02a - LTE Overview

LTE Overview

latest material underhttps://sharenet-ims.inside.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/Open/362836894

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Re-use of• Sites and

infrastructure• Backhauling• Frequency bands

Key benefits for operators and end-user

User experience ARPU

Scalable bandwidthLow cost per Mbyte

Investment Protection

3G HSPA HSPAevo LTE …

Cost per Mbyte Optimized spectrum usage

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

900 MHz

900 or1800 MHz GSM

or

GSM UMTS

LTE

HSPA HSPA LTEevo

Throughput Latency

Lower Costs, Scalability

HSPA HSPA LTEevo


Content

LTE/SAE Technology Overview

Standardization & Industry forums


Standardization & Industry forums

• NGMN Ltd. • LTE/SAE Trial Initiative • 3GPP


NGMN Ltd. Consortium

MISSION

Operator community view on requirement in the decade beyond 2010.

VISION

• Provide a platform for innovation

• Target architecture will be an optimized Packet Switched (PS) network architecture

• Address key issues that underpin the success of mobile industry: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), interworking of different technologies (early interoperability tests), ...


NGMN Ltd. status (as of 6/2009)

19 ngmn Members:

35 ngmn Sponsors:

3 ngmn Advisors:


Requirements as stated by NGMN (NGMN_WP_Version3_0)

• Seamless Mobility• Low Latency• High Spectral Efficiency• High E2E Throughput• Quality of Service• Security• Integrated Network• Inter-working• Simplicity• Low Total Cost of Ownership• High Reliability

Industry Liaisons - NGMN Ltd.


LSTI (LTE-SAE Trial Initiative)- joint test bed for LTE worldwide

http://lstiforum.org/

Friendly customer trials

PR

2007 2008 2009 2010

Public Relation work

InteroperabilityIODT

IOT

Trials

Test of basic functions

Proof of Concept

• Nokia Siemens Networks drives LSTI

Test of OFDM Air Interface

LSTI initiatives goals/objectives

• drive industrialization of 3GPP LTE/SAE technology

• demonstrate feasibility and capabilities of 3GPP LTE-SAE technology under real world conditions. Indoor & outdoor tests

• accelerate development of 3GPP specification and stimulate LTE/SAE ecosystem


Roadmap for LSTI in general

IOTIODT TrialsProof of Conceptpartially

compliantCompliant

over key subset Compliant Compliant+form factor UE

Vendor + test UE

or UE partner Vendor +

UE partner pairsMultiple Partners Vendors and UE

Operator + Vendor +UE partner

Towards standards compliancy and commercial conditions

Applications

EPC

NSN RA LTE Business Development

NSN drives LSTI organization• Founding member of LSTI• Permanent Board member• Head of Program Office• Leading LSTI Legal Body• One of the main contributor• Active in all Working Programs

LSTI Press Release on February 5th, 2008

Telecom Industry Group Sees Soaring Speeds for LTE Mobile BroadbandLTE/SAE Trial Initiative Shows LTE Development is on Track and the Ecosystem

is Broadening

BARCELONA, February 5, 2008 – The LTE/SAE Trial Initiative (LSTI) has completed a secondround of LTE tests which show that the technology is on track to bring super-fast wireless

broadband capabilities to the mass market. LSTI, which consists of companies from across theglobal telecom industry, has verified that LTE is capable of achieving the high speed downloads

and fast network response times necessary to give a true broadband experience on mobiledevices.

….The latest laboratory and early field tests on prototype LTE systems have confirmed that baseline

devices can achieve download speeds exceeding 100 Mbps, and high performance systemsusing 4x4 MIMO antennas can push this to beyond 300Mbps.

……“These latest test results show that LTE development is striding confidently forward, with

prototype systems comfortably meeting the performance targets set out by the 3GPP standards,”said Doug Wolff, general manager of LTE, Nortel, LSTI Member.


