03) cath q
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LECTURE 3
‘THE CATHOLIC QUESTION’
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“Confessional state”
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“Confessional state”
Political - full citizenship
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“Confessional state”
Political - full citizenship
Economic - supported by state taxation (‘tithe’)
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• Presbyterians and Catholics
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• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
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• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
• Geographically separate
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• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
• Geographically separate
• Briefly allied in 1790s
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Reform of Parliament
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Reform of Parliament
• Wider franchise
• Fewer small boroughs
• More MPs for larger constituencies
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• Reform taken up by Volunteers
• Dungannon Convention 1782
• Petition to Parliament - rejected
• Reform minority in Parliament
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Failure of reform movement
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Failure of reform movement
• Opposition of Parliament
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Failure of reform movement
• Opposition of Parliament
• Internal division - admission of non-Anglicans to political sphere
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‘Catholic Question’
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‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
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‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
• Supported Stuart kings in exile
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‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
• Supported Stuart kings in exile
• ‘Penal Laws’ - restrictions on property, parliament, voting
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‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
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‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
• Catholic committee - dominated by landowners
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‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
• Catholic committee - dominated by landowners
• 1778 - removal of laws on land - in return for soldiers
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‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767• Catholic committee - dominated by
landowners• 1778 - removal of laws on land - in
return for soldiers• Hope for further reform in 1780s - came
to nothing
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Impact of French Revolution
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Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
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Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
• New members of Catholic Committee - merchants, tradesmen - more radical
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Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
• New members of Catholic Committee - merchants, tradesmen - more radical
• Turned attention to London
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Cathoic population
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
• Politicised Catholic population
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• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
• Politicised Catholic population
• Addressed petitions to London
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Effect of Revolution on London
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Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
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Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
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Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
• Catholic Relief Act 1793 - vote, guns
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Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
• Catholic Relief Act 1793 - vote, guns
• 1795 State founds Maynooth College
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• Note - Irish Catholic Church as an institution was opposed to radical politics
• Continuously opposed revolutionary activity
• Some priests involved - exceptional