01RM BasicLyceum Contents:01RM BasicLyceum Contentsrezmer.pl/pdf/matura_repetytorium_podst.pdf ·...

01RM BasicLyceum Contents:01RM BasicLyceum Contents 11-02-06 16:28

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Module 1 People ....................................................................................................................... p. 4

Module 2 Houses & Homes ...................................................................................................... p. 18

Culture I ................................................................................................................................... p. 32

Module 3 School ....................................................................................................................... p. 34

Module 4 Work ......................................................................................................................... p. 48

Module 5 Family & Social Life .................................................................................................. p. 62

Culture II ................................................................................................................................... p. 76

Module 6 Food .......................................................................................................................... p. 78

Module 7 Shops & Services ...................................................................................................... p. 92

Module 8 Travelling & Tourism ................................................................................................. p. 106

Culture III ................................................................................................................................... p. 120

Module 9 Culture ...................................................................................................................... p. 122

Module 10 Sports ....................................................................................................................... p. 136

Module 11 Health ....................................................................................................................... p. 150

Culture IV ................................................................................................................................... p. 164

Module 12 Science & Technology ............................................................................................... p. 166

Module 13 Natural World ........................................................................................................... p. 180

Module 14 State & Society ......................................................................................................... p. 194

Culture V ................................................................................................................................... p. 208

Grammar Section

Speaking Bank

Writing Bank

CONTENTS

01RM BasicLyceum Contents:01RM BasicLyceum Contents 11-02-06 16:28

MODULE People1

I am in my early teens. I’m tall and slim. I’ve got straight, dark hair and green

eyes. I’ve got glasses and my friends say I’m quite elegant.

Mark is ... . He’s got ... . /Jennifer is ... . She’s got ... .

1) ................................................2) ................................................

FIRST NAME SURNAME

3) Male Female 4) ................................................

GENDER DATE OF BIRTH

5) ................................................ 6) ................................................

NATIONALITY ADDRESS

7) ................................................ 8) ................................................

TELEPHONE NUMBER EMAIL

9) Married Single 10) ................................................

MARITAL STATUS OCCUPATION

11) ..................................................................................................................

PERSONAL INTERESTS

Age Height Build Hair EyesSpecial

FeaturesGeneral

mid-thirties short well-built fair green glasses ugly

1 Ask your partner questions and fill in the form below withinformation about him/her.

Personal identificationVocabulary

b) Now choose a classmate anddescribe him/her to your class.

Jane is tall and thin. He’s got dark hair and

brown eyes. He’s wearing blue jeans, a white

shirt and a red jacket.

Personal Details

4 a) Match the words in the list tothe clothes and accessories in thepictures.

Clothes

hatjeanssunglassesskirtshirttiebeltsuit

shoesdressjacketscarfcoatglovesjumper15

141312

109

11

87654321

AB

C

DE F

G

HI J

K

M

L

N

O

3 Listen to a person reportinga burglary to the police.

Which of the people in the pictures matches the description?

JamesJack

Jasper

John

4

2 Write the words under the correct headings in yournotebooks. Then write sentences describing yourself andyour classmates.

ñ short ñ glasses ñ fair ñ mid-thirties ñ well-built ñ uglyñ green ñ dark ñ expressive ñ late/early teens ñ freckles ñ fat ñ of medium height ñ curly ñ slim ñ blue ñ wrinkles ñ tallñ good-looking ñ bald ñ middle-aged ñ teenager ñ plumpñ shoulder-length ñ completely white ñ handsome ñ elegant ñ skinny ñ beard ñ straight ñ moustache ñ of medium build

Appearance

02RM BasicLyceum Mod 1:02RM BasicLyceum Mod 1 11-02-06 16:52

This man is wearing formal clothes. He’s wearinga black, 1) ................................ suit, a blue,2) .............................. shirt and a red and white3) ......................... tie.

ñ Collocations

5 a) Look at the pictures. Fill in: denim, cotton, woollen, tailored,dark, thick, patterned.

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6 a) Match the adjectives in A with their opposites in B.

Personality

7 a) Put the adjectives in the rightcolumn.

ñ easygoing ñ bad-temperedñ enthusiastic ñ caring ñ spoiltñ friendly ñ loving ñ energeticñ popular ñ selfish ñ helpfulñ calm ñ indifferent ñ creativeñ bossy ñ outgoing ñ ambitiousñ responsible ñ cheerful ñ chattyñ immature ñ reserved

impatient

gentle

dishonest

mean

optimistic

talkative hard-working

rude

disorganised

modestorganised

aggressivelazy

polite

patient

quiet pessimistic

honest

generous

arrogant Positive Negative

easygoing bad-tempered

b) In pairs describe members ofyour family using adjectives fromExs. 6a and 7a and the followingwords: and, but, however, not only ...but also, nevertheless.

A: My mum is honest and loving but she

can be a bit pessimistic at times.

B: My elder brother is not only spoilt but

he’s also bossy. However, he is caring

when he sees me sad.

b) Now choose words from Ex. 6a to fill in the gaps.

1 ................................ people always see the bright side of things.2 ........................................ people think they are more important

or more talented than others.3 ........................................ people always tell the truth.4 ........................................ people like to chat a lot.5 ........................................ people always want to start fights.6 ........................................ people have very good manners.7 ........................................ people don’t mind waiting for things.8 ........................................ people can’t keep things in order.9 ........................................ people don’t like to work.

10 .................... people don’t like talking about their achievements.

c) Fill in the gaps with and, but,nevertheless, not only ... but also,however.

1 Terry is ..........................................hard-working, ...............................well-organised.

2 Emma is patient with her friends................................, she can getimpatient with her little brother.

3 He is a talkative boy, ......................he can be quiet at times.

4 Sam is usually polite to otherpeople. He was, ............................,rude to me yesterday.

5 Sue is both honest .........................generous.

6 He is ......................... a gentle boy,........................ a very modest one.

b) Find a picture from a magazine and describe theperson’s/people’s clothes.

This couple are wearing casual sportswear.They are both wearing 4) ............... jeans.The man is wearing a bright-coloured,5) ...................... jumper while the womanis wearing a blue one. They’ve both got6) ....................... sunglasses to protecttheir eyes and 7) ...................... gloves ontheir hands.

A B

See Vocabulary Bank on p. 16


3 Read Silvio’s website profilewhich matches heading A. Lookat the underlined words. They aresynonymous phrases to the keywords in heading A.

4 a) Now do the reading task. Underlinewords/phrases synonymous/similar to the words youunderlined in the headings in Ex. 2. Check your answers withyour partner.

b) Explain the words in bold.

CathyI’m a 16-year-old from New York and I’m new in London.I’d love to chat with other Americans to shareexperiences and tips for good places to eat here. Hasanyone found anywhere that serves a good American-style steak?!

1

Silvio I’m an energetic Italian looking for adventure inEngland. I’m 18 and I’ll be spending my gap year in theUK. I love the outdoors, so if you’re a cyclist, a mountain climber or a hiker, please get in touch.

5

Maria I’m a 17-year-old from Barcelona who is looking forwork in London. Does anyone know of an officelooking for a Spanish-speaking secretary? I would alsoconsider waitress jobs, if anyone can help.

6

George I’m a 19-year-old Dutchman looking for a flat to sharein London. I live quietly and enjoy the small things in life– home-cooked food, a good book and walks in thepark. I’ll be in London from September. Please drop mea line if you have a room.

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Anastasia I’m 18 and I’ve been studying in London since my familymoved here from Moscow three years ago. I’m planningto set up a friendship group for young Russian expats andI wondered if there were any on this site.

8

A READY FOR ACTIONB INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIPS WANTED

C BUSINESS CONTACTS NEEDED

D SIMPLE PLEASURESE BRINGING PEOPLE TOGETHER

F HUNGRY FOR BRITISH CULTURE

G LOOKING FOR A TASTE OF HOME H LONELY IN THE BIG CITY

I LOGGING ON TO LEARN

Michael I’m a 19-year-old Brit who’s interested in talking to peoplefrom other countries to broaden my social circle. I enjoynights out at the theatre and the cinema.

2

Abdul I’m 18, I’m from Turkey and I came to Britain to studyEnglish. Is there anyone else out there who can help mepractise my written English? I find Web chats are a greatway to improve.

3

AbbeyI’m a Scottish 17-year-old who has relocated toLondon for work. I haven’t made any friends here yet,so I’d love to chat with some Londoners and maybe dosome socialising because I have nobody to go out with.

4

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2 Underline the key words/phrases in theheadings. In pairs, think of synonymous orrelated words/phrases.

Heading A: action: energetic, active, on the go etc

Study Skills

1 Read the rubric. What is the text about?

Przeczytaj polecenie, aby zapoznać się z zadaniem. Następnie przeczytajnagłówki i podkreśl w nich słowa kluczowe, a potem przeczytaj tekstpobieżnie, aby poznać jego ogólną myśl. Na koniec przeczytaj uważniekażdy akapit i podkreśl w nim synonimy słów kluczowych. Pamiętaj, żejeden akapit nie pasuje do żadnego nagłówka.

DobieranieCzytanie

Przeczytaj tekst składający się z krótkich profilów internetowych. Do każdejczęści tekstu (1–8) dopasuj zdanie, podsumowującejej treść (A–I). Jedno zdanie zostało podanedodatkowo i nie odnosi się do żadnej części tekstu.


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1 That’s all my news. Write back.2 How are you doing?3 I’d better go and do some work!4 Hi! How are you?5 Sorry I didn’t write earlier but I ...

6 Have to go now. Mumwants me to help herwith the cooking.

7 Hi from London.8 Got to go now.

5 Read the rubric and think of the person you are going towrite about. Brainstorm for ideas. List them under headings.

Appearance: thin, tall, in his early twenties ...

Character: easygoing, energetic, patient ...

Dear ...............,(Para 1) opening remarks, where you are & for how long(Para 2) what you’re doing there & where you are staying(Para 3) the person’s appearance & character, how the person has helped,

feelings towards the person(Para 4) closing remarksYours,

2 Read the email and match theparagraphs to the headings.

A the person’s appearance &character

B opening remarks/reason for writingC closing remarksD feelings towards the person

Study Skills: Brainstorming

Zanim zaczniesz pisać, stwórz szkic informacji, które chcesz zawrzećw swojej wypowiedzi. To pomoże Ci zrealizować zadanie.