Standardization3GPP Rel 8 LTE/SAE specifications finalized

First release of LTE/SAE specifications (3GPP Rel 8) finalized E03/2009• Stable implementation base reached (for FDD and TDD) by 03/2009

Final EPC spec for first implementation by 05/2009

SA 3 Security aspects

SA 5 Charging aspectsOAM aspects

FF

Overall SAE Work PlanStatus: 04/2009

SA2

2007 2008 2009Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar

CT 3 aspects TR/TS

Specifications

CT1

CT 3

CT 4

Jun

F: Freezing

TR 29.804 on maintenance mode, work shifted to TS work

F

FCT 1 aspects TR/TS

Specifications

CT 4 aspects TR/TS

Specifications

TR 29.803 on maintenance mode, work shifted to TS work

FF

F

Exceptions to be completedCorrections based on stage 3 work completed end of March 2009

TR24.801 on maintenance mode, work shifted to TS work CAT F corrections

still foreseen

CAT F corrections still foreseen

CAT F corrections still foreseen

F

RAN1

2007 2008 2009Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar

Layer 1

Layer 2

UE eNB Tx/RxRRM core

PAA

AA

RAN2

RAN4

RRC

Jun

P

Common env.Signaling

RAN5RF Tx/Rx/Per Req.

AA

eNB Test

P F

FF AF

L1&TransportP

AA

RAN3S1/X2 AP

P FF AF

FF

ARRM Test

FF

ARF RRM A

A: ApprovalP: Pre-Functional FreezingF: Functional FreezingAF: ASN.1 Freezing

Overall LTE Work Plan: Common finalization dates for FDD and TDD

Test specificationCore radio specifications

Status: 04/2009

3GPP Rel.8, March 2009 as basis for commercial launch [radio & terminals]EPC topics finalized within May 2009 [radio & core]


Summary – Trends & Drivers

Traffic

Revenue

• Strong industry momentum

• Advanced ecosystem

• Global standard completed (3GPP Rel.8, March 2009) for first commercial LTE implementations

• Traffic & Revenue disconnected

• Offloading from legacy needed

• 5 billion connected in 2015

• 3GPP technology mainstream


LTE/SAE Technology Overview


AccessFlat Overall Architecture

• 2-node architecture• IP routable transport architecture

Improved Radio Principles• peak data rates [Mbps ] 173 DL , 58 UL • Scalable BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz• Short latency: 10 – 20 ms

New Core Architecture• Simplified Protocol Stack• Simple, more efficient QoS• UMTS backward compatible security

LTE / SAE introduces the mechanism to fulfill the requirements of a next generation mobile network

Access Core Control

LTE BTS (eNodeB)

MMESAE-GW

IMS HLR/HSS

RF Modulation:• OFDMA in DL• SC-FDMA in UL

Basic Concepts / Architecture

MME

S-GW and P-GW


Key architectural concept.Flat and cost effective Mobile Network

Access Core Control

W-CDMA BTSRNC

IMS HLR/HSS

2G BTS BSCMSCMGW

SGSN GGSN

LTE BTS (eNodeB)

MGW

MMESAE-GW

• New air I/F providing higher data throughputs• LTE provides flexibility for spectrum re-farming

and new spectrum• LTE can operate in a number of different

frequency bands

• Simplified, flat network architecture based on IP reduces operators’ cost per bit significantly

• Interworking with legacy systems is an integral part of service continuity

• Re-use of existing equipment as much as possible

Improved flexible radio technology Simpler architecture for reduced OPEX

GSM/EDGE/

UMTS/HSPA

LTE / SAE

Radio Access technology overview


TDMA FDMA CDMA OFDMA

f f

f

t

f

tcode

s

f

f

t

f

t

f

• Time Division • Frequency Division • Code Division • Frequency Division• Orthogonal subcarriers

Multiple Access Methods

User 1 User 2 User 3 User ..


Results of multipath fading

Reflections and multipath-fadingresult in large variationsof frequency response


Downlink - OFDMSubchannels / Tones (each 15 kHz)

time

1 TTI= 1ms

1 PRB (Physical Resource Block) = 12 Subcarriers = 180 kHz

1 PRB = 2 Slots = 2 * 0.5 ms

1.4 MHz = 72 Tones 20 MHz = 1200 TonesUser 1

User 2

User 3

User ..


