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NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

By Sawiji Amani

Mobile phone: 081 328 028333

E-mail: sawijiamani@gmail.com

Basic Sciences epa!"men"M#hamma$iyah %ombong &ni'e!si"y

(en"!al )a'a *n$onesia

mailto:sawijiamani@gmail.commailto:sawijiamani@gmail.com

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28+11+1,

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Nervous system organization

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Phantom Limb Sensation(Tortora & Derrickson, !!"#$$%

Patients 'ho hae ha) a *imb am+tate)

ma- sti** e.+erience sensations sch as

itchin/, +ressre, tin/*in/, or +ain as i0 the

*imb 'ere sti** there1

This +henomenon is ca**e) Phantom

Limb Sensation1

2h- so34

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Some E.+*anations

(Tortora & Derrickson, !!"#$$%

51 The cerebra* corte. inter+rets im+*ses arisin/in the +ro.ima* +ortions o0 sensor- nerons that+reios*- carrie) im+*ses 0rom the *imb ascomin/ 0rom the none.istent (+hantom% *imb1

1 The brain itse*0 contains net'orks o0 neronsthat /enerate sensations o0 bo)- a'areness1

61 Nerons in the brain that +reios*- receie)sensor- im+*ses 0rom the missin/ *imb are sti**

actie, /iin/ rise to 0a*se sensor- +erce+tions1

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(Tortora & Derrickson, !!"#$$%

Phantom *imb can be er- )istressin/ toan am+tee1

7an- re+ort that the +ain is seere or

e.treme*- intense, an) that it o0ten )oesnot res+on) to tra)itiona* +ain me)icationthera+-1

In sch cases, a*ternatie treatments ma-inc*)e e*ectrica* nere stim*ation,ac+nctre, an) bio0ee)back1

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8na*/esia# Re*ie0 0rom Pain

(Tortora & Derrickson, !!"#$$6%

Pain sensations sometimes occr ot o0

+ro+ortion to minor )ama/e, +ersist chronica**-

)e to an in9r-, or een a++ear 0or no obios

reason1 In sch cases, analgesia(an: ; 'ithot