01 Ra45351en08gla1 Ras Overview Ru40

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For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved. RA45351EN08GLA1

Radio Access System Overview RU40 Release

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For internal use


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For internal use


Content

RAN Architecture and Interfaces

RAN Functionalities

NSN RAN Roadmaps

NSN RAN Solution

RAN Operation and Management

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For internal use


UMTS Generic Architecture

CN

BSS

UE

UTRAN

PS-Domain

CS-Domain

RNS

EI

R HS

S

VL

R

PDN/

Internet

VLR

PSTN

U

m

Uu

Abi

s

A

A

IuC

S

Gb Gs

F D C

PSTN

Gf Gc

Gn

Gp

Nc

Mc Mc

Nb

PST

N

Nc E G

IuP

S

Iur

USIM

IuC

S

Gr

Gi

PST

N

PST

N

SIM

C

u

GERAN

BSC BT

S

Node

B

RNC SGSN

GGS

N

MG

W

MSS

MS

S

MG

W

GMS

S

Iub

IMS

Go

Other

PLMN

BG

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For internal use


UMTS Generic Architecture, cont.

The general idea in UMTS is to harmonise the CN with GSM/GPRS as much as possible. This can be done since there is no major difference in how subscribers or charging are handled in both systems. Therefore, CN is constituted of a Circuit Switched (CS) domain and a Packet Switched (PS) domain which have the same main elements as is GSM/GPRS beside the CN common elements.

The biggest change is in the UMTS Radio Access Network that introduces several new functions and a totally new air interface. The Radio Access Network is controlled by a Radio Network Controller (RNC), unlike the Base Station Controller (BSC) in a GSM network. In the 3GPP specification, the WCDMA BTS is referred to as Node B.

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For internal use


RAN Architecture and Interfaces

Iub

Iur Iu-BC

Iu-CS Iu-PS ADIF*

Iu-PC

O&M

MSS/MG

W SGS

N

A-GPS Server

SAS RNC RNC CBC

Node

B

UE

Uu

RNS

* Proprietary interface

NetAc

t

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For internal use


RAN Architecture and Interfaces, cont.

WCDMA Radio Access Network (WCDMA RAN)

WCDMA RAN consists of one or more Radio Network Subsystem (RNS) where each RNS is constructed by a Radio Network Controller (RNC) and its controlled Node Bs. The main function of WCDMA RAN is handling all radio-related functionalities and managing radio resources in a 3G network. In addition, WCDMA RAN also handles telecommunication management for Circuit-switched and Packet-Switched traffic in a 3G network.

The standardised interface between RNCs is called Iur, and interface RNC Node Bs is called Iub.

Operation Support System

Operations Support System (OSS) is common for both 2G and 3G networks. The same management system is used for managing both the network and the services provided. In the NSN 3G solution, NetAct Framework is used for this task. The O&M interface toward OSS, called Network Interface for 3rd Generation Network (NWI3), is a CORBA based interface.

Core Network

Core Network (CN) is responsible for routing calls, data connections or other defined services to external network as well as handling user mobility.

RAN interface toward Switching Core Network (SCN) is called Iu-CS, and it is implemented by connecting RNC to MSC Server (MSS) for control plane and to Multimedia Gateway (MGW) for user plane.

RAN interface toward Packet Core Network (PCN) is called Iu-PS, and it is implemented by connecting RNC to Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN).

RAN interface toward Cell Broadcast Center (CBC), for Cell Broadcast Service (CBS), is called Iu-BC.

RAN interface toward Positioning Center (PC), for Location Service (LCS), is called Iu-PC. It is implemented by connecting RNC to Standalone SMLC (SAS).