OFDMA and Channel aware scheduler is key for high spectral efficiency of LTE

– OFDMA => no-intracell interference between UE‘s– DL FDPS (Frequency Dependent Packet Scheduling)

Spectral efficiency gain of approx. 40% for wide bandwidth allocation (20 MHz) vs. WCDMA/HSPA [where always the full channel bandwidth is used]▪ Radio link conditions are known from subband-CQIs reports

(with certain frequency resolution)▪ Optimum radio resources per UE determined by eNB (scheduler)▪ Smallest allocation size (Resource Block Group) depends on the system bandwidth

(see 3GPP 36.213, Chapter 7.1.6)

Frequency

Resource Block Group

Transmission on non-faded bandwidth parts

Carrier bandwidth

Frequency dependent fading signal

• CQI assisted scheduling (FDPS) improves spectral efficiency in LTE over WCDMA, also for high load scenarios


Uplink – Single Carrier FDMA

SC-FDMA: PRB‘s are grouped to bring down Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR)> better power efficiency at the terminal

1.4 MHz = 72 Tones 20 MHz = 1200 Tones

Subchannels / Tones (each 15 kHz)

time

1 TTI= 1ms


1 PRB = 2 Slots = 2 * 0.5 ms

User 1

User 2

User 3

User ..


downli

nk

OFMD Downlink & SC-FDMA Uplink - TDD Timing

SC-FDMA: PRB‘s are grouped to bring down Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR)> better power efficiency at the terminal

1.4 MHz = 72 Tones 20 MHz = 1200 Tones


time

1 TTI= 1ms


1 PRB = 2 Slots = 2 * 0.5 ms

User 1

User 2

User 3

User ..

uplin

k

downli

nk

Special subframe containing guard period (switching from DL -> UL)


The Beauties of LTE

Channel only changes amplitude and phase of subcarriers

Fast Link Adaptation

due to channel

behaviour

Short TTI = 1 msTransmission time interval

Advanced Scheduling Time & Freq. (Frequency

Selective Scheduling)

TX RX

Tx RxMIMO

Channel

DL: OFDMA

UL: SC-FDMA

scalable

HARQ: Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request

64QAMModulation

1

2

21NACK ACK

Rx Buffer

Combined decoding


LTE Radio principles

• Power efficient uplink increasing battery lifetime• Improved cell edge performance by low peak to average ratio• Reduced Terminal complexity

Uplink:

SC-FDMA

• Enabling peak cell data rates of 173 Mbps DL and 58 Mbps in UL *

• Scalable bandwidth: 1.4 / 3 / 5 / 10 /15 / 20 MHz also allows deployment in lower frequency bands (rural coverage, refarming)

• Short latency: 10 – 20 ms **

• Improved spectral efficiency• Reduced interference• Very well suited for MIMO

* At 20 MHz bandwidth, FDD, 2 Tx, 2 Rx, DL MIMO, PHY layer gross bit rate ** roundtrip ping delay (server near RAN)

Downlink:

OFDMA


time

1 TTI= 1ms

1 PRB (Physical Resource Block)= 12 Subcarriers = 180 kHz

1 PRB = 2 Slots= 2 * 0.5 ms

User 1User 2User 3User ..


time

1 TTI= 1ms

1 PRB (Physical Resource Block)= 12 Subcarriers = 180 kHz

1 PRB = 2 Slots= 2 * 0.5 ms

User 1User 2User 3User ..


MIMO Technology Overview

Several antenna technologies are summarized under the term MIMO (Multiple Input /Multiple output):

• Single user DL MIMO• DL MIMO - transmit diversity• DL MIMO - spatial Multiplexing

• Multi-user MIMO

• Virtual MIMO (UL MIMO)


DL single user MIMO – with 2 antennas

DL MIMO – Transmit diversity

Enhanced cell edge performance,capacity increase

• 2 TX antennas• SFBC (space frequency block codes)• Single stream (code word)

DL MIMO – Spatial multiplexing

Two code words (A+B) are transmitted in parallel to one UE which doublesthe peak rate.

A

B

Doubles the peak rate at good channelquality (near BTS)

• 2 TX antennas• Spatial multiplexing with two code words

Dynamic selection between• Spatial multiplexing with two code words (UE near the BTS)• Transmit diversity with one code word (UE far away from BTS to improve link budget/

SNIR)


UL multi user MIMO (virtual MIMO)

• In uplink, multi-stream transmission from single UE is not supported.• So called virtual MIMO or UL MU-MIMO is used instead

Increased cell throughput by multi user diversity gains– single Tx antennas at UEs– Two users are scheduled to use the same resource so the base station

receives multi-stream transmission

UE B data stream

UE A data stream


1.4 MHz

3.0 MHz

5 MHz

10 MHz

20 MHz

FFT size

128

256

512

1024

2048

Bandwidth

Narrow spectrum refarming(providing good coverage

in lower spectrum allocations)

High data rates(typically on new spectrum allocation)

LTE Bandwidth Scalability

• LTE provides scalable bandwidth 1.4 – 20 MHz using different number of subcarriers and different FFT size