Dear Jean,Hi from Poland! How’s life with you? Good, I hope. I wanted to

drop you a line to tell you about a friend I’ve made in my newtown.

I met Petra at the school running club. She’s in her early 20s andis very fit and athletic-looking – tall and slim, with a nice tan. Petra’s a great person too. She’s very energetic and she’s always on the go. She’schatty and has a great sense of humour. She always cheers me up when I feel down.

Petra is very special and we get on so well. She makes me feel like I’ve knownher for a long time. It’s a pleasure to be with her and I’m sure we’ll always be friends.

Got to go now. I’m going out with Petra. Email me with all your news soon!Take care,Helena

1

2

3

4

3 Find examples of informal style inthe email.

6 Use your ideas to write your email. Follow the plan.

4 Mark the sentences O (opening remarks), C (closing remarks).

1 Read the rubric and answer thequestions.

1 What are you going to write?2 Who is going to read it?3 Which of the following should your

email include:a the person’s appearance?b the person’s family details?c how you met?d where the person lives?e what the person is like, with an

example?f what languages the person

speaks?g reason you like this person?h how your pen-friend can meet

this person?

List prywatnyPisanie

Przeprowadziłeś/łaśsię do nowego miasta i zawarłeś/łaś nowe przyjaźnie. W liście dokolegi/koleżanki z Irlandii(120–150 słów) napisz:ñ jak nazywa się Twój nowy

przyjaciel/Twoja nowaprzyjaciółka i gdzie siępoznaliście.

ñ ile ma lat i jak wygląda.ñ jaką jest osobą i podaj

przykład.ñ dlaczego ta osoba jest dla

Ciebie kimś wyjątkowym i jakie budzi w Tobieodczucia.

Przebywasz na wymianie studenckiej w USA.Mieszkasz na kampusie i dzielisz pokój

z Polką/Polakiem. W liście do kolegi/koleżanki ze Szkocji(120–150 słów) napisz:ñ gdzie przebywasz i jak długo potrwa Twój pobyt.ñ co studiujesz i gdzie mieszkasz.ñ jak wygląda Twój współlokator/Twoja współlokatorka

i jaką jest osobą.ñ dlaczego on/ona jest dla Ciebie kimś wyjątkowym

i jakie budzi w Tobie odczucia.


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b) Write your own message tofind an e-pal. Describe yourselfand your personality.

4 Tell your partner about your bestfriend. Mention positive andnegative personality traits. Justifyyour opinion.

A: My friend Jessica is really polite. She never

interrupts me when I’m talking. She’s also

really punctual as she is always on time.

Nevertheless, she can be a bit indecisive

as it takes her hours to make up her mind.

b) Think of people you know and describe their personality.Justify your opinion with an example.

My brother is adventurous. He loves extreme sports and isn’t scared of taking risks.

2 a) Match the adjectives to the people they describe.

Personality

15) ................

13) ................

17) ................

19) ................

14) ................

16) ................

22) ................

20) ................

18) ................

2) ................

4) ................

6) ................

7) ................

11) ................

12) ................

9) ................

3) ................

5) ................

8) ................

10) ................

1) head

21) ................

Hi! I’m Artur! I’m looking for an e-pal

from England, so I can improve my

English. I’m 17 years old and I’m from

Warsaw, Poland. People say I’ve got

a great sense of 1) .................................

. I always make my friends laugh. To be

honest, I love being the centre of

2) .............................. .

Artur, 17, Warsaw.

Hey! This is Monica from Italy! Is anyone

interested in becoming my e-pal? I’ve got

a strong 5) ...................................... , though

I can suffer from a lack of 6) ..........................

at times. I’m a good listener – I have

a fantastic attention 7) ................................ ,

which means I can listen to people all day.

I’m definitely a reliable friend and most of

the time I’m good fun, too.

Monica, 16, Milan.

Hello! I’m Peter from Belgium! I’d likean English e-pal. I’m a really sportyperson and I’m a fitness 3) ................. . I admire people who share my energyand 4) ................................. . I’m notreally interested in reading books orwatching films. – It’s only sports for me!Peter, 16, Brussels.

ñ Useful phrases

3 a) Read the messages posted onan international e-pal agency’swebsite. Fill in: span, attention,humour, fanatic, personality, vitality,confidence.

1 Label the body parts: head, cheek, leg, nose, arm, knee, teeth,waist, shoulder, chest, stomach, ear, hand, finger, chin, foot, elbow,neck, forehead, eyebrow, eye, lip.

Parts of the bodyVocabulary

a someone who likes playing sportsb someone who can’t make up their

mind easilyc someone who doesn’t like changes or

new ideasd someone who is always on timee someone who works a lotf someone who loves taking risks and

having new experiences g someone who is friendly and enjoys

making new friends h someone who feels sure about their

abilities.

adventurousconservativehard-working punctualsportysociable self-confident indecisive

12345678


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b) Have you ever felt like the people in Ex. 5a?When? Tell the class.

I was very nervous the night before my maths exam and I

didn’t sleep well at all.

5 a) How do the people feel? Read the sentencesand match them to the adjectives below.

Feelings

6 Choose the correct adjectives in each pair ofsentences.

1 a I couldn’t sleep last night, I was really horrified/horrifying by that film.

b The night of the car crash was the mosthorrifying/horrified experience of my life.

2 a I went completely red; I have never been quiteso embarrassed/embarrassing in all my life.

b I tripped and fell straight in the swimmingpool. How embarrassing/embarrassed!

3 a Going bungee jumping was the most scared/scary experience in my life.

b Linda feels so scared/scary when she’s at homealone late at night.

4 a It was pretty disappointing/disappointed tofail my exam again.

b My parents were not angry with me, but theywere disappointed/disappointing by mybehaviour.

ñ Prepositions

7 Circle the correct preposition.

1 A good teacher has to be in control of / fromtheir class at all times.

2 I used to be jealous of / about my brother forbeing so good at sports.

3 The children are really excited with / about goingto the zoo.

4 I felt really sorry of / for Jane when she injuredher knee.

5 Ned is interested in / at nature and loves wildlifedocumentaries.

6 James couldn’t sleep as he was nervous with /about the test.

7 I am keen on / off meeting Sophie again soon.8 Ellen is mad about / of romantic comedies.9 I like comfortable clothes – I don’t care of /

about designer labels.10 You shouldn’t take advantage of / with her

generosity.

8 a) Read the following post from a studentforum and fill in: relieved, delighted, kind, stressful,satisfactory, proud, angry, worried.

Hi everyone! I finally sat my maths exam today. The

last two weeks of studying were really 1) ...........................

for me. I’m just 2) .................................. that it’s over now.

I hope that all my hard work pays off and that my

grade will be 3) ....................................... .

Lynn, London.

Student Forum

Exams Discussion Board

Lynn! You should be 4) ................................. of yourself. No

matter what grade you get, you’ve done your best.

That’s all anyone can ask for! Anyway, you shouldn’t betoo 5) ............................... about the grades. You’ve got theright attitude.

Dariusz, Poznan.

Thanks, Dariusz! It’s so 6) ........................................ of youto say that. To be honest, I’d be 7) ...................................with any pass mark for this exam. Maths isn’t my

strongest subject, so I don’t expect to get As easily.

However, I’ ll get 8) ..................................... with myself if

I fail after all that studying.

Lynn, London.

Log in/Register

Present participles describe what sth is like.e.g. a terrifying film

Past participles describe how sb feels.e.g. a terrified woman

See Vocabulary Bank on p. 16

b) Post your comment on the forum.

I couldn’t believe it when hewon the best actor award.I feel terrible for being sorude to Linda earlier.I’m sure we’re going to win thegame tomorrow.I really miss my family back inAustralia.I won’t give up on passing my driving test.I can’t wait for John’s birthday party next week.My sister’s always borrowing my things – it’sso annoying!I can’t relax as I’ve got a big exam tomorrow.

1

2

3

4

56

7

8

a angryb guiltyc homesickd excitede surprisedf nervousg determinedh confident


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3 Read the questions. Whatvocabulary areas/grammar structures do youneed to answer them?

Question 1 – vocabulary describing character – superlatives

1 What are your best and worst qualities?2 Who do you admire and why?3 What makes a good friend?4 How would you describe your appearance? Is

there anything you would like to change? If yes,what is it and why?

4 Think of vocabulary related to each questionand write it down. Compare with your partner.

Question 1

Good character qualities: helpful, patient, easygoing, kind, etc

Bad character qualities: arrogant, selfish, lazy, indifferent, etc

b) Now do the task. Compare answers withyour partner.

5 Listen to two people answering question 1.Who uses:

2 a) Read the rubric and the sentences.Underline the key words. How can yourephrase them?

6 Answer questions 1-4 in Ex. 3.

A He always sees the bright sideof things.

B What makes him special is hissense of humour.

C I really enjoy his company.D He treats everyone with respect.E He’s always ready to help

someone in trouble.F He can keep his temper even in

the most difficult situations.

b) Do the task.

Speaker 1Speaker 2Speaker 3Speaker 4Speaker 5

Study SkillsPrzeczytaj polecenie, a następnie zdania A–F, i podkreślw nich słowa kluczowe. Zastanów się nad synonimamipodkreślonych słów. To ułatwi Ci rozwiązanie zadania.

Study SkillsUpewnij się, że rozumiesz, do czego odnosi się pytanie.Pomyśl, jakie słowa kojarzą Ci się z tematem pytania i jakich struktur gramatycznych należy użyć, aby na nieodpowiedzieć. Staraj się, aby Twoja odpowiedź brzmiałanaturalnie i dotyczyła tematu pytania.

Study SkillsZawsze czytaj uważnie polecenie i podkreślaj w treścizadania słowa kluczowe. Na ich podstawie możeszprzewidzieć, czego będzie dotyczyć nagranie.

1 a) Read the rubric and the statements andunderline the key words. Answer the questions.

1 How many people are you going to listen to?2 What is their conversation about?

1 Max says he isn’t interested infashion.

2 Only one of the people wearsglasses.

3 Julia has lost weight since shewas a schoolgirl.

4 Max goes to the gym threetimes a week.

5 Julia is going to Max’s house forlunch next Sunday.

True False

1 correct pronunciation?2 vocabulary related to the topic?3 appropriate intonation?4 grammatically correct sentences?

