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    Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

    WCDMA UTRANOptimization Flow

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    Foreword

    WCDMA optimization is a very important part in the life of

    the network.

    Mainly, the optimization contents the preparation, single site

    verification, RF optimization, parameters optimization.

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

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    WCDMA Optimization Flow

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

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    WCDMA Optimization Flow - Preparation

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    The Preparation for Projection

    The following work is required:

    Understanding of the Existing Network

    Cluster Division and Optimization Team Establishment

    Optimization Tools and Software

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    The Preparation for Projection

    Understanding of the Existing Network :

    Radio Network Planning report

    Latest site configuration parameter table and radio part

    parameter configuration table

    OMC statistic data and subscriber complaints of the existing

    network

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    The Preparation for Projection

    Optimization Tool:

    UMTS Scanner

    UMTS Test UE

    GPS and data line

    Digital camera

    spectrum analyzer

    Optimization Software:

    Post processing

    tool

    MapInfo

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

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    WCDMA Optimization FlowSingle Site

    Verification

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    Single Site Verification

    Purpose:

    The single site verification test is a part of the WCDMA network

    optimization to ensure that the basic functions of the cell are normal,

    such as call access, call quality, handover and so on.

    Single site verification involves the following aspects: Parameter setting check in idle mode

    Services call (AMR/VP/PS) function check in connected mode

    HSDPA function check

    CPICH RSCP & Ec/Io

    Installing problems check

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    Single Site Verification

    Single site verification includes :

    preparations before test

    single site test

    solving problems

    The single site verification is completed by:

    On-site engineers

    RNO engineers

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    Single Site Verification - Task of

    the on-site engineers Preparations

    Site Status Check

    For each cell to be measured, check Status by LMT or M2000 Status

    Configuration Data Collection and Check

    check whether the data configured is consistent with the planned data

    Testing Point Selection

    Test UE Setup

    Set the handset to testing mode before test

    Other Preparations

    Application key

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    Single Site Verification - Task of the on-

    site engineers Verification in Idle Mode

    Frequency Check

    Check whether the frequency number of the cell to be measured is consistent

    with the planned data

    Scramble Check

    Check whether the scramble configuration is consistent with the planned

    configuration

    LAC/RAC Check

    Check whether the LAC/RAC of the cell to be measured is consistent with the

    planed one.

    CPICH_RSCP/CPICH_Ec/Io (Near Site) Test

    Check whether the CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by UE are greater

    than the threshold

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    Single Site Verification - Task of the on-

    site engineers Verification in connect Mode

    Originating and Terminating Connection Test of Voice Service

    Check whether the originating and terminating function of voice service

    function normally by call quality test

    Originating and Terminating Connection Test of VP Service

    Check whether the originating and terminating function of VP service function

    normally by call quality test

    Connection Test of PS Services

    Check whether the originating function of PS services are normal by handset

    online service

    Solving Problems

    If on-site engineers find product function problems or parameter configuration

    problems, the engineers must location them and retest until the problems are

    solved and process terminates.

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    Single Site VerificationTask of the

    RNO engineers

    Preparations

    Cell Status Confirmation

    Before checking site, you need to inquiry product support

    engineers whether the cell is in normal status

    Testing Route Selection

    Before test, you must select a proper testing route according to

    site distribution and local environment

    Precautions

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    Single Site VerificationTask of the

    RNO engineers

    Coverage DT Check

    Check whether CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by

    scanner is normal

    Abnormal power amplifier

    Abnormal connection of antenna-feeder

    Inconsistency of antenna tile/direction angle from planned one

    Blocking by buildings

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    Single Site VerificationTask of the

    RNO engineers

    HSDPA Access Function Test

    To test HSDPA access function

    Check whether the antenna for receiving diversity signals is

    reversely connected

    Fixed Maximum Transmit Power of UE, measure the RTWP of

    the cells

    Checking Antennas by Exchanging Feeders

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    Single Site VerificationTask of the

    RNO engineers

    Antenna Diversity Check

    The method for UE to transmit signals at the fixed maximum

    power is a recommended method of test and operation

    Solving Problems

    If RNO engineers find problems about product function, RNO

    engineers must ask product support engineers to solve

    problems

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    Single Site Verification

    Summarization:

    In single site verification stage, engineers check whether

    equipment functions normally

    Single site verification is a basis for the following RF

    optimization and service optimization

    If all verifications about function are accepted, the single site

    verification is completed

    After single site verification, optimization comes to RFoptimization

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

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    WCDMA Optimization FlowRF

    Optimization

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    RF Optimization - Overview

    Once all the sites are installed and verification is complete, RFoptimization starts.

