9 () 7

GSM 9 7.

,

.

(), .

. , . .

( )

:

, ; (,

);

, (, / ).

:

(Access Signalling), ;

(Trunk Signalling), .

158

9 7

. 9.1. .

159

GSM 9.1. .

: PSTN, ISDN GSM.

9.1.1.

( , ). :

(Decadic)

/ . (DTMF Dual Tone Multi

Frequency) 1 4 1 4 ( 2 8).

(: , , ..).

9.1.2.

Digital Signalling System 1 (DSS1). ISDN (OSI).

160

9 7 9.2. .

. :

(Channel Associated Signalling CAS). ( : , ..), (, ) .

(Common Channel Signalling CCS). .

9.2.1. Channel Associated Signalling.

1 . . 16 , .

,

, . :

..

- - ..

. 9.2. .

.

161

GSM

. 9.3. .

2 ,

CCITT R1 R2, R1,5.

9.2.2. Common Channel Signalling

,

, ( ). . , ( 30).

1968 ,

6. 7.

7 1980 .

. 7 (, , ).

162

9 7 9.3. OSI ().

7

. .

ISO (International Standardization

Organization) 1977. .

.

7 , 7-.

. 9.4.

(Physical Layer)

. .

(Data Link Layer) (

). . /

163

GSM , (, ).

(Network Layer)

. , , .

(), .

(Transport Layer)

. , .

(Session Layer)

( , ..). , .

(Presentation Layer) ,

, . .

(Application Layer) ,

. : , , ..

164

9 7 9.4. 7

, 7

(ITU-T). , , .

9.4.1. . . 9.5 7.

. 9.5. .

Signalling Point (SP) () .

(MSC, BSC ..) SP (Signalling Point Code), SP.

SP Originating Point (OP),

Destination Point (DP). Signalling Transfer Point (STP) . STP

, SP. 2-102 STP, ..

2-100 2-101, 2-101. SP Network Indicator (NI),

:

0 ; 1 ;

165

GSM

2 () ; 3 ( ); SPC (SP Code), .

SPC 14 , :

( 0 16383); 7 + 7 ; 4 + 4 + 6; ..

. Signalling Link (SL) ,

, .. 64 /. SP , .

Link Set (LS) () . LS

16 SL. Signalling Route (Destination) ,

Destination Point. , 2-100 2-101, LS=2-102 LS=2-101.

Signal Unit (SU) () .

3 SU:

MSU Message Signal Unit ( ); LSSU Link Status Signal Unit (

);

FISU Fill-In Signal Unit ( ).

166

9 7

9.4.2. 7 7 ,

4 :

. 9.6. 7

:

Message Transfer Part (MTP) ; User Parts (UP) .

: -1 (Signalling Data Link).

, .. , (64 /).

-2 (Signalling Link).

SP. .

167

GSM

-3 (Signalling Network). .

.

. 9.7. 7.

TUP (Telephony User Part) ,

. ISUP-, .. ISDN.

ISUP (ISDN User Part) ISDN.

, ISDN.

SCCP (Signalling Connection Control Part)

. ( NI ). SCCP :

Connection Oriented (CO), .. ,

.

ConnectionLess (CL), .. , .

168

9 7

TCAP (Transaction Capabilities Application Part) , ( ) CL.

BSSAP (Base Station Subsystem Application Part) ,

GSM.

MAP (Mobile Application Part) ,

GSM, HLR, VLR .. .

CAP (CAMEL Application Part)

(MIN). INAP (Intelligent Network Application Part)

(IN).

OMAP (Operation & Maintenance Application Part)

.

169

GSM

7

. 9.8. .

170