07 UMTS UTRAN Signaling Procedures

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UMTS UTRAN SignalingProcedures


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11 UTRAN System Architecture andUTRAN System Architecture and

Protocol StackProtocol Stack

2 Basic Terms Related to the UTRAN2 Basic Terms Related to the UTRAN

3 Basic Signaling Procedures3 Basic Signaling Procedures


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UTRAN System Architecture

RNS

RNC

RNS

RNC

Core Network

Node B Node B Node B Node B

Iu Iu

Iur

Iub IubIub Iub


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WCDMA Protocol Architecture

AAL5

RANAP

SCCP

Relay

RRCRLC

MAC

L1

RANAPSCCP

AAL5

Uu IuUE RNS MSC/

SGSN

SignallingBearer

RRC

RLC

MAC SignallingBearer

ATM

L1

ATM

SMS /GMM / MM

SMS /GMM / MM


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Comparison: GSM-BSS Protocol Architecture

CM

MM

RR

LAPDm

SigL1

L3

L2

L1

MS

RR BTSM

LAPDm

SigL1

LAPD

SigL1

LAPD

SigL1

BTSM

RR

SCCP

MTP

BSSMAP

CM

MM

BSSMAP

SCCP

MTP

MSCBSCBTS

Um AAbis


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Protocol Architecture for the RNC ControlPlane

Node B

RNC

CN

UE

RANAP

NBAP

RNSAPRRC

NBAP Node B Application Part

RANAPRadio Access Network Application PartRNSAPRadio Network Subsystem Application PartRRC Radio Resource Control

RNC


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Summary

This part describes the UTRAN

system architecture and the protocolarchitecture.


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1 UTRAN System Architecture and1 UTRAN System Architecture and





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Basic Terms

UTRANprovides setup, maintenance, and release of radio access

bearer (RAB) for the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) to shield the focus of

the NAS on the features of the radio access stratum. Other terms: UTRAN, RAB, RB, and RL

RAB

RB

RLNodeB

RNC CNUE

UTRAN


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Basic Terms

RAB: The service that the access stratum provides to

the Non-Access Stratum (NAS) for transfer of user data

between User Equipment and CN.

RBThe service provided by the Layer 2 for transfer of

user data between User Equipment and SRNC.

RL: A "radio link" is a logical association between single User

Equipment and a single UTRAN access point. Its physical

realisation comprises one or more radio bearer transmissions.


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CELL_DCH CELL_FACH

CELL_PCHURA_PCH

IDLE

DEAD - Searching for the network (PLMN)

- Camp on the cell

- Monitoring paging channel- Cell reselection

- Dedicated channel- Radio bearers transmission servcie

- Reducing actions, DRX, and saving power

RRC connection

These states are significant only forUTRAN and UE. They are transparent to

CN.

UE States


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Working Modes of the UE

The UE has two working modes: idle mode and connected mode.

Idle mode: The UE is in the standby state and has no service for

processing. In addition, no connection exists between the UE and

UTRAN, and the UTRAN does not contain any information about the

UE. The UE is identified by the NAS identifiers, such as the IMSI,

TMSI, or P-TMSI.

Connected mode: When the UE completes the RRC connection

setup, the UE changes from the idle mode to the connected mode.

In Connected mode, the UE has four states: Cell-DCH, Cell-FACH,

Cell-PCH, and URA-PCH.


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UE States in Connected Mode

Cell-DCH

The UE is in the active state. It communicates over the dedicated

channel. The UE has a dedicated channel in both the uplink and

downlink. The UTRAN accurately knows the cell on which the UE

camps.

Cell-FACH

The UE is in the active state, but it has few data to send in both the

uplink and downlink. It is not required to allocate a dedicated

channel for the UE. The downlink data is transmitted over the FACH,

and the uplink data is transmitted over the RACH. The UE needs to

monitors the FACH in the downlink at any time for its information.

The UTRAN accurately knows the cell on which the UE camps and

maintains the resources for the UE and its state.


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UE States in Connected Mode

Cell-PCH

The UE has no data to send in the uplink and downlink. It needs to

monitor the PICH for receiving paging messages. Therefore, the UE

enters the discontinuous reception, which saving the power.

The UTRAN knows which cell that the UE camps on. Thus, after the

UE roams to another cell, the UTRAN needs to update the cell

information of the UE.

URA-PCH

The UE has no data to send in the uplink and downlink. It needs to

monitor the PICH and enters the discontinuous reception. The

UTRAN knows only the UTRAN registration area (URA) of the UE. AURA contains multiple cells. That is, the UTRAN updates the

location information only after the URA where the UE is located

changes, thus saving resources and reducing signaling.


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Serving RNC and Drift RNC

In the WCDMA system, the SRNC and DRNC are introduced due to the Iur interface.

The SRNC and DRNC correspond to a specific UE.