• Large bandwidth provides high data rates • Small bandwidth allows simpler spectrum refarming,e.g. 850 MHz,900

MHz


LTE Downlink and Uplink Peak Bit Rates

• LTE-bandwidth is selected via SW mode in Flexi System and RF Modules

Downlink [Mbit/s per cell]

Uplink [Mbit/s per cell]

Modulation MIMO usageQPSK Single stream 1.0 2.7 4.4 8.8 13.0 17.616QAM Single stream 2.8 7.0 11.4 22.9 35.2 46.9

Modulation MIMO usage

QPSK Single stream 0.9 2.3 4.0 8.0 11.8 15.816QAM Single stream 1.9 5.0 8.0 16.4 24.5 32.964QAM Single stream 4.4 11.1 18.3 36.7 55.1 75.464QAM 2x2 MIMO 8.8 22.2 36.7 73.7 110.1 149.8

1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHzResource blocks 6 15 25 50 75 100LTE cell bandwidth

1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHzResource blocks 6 15 25 50 75 100LTE cell bandwidth

DL: 2x2–MIMO: 64QAM => 150 Mbps in 20 MHz, 73Mbps in 10 MHzUL: Single-stream Tx:16QAM => 47 Mbps in 20 MHz, 23Mbps in 10 MHz


LTE UE Categories• All categories support 20 MHz, 64QAM downlink and receive antenna

diversity

• Categories 2-4 expected in the first phase with bit rates up to 150 Mbps

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps 100/50 Mbps 150/50 Mbps 300/75 MbpsPeak rate DL/UL

20 MHzRF bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

64QAMModulation DL 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

16QAMModulation UL 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM

YesRx diversity Yes YesYes Yes

OptionalMIMO DL 2x2 4x42x2 2x2

Core Technology overview


How to streamline core networkto meet future requirements?

Provide all services over a single networking technology

Meet the capacity requirements

Cost efficiencyrequired

Streamline network architecture

FR

ATM IP

E1/T1


Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

PCRFHSS

User planeControl plane

AAA

LTE Radio Access Network

MME

ServingGW

PDNGW

IMS

Services in Packet Data Network

Internet

Operatorservices

CompanyintranetseNode-B

3GPP Rel 8 network architecture:Evolved Packet Core (simplified)

SAE-GW


Cost efficiency in the key dimensions to meet future core network needs

Evolved Packet Core elements optimized according

to their roles in 3GPP R8:

MME:Mobility

management

S-GW and P-GW:Broadband connectivity

Policy Enforcement

Transaction andsignaling capacityto support mobility

Throughput capacity to support

data services’ growth

Packet processingcapacity to support

real-time services

All-IP

MME

Subscribers Transactions

S-GW / P-GW

Throughput: pps and Mbit/sSignalling

Scalability is keyfor core network

efficiency

ATCA platform performance is superior to router based platforms.


Core Technology Overview

• Mobility Management Entity– C-Plane Part– Session & Mobility management– Idle mode mobility management– Paging– AAA Proxy

• Serving Gateway– User plane anchor for mobility between the

2G/3G access system and the LTE access system.

– Resides in visited network in roaming cases– Lawful Interception

• Packet Data Network Gateway – Gateway towards Internet/Intranets– User plane anchor for mobility between 3GPP

and non-3GPP access systems (HA).– Charging Support– Policy and Charging Enforcement (PCEF) *)

– Packet Filtering– Lawful Interception

HLR/HSS(AAA)

PCRF

SAE-GW: System Architecture Evolution Gateway= S-GW + PDN-GW

*) PCRF: Policy and Charging Rules Function communicates withPCEF (Policy and Charging Enforcement Function withinPDN SAE GW)

PDN GW

MME

Serving GW

PDN

IMS

PCEF

SAE-GW


Mobility

HLR/HSS(AAA)

IMSOperator Servicesx

DNS: Domain Name Server GTP: GPRS Tunnel Protocol MIP: Mobile IP SGSN*: upgraded 2G/3G SGSN ( LTE capable)

UE IdentifierGlobal IP Address

MME

Serving GW

DNS

SGSN*2G/3G BTS

RNC/BSC

eNode B

I-WLANCDMA2000WiMAX…

PDN GW (HA)

ePDG for I-WLANPDSN for CDMA2000ASN-GW for WiMAX

…….

