01 Wcdma Rnp&Rno Conspectus

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential

WCDMA RNP&RNO Conspectus

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential 2

Main Topics WCDMA RNP Principles and Procedures

WCDMA RNO Principles and Procedures


WCDMA RNP Overview

WCDMA Radio Network Dimensioning

WCDMA Nominal Planning

WCDMA Final Design

WCDMA RNP Principles and Procedures


RNP Definition ： According to deployment and evolution requirements, as well as cost-effectiveness consideration, generate the amount of Network Elements (NE), NE configuration, and Transmission design between different NE.

Network Planning Scope ：Core network ： focus on CN element dimension and configuration.Radio network ： focus on RAN element dimension and configurationTransmission network ：

focus on link dimension and

configuration between network elements. RNS

RNC

RNS

RNC

Core Network

Node B Node B Node B Node B

Iu Iu

Iur

Iub IubIub Iub

Definition & Scope


WCDMA network planning solution

WCDMA Radio network planning (NodeB/RNC) WCDMA Transmission network planning (Iu/Iur/Iub) WCDMA Core network planning (CS/PS domain) WCDMA RNP tools development

U-NetU-NetHuawei

Network KPI

Pilot pollution

Soft-handover ratio and probability

Access probability of

different services

Best Server Distribution

CE dimension

Estimation result


Objectives of network planning

The RF Design of wireless system revolves four The RF Design of wireless system revolves four main principles. These principles are main principles. These principles are CoverageCoverage, , CapacityCapacity, , Quality and CostQuality and Cost. And further, adapt to . And further, adapt to the future network development and expansion.the future network development and expansion.

The RF Design of wireless system revolves four The RF Design of wireless system revolves four main principles. These principles are main principles. These principles are CoverageCoverage, , CapacityCapacity, , Quality and CostQuality and Cost. And further, adapt to . And further, adapt to the future network development and expansion.the future network development and expansion.

CoverageCoverage QualityQuality CostCostCapacityCapacity

Realization of excellent balance of all aspects via network planning


Realize 1×1 frequency reuse

The capacity per WCDMA cell is “soft”

for it is related to environment and

neighbor cell interference.

Supports multiple services with

different speed rate and QoS, and each

service has different coverage range.

Adopts cellular network structure

and frequency planning to guarantee

intra/inter-frequency interference

Users supported can be calculated from carriers and timeslots if the interference meets the requirements.Provides voice service

Difference between WCDMA and GSM

GSM WCDMA

64K 12.2K144K384K


WCDMA RNP procedure overview

Capacity

Quality Coverage

Interference

Final design

preparation

Dimensioning Nominal Planning

Site survey

Deployment

Detailed planning& pre-optimization

Preliminary design


WCDMA RNP Overview


WCDMA Preliminary Design

WCDMA Cell Planning

CONTENTS


Input & Output

Coverage related

Coverage area

Coverage

probability

Capacity related

Traffic model

Service model

User density

Quality related

QoS requirements

GoS requirements

Demodulation

threshold

System

dimensioning

Number of sites

System

configuration

Sector structure

Number of carriers

Cost on network

construction

Site cost

Equipment cost

Input Output

Coverage design

Capacity design


Receiver Sensitivity PDCH_Max

Minimum Required Signal Strength EiRP PUE_Max

• Slow Fading Margin• Penetration Loss

TX RX

Duplexer

Antenna

UE

PL_DL

PL_UL

• Body Loss• Interference Margin • Fast Fading Margin• Margin for Background Noise

TX RX

Duplexer

Cable

Antenna

Node B

• Interference Margin• Fast Fading Margin• Margin for Background Noise

Soft Handover Area

• SHO Gain

WCDMA Link Budget


Network Dimension flow chart

覆盖目标地区信息DU ??km^2U ?? km^2SU ??km^2RA ??km^2HW ??km

Geographical information

DU km2

U km2

SU km2

RA km2

HW km2

预设小区负载

Adjust UL loading Downwards

根据上行负载计算得到特定环境下小

区覆盖范围

UL cell range with specific UL loading

Service-specific Information Service Type, Proportion Service DensityService Forecast

特定环境下小区上下行负载

DL Loading in specificcircumstances小区范围

Cell Range

Y (Capacity-limited)

适用传播模型COST231-HATA,.. .