    During the RF optimization stage, you will optimize radio

    frequency (RF) signals , so that the distribution of radio signals is

    normal in next service -- parameters optimization stage

    RF optimization includes the following aspects:

    Coverage optimization

    Pilot pollution optimization

    Handover optimization

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    RF Optimization flow

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    RF Optimization - Preparation (1)

    Deciding Optimization target Weak coverage

    Pilot pollution

    High SHO Factor based on DT

    Dividing Clusters

    Deciding Test Route

    Confirm the KPI DT acceptance route with the operator before

    DT

    Preparing Tools and Data

    Preparing Software

    Preparing Hardware

    Preparing Data

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    RF Optimization - Preparation (2)

    Index Reference Remarks

    CPICH Ec/Io 9dB

    97% in urban area According to test result from the scanner, in

    unloaded and outdoor conditions, in planning

    coverage areas, test in a grid-like route to cover all

    cells. 97% in suburban

    area

    CPICH RSCP

    95dBm

    98% in urban area According to test result from the scanner, inunloaded and outdoor conditions, in planning

    coverage areas, test in a grid-like route to cover all

    cells. The coverage level request is basic. If

    operators have penetration loss request, add the

    penetration loss to the coverage level.

    95% in suburban

    area

    SHO Factor based on

    DT 30%40%

    The SHO Factor based on DT should be 5% to

    10% lower than the goal, because the following

    optimizations cause the soft handover factor to

    increase

    Pilot pollution ratio 5%

    RF Optimization - Targets

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    RF Optimization - Preparation (3)

    Dividing Clusters

    RF optimization must be performed on a group of or a cluster

    of NodeBs ,This ensures that interference from intra-frequency

    neighbor cells are considered during optimization.

    Dividing clusters involves approval by the operator.

    Deciding Test Route

    The KPI DT acceptance route is the core route of RF

    optimization test routes. Its optimization is the core of RF

    optimization.

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    RF Optimization - Preparing Tools and

    Data:

    Software

    Genex Probe

    Genex Assistant

    Genex Nastar

    Mapinfo

    Device

    Scanner

    Test terminal and

    data line

    Laptop

    Vehicle mounted

    inverter

    Needed data

    List of engineering

    parameters

    Map

    KPI requirements

    Network configuration

    parameters

    Survey report

    Single site verificationchecklist

    Floor plan of the target

    buildings

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    RF Optimization - Data Collection

    During RF optimization stage, the key is the optimization of radio

    signals distribution, with the major means of DT and indoor test

    DT is a major test. Collect scanner and UE data of radio signals

    by DT test

    Usually the DT and indoor test during RF optimization stage is

    based on VP service.

    During RF optimization stage, collect neighbor cell data of network

    optimization and other data configured in RNC database

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    RF Optimization - RF problem

    solutions

    Antenna tilt

    Antenna azimuth

    Antenna location

    Split sector

    Remove sector

    Combine sector

    Antenna height

    Antenna type

    TMA

    RRU

    Site location

    New site

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    RF Optimization

    Attention:

    During the RF optimization ,sometimes the problems can be

    resolved completely by proper adjustment, but there is also

    some disadvantages of the RF optimization

    The duration of the RF Optimization will be always very long

    Some adjustment is difficult to implement

    If the problems are not resolved by the RF optimization, it isdifficult to recover the antennas back to the former

    conditions

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    RF Optimization

    Some advices:

    Before the RF adjusting, wed better survey the relative sites,

    and give some applicable advice

    If possible, do the RF adjustment and test the effect at thesame time

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    Coverage problem analysis is key to RF optimization. It

    involves signal distribution. The coverage problems to be

    analyzed include:

    Weak coverage Overshoot coverage

    Unbalance between uplink and downlink

    No primary pilot cell

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    Coverage Analysis Processes:

    Downlink Coverage Analysis

    Analyzing Pilot Coverage Strength

    Analyzing Pilot Coverage quality

    Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell

    Analyzing comparison of UE and Scanner Coverage

    Uplink Coverage Analysis

    Analyzing Uplink Interference

    Analyzing distribution of UE Transmit Power

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage Strength

    Analysis

    Check areas of poor coverage, suggestion value as below:

    Good: RSCP -85 dBm Fair: -95 dBm RSCP < -85 dBm

    Poor: RSCP < -95 dBm

    Mark the areas with weak coverage or common seamless

    coverage of large areas for further analysis

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    RF Coverage Problem AnalysisDownlink coverage analysis -Pilot Coverage StrengthAnalysis

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage quality

    Analysis

    Ec/Io plot should also be analysed based on the thresholds :

    Good: Ec/Io -8 dB Fair: -14 dB Ec/Io < -8 dB

    Poor: Ec/Io < - 14 dB

    Areas of poor Ec/Io should be highlighted for further

    investigation

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    -15.5

    -104

    -20

    -19

    -18

    -17

    -16

    -15

    -14

    Ec/Io RSCP

    -120

    -115

    -110

    -105

    -100

    -95

    -90

    Whats the

    problem?

