0703 Survey of SRI and Other Rice Management Practices on Acid Soils in Prey Veng Provinces

ACIAR-04: Crop diversity – Healthy Food – Cash Income

Project TitleProject TitleProject TitleProject Title

SURVEY OF SRI AND OTHER RICE SURVEY OF SRI AND OTHER RICE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ACID SOILS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ACID SOILS

IN PREY VENG PROVINCESIN PREY VENG PROVINCES

SURVEY OF SRI AND OTHER RICE SURVEY OF SRI AND OTHER RICE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ACID SOILS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ACID SOILS

IN PREY VENG PROVINCESIN PREY VENG PROVINCES

Speaker: Mr. Pin VannaroSpeaker: Mr. Pin Vannaro

Maharishi Vedic UniversityMaharishi Vedic University

Speaker: Mr. Pin VannaroSpeaker: Mr. Pin Vannaro

Maharishi Vedic UniversityMaharishi Vedic University

Project ObjectiveProject ObjectiveProject ObjectiveProject Objective

To make an assessment of the differences between CP, BMP and SRI practices in terms of biophysical, economic and social aspects.

To provide MVU students and staff with practical experience in field survey techniques.

To conduct a cross-check to discuss with involved farmer, researchers and extension workers.

Project DurationProject DurationProject DurationProject Duration

Commencement date : November, 2005 Completion date : November, 2006

Commencement date : November, 2005 Completion date : November, 2006

Staff and resourcesStaff and resourcesStaff and resourcesStaff and resources Mr. Pin Vannaro Mr. Veth Ravy Mr. Seing Sokha Mr. Chhem Vutha Nine Student Numerators SRI Research Advisory Group

Mr. Pin Vannaro Mr. Veth Ravy Mr. Seing Sokha Mr. Chhem Vutha Nine Student Numerators SRI Research Advisory Group

Collaborating OrganisationsCollaborating OrganisationsCollaborating OrganisationsCollaborating Organisations

AusAID GTZ/RDP SRI Secretariat ( DAALI/MAFF )

AusAID GTZ/RDP SRI Secretariat ( DAALI/MAFF )

Study AreasStudy AreasStudy AreasStudy Areas

Farming Systems SurveyFarming Systems SurveyFarming Systems SurveyFarming Systems Survey

System of Rice Intensification ( SRI ) System of Rice Intensification ( SRI ) Those farmers who have attended SRI training and intend

to use SRI practice in coming crops.

Those farmers who have attended SRI training and intend to use SRI practice in coming crops.

Best Management Practice ( BMP ) Best Management Practice ( BMP ) Those farmers who have attended other rice production

training.

Those farmers who have attended other rice production training.

Conventional Practice ( CP ) Conventional Practice ( CP )

Those farmers who have not received any rice production training.

Those farmers who have not received any rice production training.

Sample NumbersSample NumbersSample NumbersSample Numbers

Farming Practice

KamChai Mear

Prey VengKampong

LeaveBa Phnom

Kampong Trobek

Phreas Sdach

Total

SRI 00 00 00 02 15 00 17

BMP 06 03 02 00 05 05 21

CP 08 04 00 10 04 00 26

Total 14 07 02 12 25 05 64

Data collectionData collectionData collectionData collection

1.Baseline Data

2.Agronomy Observat

3.Socio-economic

4.Other related Data

Average land area (ha) for farmers Average land area (ha) for farmers using different practiceusing different practice

Average land area (ha) for farmers Average land area (ha) for farmers using different practiceusing different practice

0.14

0.77

0.38

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

SRI BMP CP

SRI BMP CP

Rice management on three Rice management on three farming practicefarming practice

Rice management on three Rice management on three farming practicefarming practice

Description SRI BMP CP

Seeding rate (kg/ha) 22 52 74

Seeding age at transplanting (days) 14 26 29

Planting depth (cm) 1 2 3

Planting distance (cm) 26 17 16

Rice biophysical characteristicsRice biophysical characteristics Rice biophysical characteristicsRice biophysical characteristics Rice biophysical SRI BMP CP Sig.

Plant height (cm) 77.39a 61.35b 67.24b 0.0010Tiller number per m2 390b 418b 510a 0.0001Non-tiller number per m2 36c 94b 133a 0.0001Panicle number per hill 350b 323ab 376a 0.6900Panicle length (cm) 23a 21b 21b 0.0001Seed number per panicle 125a 109b 90c 0.0001Filled grains per panicle 101a 81b 70c 0.0001Unfilled grains per panicle 24a 28a 21a 0.10401000-grain weight (g) 24.41a 24.57a 24.80a 0.4380Grain yield (kg/ha) 3,798a 2990b 2553c 0.0001

Grain yields of rice management systemsGrain yields of rice management systems Grain yields of rice management systemsGrain yields of rice management systems

3,798

2,990

2,553

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

SRI BMP CP

Gra

in Y

ield

(kg

/ha)

Relationship between grain yield and filled grainRelationship between grain yield and filled grain

SRI : y = 32.501x + 527.94

R2 = 0.3782

BMP : y = 18.978x + 1448

R2 = 0.2429

CP : y = 18.848x + 1240.2

R2 = 0.1931

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

5,500

6,000

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

Filled grain per panical

Gra

in y

ield

(kg

/ha)

Relationship between grain yield and field techniquesRelationship between grain yield and field techniques

Field techniques Grain Yield (kg/ha)