Applicable Propagation ModelCOST231-HATA, ...

是否达到最大允许配If the upper limitof configuration

be reached

Large than 基站配置

Less than (Coverage-limited)

Shrink the Cell

Cell Loading vs. Maximum Allowable Value

N

Add the amount of configuration (sectorization, carriers,...)

Equal to

SiteConfiguration

Cell Range

Number of Site


WCDMA RNP Overview



WCDMA Final Design

CONTENTS


Nominal PlanningNominal Planning Based on the result of network dimension, preliminary design pr

esent Information of theoretical sites including following : Site coordinates. Engineering parameters such as Antenna height, azimuths and tilts. Radio parameters such as scrambling code ,transmit power of differe

nt channels , etc.


Preliminary design flow chart

Radio Network

Dimensioning

Di mensi oni ng Report

Contract

Initial sites choosing

System simulation

TargetSize

Phase No.

Available sites information

Site adjustment?

Y

N

Bidding Document

Sites importingPropagation

model

Nominal planning report(Including: search ring and

Theoretical site specification)


About simulation Unlike GSM network, in CDMA coverage and capacity are too inter-related t

o be predicted accurately, so we introduced Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the performance of a radio network.

Ec 、 Ec/Io 、 pilot pollution distribution Soft (softer) handover area analysis UE transmit power Eb/No, access successful rate of each service ……

Monte Carlo is a static simulation

During Monte Carlo simulation, the performance of the network is analyzed over various instances in time (snapshot), where UEs are in statistically determined places with the given traffic model. The ability of each terminal to make its connection to the network is calculated through an iterative process.

WCDMA simulation


Setup Setup networknetworkDesignDesign

Run PilotRun PilotField Field

StrengthStrengthPredictionPrediction

PilotPilotLevelLevelOK?OK?

TrafficTrafficForecastForecastAvail?Avail?

Run UMTSRun UMTSTrafficTraffic

simulationsimulation

Setup fixedSetup fixedLoad valuesLoad values

Make predictionsMake predictions(Services)(Services)

PerformancePerformanceRequirementsRequirements

Fulfilled?Fulfilled?

Neighbors planning&Neighbors planning&Scrambling code Scrambling code

allocationallocation

RNP Input & RNP Input & EquipmentEquipment

configurationconfiguration

Neighborhood Neighborhood planning criteriaplanning criteria

Scrambling code Scrambling code allocation criteriaallocation criteria

OutputOutputparametersparameters

YESYESNONO

YESYES

NONO

YESYES

NONO

Traffic modelTraffic modelSimulation flow-chart


Simulation output Simulation output ：

Pilot coverage (Ec, Ec/Io) in the target areas

Best server plot Coverage probability distribution of eac

h service Access failure distribution and statistic

of each service Continuous coverage areas of each serv

ice Cell load distribution of downlink and u

plink Pilot pollution distribution Soft handover areas statistic of each ser

vice


Preliminary design output

Project background introduction

Target areas information such as population, district division etc.

Radio network solution: sites distribution plot, sites list etc.

Performance summary based on the simulation result.

Annex: simulation output

In preliminary design stage, we choose initial sites, do network performance

simulation, conduct adjustment according to the simulation result, until

finally we get all performance requirements fulfilled, then we can output the

<<XX project WCDMA Radio Network preliminary design Report>> with

following contents:

In preliminary design stage, we choose initial sites, do network performance

simulation, conduct adjustment according to the simulation result, until

finally we get all performance requirements fulfilled, then we can output the

<<XX project WCDMA Radio Network preliminary design Report>> with

following contents:


WCDMA RNP Overview



WCDMA Final Design

CONTENTS


Final Design flow-chart

Site list

Radio network preliminary plan

report

New site or not

2G site or not

Output SearchRings

Identify theoretical site

Confirm site conditions

or not

Site survey report

Meet site requirements

or not

Yes

Site survey

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

No

Noise test Noise test report

Based on the preliminary design report,

we conduct more detailed cell planning.

