1 2 challenges from within
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Transcript of 1 2 challenges from within
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Rome: Challenges from withinSOCIAL STUDIES FOR 9 T H EGBTEACHER: MAURICIO TORRES
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Introduction
• When Rome was facing several enemies from outside, within it had its own set problems.
• Class divisions affected the way politics were handled.
• This led to several changes in the Roman government system.
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Social Classes in Rome
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Plebeians
• The plebeians were the common people. – Shopkeepers, crafts people, and skilled or unskilled
workers might be plebeian
• Being a “pleb”:– Plebeians were excluded from magistracies and
religious colleges, and they were not permitted to know the laws by which they were governed.
– Plebeians served in the army, but rarely became military leaders.
• They called for changes in government and wanted more of a say in how the city was run.
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Patricians
• The patricians were a powerful ruling class.– The first 100 men appointed as senators by Romulus
were referred to as "fathers" (patres), and the descendants of those men became the Patrician class.
– The distinction between patricians and plebeians in Ancient Rome was based purely on birth.
• They were the only people who could be elected to hold government offices.– Therefore, they held all political power.
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Roman Society
• How were Patricians and plebeians different?
Patricians Plebeians
Wealthy, powerful citizens Common people
NoblesPeasants,
craftsmen, traders, other workers.
Small minority Majority
Controlled all aspects of
government
Gained right to participate
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Changing Government
• Even though plebeians outnumbered the patricians, they were not allowed to participate in government.
• In 494 BC, they formed a council to elect their own officials.
• To the patricians, these events represented a change that could bring a total collapse of their society.
• They feared that the Republic would fall apart.
• Then the patricians decided to cooperate and change the government, before major revolutions could tear Rome apart.
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Class Struggle
• Even though these events happened almost 2500 years ago, in the last two centuries they are still contemporary.
• In the 1800s, German born, Karl Marx discussed these class disputes, which later became the basis for his theories: MARXISM
• According to Marx:– a class is formed when its
members achieve class consciousness and solidarity.
– This largely happens when the members of a class become aware of their exploitation and the conflict with another class.
– A class will then realize their shared interests and a common identity. According to Marx, a class will then take action against those that are exploiting the lower classes.
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Ask Yourself• Contrast:
– What are the main differences between the plebeians and the patricians?
• Infer:– Why do you think the word patrician comes from “patre”?– What reasons did the plebeians use to revolt?
• Recall:– What determined who was a patrician or a plebeian?
• Compare:– Is our society today in any way like the Roman Republic’s?– Does the “Revolución Ciudadana” use Marxist theories in their
propaganda?
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Bibliography
• Burstein, S. M., & Shek, R. (2012). World History (Teacher´s Edition) (1st Edition ed.). (H. McDougal, Ed.) Orlando, Florida, US.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
• Images taken from Google.