Service LayerAccess IndependentGlobal Mobility

Access Specific Local Mobility

UE Global IP PoA

UE 3GPP IP PoA

BS

GTP

GTP

MIP

Internet / Corporate Services

GTP

(FA)


Network-centric QoS scheme

• Substantially optimized Bearer handling compared to 3G networks

• Single scalar label (QCI) is a pointer to a set of QoS parameters

• Network-centric QoS scheme reduces complexity of UE implementations

– Always on default EPS beareravailable after initial access

– Further dedicated EPS bearersetup on network request(e.g. for VoIP calls)

– Does not require support from terminal application clients or device operating system

Traffic priority handling

Traffic class

Transfer delayDelivery orderMax SDU size

Delivery of erroneous SDUs

SDU error rate

Residual BER

Guaranteed bit rate

Max. bit rate

ARP

QoSAware

QCI

Guaranteed bit rate

Max. bit rate

ARP

Non-QoSAware

Aggregate max. bit rate (AMBR)

QCI... QoS control identifierARP… Allocation/Retention priority


05

101520253035404550

GSM EFR GSMAMR

GSMDFCA

WCDMACS voice5.9 kbps

HSPAVoIP/CS12.2 kbps

HSPA CS5.9 kbps

LTE VoIP12.2 kbps

Use

r per

MH

z

Excellent Voice Spectral Efficiency in LTE Evolution from GSM to LTE

15 x more users per MHz with LTE than with GSM EFR!

Performance Overview


LTE/SAEHSPA Evo

(step2)HSPA Evo

(step1)HSDPA/

HSUPA

I-HSPA (NSN system concept)

Overview of 3GPP Evolution

Rel. 6 Rel. 7 Rel. 8

DL

Theo

retic

al P

eak

Rat

e(u

ncod

ed(C

R=1

) gro

ss b

ite ra

te)

326

UL

Mbps/cell • 64 QAM or MIMO

I-HSPA• Flat architecture• Handover support• Higher # of RNC IDs

• 64 QAM + MIMO

1) HSPA capacity values normalized to 4 carriers (2 * 20MHz in total)

2) Single carrier

LTE values according to Nokia and Nokia Siemens Network simulations for NGMN performance evaluation report V1.3 (macro cell, full buffer, 500m ISD, pedestrian speed)

40 – 60 ms

• 4x4 MIMO• 64 QAM UL

• 2x2 MIMO• 16 QAM UL

25 – 35 ms

~25 ms

2)

DLUL

5,7 11,511,5

42

173

14,4

28

58

84

4x6,5

36

4x2,5

4x6,5

61

4x2

18

4x1,54x2

24

10 – 20 ms

Ave

rage

Cap

acity

1 )

RTT Round Trip Time


Round Trip Time (RTT: ms)

3GPP Rel. 6 3GPP Rel. 7 3GPP Rel. 8

HSDPA/HSUPA HSPA Evo (step1) HSPA Evo (step2)

• High speed DL/UL

• 16 QAM• HARQ• 10/2 ms TTI

• Direct Tunnel• 64 QAM (exor)• MIMO• Flat architecture• Handover support• Higher # of RNC IDs

• 64 QAM+MIMO• OFDM based • SC-FDMA in UL• Dynamic LA• Flat architecture• IP backhauling

LTE/SAE2x2 MIMO

UL:16 QAM

Performance: Overview of 3GPP Evolution

I-HSPA (Nokia Siemens Networks system concept)

1) Uncoded (CR=1) gross bit rate at air I/F 3) single carrier2) HSPA capacity values normalized to 4 carriers (2 * 20MHz in total), LTE capacity

according to Nokia and Nokia Siemens Network simulations for NGMN performance evaluation report V1.3 (macro cell, full buffer, 500m ISD, pedestrian speed)

Average capacity (Mbps/cell) 2)

DL: 4 * 2.5 UL: 4 * 1.5

40-60

DL: 36UL: 18

10-20

DL: 4 * 6.5 UL: 4 * 2

25-3525

DL: 4 * 6.5 UL: 4 * 2

25-3525

DL: 61UL: 24

10-20

3GPP Rel. 9LTE/SAE

4x4 MIMO (Rel8)UL:16 QAM (Rel8)

• SON enhancements• Emergency Call• Positioning support• Home eNB (Femto)• MBMS (tbd)

Peak data rates (Mbps) 1)

DL: 14.4UL: 5.7

DL: 173 UL: 58 DL: 42

UL: 11.5 DL: 28 UL: 11.5

DL: 326 UL: 84 3)