Based on the preliminary design report,

we conduct more detailed cell planning.


For each theoretical site, a physical site will be acquired in this phase

through following steps:

Define search areas

Site ranking

Identify candidate sites

Site acquisition

Site Survey

A suitable physical site Give adequate radio coverage. Have connectivity into the transmission network. Be aesthetically and politically acceptable to the local community. Have power nearby, good access and a co-operative owner.

A3rd

D1st

C2nd B - Unsuitable


Site Survey report The surveyor will prepare a report listing the options,

and following items will included in the report:

Accurate grid reference.

Accurate height of structures or available antenna windows.

Photographs of the site.

360º panoramic photos from site or if obstructed from nearby

location/structure.

From site survey report, RNP engineers can derive appropriate site location, antenna type,

height, azimuth, down tilt, etc.


Verification by system simulation

It is an iterative process to verify the final design until all the requirements are fulfilled

Coverage prediction

RNP Planningresults

Are Requirements Fulfilled?

Traffic distribution System simulation


WCDMA RNP output

LAC, RAC, SAC Plan

Neighbor relation plan (intra-frequency, inter-

frequency, and inter-system)

Frequency plan

Scrambling code plan

Power allocation for each channel

Handover parameters

Access control parameters

Other radio parameters

After performance verification by simulation, we produce <<XX project RN

P report>> with more detailed contents. In order to guide the project imple

mentation, the report should also include following items ：

After performance verification by simulation, we produce <<XX project RN

P report>> with more detailed contents. In order to guide the project imple

mentation, the report should also include following items ：


WCDMA RNP summary


Main Topics WCDMA RNP Principles and

Procedures

WCDMA RNO Principles and

Procedures



Brief Introduction

Single Site Verification Radio Frequency Optimization

Parameters Optimization

Regular Testing & KPI Analysis


To enhance network performance--- e.g. coverage/accessibility/mobility …

To resolve specific issues--- e.g. interference/coverage …

To improve subscribers’ QoE--- e.g. service quality/drop calls…

To enhance network stability--- e.g. traffic increase/upgrade…

Network Optimization TargetNetwork Optimization Target


Construction phase

Troubleshooting

Booming phasePotential Seeking

Mature phaseBalancing

Time

Su

bs.

Nu

mb

er

RF plan review

Single site verification

Pre-launch optimization

KPI analysis

ComplaintsDT & CQT

Pro

ble

m

analy

sis

and

reso

luti

on

Customized and differentiated

services

Billing strategies

Drop call

Congestion

Poor quality

Access failure

……

•RF adjustment•Para. adjustment

•Maintenance and upgrade

•Network expansion

•…….

Investment Return

Commercial launch

Optimization throughout Life Cycle


Network Optimization Phases

RF optimization

Y

N

N

Y

Single site verification

80 ％ sites in the cluster ready?

Service test and parameter optimization

Routine drive test and stats. analysis

Acceptance criteria

satisfied?

New site integrated

Optimization preparation

Acceptance


Network Optimization PhasesNetwork Optimization Phases Single site verification

To verify the functionality of new sites

--- e.g. site installation, basic functions of

the cell RF optimization To control interference & pilot pollution To optimize coverage & 3G neighbor lists

Services test & para.

optimization To evaluate network performance To optimize network parameters

Regular route testing & stats.

analysis To monitor & evaluate network

performance To identify & solve new network issues

--- e.g. issues caused by traffic increase

Prepara

tion

Phase

1

Phase

2

Phase

3


Brief Introduction






Site Verification Target To verify cell coverage

CPICH RSCP

To investigate interference NodeB RTWP & CPICH Ec/Io

To verify site installation e.g. PA/antenna/feeders issues

To check service function CS call & PS attach/detach


Site Verification Items Cell basic information confirm

Item: frequency, SC, LAC/RAC

Tool: engineering UE

Purpose: basic parameters check

Cell coverage verification

Item: CPICH RSCP

Tool: engineering UE or scanner

Purpose: identify equipment issues

--- e.g. PA, antenna, feeder connection,

etc


Site Verification Items Cell interference investigation

Item: NodeB RTWP, CPICH Ec/Io

Tool: NodeB LMT, engineering UE or

scanner

Purpose: UL/DL interference investigation

Service function verification Item: voice (MO/MT), VP (MO/MT)