Peter Stella

Usłyszysz dwukrotnie rozmowę międzykobietą i mężczyzną, która odbywa się

podczas zjazdu szkolnego. Na podstawie usłyszanychinformacji zdecyduj, które zdania są zgodne z jegotreścią (True), a które – nie (False). Wstaw znak X w odpowiedniej rubryce w tabeli.

Prawda/fałszSłuchanie

DobieranieSłuchanie

Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi pięciuosób na temat ludzi, których najbardziej podziwiają.Przyporządkuj im zdania, które najlepiej podsumowująich wypowiedzi, wpisując odpowiednie litery (A–F) w kratki (1–5). Jedno zdanie podane zostałododatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.

Rozmowa wstępnaMówienie


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1 Read the rubric. Who are you writing to? What is the purposeof your message?

Nie możesz odebrać brata z dworca. Napiszwiadomość do przyjaciela/przyjaciółki z Oksfordu.ñ Wyjaśnij sytuację.ñ Poproś go/ją o odebranie brata.ñ Poinformuj, o której godzinie przyjeżdża pociąg.ñ Poproś o kontakt w razie problemów.

2 Read the model answer below and find examples of:

ñ informal greetings/endings ñ omitted personal pronounsñ omitted articles ñ omitted auxiliaries ñ imperativesñ participles ñ informal linkers ñ abbreviations

3 Read sentences 1-8 and make them shorter.

1 Can you meet me at 10:00 am? Meet me at 10 am.

2 I will see you soon. 3 John is not here; he has gone to the cinema. 4 I am coming to the party. However, I’ll be arriving late.5 We haven’t got any eggs. Can you please buy some? 6 Will somebody please walk the dog? 7 Could you pick up the children from school on your way back

home?8 Can you help Jack with his homework?9 Will you wash the dishes, in addition to taking out the rubbish?

10 Why don’t you call Ryan back on his mobile?11 Could you please wake Sandy up at 8:00 am? The alarm clock is

broken.12 I have been working all day; therefore I am very tired.

John,Got phone call from work. Going to the office as sb inoffice went home sick. Must finish project beforedeadline. Won’t be home until 7. Dan’s arriving todayfrom Gatwick. Please pick him up from Victoria Station.Train arrives 5:30. Call me if you have problems.Thanks!Jenny

4 Read the messages below andmake them shorter.

Dear Claudia,I’m having a fancy dress party for mybirthday. I hope you can come. You mustwear a costume! The theme is the 1980s;therefore please wear something from thatera. Could you bring some CDs as well?The party will be next Saturday at my flat at9:00 pm. Can you please call me toconfirm? I will talk to you soon!Joan

Dear Kevin,

The dog groomer is coming at around

3:00 pm. I won’t be home until 4:00 pm.

Could you please let her into the garden?

The groomer is named Leslie Harris; she’s

a tall woman who has got long fair hair.

Could you please ask her to cut Max’s

hair as well as clip his nails? Can you

please pay her £40? I have put the

money in the blue jar on the bookshelf.

I will see you later.

Chloe

5 Read the rubric. Then write yourmessage. Make sure it is shortand accurate.

Wiadomość(Writing Bank: wiadomość)

Pisanie

Przyjeżdża do Ciebie w odwiedziny kuzyn,

ale nie możesz go odebrać z lotniska. Napisz wiadomość doprzyjaciela/przyjaciółki z Londynu.ñ Wyjaśnij, dlaczego nie możesz

pojechać na lotnisko.ñ Poproś go/ją o podwiezienie

kuzyna do domu.ñ Opisz pokrótce wygląd kuzyna.ñ Poproś o kontakt telefoniczny

w razie problemów.


1

Study SkillsPrzeczytaj polecenie, a następnie treśćzadania, i podkreśl w nim słowa kluczowe,które pomogą Ci przewidzieć, czegobędzie dotyczyć nagranie. Pamiętaj, żewszystkie opcje A–C zawarte w zadaniupojawiają się w nagraniu, ale tylko jedna z nich jest prawdziwa.

12

1 a) Read the rubric, thestatements and the options.Underline the key words in thestatements and options. What isthe script about?

1 James is happy because A he’s never been to London before. B his biggest fans are British.C London is his favourite city.

2 James’s new CDA was recorded in various countries. B is a mixture of musical styles. C has songs in different languages.

3 When James is on stage, he feels A nervous. B excited.C relaxed.

4 When James damaged his voice, heA knew it would get better. B couldn’t understand how it had

happened.C was scared his career was over.

5 The bad point about his lifestyle isthat he A gets homesick for Italy.B is constantly tired.C feels sorry he’s away from his

family.

b) Now read the first statement and the three options thenread the extract from the tapescript. Which is the correctanswer? Why aren’t the other two correct?

2 Look at thephotograph andmake notes underthe headings inthe Study Skillsbox.

place: college, university

time of year: spring or

summer

weather: sunny, etc

c) Do the listening task. Compare your answers with yourpartner.

RH: Good afternoon, Listeners. Today we have Italian opera singer JamesCariaggio in the studio. Welcome to London, James.

J: Thank you. It’s wonderful to be here. RH: James, this isn’t your first time in London, is it? If my memory’s

correct, you’ve performed here before.J: Yes. Five years ago, I gave the first big concert of my career in London.

I remember being extremely nervous! I also remember falling in lovewith London on that trip so I’m thrilled to be back. For me, there’s nocity in the world like London. I’m the biggest fan of all things British.

Study SkillsOpisując zdjęcie, rób to tak, jakbyś opisywał je komuś, kto nie możego zobaczyć. Użyj jak najwięcej szczegółów. Opisz miejsce, poręroku, pogodę, ludzi i ich czynności, ich ubrania i nastrój, a także inneelementy zdjęcia.

The photograph shows two 1) .................... outside a 2) ................... .

It’s a sunny spring day. I think they are reading a text message or

looking at a photograph on one girl’s mobile phone. The teenager

on the left has got shoulder-length dark 3) .................. hair. She’s

wearing a long-sleeved striped 4) ................. and she’s holding

some 5) ................... . The other girl has got long straight

6) .................... hair. She’s wearing a white 7) .................... and a pair

of white 8) .................. . She’s holding her 9) ................ and a book.

There’s a black 10) ..................... on her shoulder. They both look

very happy.

3 Look at the photograph and complete thedescription.

Listen and check.

Wybór wielokrotnySłuchanie

Usłyszysz wywiad z piosenkarzem. Z podanychmożliwości odpowiedzi wybierzwłaściwą, zgodną z treściątekstu. Zakreśl literę A, B lub C.

Opis ilustracjiMówienie


1

13

4 Which of these adjectivesbest describe Laurie, Jo &Amy: unhappy, helpful, calm,caring, selfish (only thinkingabout yourself), tired, afraid.Find evidence in the text.

5 Imagine you are Laurie,and write your diary entryfor the day of the incidentin the extract. Write: whereyou were, who with, what you

were doing, what happened,how you felt. Read yourentry to the class.

3 Read the rubric and do therest of the reading task.Justify your answers. Explainthe words in bold.

1 Describe the people in thepicture.

2 Look at question 1 and theunderlined words in thetext. Which is the correctanswer?

Study Skills

Przeczytaj polecenie i tekst,koncentrując się na jego ogólnymznaczeniu. Przeczytaj zdania i opcjeA–D, a następnie podkreśl w nichsłowa kluczowe. Znajdź w tekściezdania, które odnoszą się dotreści zadania, pamiętając o tym,że to samo znaczenie możnawyrazić na wiele sposobów.

As Laurie turned the corner, he shouted back.“Keep near the shore. It’s not safe in themiddle.” Jo heard, but Amy was struggling toher feet and didn’t hear a word. Jo looked overher shoulder and a voice in her head said …“Whether she heard or not, she can take careof herself.”Laurie skated round the corner, and Jo was justabout to follow him. Amy was far behind andgoing towards the smoother ice in the middleof the river. For a minute Jo stood still with a strange feeling in herheart. She decided to go on, but something stopped her and turnedher round. She was just in time to see Amy throw up her hands andgo down, with a sudden crash of ice. There was a splash of water,and a cry that made Jo’s heart stand still with fear. She tried to callLaurie, but she had no voice. She tried to go forward, but she felt shehad no strength in her feet. For a second, she stood still and wasstaring with a scared face at the little blue hood above the black water.Something went past her quickly, and Laurie’s voice cried out …“Bring a rail. Quick, quick!”She didn’t know how she did it, but for the next few minutes sheworked with Laurie, who was lying flat on the ice. He held Amy upwith his arm and a hockey stick until Jo got a rail from the fence. Laurieand Jo got the child out. Amy was frightened but not really hurt. “Now then, we must walk her home as fast as we can. Cover her withour things, while I take off my skates,” said Laurie. He put his coataround Amy as he was pulling hard at his laces.Amy was shivering, dripping wet, and crying, as they took her home.After such an exciting time, she fell asleep, covered in blankets infront of a hot fire.

1 After she heard Laurie’s advice, Jo decided A to repeat it to Amy. C Amy didn’t need help.B to turn back. D to take good care of Amy.2 When Laurie reached the corner, he was A at the front of the group. C at the back of the group. B in the middle of the group. D watching the group from the riverside.3 Jo reacted to Amy’s fall A slowly. C heartlessly.B quickly. D loudly.

4 Jo and Laurie freed Amy with the help of a A tree branch. C coat.B pair of laces. D piece of fence.5 Amy went home

A covered in a blanket. C on skates.B on foot. D carried by the others.

Wybór wielokrotnyCzytanie

Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych możliwościodpowiedzi wybierz właściwą,zgodną z treścią tekstu.Zakreśl literę A, B, C lub D.


14

1 Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych możliwościodpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu.Zakreśl literę A, B, C lub D.

1 Body language can show people’sA movements.B looks.C feelings.D understanding.

2 Dr Lacey thinks that body language isA of hardly any importance.B more important than speech.C an important way of communicating.D less important than speech.

3 Crossing your arms or legs suggests youA are angry.B are not easily annoyed.C feel uncomfortable.D are lying.

4 Looking someone straight in the eyesA should not be done everywhere.B will gain you people’s respect.C is only acceptable in Asia.D shows that you are highly cultured.

