7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

1/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Quality Advocates

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

2/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Quality Advocates

U.S. Quality Innovators

Walter Shewhart (1920s -1940s)

W. Edwards Deming (post WWII through 1980s)

Joseph M. Juran (consultant post WWII through1980s)

Philip Crosby (1980s)

Japanese Quality Innovators:

Kaoru Ishikawa (post WWII - 1980s)

Genichi Taguchi (1960s - 1980s)

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

3/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Walter A Shewhart

Pioneer of modern quality control

recognized the need to separate variation into assignable and

unassignable causes (defined in control.)

founder of the control chart (e.g. X-bar and R chart).

originator of the plan-do-check-act cycle.

perhaps the first to successfully integrate statistics,

engineering, and economics.

defined quality in terms of objective and subjective quality

objective quality: quality of a thing independent of people.

subjective quality: quality is relative to how people perceive it.

(value)

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

4/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

W. Edwards Deming

Studied under Shewhart at Bell Laboratories

Contributions: well known for helping Japanese companies apply

Shewharts statistical process control.

Main contribution is his Fourteen Points to Quality

create constancy of purpose.

cease dependence on inspection to improve quality

drive out fear and build employee trust.

seek long-term supplier relationship

eliminate numerical goals; substitute leadership (abolish

annual rating or merit system).

eliminate slogans, exhortations, and work-force targets

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

5/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

The Deming Chain Reaction

Improve

Quality

Costs Decrease:(Less rework,

fewer mistakes,

less scrap)

Productivity

Improves

Achieve Greater

Market Share

(higher qualityproducts at less cost)

Stay in

Business

Provide Jobs

andMore Jobs

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

6/13

ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Joseph M. Juran

Contributions

also well-known for helping improve

Japanese quality.

directed most of his work at executives

and the field of quality management.

- developed the Juran Triology formanaging quality:

Quality planning, quality control, and quality

improvement.

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

7/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Juran

Quality Planning Quality Control

Time

0

C

ostofPoorQua

lity

20

40

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

8/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Feigenbaum

Developed the concept of Total Quality

Control.

System for managing the entire value-chain

connecting supplier to customer.

If you want to find out about your quality,

go out and ask your customer.

Quality control staff = Facilitators.

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

9/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Philip Crosby

Quality management advocate,

consultant, and author

Quality is Free

The four absolutes of quality including: #1- quality is defined by conformance to requirements, not

goodness.

#2 - system for causing quality is prevention not appraisal. #3 - performance standard is zero defects, not thats close

enough.

#4 - measurement of quality is the price of nonconformance,

not indexes.

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

10/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Crosby

Prevention

C

ostofConforma

nce

QualityLow High

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

11/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Kaoru Ishikawa

Contributions Developed concept of true and substitute quality characteristics

true characteristics are the customers view

substitute characteristics are the producers view degree of match between true and substitute ultimately

determines customer satisfaction.

Advocate of the use of the 7 tools (e.g., cause-and-effect diagram)

Advanced the use of quality circles (worker quality teams).

Respect for humanity as a management philosophy - fullparticipation.

Cross-functional management.

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

12/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj.webs.com)

Genichi Taguchi Contributions: Taguchi methods emphasize consistency of

performance and reduced variation

Quality loss function (deviation from target is aloss to society).

Parameter design (robust engineering) which

is an application of Design of Experiments. Identify key variables

Reduce variation on the important variables

Open up tolerances on unimportant variables

7/28/2019 05 Quality Advocates

13/13ME 04 801: QUALITY ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT (Jinto A J jintoaj webs com)

Taguchi

TargetLower

specification

limit

Upper

specification

limit

Loss