NSN also provides alternative solution for LCS, which is implemented by connecting RNC directly to A-GPS server. For this solution, the position calculation is done by RNC. The proprietary interface toward A-GPS server is called A-GPS Data Interface (ADIF)

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For internal use


RAN Functionalities

Transfer user data

Functions related to overall system access control

Radio channel ciphering and deciphering

Functions related to mobility

Functions related to radio resource management and control

Synchronisation

Functions related to broadcast/multicast services

Tracing

Volume reporting

RAN information Management

Functions related to MBMS

3GPP TS 25.401

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For internal use


RAN Functionalities, cont.

The following are RAN functionalities defined in 3GPP specification number TS 25.401. RAN may have more functions in newer release.

1. Transfer user data. This function provides user data transfer capability across the UTRAN between the Iu and Uu reference points.

2. Functions related to overall system access control (e.g. admission control, congestion control, system information broadcasting, etc.)

3. Radio channel ciphering and deciphering. This function is a pure computation function whereby the radio transmitted data can be protected against a non-authorised third-party.

4. Functions related to mobility (e.g. handover, SRNC relocation, positioning, NAS node selection function, shared network access control, etc.)

5. Functions related to radio resource management and control

6. Synchronisation

7. Functions related to broadcast/multicast services

8. Tracing. This function allows tracing of various events related to the UE and its activities.

9. Volume reporting. This function is used to report the volume of unacknowledged data to the CN for accounting purpose.

10.RAN information Management. This function is a generic mechanism that allows the request and transfer of information between two RAN nodes.

11.Functions related to MBMS

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For internal use


Rel.7 Packet Switched Network

2G RAN

3G RAN

BSC

RNC

SGSN

(combi

)

CG

GGSN

LIG

BG

DNS

Inter-PLMN

Network

Data

Network

(internet)

Customer

Billing

Network

Corporate

customer

network

Common

Packet Core

Infrastructure

Common

Service

Platforms

Common

Network

Management

Firewal

l

IP backbon

e

Mobile ISP

Radio Access Network access the PS Core network through SGSN. With the introduction of

Combi SGSN, both 2G and 3G RAN are connected to the same network element in the PS Core

Network. The implementation of Iu-PS over IP in RU10 allows the RNC to be directly connected

to IP backbone.

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For internal use


Functionalities Split Between Network Elements

Functionality SGSN RNC BSC

Authentication X

Interaction with HLR, MSC/VLR X

Charging and Statistics X

Interface toward OSS X X X

GTP Tunnelling X X

Radio Protocol to IP conversion X* X

Ciphering X* X

Compression X* X

Mobility Management X X**

High Capacity Routing X X

IP Telephony X X

Real-time Multimedia X X * in case of 2G RAN

** URA concept

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For internal use


Functionalities Split Between Network Elements, cont.

Some functionalities in handling packet data traffic are shifted from SGSN to RNC, e.g. Radio Protocol to IP conversion, Ciphering and Compression. Another packet data handling function, i.e. GTP tunnelling is implemented between RNC SGSN, besides SGSN GGSN.

The ciphering is done in RLC layer of radio interface protocol, while IP packet compression is handled by PDCP layer. The RAN also has mobility concept which is implemented by UTRAN Registration Area (URA) to support packet data operation.

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For internal use


Radio Resource Management

DRN

C Node

B

UE

SRN

C Node

B

CRNC functions

Admission Control

Load Control

Resource Manager

SRNC functions

Packet Scheduler

Power Control

Handover Control

Iub

Iur

Iub

Power Control,

packet scheduler

Power Control,

packet scheduler

Cell Capacity

Cell Coverage Service Quality

Optimization and Tailoring

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For internal use


Radio Resource Management, cont.

The goal of Radio Resource Management (RRM) is to ensure that the radio network capacity is used as efficiently as possible, i.e. radio access network offers high capacity, maintains the planned coverage area and the required quality of service. In WCDMA, the radio resources are defined in terms of transmission power, received wideband power, logical codes, BTS HW, Iub/Iur transport, and RNC HW.

