01 Ra41211en40gla0 Rl40 Overview

1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41211EN40GLA0

LTE Functionalities and Features Overview LTE Radio Parameters RL40


1. LTE Functionalities & Features Overview

2. Parameters Structure & SIBs

3. Physical Channel Configuration & Random Access

4. UE State Handling

5. Bearer Management

6. Admission Control

7. Power Control & Power Setting

8. Adaptive Modulation & Coding

9. MIMO Mode Control

10. Idle Mode Mobility

11.Connected Mode Mobility

12.Scheduler

13.SON

Contents


LTE/EPC Network Elements

Main references to architecture in 3GPP specs.: TS23.401,TS23.402,TS36.300

LTE-UE

Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN)

MME S10

S6a

Serving

Gateway

S1-U

S11

PDN

Gateway

PDN

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

PCRF

S7 Rx+

SGi S5/S8

Evolved Node B

(eNB)

X2

LTE-Uu

HSS

Mobility

Management

Entity Policy &

Charging Rule

Function

S-GW /P-GW

eNB


LTE Radio Interface and the X2 Interface

LTE-Uu interface

Air interface of LTE

Based on OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL

FDD and TDD duplex methods

Scalable bandwidth 1.4MHz to currently 20 MHz

X2 interface

Inter eNB interface

X2AP: special signalling protocol

Functionalities:

For an inter- eNB HO to facilitate handover and provide data forwarding.

In RRM to provide e.g. load information to neighbouring eNBs to facilitate interference management

Logical interface: It does not need direct site-to-site connection, i.e. it can be routed via core network as well

(E)-RRC User PDUs User PDUs

PDCP

..

RLC

MAC

LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)

TS 36.300

eNB

LTE-Uu

eNB

X2

User PDUs

GTP-U

UDP

IP

L1/L2

TS 36.424

X2-UP

(User Plane) X2-CP

(Control Plane)

X2-AP

SCTP

IP

L1/L2 TS 36.421

TS 36.422

TS 36.423

TS 36.421

TS 36.420


S1-MME & S1-U Interfaces

S1-MME interface

Control interface between eNB and MME

S1AP:S1 Application Protocol

MME and UE will exchange non-access stratum signaling via eNB through this interface ( i.e. authentication, tracking area updates)

S1-U interface

User plane interface between eNB and serving gateway

Pure user data interface (U=User plane)

MME

Serving

Gateway

S1-MME

(Control Plane)

S1-U

(User Plane)

NAS Protocols

S1-AP

SCTP

IP

L1/L2

User PDUs

GTP-U

UDP

IP

L1/L2

TS 36.411

TS 36.411

TS 36.412

TS 36.413

TS 36.414

TS 36.410

[currently in TS 36.300 19]

eNB

S1 interface is divided into two parts:


Physical Layer Technologies

Downlink: OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access).

Uplink: SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access).

Both FDD and TDD modes available.

Subcarrier spacing 15 kHz.

Scalable bandwidth.

FDD Carrier Bandwidth

[MHz]

Number of Resource

Blocks

1.4 6

3 15

5 25

10 50

15 75

20 100

FDD with 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz Bandwidth

supported in RL40


7 symbols (0.5 ms)

12 s

ubcarr

iers

(1

80 k

Hz)

Symbol rate = 168 ksps

QPSK => 2 bits per symbol => 336 kbps

16QAM => 4 bits per symbol => 672 kbps

64QAM => 6 bits per symbol => 1.008 Mbps

Resource Block (RB)

Basic unit of resource

12 subcarriers wide in the frequency domain

7 symbols long in the time domain

Thus, 84 symbols per resource block

Bit Rate per Resource Block depends upon modulation scheme

Exercise - Theoretical RB Capacity (normal cyclic prefix case)

Bit Rates per

Resource Block

Based upon 3GPP TS 36.211

TTI is 1 ms, i.e. duration of 2 resource blocks


Channel Bandwidth

1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz

QPSK 2.016 5.040 8.400 16.800 25.200 33.600

16QAM 4.032 10.080 16.800 33.600 50.400 67.200

64QAM 6.048 15.120 25.200 50.400 75.600 100.800

64QAM (22 MIMO) 12.096 30.240 50.400 100.800 151.200 201.600

64QAM (44 MIMO) 24.192 60.480 100.800 201.600 302.400 403.200

Bit Rates per Resource Block Number of Resource Blocks

These bit rates are applicable to the bottom of the Physical Layer, i.e. coding rate has not been taken into account