5 A sign that someone is lying is when theyA keep walking round the room.B don’t look at one thing for long.C keep looking at your face.D try to leave the room quickly.

6 Dr Lacey believes that body languageA shows how others feel.B is tricky.C helps us communicate better.D cannot be trusted.

Matura Exam

Body language is the way people reveal their thoughts and emotionssimply by moving their body in certain ways. More often than not, theydon’t even realise they are doing it. It could be the gestures a personmakes with their hands, the way they move their head or even how theyuse their eyes or mouth. In other words, people can give unspokensignals which communicate meaning just as much as words do.Psychologist Dr Kevin Lacey stresses the importance of bodylanguage. “In order to make a good impression, just saying the rightthing isn’t enough,” he says. “How we say it, and the body languagewe use, can be just as important.”So what does Dr Lacey suggest we do to improve the sort of message our bodylanguage is sending? “Firstly, when you sit opposite someone, don’t cross your arms orlegs,” he advises, “and if you are wearing a jacket, open it. Otherwise, your positionlooks ‘closed’ and people may easily think you have something to hide. An openposture, on the other hand, makes people think that you are being honest. If you wantto show you are interested in what someone is saying, you should lean forward withyour head slightly to one side. This suggests that you are paying attention to them.Making direct eye contact is usually a good idea too, although in some cultures, such asin some parts of Asia, it can be a sign of disrespect.” But it’s not just a question of giving out the right signals ourselves. It can also be very useful to understand someoneelse’s body language. If, for example, you want to know whether someone is telling the truth or not, there are a number of simple signs to look out for. “If someone’s eyes keep moving quickly around the room and they keep ontouching their face,” Dr Lacey explains, “there is a good chance the person is not being completely honest.” So the next time you meet someone new, why not follow Dr Lacey’s advice? Hopefully, body language will help youto trust and be trusted!

Wybór wielokrotnyCzytanie


15

Which speakerA thinks age plays a role in how

we choose to look?B wants to create a tidy

impression?C says their mood influences

their appearance?D admits they always follow

fashion? E sometimes starts their day

feeling unattractive? F says their appearance affects

their social life?

Speaker 1

Speaker 2

Speaker 3

Speaker 4

Speaker 5

2 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedzi pięciu osóbna temat wyglądu. Przyporządkuj im zdania,wpisując odpowiednie litery (A–F) w kratki. Jednozdanie podane zostało dodatkowo i nie pasuje dożadnej wypowiedzi.

5 Obiecałeś/łaś sąsiadowi, że zaopiekujesz się jegodzieckiem, ale nie możesz wywiązać się z obietnicy.Napisz wiadomość do współlokatorki z Anglii.ñ Wytłumacz, dlaczego nie możesz zająć się

dzieckiem.ñ Poproś współlokatorkę, żeby Cię zastąpiła.ñ Opisz pokrótce zainteresowania dziecka.ñ Poinformuj, że zastąpisz ją o godzinie 20.

Wiadomość/List prywatnyPisanie

6 Uczęszczasz na kurs języka angielskiego w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zredaguj list doprzyjaciela/przyjaciółki (120–150 słów).ñ Napisz, gdzie przebywasz i w jakim celu.ñ Opisz pokrótce uczestników kursu i miejsce

zakwaterowania.ñ Wspomnij o dwóch rzeczach, za którymi

najbardziej tęsknisz.ñ Podaj termin powrotu do kraju i zapytaj, kiedy

zamierza Cię odwiedzić.

3 Odpowiedz na pytania.

1 How important to you is it to follow fashion?2 Do you think your clothes reflect your character?3 What does your best friend look like?4 How would you describe their personality?5 What sort of things make you feel angry?

1 Do you hang out with friends?2 What kind of friends do you look for?3 What do you like most about your best friend?4 What behaviour of others hurts you most?5 What do you think are your good and bad

qualities?

1

4 Opisz zdjęcia. Następnie odpowiedz na pytania.

DobieranieSłuchanie

Rozmowa wstępnaOpis ilustracjiOdpowiedzi na pytania

Mówienie


Personal Identification

date of birth data urodzenia

divorced rozwiedziony

first name imię

gender płeć

home town rodzinne miasto

male/female tu: mężczyzna/

kobieta

marital status stan cywilny

married żonaty/zamężna

nationality narodowość

occupation zawód

personal interests

zainteresowania

physical appearance wygląd

single stanu wolnego

surname nazwisko

Appearance/Age

early/late teens (w wieku)

11-15 lat/(w wieku) 16-19

lat

mid-thirties (w wieku) ok. 35 lat

teenager nastolatek,

nastolatka

middle-aged w średnim

wieku

elderly starszy

of medium height średniego

wzrostu

short niski

tall wysoki

of medium build średniej

budowy ciała

overweight z nadwagą

plump pulchny

skinny chudy, wychudzony

slim szczupły

well-built dobrze zbudowany

curly kręcony

dark ciemny

fair jasny

ponytail koński ogon

shoulder-length tu: do

ramion

straight prosty

wavy falujący, kręcony

deep-coloured o wyrazistej

barwie

expressive pełen wyrazu

bald łysy

beard broda

freckles piegi

scar blizna

wrinkles zmarszczki

moustache wąsy

pale/tanned complexion

blada/opalona cera

elegant elegancki

good-looking przystojny

gorgeous śliczny

handsome przystojny

pretty ładny

scruffy niechlujny

ugly brzydki

cheek/cheekbone

policzek/kość policzkowa

chin podbródek

eyebrow brew

forehead czoło

head głowa

jaw/jawline szczęka/zarys

podbródka

lips wargi, usta

mouth usta, buzia

nose nos

teeth zęby

arm ramię, ręka

chest klatka piersiowa

elbow łokieć

finger palec

knee kolano

leg noga

neck szyja

shoulder ramię, bark

stomach brzuch

toe palec u nogi

waist talia

belt pas

blouse bluzka

boots buty, trzewiki, kozaczki

cardigan sweter rozpinany

coat płaszcz

gloves rękawiczki

handbag torebka

high heels wysokie obcasy

jacket kurtka

jumper sweter

pyjamas pidżama

purse portmonetka

sandals sandały

scarf szalik

shoes buty

skirt spódnica

sock skarpetka

sportswear odzież sportowa

suit garnitur

sunglasses okulary

przeciwsłoneczne

swimsuit strój kąpielowy

tie krawat

tracksuit dres sportowy

trainers adidasy

underwear bielizna

bright-coloured

o jaskrawych barwach

casual nieformalny, codzienny

cotton bawełna, bawełniany

denim dżinsowy

floral w kwiaty

formal formalny, oficjalny

leather skórzany

patterned we wzorki

thick gruby

tailored uszyty na miarę

woollen wełniany

fit pasować, dobrze leżeć

match pasować (np. kolorem)

suit pasować, być (komuś

w czymś) do twarzy

put on ubrać, założyć

take off zdjąć

adventurous żądny przygód

aggressive agresywny

ambitious ambitny

arrogant arogancki

bad-tempered wybuchowy

bossy apodyktyczny

boring nudny

caring opiekuńczy

chatty rozmowny

cheerful radosny

creative kreatywny

dishonest nieuczciwy

disorganised

niezorganizowany

easy-going beztroski

energetic energiczny

enthusiastic entuzjastyczny

generous wielkoduszny

gentle delikatny, wrażliwy

hard-working pracowity

helpful uczynny

16

Vocabulary Bank – People1

Height

Build

Special features

Eyes

Hair

Clothes & Accessories

Adjectives (people)

Face

Body

Adjectives (clothes)

Verbs

Personality


1honest uczciwy,

prawdomówny

immature niedojrzały

impatient niecierpliwy

indecisive niezdecydowany

indifferent obojętny

kind miły, życzliwy

lazy leniwy

loving kochający, czuły

loyal lojalny

mean podły, nikczemny;

skąpy

modest skromny

optimistic optymistyczny

organised zorganizowany

outgoing otwarty, towarzyski

patient cierpliwy

pessimistic pesymistyczny

polite grzeczny, uprzejmy

popular popularny

punctual punktualny

relaxed zrelaksowany

reserved powściągliwy

responsible odpowiedzialny

rude niegrzeczny

self-confident pewny siebie

selfish samolubny, egoistyczny

sensitive wrażliwy

shy nieśmiały

sociable towarzyski

spoilt zepsuty

sporty wysportowany

talkative rozmowny,

gadatliwy

trustworthy/untrustworthy

godny zaufania/niegodny

zaufania

angry with zły na (coś/kogoś)

anxious zaniepokojony

bored znudzony

confident pewny siebie

delighted zachwycony

determined zdeterminowany

disappointed rozczarowany

embarrassed zażenowany

excited (about) podniecony,

podekscytowany (czymś)

guilty winny

horrified/horrifying

przerażony/przerażający

jealous (of) zazdrosny (o)

mad about mający bzika na

punkcie

nervous (about)

denerwujący się (czymś)

proud dumny

relieved odczuwający ulgę

satisfied/satisfying

usatysfakcjonowany/

satysfakcjonujący

scared/scary

przestraszony/straszny

shocking/shocked

szokujący/zszokowany

stressful stresujący

surprised zaskoczony

thrilled podekscytowany

tired/tiring

zmęczony/męczący

worried zmartwiony

be a (fitness) fanatic mieć

bzika na punkcie (fitnesu)

be a bit of a moaner być

nieco zrzędliwym

be afraid of bać się (czegoś)

be fed up with sth mieć

czegoś dość

be fond of lubić (coś)

be in a good/bad mood

mieć dobry/zły nastrój

be in control of mieć

kontrolę (nad)

be interested in sth/doing

być zainteresowanym

czymś/ zrobieniem

(czegoś)

be keen on interesować się

(czymś), lubić (coś)

be kind to others być

życzliwym wobec innych

be on time przybyć

punktualnie

be sorry for odczuwać żal

z powodu

be the centre of attention

być w centrum

zinteresowania

change your mind zmienić

zdanie

complain about sth

narzekać na coś

do your best zrobić

wszystko co w (czyjejś)

mocy

do/owe sb a favour zrobić

(komuś) przysługę/być

(komuś) winnym przysługę

enjoy sb’s company dobrze

się czuć w czyimś

towarzystwie

get in touch with

skontaktować się z

get involved in zaangażować

się w

have a good attention span

być zdolnym do długiej

koncentracji

have a sense of humour

mieć poczucie humoru

have a strong personality

mieć mocną osobowość

help someone in trouble

pomóc komuś

w tarapatach

keep one’s temper panować

nad sobą

look after sb opiekować się

kimś, troszczyć się o kogoś

look for sth/sb szukać

czegoś/kogoś

lose one’s temper stracić

panowanie nad sobą

make sb laugh rozśmieszyć

kogoś

make up one’s mind podjąć

decyzję

prefer sth over sth else

woleć coś od czegoś

start a fight wdać się w bójkę

stay calm zachować spokój

suffer from sth cierpieć na

coś

take advantage of

wykorzystać (coś/kogoś)

tell the truth powiedzieć

prawdę

17

Vocabulary Bank – People

Feelings

Useful Phrases


6 Look at the photograph and complete thedescription with: sportswear, ponytail, wavy, slim,pale, sleeveless, married, energetic, baggy, height.