To achieve the goal, RRM algorithms are implemented on the RAN Network Elements. They are:

Cell-based algorithms, i.e. Admission Control (AC), Packet Scheduler (PS), Load Control (LC) and Resource Manager (RM).

Connection-based algorithms, i.e. Power Control (PC) and Handover Control (HC)

In case of HSPA connection, the packet scheduler is shifted to Node B

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For internal use


WCDMA Release Roadmap

Voice and Data

HSDPA 42Mbps (Dual Cell)

HSDPA 21Mbps (64QAM)

MIMO 28 Mbps

HSUPA 5.8Mbps

Continuous Packet Connectivity

CS Voice over HSPA

Fast Dormancy (Rel8)

Interworking and RAN Evolution

LTE Interworking

Local Breakout

O&M

BTS Plug and Play

Remote RNC SW Management

Secure Element Manager Interface

Single RAN

RF Sharing /RX Diversity Sharing WCDMA-GSM

Transport

VLAN Traffic Differentiation

RU20 Available

Voice and Data

HSUPA 11Mbps (16QAM)

High Speed Cell_FACH (DL)

Advanced Receivers

Multi-Band Load balancing

O&M

Automatic License Distribution to BTS

Factory and Customer PKI

RNC Solutions

mcRNC HW Rel1RNC2600 Capacity Increase for Smartphones

Flexi BTS

Gigabit Baseband for Flexi BTS

RF Chaining

Single RAN

RF Sharing / Common MCPA WCDMA-GSM

Transport

QoS Aware Ethernet Switching

IP Transport Network Measurement

RU30 Available

Voice and Data

HSDPA 84Mbps (Dual Cell + MIMO)

Dual-Band HSDPA

High Speed Cell_FACH (DL+UL)

Fast Dormancy Profiling

Application Aware RAN

O&M

Remote Troubleshooting Evolution

Remote SW Activation with Fast Switchover

RNC Solutions

mcRNC HW Rel2

Automatic mcRNC Resource Optimization

Flexi BTS

Flexi Multiradio 10 BTS: FSMF

Active Antenna System

Single RAN

RF Sharing WCDMA-LTE

Transport

IP Transport Security

RU40 Ready for Contract

Voice and Data

HSDPA 168 Mbps (Multi Cell)

HSUPA 23 Mbps (Dual Cell)

HSDPA Multiflow

UL Tx Diversity

Conversational QoS for VoIP

High Capacity HetNets

RAN Optimized Content Delivery

O&M

Self Healing for BTS Mgmt Connection

Configurable Ranges for User Throughput Counters

RNC Solutions

RNC Pool

Multicontroller RNC Energy Saving

Flexi BTS

Flexi Lite BTS

RF Chaining with RF Sharing WCDMA-GSM

Transport

Basic Routing in BTS

RU50 Under Planning

RU40 further boosts the system performance by introducing a variety of HSPA+

features, which enable it to match 3GPP top peak rates of upto 168Mbps with Triple-

Cell with MIMO

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For internal use


All-IP Connectivity Solution in RU10

Provides 3GPP compliant IPv4 transport option for all RNC interfaces

Allows to use IP and/or Ethernet connectivity from RNC towards to

core networks (Iu-CS and Iu-PCS),

other RNCs (Iur) and

base stations (Iub)

New features available are: Gigabit Ethernet Interfaces (optical

and electrical)