VoIP capacity *

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

HSPA R6 LTE FDD

Cal

ls/M

Hz/

Cel

l

DownlinkUplink

* LTE values according to Nokia and Nokia Siemens Network simulations for NGMN performance evaluation report V1.3 (macro cell, full buffer, 500m ISD, pedestrian speed)

** Server near RAN

Comparison of Throughput and LatencyLTE shows excellent performance

Latency (Rountrip delay) **

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

LTE

HSPAevo(Rel 8)

HSPA Rel6

GSM/EDGE

ms

DSL (~20 - 50 ms, depending on operator)

Latency (Rountrip delay) **

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

LTE

HSPAevo(Rel 8)

HSPA Rel6

GSM/EDGE

ms

DSL (~20 - 50 ms, depending on operator)

Average cell throughput (macro cell, 2*20MHz or equivalent) *

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

HSPA R6 HSPAevo Rel8

LTE (2x2/1x2 MIMO)

LTE (4x4/1x4 MIMO)

Mbp

s/ce

ll

DownlinkUplink

4 carriers,each 2x5MHz

1 carrier,2x20MHz

1 carrier,2x20MHz

4 carriers,each 2x5MHz

Max. peak data rate *

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

HSPA R6 HSPAevo(2x2 MIMO/64QAM)

LTE (2x2 MIMO/16QAM)

LTE(4x4 MIMO/64QAM)

Mbp

s

2x5MHz2x5MHz

2x20MHz

2x20MHzDownlink(uncoded)

Uplink(uncoded)

Downlink(coded)

Uplink(coded)

Max. peak data rate *

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

HSPA R6 HSPAevo(2x2 MIMO/64QAM)

LTE (2x2 MIMO/16QAM)

LTE(4x4 MIMO/64QAM)

Mbp

s

2x5MHz2x5MHz

2x20MHz

2x20MHzDownlink(uncoded)

Uplink(uncoded)

Downlink(coded)

Uplink(coded)

Downlink(uncoded)

Uplink(uncoded)

Downlink(coded)

Uplink(coded)


LTE UE Categories• All categories support 20 MHz, 64QAM downlink and receive antenna

diversity• Categories 2-4 expected in the first phase with bit rates up to 150 Mbps

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps 100/50 Mbps 150/50 Mbps 300/75 MbpsPeak rate DL/UL

20 MHzRF bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

64QAMModulation DL 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

16QAMModulation UL 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM

YesRx diversity Yes YesYes Yes

OptionalMIMO DL 2x2 4x42x2 2x2


Spectral Efficiency Relative to 10 MHz

0 %

20 %

40 %

60 %

80 %

100 %

120 %

1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz

DownlinkUplink

LTE also efficient with small bandwidth

-40% -13% Reference

• LTE maintains high efficiency with bandwidth down to 3.0 MHz, e.g. for low frequency band refarming scenarios

• The differences between bandwidths come from frequency scheduling gain and different overheads

Spectrum Considerations


Broadband Upgrade Paths - Option 1: HSPA 2100 & 900 MHz, LTE 1800 & 2600 MHz

Flexi BTS allows for maximum flexibility in broadband upgrade path since choice of WCDMA/I-HSPA/LTE is defined by software download

• Early deployment of 4.2 MHz WCDMA with (I-)HSPA at 900 MHz for coverage to indoor and remote

• Early rollout of LTE in 2600 MHz

• Flexible phased re-farming of GSM 1800 MHz and UMTS 2100 MHz according to capacity needs, terminal penetration etc.

• Some GSM 900 and UMTS 2100 persists for legacy and incoming roaming

2.6 GHz

900 MHz

UMTS

GSM

GSM

WCDMA/(I-)HSPA

1800 MHz

2.1 GHz

WCDMA/(I-)HSPA

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE


Broadband Upgrade Paths - Option 2: HSPA 2100 MHz, LTE 2600 & 1800 & 900 MHz

Flexi BTS allows for maximum flexibility in broadband upgrade path since choice of WCDMA/I-HSPA/LTE is defined by software download

• Early rollout of LTE in 2600MHz (new frequency band) for capacity

• Flexible phased re-farming of 900MHz for coverage in small steps 1.4/3/5 MHz and 1800MHz as well as 2100MHz over time