For connections between a UE and the CN, the RNC that is directly connected the CN

and controls all resources of the UE is called the SRNC. The RNC that has no direct

connection with the CN and only provides resources for the UE is called DRNC.

A UE in connection state has at least one and only one SRNC, but can have no or

multiple DRNCs.

CN

SRNC DRNC

IuIur


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CRNC

The controller RNC (CRNC) corresponds to a NodeB or cell.

The RNC that is directly connected to a NodeB and controls the

usage of resources of the NodeB is called the CRNC.

A NodeB corresponds to one and only one CRNC.

The CRNC allocates the resources of all the NodeBs controlled by

the CRNC properly.

Iub

Node B

Cell Cell Cell

Node B

...

Iu

CRNC

CN


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Summary

This part describes some

terms related to the UTRAN.


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1 UTRAN System Architecture and1 UTRAN System Architecture and





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Basic Signaling Procedures

System InformationSystem Information

BroadcastingBroadcasting

PagingPaging

Paging ProcedurePaging Procedure

HandoverHandover


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System Information BroadcastingSystem Information Broadcasting


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Overview of the System InformationOverview of the System InformationMIB: includes the PLMN identifier and the scheduling information of the schedule block (SB) and

system block (SB).SB1: includes the scheduling information of the SIB.

SB2 : includes the scheduling information of the SIB.

SIB1: includes the UE timers and counters and the system information at the NAS.

SIB2: includes the URA information.

SIB3: includes the parameters for cell selection and reselection.

SIB4: includes the parameters for cell selection and cell reselection in connected mode.

SIB5: includes the parameters for the configuration of the common physical channel in a cell.

SIB6: includes the parameters for the configuration of the common physical channel in a cell in

connected mode.

SIB7: includes the information about the uplink interface and dynamic persistence level.

SIB8: includes the static information about the CPCH in the cell.

SIB9: includes the dynamic information about the CPCH in the cell.

SIB10: includes the information of dynamic resource assignment control (DRAC).SIB11: includes the measurement control information.

SIB12: includes the measurement control information in connected mode.

SIB13: includes the ANSI-41 system information.

SIB14: includes the information in TDD mode.

SIB15: includes the information for LCS.

SIB16: includes the reconfiguration information about the handover from another system to theUTRAN.

SIB17: includes the configuration information of the shared physical channel in connected mode

(TDD).

SIB18: includes the information of the neighboring PLMN.

Note: The network planning engineers should pay more attention to the system information in blue.


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SI1SI1

The SIB1 includes the following information:

System information at the NAS, such as LAC,

RAC, and T3212

DRX period coefficient of the CS domain: K 6,

that is, DRX period 2^k = 2 6 = 64 TTI = 640 ms.

DRX period coefficient of the PS domain K 6,that is, DRX period 2^k = 2 6 = 64 TTI = 640 ms.

Timers and counters of the UE in connected mode

or timers of the UE in idle mode


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SI3SI3

The System info type 3 includes the parameters

for cell selection and reselection.

Qhyst2s: indicates the cell reselection hysteresis

of Ec/Io measurement.

Sintrasearch: indicates the intra-frequencyreselection start threshold.

Sintersearch: indicates the inter-frequency

reselection start threshold.

SinterRatsearch: includes the inter-system

reselection start threshold.Qqualmin: indicates the minimum quality

standard for cell selection.

Qrxlemin: indicates the minimum access level

for cell selection.

T reselection: indicates the reselection hysteresis

time.

Max Allowed UE TX power: indicates the

maximum transmit power allowed by the UE.


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SI5SI5

The System info type 5 includes the feature

parameters of the following common physical

channels and the configuration information of the

corresponding common transport channels:PICH

AICH

PCCPCH

PRACH

SCCPCH


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SI7 and SI11SI7 and SI11

System info type 7

UL interference: The open-loop power control uses the

Preamble_Initial_Power=Primary CPICH DL TX power - CPICH_RSCP + UL

interference + Constant Value.

Expiration Time Factor: indicates the update period for the SIB7 by the UE. The

value can be : (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256)times. The existing value is 16 times, that

is, the period is 4096 / 16 = 32 TTI = 320 ms.

System info type 11

The intra-frequency neighbor list, inter-frequency neighbor list, and inter-

RAT frequency list and the measurement configuration information of the

UE in Idle state are used for cell resection of the UE in the idle state.


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PagingPaging


HandoverHandover


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CN-Initiated Paging

Paging type 1

CN RNC1 RNC2 NODEB1.1 NODEB2.1 UE

RANAPRANAP

RANAP RANAP

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1

PAGING

PAGING

PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1


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CN-Initiated Paging

Paging type 2

If the UE is in the CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state, the UTRAN sends the paging type 2 message to

the paged UE over the DCCH.