Also requirement to account for the overheads generated by Reference and Synchronisation Signals + other Physical Channels

Exercise - Theoretical LTE Bit Rates - Downlink

Figures in Mbps


LTE Peak Layer 1 Data Rates

Downlink: Peak Rate 172 Mbps with 2x2 MIMO and 20 MHz

Modulation coding 1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz

QPSK 1/2 Single stream 0.7 2.1 3.5 7.0 10.6 14.1

16QAM 1/2 Single stream 1.4 4.1 7.0 14.1 21.2 28.3




64QAM 3/4 2x2 MIMO 6.6 18.9 31.9 64.3 96.7 129.1

64QAM 1/1 2x2 MIMO 8.8 25.3 42.5 85.7 128.9 172.1

64QAM 1/1 4x4 MIMO 16.6 47.7 80.3 161.9 243.5 325.1

Modulation coding 1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz

QPSK 1/2 Single stream 0.7 2.0 3.5 7.1 10.8 14.3






64QAM 1/1 V-MIMO (cell) 8.6 24.2 41.5 84.7 129.6 171.1

20 MHz

Uplink: Peak Rate 57 Mbps with 20 MHz and 16QAM


LTE UE Categories

All categories support 20 MHz 64QAM mandatory in downlink, but not in uplink (except Class 5) 2x2 MIMO mandatory in other classes except Class 1 Class 6,7 &8 added for R10

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps

100/50 Mbps

150/50 Mbps

299/75 Mbps

Peak rate DL/UL

20 MHz RF bandwidth

20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

64QAM Modulation DL

64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

16QAM Modulation UL

16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM

Yes Rx diversity Yes Yes Yes Yes

Optional MIMO DL 2x2 4x4 2x2 2x2

Class 6 Class 7 Class 8

301/50 Mbps

301/102 Mbps

3000/1500 Mbps

20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

64QAM 16QAM 16QAM

Yes Yes Yes

8x8 2x2 or 4x4 2x2 or 4x4


RRM Framework

UE scope:Handover control, power control, Adaptive Modulation and Coding, outer link quality control, MIMO

Cell scope:Radio Admission Control, Congestion Control

eNode B scope: Packet Scheduler (cell scope for simpler implementation)

RAN scope:Load Balancing

Multi-RAT scope: Interworking with GSM/EDGE, UMTS and CDMA2000, inter-RAT HO


RRM Framework

Radio Admission Control : Admission control will be encharged of deciding when new users (or mobility users) are allowed to establish bearers in the cell

Handover control: is encharged of the mobility control within the LTE RRM. Based on UE reported events it will select the appropriate target cell for HO and initiate mobility procedures.

Packet Scheduler: Is encharged of UL and DL scheduling every TTI and resource allocation. PS will decide which users are scheduled on a TTI basis, the location and the amount of resources allocated to each user.

AMC (OLQC, OLLA) : AMC will perform link adaptation tasks to ensure radio resources are used in the most effiecient way possible.

MIMO: This module is encharged of selecting whether Transmit diversity, Spatial multiplexing or dynamic switching between previous two modes will be emplyed for every user based on UE feedback

Power control: For DL it will be a semi static configuration but for UL RRM will provide feedback for closed loop power control to reduce UL interference.

Functional Description of the different RRM Modules


Layer 3 RRM

Connection Mobility Control

Layer 2 RRM

Time Scale

Call Duration

Interhandover Time

Channel Fading Time

Burst or Packet Duration

Traffic, Channel and Location Variations

Radio Admission Control

Fast DL AMC

1 ms

10 ms

100 ms

1 s

10 s

100 s

Load Balancing , Congestion Control

Packet Scheduling (UL/DL), fast ATB ATB = Adaptive Transmission Bandwidth

L3 Signaling Delay

Slow UL Power Control (open/closed

Loop)

Outer Link Quality Control (OLQC)

UE DRX/DTX

Control

LTE TTI

Slow UL LA/AMC, Slow UL ATB

Dynamic MIMO Control

RRM Framework: Time Scale of RRM Functions


RL10 Features BTS Site Solution

LTE74 Flexi System Module FSMD

LTE86 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 2100

LTE88 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 900*

LTE99 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1.7/2.1

LTE101 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1800*

LTE437 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 800EU*

LTE547 Flexi RRH 2 TX 800EU*

LTE76 Flexi BTS legacy MHA Support

LTE94 Feederless Site

LTE97 Cell range 77 km

LTE155 Flexi BTS 3rd party MHA Support

LTE899 Antenna Line Supervision

LTE900 Flexi LTE BTS 40W Power Support

LTE903 Flexi LTE BTS 60W Power Support

LTE904 Branch Activation in Triple RF Module

Transport

LTE129 Traffic prioritization on Ethernet layer

LTE131 Traffic prioritization on IP layer (Diffserv)