    Downlink coverage analysis -Pilot Coverage qualityAnalysis:

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    -15.5

    -63

    -20

    -19

    -18

    -17

    -16

    -15

    -14

    Ec/Io RSCP

    -90

    -85

    -80

    -75

    -70

    -65

    -60

    Whats the

    problem?

    Downlink coverage analysis -Pilot Coverage qualityAnalysis:

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    RF Coverage Problem AnalysisDownlink coverage analysis -Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell:

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    RF Coverage Problem Analysis

    Downlink coverage analysis - Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell:

    Cell primary pilot analysis is analyzing cell scramble

    information obtained in DT

    The content to be checked include : Weak coverage cell

    Cross-cell coverage cell

    No primary pilot cell

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    RF Coverage Problem AnalysisDownlink coverage analysis -Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell:

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    RF Coverage Problem AnalysisDownlink coverage analysis -Analyzing comparison of UE and Scanner Coverage:

    Inconsistent Best Service Cell between scanner and UE

    RF Coverage Problem

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    RF Coverage Problem

    Analysis

    Uplink coverage analysis is analyzing UE transmit power obtained in DT.

    The quality standards of UE transmit power must be combined with optimization

    standards.

    Assume the optimization indexes of UE transmit power as below:

    UE_Tx_Power 10 dBm >= 95%The test result of voice service by

    test handset. Assume the maximum

    transmit power of UE is 21 dBm

    The defined corresponding quality standards are:

    Good if UE_Tx_Power 0 dBm

    Fair if 0 dBm < UE_Tx_Power 10 dBm

    Poor if UE_Tx_Power > 10 dBm

    Uplink coverage analysis:

    RF Coverage Problem

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    RF Coverage Problem

    AnalysisUplink - Distribution of UE Transmit Power:

    The distribution of UE transmit power reflects the distribution of uplinkinterference and uplink path loss

    The distribution of UE transmit power

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    Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

    Pilot Pollution Point Definition:

    The pilot pollution is that excessive strong pilots exist in a point

    but no primary pilot is strong enough

    Pilot pollution exists if all the following conditions are met:

    The number of pilots that meet the following condition is more than

    4 and CPICH_RSCP > -100dBm

    (CPICH_RSCP1st - CPICH_RSCP 4th)< 5dB

    Pilot Pollution Problem

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    Pilot Pollution Problem

    Analysis

    -62-63

    -64-66 -67

    -81

    -90

    -85

    -80

    -75

    -70

    -65

    -60

    SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6

    RSCP

    (dBm)

    Active Set Pilot Pollution

    Margin

    Not

    Pilot Pollution

    Pilot Pollution Definition - Judgment Standards :

    Pilot Pollution Problem

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    Pilot Pollution Problem

    AnalysisPilot Pollution Definition - Estimated Active Set Size Example :

    Pilot Pollution Problem

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    Pilot Pollution Problem

    AnalysisSC Count % in Pollution Set

    8 206 12.9%

    9 165 10.3%

    10 157 9.8%

    11 156 9.7%

    12 148 9.2%

    13 135 8.4%

    16 95 5.9%

    17 94 5.9%

    18 76 4.7%19 74 4.6%

    20 73 4.6%

    21 56 3.5%

    32 54 3.4%

    35 39 2.4%

    37 33 2.1%

    43 19 1.2%

    48 8 0.5%

    53 7 0.4%

    67 3 0.2%

    80 2 0.1%

    130 2 0.1%

    Should be investigated

    Pilot Pollution Definition - Estimated Active Set Size Example :

    Pilot pollution results

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    Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

    Causes of Pilot Pollution :

    Improper Cell Distribution

    Over High NodeB or Highly-mounted Antenna

    Improper Antenna Azimuth

    Improper Antenna Down Tilt

    Improper PICH Power

    Ambient Factors

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    Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

    Influence of Pilot Pollution :

    Pilot pollution causes the following network problems:

    Ec/Io Deterioration

    Call Drop Due to Handover

    Capacity Decline

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    Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

    Process for Analyzing Pilot Pollution

    Analyze scanner-based RSCP for 1st Best Service Cell and

    Ec/Io for 1st Best Service Cell

    Analyze scanner-based Whole PP

    Locate the cells that cause pilot pollution of the key areas.

    Judge whether the pilot pollution is caused by existence of

    multiple strong pilots or lack of a strong pilot

    Confirm the cells that need eliminating the coverage of an area

    and that need enhancing the coverage of an area

    Retest after adjustment

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    Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis

    Solutions of Pilot Pollution :

    Antenna Adjustment

    PCPICH Power Adjustment

    Using RRU or Micro Cells

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    Handover Problem Analysis

    By adjusting RF parameters ,we can Control the size and location

    of handover areas ,then we can eliminate handover call drop due

    to sharp fluctuation and increase handover success rate.

