1. 2 Ergonomics 3 THE ERGONOMIC PROCESS There are two approaches to ergonomics: Pro-active...
-
Upload
benjamin-richards -
Category
Documents
-
view
248 -
download
0
Transcript of 1. 2 Ergonomics 3 THE ERGONOMIC PROCESS There are two approaches to ergonomics: Pro-active...
1
2
Ergonomics
3
THE ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� There are two approaches to ergonomics:Pro-active intervention (NIOSH Model)Reactive intervention
4
ERGONOMICS
� Ergonomics is simply the study of work.
� It is the science of designing the job, machine, or process to fit the worker.
� In the past, the worker has been replaceable. This is no longer an acceptable attitude.
5
ERGONOMICS
� There are several approaches to controlling musculoskeletal disorders (MSD).ProactiveReactive
� Congress would like to pass an ergonomics rule.
6
THE ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� A simple proactive approach to this process can be taken from the model derived from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
� http://www.gov/niosh/ergo page.html
7
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Looking for signs of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.Looking at the 300 LogLooking at job or work conditionsJob Hazard AnalysisTrade publicationsIncreasing "line" speed or increase
productivity
8
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Management's commitment to solve problems.Policy StatementsErgonomics meetingsResource commitmentGoal setting to reduce injuriesInformation on ergonomicsEvaluation tools
9
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� General and specialized trainingAwareness training
Identify symptomsRisk factorsReporting procedures
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)Problem solving
10
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Collecting and assessing data and information.Follow up on paperwork Review 300 LogConduct symptom surveysMedical examsScreening for risk factors
11
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Developing and evaluating control strategies.Engineering Controls
Remove by designAdministrative Controls
Work practicesPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Does it work Note: This is based on NIOSH's Ergonomics Philosophy.
12
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Health care managementEmployer Responsibilities
Encourage early evaluationEmployee Responsibilities
Participate in health careJob Issues
Job placementEarly reporting
Note: This is based on NIOSH's Ergonomics Philosophy.
13
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Creating a pro-active ergonomic program.PreventionPolicyDecision makingDesign
Note: This is based on NIOSH's Ergonomics Philosophy.
14
NIOSH ERGONOMIC PROCESS
� Follow-up, follow-up, follow-upAn ongoing program must be implemented
and supported by management.Workers must be encouraged to
participate in the ergonomics program.
Note: This is based on NIOSH's Ergonomics Philosophy.
15
REACTIVE
� If it hurts, there is something wrong.
� If it hurts, do something about it.
� If it hurts, contact your supervisor.
16
REACTIVE
� If you are the supervisor and you don't know what to do about it, contact:
� Medical Personnel
� Insurance Company
� Michigan Consultation Education & Training (CET) at 517 322 1809 and ask for help
17
A Reactive Approach
� There are many different approaches.
� The following is just a starting point:
18
A Reactive Approach� Evaluate: Injury Rates and Costs� Gain: Management Commitment� Talk: With Employees� Select: Several Key Processes� Adjust: Targeted Processes� Train: Employees & Management� Modify: Balance of Processes� Review & Repeat: on a Regular Basis
19
When You Are It!
� If you are the person who is responsible for trying to solve the ergonomic problem, you have a responsibility to all employees and a responsibility to management.
20
GAIN MANAGEMENT's COMMITMENT
� Management must be convinced of the cost effectiveness of ergonomics.
� Management must follow the legal rules.
� Management must provide the money to start The process and continue ergonomics evaluation and controls.
21
TALK TO EMPLOYEES
� Gather informationEmployees may not talk to management's
representatives.Try to locate someone who is neutral or is
very well accepted by both hourly workers and management.
Trust is the key issue.
22
TALK TO EMPLOYEES� Talk to individual employees on all shifts.� Ask them where it hurts, and if there is any
modifications that would make the job easier.Most solutions come from the employees
themselves.
� Maintain employee anonymity if required and legal.
23
� Managers do not run the machine or process for 40-60 hours per week.
� Managers are not physically held to production schedules that may be unrealistic.
� Managers are not the ones getting hurt and are too sore to play with their CHILDREN/GRANDKIDS!
Workers are the Experts
24
SELECT KEY PROCESSES
� Select several key processes which are causing excess injuries from your hazard assessment or from employee complaints i.e. moving patients.
� The employees in these areas must be involved in the solution.
25
ADJUST SELECTED PROCESSES
� For those key areas that produce frequent injuries:Make adjustments to minimize the stress.Buy equipment if necessary.Check with the employees to see if it helps
them.
26
TRAIN EMPLOYEES
� Train all employees in Ergonomics.� Get testimonials from those workers
who were helped by the earlier changes you made to their job process or equipment.
� Tell them that they are not paid enough to go home each night injured and hurting.
27
TRAIN EMPLOYEES
� Encourage employees to participate.
� 80% of the “fixes” to the processes or equipment will come from the employees.
28
TRAIN EMPLOYEES� Develop an ergonomics form so the
employee can document "where it hurts" and "what might be done" to improve the process or work area.
� Let them know that management has made a commitment to minimize the physiological stress of the workplace, but they must participate if the ergonomic process is going to work.
29
TRAIN MANAGERS SEPARATELY
� Regardless of how good relations are between management & labor, many hourly employees will not participate in the process if management personnel are in the same room.
� They are afraid of repercussions.� Management's commitment may be
driven by $$$$$.
30
TRAIN MANAGERS� Advise managers of the cost of each accident
type per department.� Use graphics.� Discuss rising workers compensation costs and
potential liability. � Discuss lawsuits.� Managers must enforce ergonomics.� If enforcement is not part of the process, the
process will fail.
31
MODIFY THE REST OF THE PROCESS
� Modify the tasks.
� Modify the process.
� Modify the machine.
� Modify the workload.
� Modify the workstation.
� Modify the worker attitude
� Modify the work environment.
32
Review & Repeat
� Follow-up
� Review the progress frequently
� Make adjustments as necessary
� Repeat the process often
� Repeat
� Repeat
33
Follow Up
� If it does not work the first time,
Try Again!