1

2 / 29

1.

2.

. .

.

3 / 65

1.

1)

19c : , ,

- - mens, : psyche, : mind

spirit - spiritum( ) ex) schizophrenia - phrenon( )

hystery - hysteron( ) Platon Aristoteles -

, ( )

(psychiatric mental health nursing)

- , ,

4 / 65

1.

1)

(ANA, 2000)

- (use of self)

- , (mental health nursing) (psychosocial nursing)

- (1995)

, - , , , , , , , , , , .

5 / 65

1.

2)

(Marie Jahoda) 6

,

1.

,

Maslow -

Rogers -

2. , , (self-actualization)

6 / 65

1.

2)

(Marie Jahoda) 6

,

3. (integration)

(self-determination), , , , ,

4. (autonomy)

7 / 65

1.

2)

(Marie Jahoda) 6

, , ,

5. (reality perception)

, , ,

6. (environmental mastery)

, ,

8 / 65

1.

2)

, , ,

- , ,

. (APA, 1994)

9 / 65

1.

2)

(developmental stages and norms)

- ,

- (family life cycle), , 3 Erikson .

(cultural relativism) -

- (tolerance)

10 / 65

1.

2)

, - (ethnocentrism)

-

-

11 / 65

1.

3)

-

10 3 ,

1 ,2 - 2 1 , - 1 2 , 5 3 ( )

12 / 65

1.

3)

-

- , - 4 2 1,600 , 8

- , , , - 4 , 2 , , 24 , ,

13 / 65

1.

3)

-

, (Clinical Nurse Specialist; CNS) (Nurse Practitioner; NP) .

= (Advanced Practice Registered Nurse-Psychiatric-Mental Health; APRN-PMH)

14 / 65

1.

3)

, , , . .

, , , .

1 -

2 -

3 -

15 / 65

1.

3)

Slavinsky

-

- , ,

1

- .- - , , - - - - ,

16 / 65

1.

3)

Slavinsky

2

-

-

-

- ,

- , , ,

-

3

- ,

- ,

-

17 / 65

1.

3)

- , .

1.

-

- : , , , (day care center), ,

- : , , , , , , ,

- ,

18 / 65

1.

3)

2.

-

- , , , , (liaison nurse), (clinical coordinator), 1 (primary therapist), , . < 1-3>

19 / 65

1.

3)

( 2 1 )

1

2

, , 3

4

, 5

, , 6

7

- < 1-4>

20 / 65

1.

3)

.

, , , V-F X .

, ( , ) . , , , .

, , . , .

21 / 65

1.

3)

, ,

, ,

, ,

22 / 65

1.

4)

-

- (McFaclane, 1995)

23 / 65

1.

4)

-

- , , , , ,

-

-

- ,

24 / 65

1.

4)

, ,

-

-

-

-

25 / 65

1.

4)

2

,

, ,

, , , , ,

26 / 65

1.

4)

. . . , , , . . .

1990 (National Alliance for the Mental Ill; NAMI)

7

27 / 65

1.

5) -

- - .

- . (Drake et al., 2001) -

, , ,

28 / 65

1.

5) -

-

?1

- ?2

?3

.

29 / 65

1.

5) -

- (evidence-based practice)

,

- .(Sackett et al., 1996)

-

. . . . . .

30 / 65

1.

5) -

- (evidence-based practice)

- Stetler (1998) 4 .

-

- - , , .

31 / 65

1.

5) -

- (evidence-based practice)

-

- ( ) (Cohort) -

( ) (practice gudlines)

- , , , , , .

32 / 65

1.

5) -

(practice gudlines)

(clinical pathway)

-

- ESM-IV-TR NANDA , , , , ,

33 / 65

1.

5) -

(practice gudlines)

(clinical algorithms)

- , , ,

. .

.

, .

34 / 65

1.

5) -

- , , . (Coughlin, 2001)

- .

- , , .

-

-

(placebo effect) , ,

35 / 65

1.

5) -

-

,

- (quailty report cards)

, , (Manderscheid, 2001) - : , , ,

- : , (managed care company), , ,

- : , , ,

36 / 65

1.

5) -

- .

- , , .

- , , .

- - .

- . .

, , . - .

, , . .

37 / 65

2.

1) (psychoanalytic model)

19 20 (Freud) ,

, . (libido) .

, .

.

,Frieda-Fromm-Reichmann(1950) .

38 / 65

2.

1) (psychoanalytic model)

(psychoanalytic therapeutic process)

.

(free association) .

, .

. 5 .

.

..

39 / 65

2.

2) (interpersonal model)

.

- ,

, (Evans, 1966)

(nursing as an interpersonal process) , . ,

40 / 65

2.

2) (interpersonal model)

(psychological mothering)

(participant observer)"

41 / 65

2.

3) (social model)

.

,

(1961)

(Myth of Mental Illness)

1 , 2 , 3 2 3 ,

1

42 / 65

2.

3) (social model)

,

, (consultation)

1 , 2 , 3 1 2 3

43 / 65

2.

4) (existential model)

(sartre), (Heidegger), (kierkegaard), (buber)

( - ) .

.

(alienation) (self-im-posed restrictions) . .

, , . . .

44 / 65

2.

4) (existential model)

(appreciation) ,

(common humanity)

45 / 65

2.

5) (communication model)

,

(Berne)

, , (complementary transaction), (crossed transaction), (ulterior transaction)

46 / 65

2.

5) (communication model)

- - , , ,

(Transactional Analysis; TA)

- , -

47 / 65

2.

6) (behavioral model)

- (H. J. Eysenck), (Joseph Wolpe), (J. Watson), (B. F. Skinner)

48 / 65

2.

6) (behavioral model)

,

,

,

49 / 65

2.

6) (behavioral model)

.

,

50 / 65

2.

7) (supportive therapy model)

,

, , , , , .

, , , , ,

51 / 65

2.

7) (supportive therapy model)

.

, (distress) .

(therapeutic alliance)

, , ,

- ? ?

52 / 65

2.

8) (medical model)

-

,

, .

- , , , , (disruptions)- .

.

53 / 65

2.

8) (medical model)

, , , , , ,

, ,

.

?

?

,

54 / 65

2.

9)

.

( , ) ( , ) .

Selye

-

.

Lazarus ,

, Selye .

55 / 65

2.

9)

Stuart (Stuart Stress Adaptation Model of Psychiatric Nursing Care) , , , -

1

2 , , , -

3 / .

.

56 / 65

2.

9)

4 ( , , )

1 , 2 3 .

5 , ,

.

, .

- .- .- / / .- 1 , 2 , 3 .- (psychiatric treatment) . - .- .

57 / 65

2.

9)

-

- (predisposing factor) - , ,

- (precipitating stressor) : ,

, , , , , , ,

, , , , , , , ,

58 / 65

2.

9)

-

: - , , .

- (life strain) (hassles)

: - . .

(appraisal of stressor)

- , , , , .

59 / 65

2.

9)

(appraisal of stressor)

. Monat Lazarus .

(arousal) .

, vasopressin, oxytocin, insulin, epinephrine, .

60 / 65

2.

9)

(appraisal of stressor)

, ,

- ,

61 / 65

2.

9)

- , 1

-

-

. , ,

, , ,

, .

62 / 65

2.

9)

, , .

. , .

- .

- Stuart .

63 / 65

2.

9)

- :

- , . - . - . - . - .

- , -

64 / 65

2.

9)

- , ,

-

- : - : - : - :

- : - : - : , , (teaching) - :

65 / 65

2.

9)

-

- : - : - : - :

- : - : - : - :

- . 1 , 2 , 3 .