Organic fertilizer application 0.03 ns

Inorganic fertilizer application -0.44 **

Seed rate -0.28 *

Seedling age -0.54 **

Plant number per hill -0.55 **

Planting depth -0.55 **

Hill spacing 0.53 **

Water depth at transplanting -0.26 *

Socioeconomic Aspects of Rice Management SystemsSocioeconomic Aspects of Rice Management SystemsSocioeconomic Aspects of Rice Management SystemsSocioeconomic Aspects of Rice Management Systems

Level of appropriateness of rice management practices

4.24.0

3.7

4.0

1.0

5.0

2.5

0.0

4.2

1.3

0.0

2.0

0

1

2

3

4

5

Seedling age Transplanting Land Preparation Weeding Spacing Water level

App

ropr

iatn

ess

scor

e

BMP

CP

SRI

Note: score 1 to 5 represent the worst to best


Labor inputs of rice management systems (person-hours/ha)

Labor inputs SRI BMP CP Sig.

Compost preparation 868a 67b 1b 0.0001

Land Preparation 89a 77a 75a 0.8480

Uproot seedling 390a 348a 261a 0.4610

Transplanting 550a 449a 405a 0.6470

Water management 156a 116a 109a 0.6540


Labor inputs of rice management systems (person-hours/ha) (cont.

Labor inputs SRI BMP CP Sig.

Weed control 205a 90ab 23b 0.0280

Pesticide spray 0b 18a 13a 0.0160

Harvesting 363a 183b 266ab 0.0570

Threshing 394a 70b 146b 0.0100

Drying/storing 327a 91b 93b 0.0001

Total labor inputs 3311a 1622b 1426b 0.0020


Input costs of rice management practices (thousand riels/ha)

Material cost SRI BMP CP Sig.

Seed cost 29.2b 80.5a 69.1a 0.0001

Organic fertilizer cost 706.1a 39.3b 145.8b 0.0001

Inorganic fertilizer cost 0.0b 426.6a 459.2a 0.0001

Pesticide cost 0.0b 34.6a 29.4 0.0390

Fuel cost 269.6 339.6a 187.4a 0.2960

Total material cost 1,004.9a 920.6a `890.9a 0.8700


Income from each rice management practice (thousand riels/ha)

- SRI = 2,089.10 riels/ha

- BMP = 1,644.70 riels/ha

- CP = 1,404.30 riels/ha

- There were highly significantly different between the income of these rice management systems


Gross margin of rice management practice (thousand riels/ha)

-2,285

-1,059-1,166

1,084

724513

-2,500

-2,000

-1,500

-1,000

-500

0

500

1,000

1,500

SRI BMP CP

GM

s (t

housa

nd r

iels

/ha)

Gross Margin with labors

Gross Margin without labors


Farmers perception on the importance of rice field management techniques

6 5

27

0 012 11 19 12

28 33

38

33

9581

44

76

58

67 62

35

67

5 8

44

5

31

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

SRI BMP CP SRI BMP CP SRI BMP CP

Fertilizer Land Preparation Seed

Field techniques

% o

f far

mer

s re

spon

se

High

Medium

Low

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Performance of Rice Management Systems

- SRI provided the highest grain yield and other positive rice characteristics compared to BMP and CP. Grain yield increased approximately 48% and 27%

- The main factors contributing to improving and enhancing rice production were short seedling age, good water management, weed control, organic fertilizer, and good planting methods.

- SRI played the significantly role to improve soil fertility, enhance good performance, and contribute to good quality of rice grain. However, limited availability of organic fertilizer is an important issue to be concerned by many stakeholders

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Farmers practices

- SRI farmers usually follow the practices of seedling preparation, transplanting, hill spacing, organic fertilizer application, weeding, and water rather than those of BMP and CP farmers. In contrast, CP farmers relied mainly on natural condition.

-Some techniques could not be implemented by farmers in specific conditions. For instance, farmers could not manage water to enhance rice growing.

-Requiring high quality of field management, SRI field sizes were relatively small and located close to farmers houses compared to CP and BMP.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Economic Aspects of Rice Management Systems

- SRI required both higher labors and materials than those of CP and BMP. Most labors of SRI method were accumulated highly on compost preparation and weed control. With the high yield of SRI practices, more labors were needed for harvesting, threshing, and drying/storing.

-Being account for labor cost, all rice management systems provided the GMs below 0 riel, and the highest loss were in SRI, followed by CP and BMP. In contrast, excluding total labor costs from this calculation the SRI farmers got the highest benefits, and net income (GMs) was increased about 110% and 50% when they turned their practices from CP and BMP to SRI, respectively

-Even if losses of net income were occurred for all system when including invested labors, the opportunity of employments were highly available for the family member through their own rice productions, meaning that losses money was compensated with family labor investment on their farms

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Farmers vision on rice management practices

-Most of the SRI farmers thought that fertilizer application and land preparation were the main factors contributing to achieve maximum grain yield. However, combining of many rice management techniques on rice production was critical to achieve maximum grain yield

-Level of farmers adoption on SRI methods varied from the farmers to others. Relying on natural condition was the main factor influencing the level of farmers' adoption. Therefore, partly adopting the principles or techniques of SRI methods may be more appropriate to help farmers improve and enhance their rice production to be compatible with erratic natural condition

0703 Survey of SRI and Other Rice Management Practices on Acid Soils in Prey Veng Provinces

Technology

Transcript of 0703 Survey of SRI and Other Rice Management Practices on Acid Soils in Prey Veng Provinces