18

1ñ Collocations

1 Fill in: fashion, appearance, expressions, sense,interests, attitude, personality, body, status, friendly.Then use the collocations to fill in the sentences.

1 ................. language2 facial ....................3 .................... of

humour4 .................... face5 right ....................

6 marital ....................7 personal ..................8 physical ...................9 ....................

-conscious10 strong ....................

2 Find the odd word out.

1 narrow – pretty – small - energetic nose

2 thin – full – generous - gorgeous lips

3 bushy – high – thin - thick eyebrows

4 large – thin – small - friendly mouth

5 clear – clean – pale- tanned complexion

6 curly – plump – fair - wavy hair

ñ Useful phrases

3 Fill in: makes, sees, shares, broaden, changes, does,loses, takes, stays, pay.

1 Lisa always .................. a good impression onpeople she meets.

2 Phil’s very impatient and often .................. histemper when we are late.

3 John’s an optimistic man who always ..................the bright side of things.

4 Claire’s friends always ................ her complimentsabout the stylish clothes she wears.

5 Tim’s a bit indecisive; he often .................. hismind about things.

6 Helen always .................. calm when there is anemergency.

7 Lisa ..................... her best at school. 8 Bill’s grandfather sometimes .................. his

experiences of life during the war. 9 Helen tried to .................. her social circle by

joining some afterschool clubs. 10 Gloria is very adventurous. She .................. lots of

risks and has tried many extreme sports.

ñ Prepositions

4 Choose the correct preposition

1 Katy is fond of/in wearing scarves in the winter. 2 Paul is very energetic; he’s always at/on the go!3 Sarah is afraid for/of spiders. 4 Students should treat their teachers with/in respect.5 Fiona is a friendly person, she’s kind to/in everyone.6 Peter always complains about/of his problems. 7 Anna always finds time to get in/on touch with

her friends. 8 Mary gets angry of/with people who lie to her. 9 Sarah is really interested in/on fashion.1 You can often tell how people are feeling by

reading their .............................. . 2 Ricky has a great ..............................; his jokes

always make us laugh. 3 Kate is very ..............................; she often reads

magazines to find out the latest trends. 4 What is his ......................; is he married or single?

This photograph shows two adultsjogging in a park. They might befriends or they could be a(n)1) .............................. couple. Theman is of medium 2) .......................and has got 3) ...............................hair and a(n) 4) ...............................complexion. He is wearing a pair of5) ............................... tracksuitbottoms and a T-shirt under a6) ........................... blue top. The woman is alsowearing 7) ......................... including a red top and ablack pair of tracksuit bottoms. She is quite8) ............................... and has got long dark hair in a9) ............................... . I think they are very10) ............................... and sporty people whoexercise a lot.

ñ Words often confused

5 Fill in: fit, match, suit, put on, take off.

1 That skirt and blouse .................... . They have asimilar colour.

2 You should .................... your jacket. It’s coldoutside.

3 Those jeans really .................... you – you lookreally stylish in them!

4 Why don’t you .................... your coat, Brian? It’svery warm today.

5 This jumper doesn’t .................... me; it’s toosmall.


201

Matura Repetytorium Grammar Section

Contents

1 Present Tenses (present simple, present continuous, stative verbs, adverbs of frequency, present perfect,present perfect continuous)

2 Past Tenses (past simple, used to/would, past continuous, stative verbs, past perfect, past perfect continuous) 3 Future Tenses (future simple, be going to, future continuous, present continuous/present simple, adverbs of

frequency, future perfect, future perfect continuous, will/won’t – shall) 4 Infinitive/-ing form/Participle (to-infinitive/bare infinitive, -ing form, tenses of the infinitive/-ing form, verbs

taking the to-infinitive or the -ing form with a change in meaning, too – enough, participles)5 Modals (can/could – may/might – shall – will/would – should/ought to – must/have to – need/needn’t/didn’t need

to/needn’t have done – mustn’t/can’t, continuous and simple forms with modals) 6 Adjectives (adjectives/compound adjectives/adjectives with the definite article/order of adjectives) –

Adverbs (adverbs/formation/order of adverbs/adverbs with two forms and differences in meaning) – Comparisons (comparisons/types of comparisons)

7 Clauses (clauses of time, clauses of purpose, clauses of result, clauses of reason, clauses of contrast, clauses ofplace, exclamations, relative clauses, clauses of manner) – Linking Words (conjunctions, positive addition,contrast, alternative, cause/reason, manner, condition, purpose, effect/result, time, place, relative)

8 Passive voice (present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, future simple, present perfect,past perfect, modals, infinitive, -ing form – personal/impersonal constructions)

9 Causative form (get sth done, have sb do sth, get sb to do sth)10 Reported speech (statements, questions (if/whether), introductory verbs, Yes/No short answers/question tags,

subjunctive) 11 Conditionals (types 0, 1, 2, 3 – will/would after if – omission of if – mixed conditionals) 12 Wishes (present, past future) – had better/would rather/prefer – Unreal Past (I’d rather/sooner, suppose/supposing, It’s

(about/high) time)13 Nouns (the plural of nouns, compound nouns, regular/irregular plurals, countable/uncountable nouns, plural

nouns, nouns used in singular and plural with a different meaning) 14 Articles (a/an, the)15 Emphasis/Inversion16 Pronouns/Quantifiers/Demonstratives (personal pronouns, possessive adjectives/pronouns, possessive case,

reflexive/emphatic pronouns, there/it, This/These – That/Those, some/any/no/every + compounds, both/all,neither/nor, either, every/each, whole, one/ones, both … and, Neither … nor/Either … or, much/many/a lot of, otherand its forms)

17 Prepositions (place, movement, time) 18 Questions/Short answers (Yes/No questions, question words, subject/object questions, indirect questions,

question tags, short answers, so – Neither/nor)

Phrasal verbsPrepositions used with verbs and nouns

03RM BasicLyceum GramSec 1:03RM BasicLyceum GramSec 1 11-02-06 17:06

202

Czasy teraźniejsze

Czasowniki nie posiadające formy continuousñ czasowniki opisujące wrażenia odbierane za pomocą zmysłów (see, hear, smell, taste, feel, look, sound, seem,

appear itd.). Your perfume smells great.ñ czasowniki opisujące postrzeganie umysłowe i procesy myślowe (know, believe, understand, realise, remember,

forget itd.). Who knows the answer?ñ czasowniki wyrażające upodobania (like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, detest, desire, want itd.). Jim enjoys rock music.ñ inne czasowniki (be, contain, include, belong, fit, need, matter, cost, own, want, owe, weigh, wish, have, keep itd.).

This car belongs to my dad.

Niektórych z powyższych czasowników można użyć w czasie present continuous, ale powoduje to zmianę znaczenia.

Present Simple Present Continuous

THINKI think he is a very good actor. (= uważać) They are thinking of visiting Japan. (= rozważać)

HAVEShe has a beautiful house. (= posiadać, mieć)

I am having a fantastic time. (= doświadczać)She is having a shower. (= brać)They are having lunch. (= jeść)

SEEI can see the sea from my balcony. (= widzieć)I see what you mean. (= rozumieć)

I’m seeing my lawyer tomorrow morning. (= mieć spotkanie z)

TASTEThe cake tastes delicious. (= smakować, mieć smak) Jenny is tasting the soup to see if it needs more pepper. (= próbować)

SMELLThe roses smell lovely. (= pachnieć) She is smelling the flowers. (= wąchać)

APPEARHe appears to be nervous. (= zdawać się) He is appearing in a film with Jennifer Lopez. (= występować)

FITThis shirt fits you perfectly. (= pasować [rozmiarem]) My dad is fitting a new lock on the door. (= zakładać, montować)

LOOKDerek looks really tired. (= wyglądać) Diana is looking at some magazines. (= patrzeć)

1Czas present simple i present continuous

Czasu present simple używamy, mówiąc o:ñ faktach i stanach trwałych. Jane works as a dentist.ñ prawdach uniwersalnych i prawach przyrody.

The sun rises in the east.ñ codziennych czynnościach.

She usually goes to work by bus.ñ czynnościach odbywających się zgodnie z harmo-

nogramem. His train leaves at eight o’clock tomorrow.ñ przebiegu meczu. John Terry wins the ball, passes to

Lampard and scores for Chelsea.ñ uczuciach i emocjach.

I love Chopin. His music is wonderful.

Czasu present continuous używamy, mówiąc o:ñ czynnościach odbywających się w chwili obecnej.

Sylvia is doing her homework at the moment.ñ czynnościach tymczasowych.

We are decorating our house this week.ñ planach na najbliższą przyszłość.

I’m going out with Peter tonight. ñ stanach podlegających zmianie.

My daughter is doing better and better at school.ñ rzeczach, które nas irytują lub denerwują.

He is always playing loud music late at night.

W czasie present simple często pojawiają się przysłówkiczęstotliwości oraz następujące określenia czasu: usually,

often, always, every day/week/month/year itd., in the morning/

afternoon/evening, at night/the weekend, on Fridays itd.

W czasie present continuous często pojawiają się nastę-pujące określenia czasu: now, at the moment, at present,

these days, nowadays, still, today, tonight itd.

Remember!

ñ Czasownika enjoy można użyć zarówno w czasie present simple, jak i continuous. My sister really enjoysplaying volleyball. (ogólne upodobanie) ALE They’re enjoying the match very much. (chwilowy stan).