CN SRNC UE

RANAPRANAPPAGING

RRCRRC

DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2


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UTRAN-Initiated Paging

UE RNC1NodeB1

RRCPagingType1RRC

When the system information changes, the UTRAN triggers the paging

procedure to notify the UE in the idle mode, CELL_PCH state, and

URA_PCH state to update the system information, so that the UE can obtain

the updated system information.

To trigger the state change (for example, the state changes to the

CELL_FACH) of the UE in the CELL_PCH and URA_PCH states, the

UTRAN initiates the paging procedure. As an acknowledgment for the

paging, the UE initiates the cell update or URA update.


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PagingPaging


HandoverHandover


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3 Call Procedure3 Call Procedure

3.1 Call Overall Procedure3.1 Call Overall Procedure

3.2 RRC Setup Procedure3.2 RRC Setup Procedure

3.3 NAS Signaling Setup Procedure3.3 NAS Signaling Setup Procedure

3.4 RAB Setup Procedure3.4 RAB Setup Procedure

3.5 RAB Release Procedure3.5 RAB Release Procedure

3.6 RRC Connection Release Procedure3.6 RRC Connection Release Procedure


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Call Overall ProcedureUE as Calling Party

Process of signalingconnection setup between theUE and UTRAN

Signaling exchange

between the UE andCN

Process of serviceconnection between the UEand


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When the NAS of the UE in idle mode requests for signaling connection setup,

the UE initiates the RRC connection setup procedure. Each UE has a maximum of one RRC connection.

The RRC connection setup is used to configure the signaling channel at the UTRAN side.

RRC Connection Setup Procedure


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RRC CONNECTION REQUEST

UE identifier

RRC connection setupcause

RACH measurementreport


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RRC CONNECTION SETUP

Configure the dedicated transport

channel format.

Configure the message

bearer format over the

DCCH.

Configure the ID of the UE

in the RNC.

Configure the physical

channel format.

RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE


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RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE

Authentication

parameters of the CSand PS domains

UE capability

parameters


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SETUP

Voiceservice

Callednumber


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RAB Setup Procedure


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There are more than one ALCAP setup procedures on Iu Interface, and more than one user plane RABs can be establishedsimultaneously. After the user plane is established, the UE enters the call connection.

In the protocols, the RAB is defined as the bearer for the NAS by the access stratum.

The RAB refers to the bearer of the user plane and is used to transmit voice services, data services, and multimedia services

between the UE and CN.

The RAB setup consists of the setup of the service bearer AAL2 PATH of the Iu interface and Iub interface and the

reconfiguration of radio resources of the RAN and UE.

QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2

QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2 QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2QAAl2

RAB Setup Procedure

RAB Assignment Request


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RAB Assignment Request

If there are multiple types ofservices, each type of serviceestablishes an RAB respectively.

Service type

Service bearer rate

RB Setup


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RB Setup

Mapping information ofthe RAB, including threeRB sub-flows

Configure both uplink and downlink transportchannels, reconfigure the DCH, and addthree DCHs to carry services.

Configuration process of the physical channel


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The RAB release is initiated by the CN. When the UE is exceptional, the SRNC also requests

for RAB release.

RAB Release Procedure

For multiple RABs For a single RAB, the RAB release is

initiated by the RNC.

The contents of the RAB

assignment request message

are different from that of the

RAB setup message. The

message contains Release.


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C C i l d


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The RRC connection release is initiated by the CN. When the UE is exceptional, the SRNC

also requests for RRC connection release.

The connection to the UE is released first, and then the connection to the NodeB is released.

The RRC connection release means the termination of a call.

UE NodeB SRNC

RRC CONNECTION RELEASE

RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE

RL DELETION

RL DELETION RESPONSE

ALCAP Iub Date Bearer Release

RRC Connection Release Procedure



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g g



PagingPaging


HandoverHandover

Intra-RNC Soft Handover Procedure (Adding aB h)


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Decision to setupnew RL

7. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete

6.DCCH: Active Set Update

UE Node B(new) SRNC

NBAP1. Radio Link Setup RequestNBAP

NBAP2. Radio Link Setup ResponseNBAP

3 ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

Start RX description

DCH-FP4. Downlink SynchronisationDCH-FP

DCH-FP5.Uplink SynchronisationDCH-FP

Start TX description

RRC

RRC

RRC

RRC

Branch)

Intra-RNC Soft Handover Procedure (Deletinga Branch)

Intra-RNC Soft Handover Procedure (Deletinga Branch)


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Decision to deletea RL

2. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete

1.DCCH: Active Set Update

UE Node B(old) SRNC

NBAP3. Radio Link Deletion RequestNBAP

NBAP4. Radio Link Deletion ResponseNBAP

RRC

RRC

RRC

RRC

Stop RX and Tx

5 ALCAP Iub Transport Bearer release

a Branch)a Branch)

Inter-RNC Soft HandoverInter-RNC Soft Handover


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Before soft handover After soft handover

When a radio link between the RNC and another NodeB is added,

the original radio link between the SRNC and a NodeB is deleted.