IP based Iu-PS, IP based Iu-CS

IP based Iur

IP based Iub

Iub/IP Iu-PS/IP

Iur/IP

Iu-CS/IP

3G BTS

3G BTS

RNC

RNC

MGW

SGSN

Ethernet

Iu-CS/IP

IP

SCTP

M3UA

SCCP

RANAP

UDP

RTP

Iu User Plane

Iu-CS Control

Plane

Iu-CS User Plane

RTCP

Ethernet

Iu-PS/IP

IP

SCTP

M3UA

SCCP

RANAP

UDP

GTP-U

Iu User Plane

Iu-PS Control

Plane

Iu-PS User Plane

Ethernet

Iur/IP

IP

SCTP

M3UA

SCCP

RNSAP

UDP

RTP

FP Layer

Iur Control

Plane

Iur User Plane

RTCP

Ethernet

Iub/IP

IP

SCTP

NBAP

UDP

FP Layer

Iub Control

Plane

Iub User Plane

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For internal use


C-Iub: S-NB Operability in N-RNC

This feature defines the basic O&M functions in the common NBAP interface

BTS initialization

BTS logical resource management

BTS and RNC recovery Iub

NB/RSxxx RNC

Siemens eNodeB and NSN RNC

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For internal use


I-HSPA Architecture and Interface

Iur

C

Direct Tunnel SGSN

GGSN

Gn U

Gn C

Iu-ps C

Uu

C-plane

U-plane

3GPP Rel5 or later

HSPA terminal

3GPP open

air interface 3GPP open network

interface

I-HSPA is a simplified flat architecture network

Standard 3GPP packet core

RNC HSPA functionality integrated to Node B

Standard 3GPP HSPA terminal

I-HSPA is part of 3GPP R7 HSPA Evolution Work Item. It specifies

Flat PaCo: Direct Tunnel defined in SA WG2, for removing SGSN from the U-plane

Flat RAN: HSPA Evolution TR25.999 defines BTS collapsed RNC

RNC ID extension from 4096 to a higher value to allow large I-HSPA network

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For internal use


NSN Radio Access Solution

NSN provides Radio Access solution:

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

Base Station

Transmission and Transport Solution

RAN Operation and Management

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For internal use


NSN Radio Network Controller

RNAC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

1

RNBC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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38

RNC196 CS6-7


RNAC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

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RNC450 RNC2600

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38

RNC196 CS6-7


RNC196/450

New delivery in RU10/RN4.0 release

22

For internal use


NSN Radio Network Controller, cont.

Basic new delivery configuration steps in RN4.0 are:

RNC2600/900, configuration for capacity step 1

RNC2600/1450 ,configuration for capacity step 2

RNC2600/2000, configuration for capacity step 3

Feature upgrade configuration steps in RN4.0 are:

RNC196/196 configuration for RNC196 capacity step 1-5

RNC196/300 configuration for RNC196 capacity step 6





23

For internal use


RNC2600

With full configuration:

Total Iub throughput 3500(DL+UL)

2800 carriers or Node Bs connectivity

70000 Erl Iu capacity

Full load sharing, regardless cabinet or subrack

Scalability through hardware configuration and capacity

licensing

Upgrade path is available for RNC450

Upgradeable to support RU40

24

For internal use


Nokia Siemens Networks WCDMA Base Station

MetroSite

FlexiBTS

UltraSite

3G

MetroSite

MetroSite50

Optima

Indoor

Flexi

WCDMA

BTS

Optima Compact

Outdoor

Supreme

Indoor

Supreme

Outdoor Triple Mode

@vantage Node B

NB880 (indoor)

25

For internal use


Flexi WCDMA BTS Rel.2 HW

Flexi BTS multimode system module is also prepared for LTE evolution with a SW upgrade.

High capacity system module

FSMC with 240 CEs

FSMD with 576 CEs

FSME with 912 CEs

FSMF with 1680 CEs (with 2 FBBAs)

Can be used as capacity extension for Rel.1 HW (FSMB)

Transmission sub module FTIB to support All-IP transport and Timing over Packet (TOPA)

Transmission sub module FTLB to support I-HSPA

FRGQ,FHDA,2TX RRH, support configuration:

- 4@20W / 3@20W

- 2@40W / 1@40W

- MIMO with Single RRH up to 4 MIMO layers with 30W

FRGP, FXDA,FRIE,FXCA,FXFA,FXEA triple RF Modules, support configuration:

4+4+4@ 15W / 3+3+3 @ 20W

2+2+2@ 30W / 1+1+1@ 60W.