ñ Czasownika feel (= czuć) i hurt można użyć zarówno w czasie present simple, jak i continuous bez zmianyznaczenia. I feel very happy. = I am feeling very happy.Czasowniki listen, look i watch wyrażają celowe działanie i można ich użyć w czasie present continuous. They are looking at the box.


203

Czasy teraźniejsze

ZastosowaniePrzysłówki częstotliwości określają, jak często dana czynność sięodbywa. Przysłówki odpowiadają na pytanie How often ...? Przysłówkówczęstotliwości używa się zazwyczaj w czasie present simple.“How often does Tina go to the cinema?”“She rarely goes to the cinema.”

Przysłówków częstotliwości używa się:ñ przed czasownikiem głównym.

Nathan often goes out with his friends.ñ po czasownikach posiłkowych (be, have, do) i modalnych

(can, will, must itd.). Laura doesn’t usually go to bed late.Sophie is never late for school.We must always brush our teeth before we go to bed.

Uwaga: Przysłówki rarely, seldom i never mają znaczenie negatywne i nigdy nie są używane z partykułą not.Claire never leaves work before 5 pm. (NIE: Claire doesn’t never leave ...)Robert seldom goes to fast food restaurants. (NIE: Robert doesn’t seldom go ...)

Czas present perfect

Czasu present perfect (have + imiesłów str. biernej) używamy:ñ opisując czynności które miały miejsce w bliżej nie-

określonym momencie w przeszłości. Dokładnyczas nie został sprecyzowany, ponieważ nie jest toważne. Istotniejszy jest sam fakt, że dana czynnośćsię wydarzyła, a także jej związek z teraźniejszością.I have ironed the clothes. Cathy has been to Bangkok once.

ñ opisując stany lub czynności, które rozpoczęły się w przeszłości i trwają w teraźniejszości (często z użyciem czasowników: be, have, like, know itd.).I have known Harry for two years.

ñ opisując czynności, które zakończyły się niedawno, a których skutki widzimy obecnie.I have just washed the car.

ñ odnosząc się do doświadczenia lub życiowych zmian.She has acted in a film with Julia Roberts.

ñ z określeniami today, this morning/evening/week/

month itd., jeśli w momencie mówienia przedziałczasowy, o którym mowa, trwa nadal.We have watched three films this week. (= Tydzień sięjeszcze nie skończył i możliwe, że obejrzymy więcejfilmów.)

Czas present perfect continuous

Czasu present perfect continuous (have + been + czasownikz końcówką -ing) używamy, opisując czynności, które:ñ rozpoczęły się w przeszłości i trwają nadal w chwili,

gdy o nich mówimy.We have been painting the living room all morning.

ñ skończyły się niedawno a ich skutki, częstoniezamierzone i odnoszące się do wykonawcyczynności, obserwujemy w chwili obecnej.His hands are dirty because he has been fixing hismotorbike all morning.

ñ powodują naszą złość lub podirytowanie. He has been taking my laptop without my telling me.

.

W czasie present perfect często pojawiają się nastę-pujące określenia czasu: for, since, already, always, just, ever,

never, so far, today, this week/month itd., how long, lately,

recently, still (w przeczeniach), yet, by now itd.

W czasie present perfect continuous często poja-wiają się następujące określenia czasu: for, since, how

long, all day/morning/month itd., lately, recently.

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Przysłówki częstotliwości

1

Remember!

She has gone to the bank. (Zmierza do banku lub jużtam jest. Jeszcze stamtąd nie wróciła.)She has been to Los Angeles. (Przebywała w LosAngeles. Już stamtąd wróciła.)She has been in Milan. (Mieszka w Mediolanie.)

Remember!

Czasowników live, work, teach i feel możnaużywać zarówno w czasie present perfect, jak i present perfect continuous bez zmiany znaczenia.He has worked/has been working as a teacher forthe last ten years


Present Tenses1

204

A a fixed arrangement in the near futureB a habit/routineC a temporary situationD a general truth/law of natureE a changing/developing situation F a timetable/programme

3 ★ Underline the correct item.

1 Alan visits/is visiting his grandparents every weekend. 2 These days, it becomes/is becoming more expensive

to go abroad on holiday. 3 Helen and her friends go/are going to a rock

concert this evening.4 Angelia Jolie successfully plays/is playing the part

of Christine Collins in Changeling.5 Brian paints/is painting the kitchen walls at the

moment. 6 Do the leaves fall/Are the leaves falling from the

trees in autumn?

5 ★ Read the texts and fill in the gaps with thepresent simple or the present continuous of theverbs in brackets.

The MOOMBA festival 1) takes (take) place inMelbourne, Australia every March. The wordMoomba 2) ....................... (come) from anAboriginal word meaning ‘let’s get together andhave fun’. The festival 3) ............................... (last)for several days and 4) ....................................(include) many competitions, music and parades.The activities on the waterfront 5) ...........................(attract) thousands of visitors. At the moment, I6) ......................................... (watch) the ‘Birdman’competition. People 7) ............................ (try) to flytheir homemade flying machines and it’s very funny!The wind 8) .......................................... (blow) hardand the teams 9) ........................................ (have) adifficult time.

1 ★ Identify the tenses, then match them to their correct descriptions.

The Earth revolves around the Sun. Is she visiting the zoo tomorrow?He is staying at a hotel until his house is ready. The bus to Glasgow leaves at 7 pm.They don’t eat breakfast every morning.Ann’s driving is improving every week.

1 D

23456

2 ★ Put the verbs in brackets into the presentsimple or the present continuous.

1 A: I see (see) the circus is here again. Would youlike to come tonight?

B: Sorry, but I ......................................... (see) mygrandmother tonight.

2 A: ............................................... (Mary/enjoy) hervisit to Paris.

B: Yes, she ..................................... (enjoy) visitingthe museums there and going sightseeing.

3 A: I ............................... (think) of selling my car.B: I ............................ (think) that’s a great idea.

4 A: Ann Smith .................................... (appear) ina new TV show tonight.

B: Yes, she ................................. (appear) to feelbetter after her leg injury.

5 A: Why ............................................. (you/taste)the soup?

B: To see if it ............................. (taste) too salty.6 A: Is Ben OK? He ....................... (not/look) well.

B: Yes, I know. I ........................................ (look)for the doctor’s phone number now.

7 A: ................................................. (the oven/fit)next to the fridge?

B: Yes, the electrician ................................... (fit)it in right now.

8 A: She ...................................................... (have)a great reputation as a TV presenter.

B: That’s true, but she ............................. (have)problems with her career at the moment.

4 ★ Underline the correct time expression.

1 Helen is listening to music at the moment/in theafternoon.

2 Peter is having a party on Fridays/tomorrow. 3 He catches the bus to school every morning/

tonight. 4 The ferry leaves the port at 8 am tomorrow morning/

at the moment. 5 Lisa’s mum does the laundry on Sundays/now. 6 Paul is meeting his girlfriend this evening/every

week.

A


Every year huge crowds of people 1) .............................

(gather) at the Glastonbury festival. It 2) ........................... (be) a

celebration of art and music that 3) ................................ (unite)

fans from all over the world for a few days every year in June.

There 4) ........................... (be) many live performances and

theatricals by famous artists and even circus acts. Right now, we

5) ........................................ (lie) on the grass waiting for Kylie

Minogue. Her show 6) ......................................... (begin) in two

hours but people 7) ........................................................ (arrive) to

get good spots. I 8) .................................................. (not/believe) I

9) .......................................... (sit) here waiting to see my favourite

pop star!

Present Tenses 1

205

7 ★ Circle the correct item.

1 A: My mum …… the taste of curry at all.A likes C likeB doesn’t like D don’t like

2 A: …… how late we are?B: Yes. And we are only half way there.

A Are you realising C Do you realiseB You realise D You are realising

3 A: Summers …… longer and longer.B: A lot warmer, too!

A get C getsB is getting D are getting

4 A: Jim is …… late for class.B: Yes, he’s on time for most things.

A usually C alwaysB never D often

5 A: It rains quite …… in London.B: Mmm, at least three times a week.

A often C alwaysB usually D rarely

6 Water …… at 100° C.A boil C is boilingB boils D boiling

7 A: Sue …… of moving to Rome to study Art.B: Sounds exciting!

A thinks C is thinkingB think D thinking

8 A: What time ……?B: At 3 o’clock. We need to hurry.

A the plane leave C is the plane leavingB does the plane leave D do the plane leave

9 A: I just …… spring showers!B: So do I. They are so refreshing.

A loving C am lovingB love D loves

10 A: Do you like the party, Steven?B: It’s a bit boring. I …… myself much.

A don’t enjoy C enjoysB am not enjoying D enjoy

11 Ronaldo …… the penalty and Real Madrid lose 1-0.A miss C don’t missB is missing D misses

12 A: Laura …… comes to the gym on Thursdays.Where is she?

B: Home sick with a cold.A rarely C neverB usually D seldom

13 Dad …… his dentist tonight. He has a toothache.A is seeing B sees C seeing D see

14 A: …… a test today?B: No, tomorrow morning.

A You writing D You writeB Do you write C Are you writing

15 Most people have mobile phones …… .A still C nowadaysB at the moment D tonight

16 A: It …… to me like no one is home.B: You’re right. There are no lights anywhere in

the house.A is seeming C are seemingB seems D seem

Dear Readers,

Our teen magazine 1) wants (want) to thank you for your support.

More and more young people 2) ...........................

.............................. (read) our magazine these days. As you

3) ......................... (know), most of our fashion ideas

4) ........................... (come) from teens on the streets. So, we

5) ....................................... (have) a contest this month called

‘New Trendsetters’.

We 6) ........................... (ask) our readers to send us pictures of

what they 7) ....................................... (think) is stylish or trendy

today. 8) ........................................... (you/ believe) you or your

friends are fashion trendsetters? Send us a photo and see what

we think. Make sure you 9) ........................................

(not/forget) to get permission to take someone’s photo!

We 10) ........................... (give away):

ñ 20 Nick Jonas CDs

ñ 50 iPhone cases

ñ 100 Beauty surprise bags!!!

Cash prizes worth

£5,000

is giving awayprizes this month!

6 ★ Complete the advert with the verbs in brackets.Use the present simple or the present continuous.

B


Present Tenses1

206

9 ★ Fill in the gaps with have/has been to/in orhave/has gone to.

