01 Rn31561en30gla0 Wcdma&Hspa Fundamentals Ppt

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WCDMA & HSPA Fundamentals

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The allocation of frequency bands for FDD WCDMA is specified by 3GPP in TS25.104.

3GPP release 99 specifies operating bands I and II. Release 5 specifies operating bands I, II and III. Release 6 specifies operating bands I, II, III, IV, V and VI.

Operating band I is at 2100 MHz and represents the core 3G spectrum allocation. Operating band II is at 1900 MHz and helps to satisfy the requirements of America. Operating band V is at 850 MHz and represents an extension band for future use.

Duplex spacings vary from 45 MHz for operating bands V and VI, to 400 MHz for operating band IV. Larger spacings increase the importance of treating the uplink and downlink propagation separately.

NSN supports WCDMA 2100 with RAN1.5.2.ED2, WCDMA 1900 with RAN04 (Node B software WN2.ED2) and WCDMA 850 with RAS05 (Node B software WN3).

The UARFCN identifies the RF carrier on a 200 kHz raster. The 200 kHz raster can be used for fine tuning the position of the RF carrier. Operating bands II and IV, V and VI have additional RF carrier positions defined with a different UARFCN numbering scheme.

Directed Emergency Call Inter-System Handover (EMISHO) is supported by NSN for WCDMA 1900 and 850. EMISHO allows GSM location based services to be used in American markets where there are stringent location based service requirements for emergency calls.

NSNs solution for WCDMA 2100 supports both 20 W and 40 W WPA. NSNs solution for WCDMA 1900 and 850 supports only 40 W WPA.

The majority of link budget assumptions are the same for all operating bands. Antenna gains and feeder losses tend to be lower at lower frequencies. Building penetration losses and indoor standard deviations can be assumed to be equal for each of the frequency bands although these assumptions tend to be country specific. The use of 40 W WPA for WCDMA 1900 and 850 means that downlink transmit powers are typically 3 dB greater. MHA may not be used in band V as a result of the reduced feeder loss at 850 MHz.

The air-interface propagation loss is less for the lower operating bands. In the case of Okumura-Hata, the frequency dependant terms result in approximately 12 dB difference between the WCDMA 2100 and 850 path loss figures for a specific cell range. Propagation model, clutter dependant correction factors may be assumed to increase at lower frequencies, i.e. for WCDMA 850.

The NSN Flexi WCDMA Base Station will be available for frequencies 2100 MHz, 1700 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1700/2100 MHz in the second half of 2006. In the first half of 2007, further frequencies, including 850 MHz, 900 MHz and 1900 MHz will be available, where after other frequencies will be added based on market need.

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Energy = (Power/Hz)*FrequencyBand*Time

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DL Scrambling Codes

Pseudo noise codes used for cell separation

512 Primary Scrambling Codes

UL Scrambling Codes

Two different types of UL scrambling codes are generated

Long scrambling codes of length of 38 400 chips = 10 ms radio frame

Short scrambling codes of length of 256 chips are periodically repeated to get the scrambling code of the frame length

Short codes enable advanced receiver structures in future

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My Notes:

Here in DL, SC is used to differentiate between different cells.

So Pilot, Broadcast, user channels are all multiplexed to one scrambling code.

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Walsh-Hadamard codes: orthogonal variable spreading factor codes (OVSF codes)

SF for the DL transmission in FDD mode = {4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512}

SF for the UL transmission in FDD mode = {4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256}

Good orthogonality properties: cross correlation value for each code pair in the code set equals 0

In theoretical environment users of one cell do not interfere each other in DL

In practical multipath environment orthogonality is partly lost Interference between users of same cell

Orthogonal codes are suited for channel separation, where synchronisation between different channels can be guaranteed

Downlink channels under one cell

Uplink channels from a single user

Orthogonal codes have bad auto correlation properties and thus not suited in an asynchronous environment

Scrambling code required to separate signals between cells in DL and users in UL

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Rb_phy includes DPDCH (User data + L3 control) + Error protection + DPCCH (L1 control)

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Code is the combines scrambling (cell 1 or 2) and spreading code (physical channel)

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Here there is no DL data channel, so it is only control channel; thus it is transmitted for several users at same time on F-DPCH (DL)

The sent data is TPC, which controls UL power for UL DPDCH & UL DPCCH

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Power Management/Control for E-DCH No special power management/control mechanism is needed for E-DCH.

Power Control: DPDCH & DPCCH The initial UL DPCCH transmit power is set by higher layers. Subsequently the UL transmit power control procedure simultaneously controls the power of a DPCCH & its corresponding DPDCHs (if present). The relative transmit power offset between DPCCH & DPDCHs is determined by the network and is computed using the gain factors signalled to the UE using higher layer signalling. The operation of the inner power control loop, adjusts the power of the DPCCH & DPDCHs by the same amount, provided there are no changes in gain factors. ...

Setting of the UL E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH powers relative to DPCCH power.

The power of the E-DPCCH and the E-DPDCH(s) is set in relation to the DPCCH. For this purpose, gain factors are used for scaling the UL channels relative to each other.

During the operation of the UL power control procedure the UE transmit power shall not exceed a max. allowed value which is the lower out of the max. output power of the terminal power class and a value which may be set by higher layer signalling.

UL power control shall be performed while the UE transmit power is below the max. allowed output power.

Achievable data rate is limited by the code configurations as shown in the table and by the available uplink TX power.

The latter could be limited by the UE itself (Ptx,maxUE) or by parameter (maxPtx,cell)

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The uplink is restricted to Single Carrier HSUPA (SC-HSUPA)

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The uplink is restricted to Single Carrier HSUPA (SC-HSUPA)

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HSDPA

HSDPA stands for High Speed Downlink Packet Access. As the name suggests, this is a piece of UMTS functionality designed to deliver downlink packet data at very high data rates. It is a release 5 feature. It achieves its aim by using the following techniques:

Use of shared channel concept Rather than constantly allocating and deallocating dedicated channels to individual users, users share a high bandwidth channel the HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel). This allows the system to operate with a fat pipe

01 Rn31561en30gla0 Wcdma&Hspa Fundamentals Ppt

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