PS attach/detach, PDP activation

Tool: engineering UE

Purpose: CS/PS service function check


An example Check list

Example: Site Verification Checklist

□ □

Single Site Verification Checklist

Site expanded from:Site migrated from RNC:

New site Expansion

Site Connected to RNC:

Idle mode

Note: If the item is OK, mark the "□" before it by "√" ； otherwise, mark the"□" by "√". If the item is not check, mark the "□" before it by "/".

HSDPA □10 Normal function to access HSDPA □ □

□□ □ □

□□ □ □ □

□

Migration Others

□

□ □

New Site:Site Expansion:

Reminder

Mapinfo Update □Data Base Update □

To:To RNC:

□ □ □

Site Name:

Remarks

□

□

CPICH_RSCP > –75 dBm near site

□

□ □□

Coverage DT 9 Check by DT whether the overall quality of service and coverage areas have reached the planned target□

Connected mode

□

□6

□

Mobile originated and terminated calls of VP service8 Connection of PS services

□ □

Mobile originated and terminated calls of voice services7

□CPICH_EcIo > –8 dB near site

□ □

□ □□ □ □

Site ID:

□No. Activity/Process

Site MigrationOthers

□ □

3 LAC/RAC data configuration

1

4

2 Scramble configurationFrequency configuration

5

Remarks (further explanation):

2-Name/Designation: Signature: Date:

Reviewed by:

1-Name/Designation: Signature: Date:

X


Brief Introduction






RF Optimization TargetRF Optimization Target

To optimize coverage

To minimize pilot pollution

To optimize cell dominance

To optimize neighbor cell list

To resolve RF-related drop

calls


RF Optimization Procedure Drive testDrive test

Identify RF issuesIdentify RF issues

Identify candidate cells for changes

Identify candidate cells for changes

Identify nature of required changes

Identify nature of required changes

Determine amount of changes

Determine amount of changes

Implement changesImplement changes

Repeat drive testRepeat drive test

FinishedFinished

NProblem resolved?Problem resolved?

Y


RF Parameters Optimization Engineering parameters

adjustment To adjust antenna down tilt

To adjust antenna azimuth

To adjust antenna location

To adjust antenna height

To replace antenna

To replace site

To add new cell

Radio part parameters

adjustment To optimize neighbor cell list


CPICH Coverage Optimization

Ways to optimize:(1)Adjust ant. azimuth or

tilt;(2)Increase ant. height;(3)Replace high-gain

antenna;(4)Add new cells;

Ways to optimize:(1)Adjust ant. azimuth or

tilt;(2)Decrease ant. height;(3)Adjust CPICH power

Ways to optimize:(1)UL or DL coverage

limited?(2)Optimize UL or DL

interference

Poor coverage cells

Over shooting cells

UL & DL coverage

imbalance

CPICH coverage analysis:


Poor Coverage: Example


Cell Dominance Optimization

Cells with no dominance at all

To indicate the site not radiating

or to indicate antennas blocking

Cells with excessive or poor

dominance

Due to non-optimum antenna tilts

or due to a high site

Areas of non-dominance

Due to no a single clear dominant cell

Cell dominance analysis:

Site visit needed

(1) Frequent soft HO(2) Interference to

adjacent cells


Poor Cell Dominance: Example


Pilot Pollution MinimizationPilot Pollution Minimization

-62 -64 -66 -68 -69

-81

-90

-85

-80

-75

-70

-65

-60

SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6

RSCP

(dBm

)

Active Set Pilot Pollution

Margin

NotPilot Pollution

Ways to optimize:

(1) Antenna adjustment

(e.g. azimuth or down tilt)

(2) Pilot power optimization

SHO candidates (A)

Active set size (B)

If A>B, pilot pollution exists

Pilot pollution definition: Pilot pollution will result in:

(1) low signal quality(2) decreased system

capacity(3) Call drops easier


Pilot Pollution: ExamplePilot Pollution: Example


Neighbor Cell List OptimizationNeighbor Cell List Optimization

Data collection: drive test

Data comparison: scanner, UE

How to optimize?