8 ★ Identify the tenses in bold and then match the sentences (1-7) with the correct tense descriptions (A-G).

Frank has read three comic books this morning. present perfect

Anthea has just made some cakes.................................................Have you been eating my dinner again?................................................He has been fixing been fixing his car since 11o’clock this morning.................................................She has been busy all week.................................................Sam’s parents have bought a new TV.................................................Rita is very tired. She has been studying allafternoon.................................................

1 E

2

3

4

5

6

7

10 ★ For each situation, use the words in bracketsto ask a question or to make a statement, as inthe example.

1 You see your friend’s house is a different colour. Youask: (paint/house?) Have you painted your house?

2 Your friend takes you to a shop you have neverbeen to. You ask: (be here/before?) ........................................................................................................................................................

3 You can see your friend has got a lot better atplaying his guitar. You ask: (practise/a lot?) ........................................................................................................................................................

4 Your friend asks you about your mum’s job. Yousay: (work/ teacher/for 20 years) ........................................................................................................................................................

5 Your parents want you to take back the DVDs youborrowed. You say: (not/finish/watch them/yet)........................................................................................................................................................

6 You see your friend queuing at the bank. You ask:(wait/long?)........................................................................................................................................................

A to put emphasis on the duration of an action whichstarted in the past and continues up to the present.

B to express anger, irritation or annoyance.C to describe an action which happened at an

unstated time in the past.D to describe an action which started in the past

and lasted for some time. The action may still becontinuing or may have already finished, but has avisible result in the present.

E to describe an action which happened within aspecific period of time which is not over at themoment of speaking.

F to express an action that has recently finished andwhose result is visible in the present.

G to talk about a state that started in the past andcontinues up to the present.

1 A: Have you ever been to the Eiffel Tower?B: Yes, and the view from there is

wonderful.2 A: I ......................... not ..........................

the new Italian restaurant in BentStreet. Would you like to go?

B: Yes, I ........................................ already............................... there and it’s reallygreat.

3 A: Is Jo coming to the cinema tonight?B: No, he ........................................... his

grandparents’ house for the weekend.4 A: How long ......................................

Greg .................................. New York?B: Two years, but he is coming home

soon.5 A: Can we watch a film at your house this

weekend?B: Yes, my parents .................................

Madrid.6 A: I need some information about the

tropics. Can you help me?B: Why don’t you ask Janet? She ..............

..................... Kenya and Nigeria severaltimes.


Who 1) hasn’t heard (not/hear) of Jamie Oliver? The

famous chef’s hands-on style and love for healthy

food 2) .......................................... (inspire) many

to go back into the kitchen.

Jamie became famous with his first television

show The Naked Chef back in 1997. Since then, he

3) .......................................... (come) out with series

after series which 4) ..........................................

(have) high ratings and most 5) ...........................

............... (lead) to best selling books. Jamie also

launched a campaign for healthier school meals

which 6) .......................................... (result) in the

award-winning series Jamie’s School Dinners.

Recently, he 7) ..........................................

(work) together with a major supermarket to

improve the quality of goods available to

customers. His talented hands

8) ..........................................

(cook) for Prime Minister, Tony

Blair, and other world leaders.

He 9) ..................

............... (receive) many

awards and special

recognition for his battle

against poor eating habits.

Jamie 10) ...............................

(live) on his farmhouse in Essex

with his wife and their four

children for over ten years,

growing their own fruit

and vegetables.

Present Tenses 1

207

13 ★ Complete the text with the present perfect orthe present perfect continuous of the verbs inbrackets.

12 ★ Ask and answer questions as in theexample.

1 Your bag looks heavy.2 Your clothes are dirty.3 You are wet.4 You look happy.5 You look upset.

A: Your bag looks heavy.

B: I’ve just been to the library.

11 ★ Complete the exchanges using the presentperfect or the present perfect continuous.

A: I 1) ...................................... (not/see) Laura for a while. 2) ...............................................(you/speak) to her lately?

B: No, I 3) ..................................... (be) be busy with my exams but I think she helps her mumwith chores every day after school.

A: 4) .......................................... (her mum/be)ill lately?

B: Not exactly. She 5) ..........................................(have) two surgeries on her knee so far and she6) ....................................................................(not/be able) to walk yet.

A: 1) ........................................ (you/see) Jane? She looks great. 2) ................................................................................. (she/diet) lately?

B: No. She 3) ....................................................(work) out at the gym for the last six months.

A: It seems that it 4) .........................................(do) wonders. She 5) .................................................................. (never/look) so healthy!

B: Well, you and I 6) .........................................(talk) about joining a gym for ages. Howabout going for it?

A: I think you 7) ................................................(just/read) my mind!

A: Tom, it’s already five o’clock. 1) ........................................... (you/finish) with the report?

B: Not yet. I 2) .......................................... (go)over the numbers all afternoon and somethingseems wrong.

A: 3) .................................. (Mary/check) that?B: I 4) ............................... (leave) several notes

on her desk so far, but I think she 5) .......................... (not/return) from her meeting yet.

A: 1) Have you heard (you/hear) the weatherforecast yet?B: No, but I 2) ..................................... (watch)

the news for the last hour and all they 3) ............................... (talk) about are the floods.

A: Oh dear! Those poor people. It 4) ..................................... (be) an awful week so far with all those storms.

B: Yes, especially in the north where it 5) .................................... (not/stop) raining for over a week now.


SB1

Asking for personal information

ñ Have you got any brothers or sisters?ñ Where do you live?ñ Do you work or are you still at school?ñ What do you do in your spare time?

Giving personal information

ñ Yes, I’ve got ... bothers/sisters. / No, I’m an only child.ñ I live in a house/flat in the suburbs/on the

outskirts/near the city centre/in a small town etcñ Actually, I’m a Year ... school student. / I finished school

… years ago and now I ... .ñ When I have some time off, I usually ... ./ In my spare

time I really like to ... .

Asking about experiences

ñ Have you ever (been to) ...?ñ How long have you ...?ñ When did you last ...? What was it like? How was?

Responding

ñ Yes, I have. I ... . /No, I’ve never ... .

ñ I’ve been ... since/for ... .ñ The last time I ... was ... .

It was great/fun/disappointing etc.

ñ Actually, I’ve never beento ..., but I hope I will,some day. / Yes, I have.I went ... and it wasfantastic/boring etc.

Talking about experiences

Asking about someone

ñ Who’s your best friend?ñ What’s your brother/ sister/best friend etc like?ñ Tell me about your brother/sister/best friend etc.ñ What sort of person is ...?ñ How well do you get on with ...?

Responding

ñ My best friend is ... . We’ve grown up together./We’ve beenfriends forever! We’ve known each other for/since ... .

ñ He/She is really great/cool/amazing etc. We get on verywell together.

ñ He/She is really great, but can be a bit difficult/mean/grumpy/stubborn etc at times.

ñ Not very well/at all.

Talking about others

Asking about likes & dislikes

ñ What do you thinkof ...?

ñ Are you interested in ..., at all?ñ Do you enjoy/like ... (-ing)?

Expressing dislikes

ñ I just hate/can’tstand ...

ñ To be honest, it’snot really my thing.

ñ It’s not my cup of tea.ñ I find ... really boring/

awful etc.ñ I don’t like ... at all.

Expressing likes

ñ I think it’s amazing/fantastic/really cool!

ñ I really like/ love ... (-ing)ñ I’m crazy about it.

Being neutral

ñ It’s OK, I suppose.ñ I don't mind.

ñ I’m not too sure.ñ Well, I don't know, really.

Criticising

ñ You should havetold me you’d be(late/have to leaveearlier/about thecost) etc

ñ Why didn’t you tell me ...?ñ I wish you would/wouldn’t ... .ñ Couldn’t you have ...?ñ I can’t stand it when you ... .

Apologising Making excuses

ñ I’m so/really/terribly sorry.

ñ Oh, no! I feelawful/ terrible.

ñ I completely forgot that ... .ñ I simply didn’t realise that ... .ñ I just didn’t have the time

to ... .

Accepting an apology

ñ Never mind. What’sdone is done.

ñ I suppose it wasn’treally your fault.

ñ Don't worry about it.ñ Never mind. It doesn’t matter.ñ Oh, OK/alright. Let’s forget

about it.

Criticising and apologising

Asking for and giving personal information

Asking about and expressing likes and dislikes

Giving and reacting to news

Giving good news Reacting to good news

ñ Guess what! I’ve (passedmy driving test) etc.

ñ I’ve got some greatnews.

ñ You won’t believe this!I ... .

ñ That’s fantastic/great!Well done!

ñ Wow! Really?ñ Wow! That’s brilliant!ñ Congratulations! I’m

really happy for you!

Giving bad news Reacting to bad news

ñ I’m afraid I’ve got somebad news. I’ve (beenrobbed.) etc.

ñ Something terrible hashappened. I ... .

ñ It’s bad news, I’m afraid.

ñ Oh, no! How awful/terrible/sad!

ñ Oh dear! How did ithappen?

ñ That’s a shame/a pity/too bad.

ñ Poor you! I can’t believe it!

Speaking Bank

04RM BasicLyceum Speak&Writ:04RM BasicLyceum Speak&Writ 11-02-06 17:18

SB2

1 Choose the correct response.

1 A: Where do you live?B: a I don’t like the city at all.

b In a flat in the suburbs.

2 A: How do you feel about Lady GaGa’s new CD?B: a Its OK, I suppose. b I’m sorry, I feel terrible.

3 A: It’s bad news, I’m afraid. I failed my drivingtest, again.

B: a Wow! That’s brilliant!b Poor you! That’s too bad!

4 A: What do you do in your spare time?B: a Actually, I’m a Year 10 school student.

b When I have some time off, I like to goskateboarding.

5 A: You should have told me you’d have to leaveearlier.

B: a I completely forgot that I had to go.b Why didn’t you tell me that you didn’t

want to come?

6 A: I don't like waiting in queues at all.B: a Poor you! b I don’t mind.

7 A: Guess what! I won a bike race last weekend!B: a Wow! Really? b I’m really into cycling.

8 A: Who’s your best friend?B: a That would be Tony. I’ve known him since

I was 5. b He’s really great, but can be a bit annoying

at times.

9 A: Have you ever been on holiday to Thailand?B: a The last time I went on holiday was this

June. It was amazing!b No, I’ve never been to Asia. I’m hoping

I will someday.

