

14

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o Largest nerve in the body.

o The most lateral structure emerging through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis and enters the gluteal region

o Posterior aspect of the thigh and the entire leg and foot

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o Leaves the gluteal region by passing deep to the long head of long head of the biceps the biceps femorisfemoris,at the lower margin of the quadratus quadratus femoris musclefemoris muscle

o Divides into the common peroneal common peroneal and tibial tibial nervesnerves, at a variable site above the popliteal fossa

16

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o Main nerve of the perineumperineum and the chief sensory nerve of the sensory nerve of the external genitaliaexternal genitalia

o Enters the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to inferior to the piriformis muscle the piriformis muscle & medial to the sciatic nerve.

o Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen lesser sciatic foramen to enter the perineum. ono branches in the gluteal region.

17

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Superior gluteal nerveleaves the pelvic cavity through the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis superior to piriformis muscle muscle gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae lata

Inferior Gluteal Nervegluteus maximusgluteus maximus

18

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Nerve to Quadratus Nerve to Quadratus Femoris Femoris

Nerve to Obturator Nerve to Obturator InternusInternus

Posterior Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Cutaneous Nerve of ThighThigh

Perforating Perforating cutaneous nervecutaneous nerve

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21

22

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o A minor contribution from S4 and is formed mainly by the anterior rami of S5 and S5 and CoCo, which originate inferiorly to the pelvic floor.

o Skin in the anal triangle of the perineum

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Flexors of the hipFlexors of the hipExtensors of the kneeExtensors of the knee

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.

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. Posterior legPlantarflexion

Anterior legDorsiflexion

Lateral legEversion