How to optimize neighbor cell List?

(1)Compare coverage difference b/w Scanner and UE

(2) Add missing neighbor cells(3) Remove useless neighbor

cells

Neighbor list classification: Intra-freq. neighbor cell list

Inter-freq. neighbor cell list

Inter-RAT neighbor cell list

Neighbor cell list influences:

(1) Service Handover (drop call)

(2) Cell Reselection

Drive test (service test): Drop calls during moving


RF-related Drop CallsRF-related Drop Calls

Poor coverage

High interference

Poor UL coverage

Poor dominance

Pilot pollution

Missing neighbors

Problems

Fast change of RF conditions usually causes drop calls, e.g. turning a corner.

Poor RSCP & Ec/Io

Poor Ec/Io or RTWP

UE max Tx power

many SHO events

many cells present

Appearance


Brief Introduction






Para. Optimization TargetPara. Optimization Target

To reduce access failures

To reduce drop calls

To enhance service quality

Para. optimization is an important

step after RF

optimization

Service quality and network resources utilization

will be improved after para. optimization


Parameters to be OptimizedParameters to be Optimized

CCCH power allocation para. RL maximum power para. Cell re-selection para. Intra-freq. handover para. Inter-RAT handover para. Power control para. Access power para. Other related para.

The influence caused by the cell parameters adjustment should be analyzed carefully.

Seldom adjusted

An effective way to reduce drop

calls


Brief Introduction






Regular Drive Testing Target To get benchmark of the

performance of the network and

users’ experience

To monitor the progress of on-going

optimisation activities

To validate new features of the RAN

To identify degradation in coverage

and/or increase in interference

call setup SR, call drop rate, PS

throughputs

As a result of increased traffic or changes in environment

Routine drive tests should be carried out (e.g. on monthly)


Routine Stats. Analysis Target

To benchmark network performance To monitor traffic volumes & patterns To assess impact of parameter

changes

To identify poorly performing cells

To provide triggers for network

upgrade decisions


KPI Analysis: RRC Connection setup SR

Main reasons for failed RRC connection setups:

(1) poor coverage; (2) low FACH power


KPI Analysis: CS RAB setup SR

Possible reasons for RAB Setup failures: (1) poor coverage; (2) no enough

resource


KPI Analysis: CS Drop CallsTypical reasons for drop calls: (1) poor coverage (e.g. SRB/TRB

reset); (2) Strong UL/DL interference (3) Insufficient handover area


KPI Analysis: Inter-RAT HO SR

Data discrepancies between 3G network and 2G network have direct impact on inter-RAT HO SR.

e.g. BSIC wrong configured

in 3G network


MSC/SSP/VLR

HLR/AC

GMSC/SSP

PSTNPLMNISDN

iManagerTM M2000

GENEX Nastar

GENEX Assistant

GENEX Probe

CN

Node B

Node B

Node B

RNC

RNC

Node B

Node B

Node BRNS

RNS

GENEX Probe

AGILENT

QUALCOMM

HUAWEI RNC

Professional Optimization Professional Optimization ToolsTools

Performance/alarms

/configurations/

engineering para.Capture test data

Ana

lysi

s R

esul

t sh

arin

g

RNC measurement report

RAN auto configuration console

Parameter optimization

file distribution


Summary

UMTS Network Optimization

To provide a more competitive

network for Operator

To provide better quality of

experience for Subscribers

Trade-off between optimized coverage,

capacity, quality

Ongoing optimization across network life

cycle

Thank youwww.huawei.com

01 Wcdma Rnp&Rno Conspectus

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