10 A: How long have you been playing the guitar?B: a I’ve always wanted to learn to play.

b I’ve been playing since I was 10 years old.

11 A: Do you work or are you still at school?B: a I finished school 2 years ago and now I’m

at university.b I really like working for this company.

12 A: How well do you get on with Martin?B: a I don’t mind.

b Not very well.

2 Replace what Speaker B says with a phrase thatexpresses the same idea.

1 A: Guess what! I’ve been elected class president!B: That’s fantastic! Well done!

2 A: Are you interested in travelling, at all?B: I’m crazy about visiting new places.

3 A: How do you feel about pop music?B: I just hate it.

4 A: Something terrible has happened. George’slost his job.

B: That’s a pity.

5 A: Tell me about your best friend. B: My best friend is Sue. I’ve known her since we

were little children.

6 A: I know I should have called you, but I didn’thave any phone credit.

B: Don’t worry about it.

7 A: I’m afraid I’ve got some bad news. Angelina’snew bike got stolen.

B: Oh no, how terrible!

8 A: I wish you had told me the tickets would be soexpensive.

B: I can’t tell you how sorry I am.

9 A: What do you think of wearing a uniform toschool?

B: I don’t mind.

10 A: Have you heard the good news? I got the jobat the music shop!

B: Congratulations!

11 A: You should have reminded me about today’smeeting.

B: I completely forgot that it was today.

12 A: Do you enjoy windsurfing?B: I think it’s awesome!

13 A: I just didn’t have the time to finish the project.B: Why didn’t you tell me last week?

14 A: Tell me about your friend Stephen.B: I’ve known him for a long, long time.

15 A: What do you think of the new school rule?B: I’m not too sure about it.

Speaking Bank


Writing Bank

List prywatny

List prywatny piszemy do osoby, którą dobrzeznamy. Zazwyczaj rozpoczyna się go od słowa Dear

i imienia adresata. W pierwszym akapiciepozdrawiamy adresata (np. Hi! How are you?)i podajemy powód napisania listu. W kolejnychakapitach rozwijamy list, a w ostatnim go kończymy,żegnamy się i podpisujemy (np. Have to go now. Yours,

Rebecca).

W liście prywatnym używamy stylu nieoficjalnego:ñ słownictwa stosowanego w życiu codziennym.

(I’m having a great time.)

ñ potocznych wyrażeń/idiomów.(Drop me a line.)

ñ krótkich spójników. (so, and itd.)ñ ściągniętych form czasowników.

(I can’t, I’ll be ...)

PRZYDATNE ZWROTY

Zwrot rozpoczynającyñ Dear Mum/Dad, Dear Aunt Claire,ñ Dear Grandpa, Dear Tom/Lucy itd.

Rozpoczynanie listuñ Hope you’re OK. ñ How are you doing?ñ Hi from Moscow/Rome/Cracow itd.ñ Thanks for your email.ñ Sorry I didn’t write earlier, but I ...ñ Sorry for not writing for so long.ñ Hi! How are you?ñ It was good to hear from you.ñ I haven’t heard from you for a while.

Powód napisania listuñ I wanted to drop you a line to tell you mynews/to tell you about ... ñ I just wanted toask/remind/thank itd. you ... ñ Just a quickemail to tell you ... ñ I wondered if you’d liketo ... ñ This is just to let you know ...ñ I’m sorry to hear about ... ñ I was a bit

worried and wanted to see if you’re OK.

Prośba o utrzymanie kontaktuñ Drop me a line sometime.ñ I hope to hear from you soon.ñ Give me a call later.ñ Let me know if you can make it or not.ñ I was glad to hear about ...ñ Let me know as soon as possible.

Kończenie listuñ Email me soon.ñ I’d better get going./Bye for now.ñ I must go now./Got to go now.

Zwrot kończącyYours/Best wishes/Love/Take care itd. + your firstname

Practice

1 Napisz na nowo pierwszy akapit, używając wyrażeń z listy obok.

2 Przeformułuj zakończenie listu.

3 Zaproponuj użycie innego zwrotu kończącego.

Dear Peter,

Hope you’re OK. I wanted to drop you a line totell you my news.

I’m in Rome studying law at university. I’mstaying on the campus. My room’s very nice.Lessons here are very interesting. I have classesevery morning then I spend some afternoons inthe library. I’ve made some new friends here.Rosa and Maria are from Spain and are studyingmedicine. Petra’s from Poland and she’s studyinglaw. We are in the uni football club. They’re allvery nice to me and showed me around when Ifirst arrived here.

Rome is so different from my hometown. It’s fullof life. There are huge department stores and thestreets are crowded. People are very friendly but Ido miss my town. Still, I’m sure I’ll get used tothe new way of life.

Have to go now. Petra’s promised to take me tothe art gallery. I can’t wait. I hope to hear fromyou soon.

Yours,Anna

wyrażenia potoczne

zwrotyrozpoczynające

ściągnięte formyczasowników

słownictwopotoczne

krótkie spójniki

zakończenielistu

zwrotkończący wyrażenia potoczne

WB1

Przeprowadziłeś/łaś się do innego miasta, abystudiować prawo. Napisz list do swojego przyjaciela/przyjaciółki z Anglii (120–150 słów). Napisz:ñ w jakim mieście mieszkasz i jakie masz zakwaterowanie,ñ co studiujesz i czy podoba Ci się ten kierunek studiów,ñ kim są Twoi nowi przyjaciele i co zazwyczaj razem robicie,ñ jakie jest miasto, w którym teraz mieszkasz i czym różni

się od miasta, z którego pochodzisz.


Writing Bank

WiadomośćWiadomość to krótki tekst, którego celem jestudzielenie adresatowi informacji, poproszenie go o przysługę, zaplanowanie spotkania itd.Wiadomość cechuje udzielenie wszystkich istotnychinformacji bez użycia zbędnych słów. Pisząc wiado-mość, przeważnie pomijamy takie kategorie słów jakzaimki osobowe (I, you, itd.), przedimki (a/an,the), czasowniki posiłkowe (am, have, itd.) orazzwroty powitalne i pożegnalne (Dear, Yours, itd.).Można natomiast używać trybu rozkazującego,spójników typowych dla stylu nieformalnego,imiesłowów i ściągniętych form czasowników, naogół nieużywanych w języku pisanym. Wiadomośćzazwyczaj nie jest podzielona na akapity.

Przydatne zwrotyPoczątek wiadomości(person’s first name) Tony/Mark,

Powód napisania wiadomościñ Need to work late.ñ Had to go shopping.ñ Got phone call from Peter.ñ Paul just called and ...ñ Couldn’t wait for you.ñ Had to go to the (supermarket).

Planowane działaniañ Be back in ... (an hour)ñ I won’t be late. ñ Call you later.ñ See you at (the cinema)ñ Call me if you have any problems.

Sugestieñ How about ...? ñ We could (meet) ...

Prośba o przysługęñ Can/Could you ...?ñ Please, (... take it to ...)

Zakończenie wiadomościñ Thanks. ñ Cheers. ñ See you.

1 Przeczytaj przykładową wiadomość poniżej. Dlaczego nie jest ona dobrze napisana? Zastanów się nad:

ñ układem graficznym, ñ rozpoczęciem i zakończeniem,ñ zwięzłością , ñ pominięciem zaimków, przedimków

i czasowników posiłkowych.

Practice

Musisz wyjść. Napisz wiadomość adresowaną do Twojej współlokatorki z Walii, w której:ñ poinformujesz, że czekałeś/łaś na przyjście kolegi, który

jednak się spóźni – napisz, dlaczego.ñ poprosisz o odebranie prania z pralni i podasz powód.ñ wyjaśnisz, gdzie poszedłeś/poszłaś i kiedy wrócisz.ñ poinformujesz współlokatorkę, gdzie jest jedzenie

i że w razie potrzeby może do Ciebie zadzwonić.

Dear Anna,

Sandra called earlier. She wanted to tell us that

she would be late because she missed her bus. She

said she had to wait for the 7:05 bus.

Can you please pick up the laundry? I went to the

shop earlier but it was closed so I couldn’t pick it

up. I’m going to the supermarket as I need to buy

some things. I’ll be back at 8.

I cooked pasta. It’s in the oven so help yourself if

you are hungry. If you need anything, call me.

See you soon.

Yours,

Sandy

Anna,

Got phone call from Sandra.

She’ll be late. Missed bus so has

to wait for the 7:05. Can you

pick the laundry? Shop wasn’t

open when I went. Going to the

supermarket. Be back at 8:00.

Dinner’s in the oven. Call me if

you need anything.

See you.

Sandy

pominięciezaimkaosobowego (I)

pominięcie przedimka

(the)

krótkie spójniki

ściągnięte formy

czasowników imiesłowy

tryb rozkazujący

WB2


Matura Repetytorium. Poziom podstawowy to najnowsza propozycja dla uczniówprzygotowujących się do egzaminu maturalnego na poziomie podstawowym, a także innych egzaminów na tym samym poziomie. Prezentuje zintegrowane podejście dorozwoju wszystkich sprawności językowych u uczniów na poziomach od podstawowegodo średniozaawansowanego.

Zalety kursu:

■ zgodność tematów oraz materiału leksykalno-gramatycznego ze standardami wymagańegzaminacyjnych

■ różnorodne teksty o ciekawej tematyce■ systematyczny rozwój poszczególnych sprawności: słuchania, czytania, mówienia i pisania■ sekcja Grammar Bank z obszernymi wyjaśnieniami zagadnień gramatycznych i bogatym

materiałem ćwiczeniowym■ wskazówki zwiększające niezależność uczniów■ sekcje międzykulturowe■ sekcja Vocabulary Bank pozwalająca na poszerzenie słownictwa■ starannie opracowane zadania zgodne z nową formułą egzaminu maturalnego■ sekcja Speaking Bank, umożliwiająca powtórkę funkcji językowych■ sekcja Writing Bank, zawierająca omówienie form pisemnych, przykładowe wypowiedzi

i listy zwrotów przydatnych przy tworzeniu wypowiedzi pisemnych, stanowi unikalnyprzewodnik ułatwiający opanowanie umiejętności tworzenia wypowiedzi pisemnychzgodnie z wymaganiami egzaminu maturalnego


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