LTE138 Traffic shaping (UL)

LTE707 Flexi Transport sub-module FTIB

LTE710 Synchronization from PDH interface

LTE711 Synchronization from 2.048MHz signal

LTE875 Different IP addresses for U/C/M/S-plan

LTE132 VLAN based traffic differentiation

LTE134 Timing over Packet

LTE713 Synchronous Ethernet

RRM/Telecom LTE70 Downlink adaptive open loop MIMO for two antennas

LTE1 S1/X2 data path management

LTE3 S1, X2 and RRC common signaling

LTE5 Radio bearer and S1 bearer establishment and

release

LTE20 Admission control

LTE27 Open loop UL power control and DL power setting

LTE28 Closed loop UL power control

LTE30 CQI adaption (DL)

LTE31 Link adaptation by AMC (UL/DL)

LTE37 Ciphering

LTE38 Integrity protection

LTE39 System information broadcast

LTE40 Physical & transport channels

LTE41 PDCP, RLC & MAC support

LTE45 Fair scheduler (UL/DL)

LTE49 Paging

LTE50 UE state management

LTE51 Cell selection and re-selection

LTE53 Intra and inter eNB handover with X2

LTE69 Transmit diversity for two antennas

LTE788 Support of 16 QAM (UL)

LTE187 Single TX path mode

LTE423 RRC connection release with redirect

LTE747 Support of UE radio capabilities

LTE749 Link adaptation for PDCCH

LTE761 Advanced target cell selection and handover retry for

intra frequency handover

LTE762 Idle mode mobility from LTE to WCDMA, GSM or

other LTE bands

LTE767 Support of aperiodic CQI reports

LTE43 Support of 64 QAM in DL

LTE793 Support of 16 QAM (DL)


RL20 Features BTS Site Solution

LTE113 Cell Bandwidth - 15 MHz LTE447 SW support for RF sharing GSM-LTE

LTE101 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1800

LTE104 Flexi RRH 2TX 1800

LTE677 Flexi 1600 MHz RF solution

Transport

LTE140 Ethernet OAM

LTE491 FlexiPacket Radio Connectivity

LTE649 QoS aware Ethernet switching

LTE564 IPSec on FTIB

LTE592 Link Supervision with BFD

LTE775 SCTP multi-homing (MME)

RRM/Telecom

LTE2 S1 Flex

LTE4 Multi-Operator Core Network

LTE7 Support of multiple EPS bearer

LTE9 Service differentiation

LTE10 EPS bearers for conversational voice

LTE11 Robust header compression

LTE13 Rate capping

LTE22 Emergency call handling

LTE54 Intra-LTE handover via S1

LTE55 Inter-frequency handover

LTE562 CSFB to UTRAN or GSM via redirect

LTE703 DL adaptive closed loop MIMO for two antennas

LTE819 DL inter-cell interference generation

LTE870 Idle mode mobility from LTE to CDMA/eHRPD

LTE914 Graceful cell shut down Operability

LTE492 ANR

LTE185 System Upgrade

LTE475 Automatic iOMS resiliency

LTE559 SW Monitoring Module for LTE

LTE830 LTE Automatic Lock

LTE502 Cell Outage triggered reset

LTE163 Subscriber and Equipment Trace

LTE433 Cell Trace

LTE667 LTE User Event Log Management

LTE796 iOMS connectivity increase

Performance Monitoring

LTE805 PM Counter Capacity I


RL30 Features

Operability LTE424: Automatic interface alarm correlation

LTE459: LTE Timing Advance Evaluation

LTE482: DNS Support for Certificate Examination

LTE510: Synchronization of InterRAT Neighbors

LTE533: Mobility Robustness

LTE581: PRACH management

LTE602: Performance Management Administration

LTE644: Configurable cell trace content

LTE771: Optimization of neighbor relations

LTE782: ANR Fully UE based Automated Neighbor Relation

LTE783: ANR InterRAT UTRAN

LTE784: ANR InterRAT GERAN Automated Neighbor Relation

LTE882: System Upgrade with Backward Compatibility

BTS Site Solution LTE89: Flexi RRH 2TX 2600 Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE RF