• Some GSM 900 and UMTS 2100 persists for legacy and incoming roaming

2.6 GHz

900 MHz

UMTS

GSM

GSM

WCDMA/(I-)HSPA

1800 MHz

2.1 GHz

LTE

LTE

LTE

LTE


LTE Frequency Variants in 3GPP*Total [MHz]

Extended AWS

824-849

1710-17851850-19101920-1980

2500-2570

1710-1755

880-9151749.9-1784.9

830-840

Uplink [MHz]

869-894

1805-18801930-19902110-2170

2620-2690

2110-2155

925-9601844.9-1879.9

875-885

Downlink [MHz]

1710-1770 2110-21701427.9-1452.9 1475.9-1500.9

1800

2600900

US AWS

UMTS core – 2100 (DoCoMo)US PCS

US 850Japan 800* not used,

new bands (18,19) in Rel.9

Japan 1700

Japan 1500

704-716 734-746777-787 746-756 US upper 700 MHz (Verizon)

US lower 700 MHz (AT&T)

1900-1920

1930-1990 1930-19901850-1910 1850-19102010-2025 2010-2025

1910-1930 1910-1930

1880-1920 1880-19202570-2620 2570-2620

2300-2400 2300-2400

2x25

2x752x602x60

2x70

2x45

2x352x35

2x10

2x602x25

2x102x10

1x20

1x601x601x15

1x20

1x401x50

1x100

12345

789

6*

1011

13...

17

33

3534

3637383940

1900-1920

FDD

FDDFDDFDD

FDD

FDD

FDDFDD

FDD

FDDFDD

FDDFDDFDD

TDD

TDDTDDTDD

TDD

TDDTDD

TDD

E-UTRA Band

UMTS Core TDD

2600 TDD

China LTE TDD

UMTS Core TDD

China UMTS TDD

US (TDD alternative to FDD)US (TDD alternative to FDD)US

832-862 791-8212x30(20) FDD EU 800 MHz Digital Dividend

* TS 36.101

Products & Solutions Highlights


smallest macro BTS in this class(50 liter, <50 kg for 3 sectors BTS)Lowest energy consumption(440W for 3 sector BTS) High output power and high performance (3x60 Watt, 3x120 W with 2x2 MIMO, 20 MHz)Flexible in deployment (fits for every site solution)No additional footprint, low installation costs (no lifting equipment)HW commercially available since Q3/2008Upgradable to LTE by SW only (no additional HW boards required

High performance ATCA industry HW platformBased on field proven and highly reliable SGSN SW (99.999 % availability)Combined MME /SGSN

Nokia Siemens Networks’ LTE solution (1)

Flexi MultimodeBTS

MobilityManage-mentEntity(MME)

Traditional macro BTS

Flexi Multimode BTS

335W

2007 Flexi WCDMA BTS2009 Flexi Multiradio BTS2011 target for new release

440WFlexiMultiradio

510 WFlexi

WCDMA

~1.5…2 kW

1st

Gen.3G

BTSs

Based on typical base station site configuration & typical traffic load1+1+1 @ 20W, 50% load


Nokia Siemens Networks’ LTE solution (2)SAE Gateway

NetAct as Managementsystem

Nokia Siemens Networks flat network architecture experience

High performance ATCA HW platformHigh throughput (up 480 Gbps)Including GGSN functionalitySophisticated traffic managementPolicy control functions

Investment ProtectionLowest OPEX and CAPEXLowest cost per Megabyte

One management system for all technologies and NE (Radio, Core, GSM, WCDMA, LTE,…)Support of Multivendor IntegrationAll O&M applications for element, network, service management Self Organizing Network (SON)

NetActDomain Manager

Network Management

Itf.-N

NetAct

X2 X2

SON SON

SON

SON

SON

Optimizer

DMother

Vendor

NetActDomain Manager

Network Management

Itf.-N

NetAct

X2X2 X2X2

SON SON

SON

SON

SON

Optimizer

DMother

Vendor

Our SGSN is the first one to support direct tunnelI-HSPA supports similar flat

network architecture as LTE

Nokia Siemens Networks’unique LTE solution guarantees

I-HSPA BTS

I-HSPA BTS

SGSN

GGSN

I-HSPA BTS

I-HSPA BTS

SGSN

GGSN

3G 3.5G iHSPA LTE

Cost per Mbyte

3G 3.5G iHSPA LTE

Cost per Mbyte

NetAct

02a - LTE Overview

Documents

Transcript of 02a - LTE Overview