MIMO with 2 Triple RFMs up to 4 MIMO layers with 30W

RX dirversity sharing across modules

26

For internal use


RAN Transmission and Transport

SDH/

PDH ATM

IP IP

AT

M

WBTS

WBTS

RNC

OSS

Ethernet

OAM

CoCo

MGW

SGSN

WBTS

RAN supports different transport solution, i.e. ATM and IP. Both types are possible to be

used independently for signalling or user plane, even used toward the same network

element in RAN (called hybrid transport)

27

For internal use


Transmission and Transport Solution

Standalone AXC (S-AXC) is ATM transmission node.

One subrack (on the figure) supports 2 x 1.2 Gbps of switching capacity.

Various interface unit are available

Short to long hop length Various frequency band: 6, 7, 8,

13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 28, 32, 38 and 58 GHz

PDH radio SDH radio (PowerHopper) Various indoor unit type: FIU19,

IFUE or FXC-RRI

Flexbus interface

PowerHopp

er FlexiHopper

Standalone

AXC

28

For internal use


NetAct Framework

Reporter

Network

Administrator

3rd party tools

Rating & Charging

Unified Mediation and Adaptation

Service Quality Manager

Monitor

Configurator & Provisioning

Planner

Workflow Manager

2G GPRS 3G EDGE 1G Fixed NW

4G

29

For internal use


NetAct Framework, cont.

The new NSN OSS product architecture provides a lot of benefits to the service provider. The

separation of the element management from network and service management allows for fast

adaptation to new network technologies and new releases of network elements. This kind of

architecture is capable of supporting any combination of network technologies. The main

principle is that current and new systems and applications can co-exits smoothly in the same

network.

Highlights of the NetAct Framework:

1. 3rd party tools: Building blocks allow the use of 3rd party products as an integrated part of

OSS.

2. Common Network Topology: Access to OSS data is available through open interfaces. This

enables the integration to other OSS/IT systems.

3. The use of a CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) based message bus

allows peer-to-peer communication within the OSS.

4. Common WEB-GUI (Graphical User Interface):

user access via Web interface

application location transparent to the users

all user interface applications work on network level

5. Management applications are developed separately as system components which are based

on operator processes.

30

For internal use


Top Level User Interface

31

For internal use


Top Level User Interface, cont.

Presents a graphical, hierarchical view of the network or part of the network

General alarm situation of managed objects can be viewed.

Uses pop-up menus for a variety of applications

Activates also other Nokia NetAct applications.

The users can easily create and tailor the view hierarchy as well as the contents of the views.

32

For internal use


RAN Configuration Management

Radio Access Network

Radio network planning tool

3rd party planning

tool

CM Plan Manager: Import & Export Plans

Plan management in NetAct

CM Editor: Edit Plans

Radio network planning

CM Provisioner: Activate & Download Plans

NetAct provides a web site for RNW plans: Storage Edit Download, activate

and rollback Upload actual

configuration

RNW plan in XML format

WBTS

MGW WBTS

WBTS

RNC

OSS Database

Nokia NetAct Planner

intranet

CM Editor: Edit Plans

33

For internal use


RAN Configuration Management, cont.

The NetAct solution supports the capability to plan the RAN with NetAct Planner or a

3rd party planning tool. The plan is transferred to NetAct electronically and the

planned parameters, settings and software are downloaded to the actual network

equipment. Storing the plan for later use is also possible.

The main advantages of the NSN tools for RAN network development are:

Faster planning and implementation of network coverage provides for an early

launch of service.

Less manual work and site visits are required to put parameters into network

elements. This results in fewer errors and an improved effectiveness.

Optimised infrastructure investments and improved network quality can be

achieved by analysing the network behaviour, performance and usage

01 Ra45351en08gla1 Ras Overview Ru40

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