LTE91: Flexi RRH 2TX 850 Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE RF

LTE106: 6 Cells support with one System Module

LTE452: Flexi RRH 2TX 2100 Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE RF

LTE614: Distributed Site Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE

LTE921: Flexi 3-sector RF Module 760

LTE977: RF chaining Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE

LTE1101: FFCB TRS External Filter for FHCA

LTE1106: Flexi low power RRH 850 2TX for optical repeater interface

LTE0570 Periodic UE measurements

LTE0042 Support of DRX in RRC connected mode

LTE0056 Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA

LTE0068 Support of Cell Based Location Service

LTE0426 System Time Broadcast for SIB8

LTE0430 DL power boosting for control channels

LTE0442 Network Assisted Cell Change to GSM

LTE0450 MME capacity value change

LTE0473 Extended DRX Settings

LTE0490 Subscriber Profile Based Mobility

LTE0518 Operator specifc QCI

LTE0522 S1 Partial Reset

LTE0571 Controlled uplink packet segmentation

LTE0572 IMS emergency session

LTE0616 Usage Based PDCCH adaptation

LTE0619 Interference aware UL scheduling

LTE0735 RRC Connection Reestablishment

LTE0807 Idle Mode Mobility From LTE To CDMA/1xRTTI

LTE0829 Increased UL MCS Range

LTE0971 Intra-LTE mobility offsets

LTE1034 Extended Uplink Link Adaption

LTE1035 Outer Loop Link Adaptation for PDCCH

RRM/Telecom

LTE144: Transport admission control

LTE574: IP Transport Network Measurements

LTE931: Ethernet Jumbo Frames LTE Transport

LTE866: Fast IP Rerouting

Transport


RL40 New Features

Operability LTE0162 Cell trace with IMSI

LTE0593 Security for Ethernet Ports on FCT/FSM3

LTE0622 Local Link Layer Security

LTE0623 Crypto Agent

LTE0877 Adjustable Performance Upload

LTE0940 SW Verification Agent

LTE0953 MDT (Minimization of Drive Test)

LTE1045 Full SON Support for distributed sites

LTE1078 System Upgrade with Backward Compatibility

LTE1340 Trace-based Real Time Monitoring

BTS Site Solution LTE0179 Dual Band with One System Module

LTE0621 Multiradio System Module basic LTE configurations

LTE0763 FXFA Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1900

LTE0947 Flexi Multimode System Module FSMF

LTE0949 Flexi power distribution sub-module FPFD

LTE0950 Flexi power distribution sub-module FPFC

LTE1040 FXEB RF Module 1800 MHz, 90 W

LTE1072 Flexi Lite 750

LTE0046 Channel Aware Scheduler (UL)

LTE0048 Support of high speed users

LTE0440 S1 Overload Handling

LTE0494 Commercial Mobile Alert System

LTE0495 OTDOA

LTE0496 Support of QCI 2, 3, and 4

LTE0497 Smart admission control

LTE0519 eRAB modification

LTE0534 ARP based admission control

LTE0587 Multiple GBR EPS bearers per UE

LTE0736 CS fallback to UTRAN

LTE0843 ETWS broadcast

LTE0872 SRVCC to WCDMA

LTE0873 SRVCC to GSM

LTE0979 IRC for 2 RX paths

LTE0984 GSM redirect with system information

LTE1014 X2 eNode B configuration update

LTE1073 Measurement based redirect

LTE1387 Intra-eNB Inter-frequency Load balancing

RRM/Telecom

LTE0612 Synchronization Hub

LTE0628 Flexi Transport submodule FTIF

Transport


UL Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP)

UL MU-MIMO (4RX)

Interference Coordination (eICIC)

FDD-TDD Handover

SON- Energy Savings

Timing over Packet with Phase Synch

LTE (FDD) Roadmap Overview

RL20 Quality of Service

Network & RF Sharing

Interference Aware Scheduling

UE Power Saving (DRX)

Operator Specific QCIs

Subscriber Profile Based Mobility

Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA

NACC to GSM

SON-ANR Fully UE Based

SON-Inter RAT ANR

SON-Optimization Neighbor Relations

SON-Automatic Alarm Correlation

SON-Mobility Robustness (MRO)

Up to 6 Cells per Flexi BTS

Fast IP Rerouting

Frequency Bands:

760 MHz

2008 2009 2010 2007 2Q/2011 4Q/20112 3Q/13 & 2014 01/2011

Channel Aware Scheduler (UL)

Smart DRX

Smart Admission Control

OTDOA Location Service

CS Fallback Enhancements

SRVCC to WCDMA / GSM

SON-Minimization of Drive Tests

SON Reports

Time Based Power Saving

Flexi Multiradio System Module

Flexi Lite BTS

4-way RX Diversity

Interference Rejection Combining

Synchronization Hub

Intra-eNB Inter-frequency Load balancing

Frequency Bands:

1900 MHz 900 MHz

RL30 Network Operations

Enhanced IRAT Mobility

RL40 Network Capacity

Smart Phones

Fair & QoS Aware Scheduling

Voice over LTE Solution Service Differentiation Rate Capping Intra LTE Mobility

Inter RAT Mobility (Re-Selection)

Multi-Operator Core Network

Multiple EPS Bearers

CS Fallback

SON-BTS Auto Connectivity

SON-BTS Auto Configuration

SON-Central ANR

SON-Self Healing

Trace Solution

RF Sharing GSM - LTE

QoS Aware Ethernet Switching

Ethernet OAM

Flexi Packet Radio Connectivity

Frequency Bands:

2600, 2100 and 1800 MHz 1700/2100 and 1600 MHz 800EU, 850 and 730 MHz

Carrier Aggregation

MIMO 4x2

Flexi RF Module 6TX

Load Balancing

SON-MRO Evolution

Real Time Monitoring

High Capacity Site Configurations

IPv6

Frequency Bands (MHz):

700 APT

Under Planning Contract Available Study Item

RL50 LTE - Advanced

Carrier Aggregation

RL60 LTE - Advanced

Dec 2012


LTE (FDD) RRM & Telecom Roadmap (06.2013)

Network Architecture

S1 Overload Handling

RAN Sharing

Services

ETWS / CMAS

GBR QoS Package

QCI 2, 3 and 4

ARP at Admission Control

Smart Admission Control

Multiple GBR Bearers

eRAB Modification

OTDOA Location Services

Capacity / Coverage

Channel Aware Scheduler (UL)

Interference Rejection Combining

(IRC)

Mobility

SRVCC to WCDMA / GSM

CS Fallback Enhancements

Intra eNB Inter-Frequency Load

Balancing

High Speed User

RL40 Available

Services

Smart DRX

Capacity / Coverage

Downlink Carrier Aggregation 20

MHz

TTI Bundling

MIMO 4x2

IRC for 4 RX Paths

Reduced Uplink Bandwidth

Super Cell

Mobility

Inter eNB Inter-Frequency Load

Balancing

Idle Mode Load Balancing

FDD TDD Handover

Home eNode B Mobility

RL50 Ready for Contract

Services

Cell Resource Groups

Multimedia Priority Service

Capacity / Coverage

Downlink Carrier Aggregation 40

MHz

UL Intra eNB CoMP

Interference Aware Uplink Power

Control

C-Plane Overload Handling

Mobility

RAN Information Management

Support

Inter RAT Handover from WCDMA

eCS Fallback to CDMA/1xRTT

Inter RAT Handover to eHRPD

RL60 Under Planning

Study Items

Multiband Carrier Aggregation

(3CC)

eICIC

Liquid Cell

eMBMS

Future Releases Study Items beyond RL60


LTE (FDD) Operability & SON Roadmap (06.2013)

Management Features

Adjustable Performance Upload

Cell Trace with IMSI

Data Collector Suite

Security

Local Link Layer Security

Crypto Agent

SW Verification Agent*

Self-Optimization

Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT)

SON Reports

SON Automation Modes

*RL40 Maintenance Release

RL40 Available

Security

Certificate Enrolment (Rel9) & Multilayer Certificates

Self-Configuration

Cell-Specific Neighbor Relation / PCI Handling

Self-Optimization

RACH Optimization

Inter RAT Neighbor Relation Optimization

RL50 Ready for Contract

Management Features

BTS Diagnostics Toolkit

Real Time KPI -Monitoring

Security

Revocation Management

Self-Optimization

Inter Frequency ANR UE based

RL60 Under Planning

SON SON SON

Study Items

MDT Enhancements

Inter RAT MRO

Energy Efficiency

Future Releases Study Items beyond RL60

01 Ra41211en40gla0 Rl40 Overview

Documents

Transcript of 01 Ra41211en40gla0 Rl40 Overview