    During RF optimization stage, the involved handover probleminclude:

    Neighbor cell optimization

    Controlling SHO Factor based on DT

    Hando er Problem Anal sis

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    Handover Problem Analysis -

    Neighbor cell optimization During RF optimization stage, missing neighbor cell is a key problem. The

    neighbor cell optimization includes adding and removing neighbor cells

    Add: Missing neighbors

    Remove: These neighbors that were not measured but are in the neighbor list.

    Careful consideration is needed prior to removing neighbours

    Neighbor cell optimization can be analyzed by :

    Scanner Data

    UE Data Analysis

    H d P bl A l i N i hb

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    Handover Problem Analysis - Neighbor

    cell optimization By the scanner data, the Assistant can generate a neighbor cell

    analysis report in the format of Excel

    H d P bl A l i N i hb

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    Handover Problem Analysis - Neighbor

    cell optimization

    We can also analyze a missing neighbor cell by UE DT data

    The daemon analysis tool can seldom analyze UE data

    automatically and generate missing neighbor cells but we can Compare the active set Ec/Io distribution

    diagram measured by UE and that measured by scanner

    The spots with missing neighbor cells has a poor Ec/Iomeasured by UE and a strong Ec/Io scanned by scanner .

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    Handover Problem Analysis

    According to the DT data from scanner, you can obtain the

    SHO Factor based on DT, defined as below:

    Controlling SHO Factor based on DT:

    DTinpointscollected-scannertotalofNumberconditionshandovermeet thethatDTinpointscollected-scannerofNumberRatioHandoverSoft

    The SHO Factor based on DT during RF optimization

    stage must be 5%10% lower than the KPI targetvalue

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    Handover Problem Analysis

    UE SHO Performance

    The success rates for event 1a, 1b & 1c and can be obtained

    from softwareNumber of Active Set Updates

    Event Count

    Event 1a - 328

    Event 1b - 306Event 1c - 64

    Number of Active Set Update Completes

    Event Count

    Event 1a - 326

    Event 1b - 305Event 1c - 62

    Soft-Handover Success Rate

    Event Rate

    Event 1a - 99.4

    Event 1b - 99.7

    Event 1c - 96.9

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    RF Analysis ApproachesNeighbor List

    If the SHO Factor based on DT is over large, decrease or

    change the handover areas by using the following methods

    for shrinking coverage areas:

    Increase the down tilt

    Adjust azimuth

    Decrease the antenna height

    Decrease the PICH power

    Controlling SHO Factor based on DT:

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

    WCDMA Optimization Flow Parameter

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    WCDMA Optimization FlowParameter

    Optimization

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    Purpose of Parameters Optimization

    Purpose of parameters optimization

    Decrease the access success ratio

    Decrease the call drop ratio

    Increase the quality of service

    The tools and data for analysis:

    scanner and UE

    RNC record data

    Statistic tools and KPI

    MSC & SGSN record if necessary

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    Drive test The contents of drive test

    The call setup test for voice service

    The continuous call test for voice service

    Idle mode test

    The call setup test for video phone service

    The continuous call test for voice service

    The call setup test for PS service

    The continuous call test for PS service

    The test should be performed repeatedly to the position with

    problems to make sure that the problem is repeatable

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    Drive Test Data Analysis

    Drive Test Data Analysis

    Analyzing and finding out the solution for access failure

    Analyzing and finding out the solution for drop call

    Analyzing and finding out the solution for service quality relatedproblems

    Adjustment Recommendation and

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    Adjustment Recommendation and

    Implementation

    Adjustment Recommendation and Implementation

    Common Control Channel Power Allocation parameters

    RL Maximum Power parameters

    Intra-frequency Handover parameters

    Inter-frequency Handover parameters

    Inter-RAT Handover parameters

    Power Control parameters

    Access parameters

    Other related parameters

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    Test for Special Areas

    Special area refers to a small district or indoors environment

    Operator offices, residence of VIP

    Key hotels or entertainment location

    Government location

    Locations of large company or group subscribers

    Locations tend to be cared , such as railway station or airport

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    Contents

    1. Introduction of Optimization Flow

    2. The preparation for the Optimization Project

    3. Single Site Verification

    4. RF Optimization

    5. Parameters Optimization

    6. Optimization Report

    WCDMA Optimization Flow Optimization

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    WCDMA Optimization FlowOptimization

    Report Output

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    Optimization Report

    Theoptimization reportshould be presented after the project passes

    the customer acceptance. The optimization report should include:

    Project background introduction

    Existing network status

    Acceptance criteria

    Optimization process

    Problem analysis and adjustment recommendation, and the effect for the

    implemented part

    Acceptance test and result

    Leftover problems and suggestions from the optimization point of view.

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    Thank youwww.huawei.com