CN

SRNC RNC

NodeB NodeBNodeB

CN

SRNC RNC

NodeB NodeBNodeB

Inter-RNC Soft Handover Procedure(Replacing a Radio Link)

Inter-RNC Soft Handover Procedure(Replacing a Radio Link)


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7. Uplink Synchronisation

RNSAP RNSAP

1. Radio Link Setup Request

Start TX description

RNSAP RNSAP

4. Radio Link SetupResponse

NBAP NBAP2. Radio Link Setup Request

NBAP NBAP3. Radio Link Setup ResponseStart RX description

Decision to setupnew RL and

release old RL

NBAP10. Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP NBAP11. Radio Link Release Response

Stop RX and TX

12. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release

RRCRRC9. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete

RRCRRC

8. DCCH: Active Set Update

[Radio Link Addition & Deletion]

NBAP

UENode B

Drift RNSNode B

Serving RNS Drift RNC Serving RNC

ALCAP Iur Bearer Setup5. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

DCH-FPDCH-FP

DCH-FPDCH-FP

6. Downlink Synchronisation

(Replacing a Radio Link)(Replacing a Radio Link)

Intra-RNC Hard HandoverIntra-RNC Hard Handover


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Before hard handover After hard handover

The SRNC cannot maintain two radio links with two NodeBs at the same time.

CN

SRNC

NodeBNodeB

CN

SRNC

NodeBNodeB

Intra-RNC Hard Handover ProcedureIntra-RNC Hard Handover Procedure


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UE Node B Source Node B Target SRNC

8. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete

6.DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration

1. Radio Link Setup Request

2. Radio Link Setup Response

9. Radio Link Deletion Request

10. Radio Link Deletion Response

3 ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

7. Radio Link Failure IndicationRRCRRC

NBAPNBAP

NBAP

RRCRRC

NBAP

NBAP

NBAP NBAP

Decide to

handover

Start Rx

Start Tx

DCH-FP4. Downlink SynchronisationDCH-FP

DCH-FP5.Uplink SynchronisationDCH-FP

NBAP

NBAP

NBAP


Inter-RNC Hard HandoverInter-RNC Hard Handover


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Before hard handover After hard handover

The radio link between the SRNC and a NodeB and the radio link between the RNC

and another NodeB cannot exist at the same time.

CN

SRNC RNC

NodeBNodeB

CN

SRNC RNC

NodeBNodeB

Inter-RNC Hard Handover Procedure (overthe Iur Interface)

Inter-RNC Hard Handover Procedure (overthe Iur Interface)


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RNSAPRNSAP1. Radio Link Setup Request

UE Node B

Source

Node BTarget

RNCSource

RNCTarget

SRNC

RRCRRC

10. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete

RRC7.DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration

RRC

6. ALCAP Iur Data Transport Bearer Setup

NBAP NBAP2. Radio Link Setup Request

NBAP NBAP3. Radio Link Setup Response

NBAP NBAP12. Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP NBAP13. Radio Link Deletion Response

4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup


RNSAP RNSAP15. Radio Link Deletion Response

16. ALCAP Iur Data Transport Bearer Release

RNSAP5. RL Setup Response

RNSAP

RNSAP11. Radio Link Deletion Request

RNSAP

NBAP NBAP8. Radio Link Failure Indication

RNSAPRNSAP

9. Radio Link Failure Indication

the Iur Interface)the Iur Interface)

SRNC RelocationSRNC Relocation


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SRNS

Core Network

Iu

DRNSIur

UE

RNS

Core Network

Iu

SRNS

UE

After SRNS RelocationBefore SRNS Relocation

Cells

Types of SRNS RelocationTypes of SRNS Relocation


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According to existing realization modes of the RNC, the SRNS relocationcan be classified into the following types:

Static relocation

Relocation after the DRL is established when the UE is in theCELL_DCH state. It is called the static state.

Relocation after the IUR CCH is established when the UE is in the

CELL_FACH state. It is called the FACH static relocation.

Relocation with hard handover: indicates the relocation triggered by

inter-RNC handover when the UE is in the CELL_DCH state.

Relocation with forward handover: indicates the relocation triggered by

the cell update or URA update when the UE is in the CELL_FACH,

CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state.

Inter-RAT handover: The handover procedure between WCDMA and

GSM is basically the same as the relocation with hard handover.

Static RelocationStatic Relocation


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60/63Relocation with Hard Handover (PS)Relocation with Hard Handover (PS)


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Inter-RAT Handover Procedure (from UMTS toGSM)

Inter-RAT Handover Procedure (from UMTS toGSM)


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07 UMTS UTRAN Signaling Procedures

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