01 Pakistan Waseem[1]

8/3/2019 01 Pakistan Waseem[1]

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Patternsof ConfliCtin

Pakistan: imPliCationsfor

PoliCy

atBrookings

the Brookings ProjeCton

u.s. relationsWiththe islamiC WorlD

Mohammad Waseem

W O R K I N G P A P E RNumber 5, January 2011


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M W

Patternsof ConfliCtin

Pakistan: imPliCationsfor

PoliCy

atBrookings

the Brookings ProjeCton

U.s. relationswiththe islamiC world

W O R K I N G P A P E RNumber 5, January 2011


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Patterns o f Co n f l i C t in Pakistan : imPliCat ions fo r Po l i C y

the saBan Ce n t e r f or m i d d l e eas t Po l i C yat Brookings

i i

Project on U.S. Relations with the IslamicWorld (IWR) W P -- IWR . W -

q. A B , W P -

S C, B I-

, I .

A IWR W P ../

, . O IWR W P-

:

Te Conquest o Muslim Hearts and Minds? Perspectives on U.S. Re-orm and Public Diplomacy Strategies A -A

Arab and American Tink anks: New Possibilities or Cooperation?New Engines or Reorm? Ezz I

Te Interplay Between U.S. Foreign Policy And Political Islam InPost-Soeharto Indonesia M. S A

Reormist Islam versus Radical Islam in Iran Mz K


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i i i

Executive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Pakistan: An Establishment in Crisis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

P: R-z S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3A M S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

A P-M S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

P D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Islamic Discourse and Militancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

C M D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

I Oz S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Regional Factors and the U.S.-Pakistan Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13R F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

D A: T U.S. P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Conclusion and Policy Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

able o Contents


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I, 1971,

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1980 1990 .

Executive Summary


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v

H R C N D, B

C F L, A P-

S A F W, DC.

M , F F F

P U.S. R I W

B I,

. H Democ-ratization in Pakistan: A Study o the 2002 Elections,Te 1993 Elections in Pakistan, Politics and theState in Pakistan. H - StrengtheningDemocracy in Pakistan Electoral Reormin Pakistan.

Mohammad Waseem P S- D H S

S L U M S-

(LUMS). H C I-

R D Q--Az U-

I S

O A S U L. H S

P P, F F N C

S P B I,

F F F O, DAAD F-

U H, F F-

C U, F I

About the Author


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1

introdUCtion

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1 Mz Azz,Military Control in Pakistan: Te Parallel State(N Y: R, 2008).2 S S P C, Te Idea o Pakistan (L: V B, 2005), 269-288.


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http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-hughes/balkanizing-pakistan-a-co_b_635950.htmlhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-hughes/balkanizing-pakistan-a-co_b_635950.htmlhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-hughes/balkanizing-pakistan-a-co_b_635950.htmlhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-hughes/balkanizing-pakistan-a-co_b_635950.html


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3

Pakistan : an estaBlishment in Crisis

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5 M W, C P: T C P D, Diogenes53, . 4 (N 2006): 104-7.


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4

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6 Y, P M P: T R C-M S, N I: P I,, South Asia: Journal o South Asian Studies18, . S1 (1995): 178.

7 K.B. S, Te Political System o Pakistan (B: H Mf, 1967), 62-63.8 P R. N, B A: P, I P J, Routledge Handbook o South Asian Politics: India,

Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal, . P R. B (N Y: R, 2010), 182-83.


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10 H K, Constitutional and Political History o Pakistan (K: O U P, 2001), 867.11 T (8 17) 1985 2003, .12 T A K 1962, Z--Hq 1984, M 2002.13 S M W, Democratization in Pakistan: A Study o the 2002 Elections(N Y: O U P, 2006), 194-95.14 T S C N A 1958, 1977, 1988, 1990, 1996, 1999.


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17 S S V Rz N, Te Vanguard o the Islamic Revolution: the Jamaat-i Islami o Pakistan (L: I. B. , 1994), 220-22.18 M F, E I: T M C E, Survival49, . 2 (J 2007): 81.19 T H. J M. C M, N S B F: U P-A F, International

Security32, . 4 (S 2008): 70.20 R W C G, B M: A L E M P (W P 2,

C U E B, W, DC, J 2010), 27, .
http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2010/06_pakistan_education_winthrop/06_pakistan_education_winthrop.pdfhttp://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2010/06_pakistan_education_winthrop/06_pakistan_education_winthrop.pdfhttp://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2010/06_pakistan_education_winthrop/06_pakistan_education_winthrop.pdfhttp://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2010/06_pakistan_education_winthrop/06_pakistan_education_winthrop.pdf


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26 I C G, P: C M FAA (A R N 178, O 21, 2009), 2-4, .

27 H A, T B- B: T R NSM P, Pakistans roubled Frontier, . H A (W,DC: T J F, 2009), 227-28.

28 A Sq, J P: T E F,Journal o International Afairs63, . 1 (F/W 2009): 4-6.29 K. A K, P: K C I D (CRS R C, C R S,W

DC, J 2010), 15-16, .
http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/south-asia/pakistan/178_pakistan___countering_militancy_in_fata.ashxhttp://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/south-asia/pakistan/178_pakistan___countering_militancy_in_fata.ashxhttp://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41307.pdfhttp://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41307.pdfhttp://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/south-asia/pakistan/178_pakistan___countering_militancy_in_fata.ashxhttp://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/south-asia/pakistan/178_pakistan___countering_militancy_in_fata.ashx


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31 Iz A, K B S H? CC Sentinel, J 2010, 13-15.32 F , H Hqq, Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military(L: V, 2005), . 4, 5 8.33 J R. S, T U P, Survival51, . 3 (J 2009): 47.


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34 C. C F, Te Counterterror Coalitions: Cooperation with Pakistan and India (S M, CA: RAND C, 2004), 34, .

35 C C A A, F : D B I A P(C S I P P, N A F, W, DC, A 2010), 2, 7, .

36 M W, Democratization in Pakistan: A Study o the 2002 Elections, 219.37 H A, I P N-W F P: T P L I (C S I

P P, N A F, W DC,A 2010), 5-6, .
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13

regional faCtors andthe U.s.-Pakistan

relationshiP

I,

P.40

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-- I.

N O 2010 Kz

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38 C. C F, P R C A: I P P? Te Journal o Strategic Studies31, . 2 (A 2008): 209-10.39 S G N H, I-P R A,Journal o International Afairs63, . 1 (F/W 2009):

129-32.40 C. C F, P R C A: I P P? 201, 212-13.


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14

W I,

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.41 T

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disenChanted allies:42 the U.s. andPakistan

R 9/11 - P U S,

-

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-

.

I 1980, P

A,

41 R B R, A: A W S P P R, South Asias Weak States: Understanding the Regional InsecurityPredicament, . .V. P (S, CA: S U P, 2010), 211-13.

42 D K, Te United States and Pakistan, 1947-2000: Disenchanted Allies(B: MD, T J H U P, 2001).43 S J D L, ., With Us or Against Us: Studies in Global Anti-Americanism (N Y: P M, 2005).44 S G. J, P D G, Survival49, . 1 (S 2007): 18. T ISI , ,

, Hqq , Q Shura . S M W, T S S: T R P ISI A I (C S D P18, C S R C, L, J 2010), .
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/files/fp_uploaded_documents/100613_20106138531279734lse-isi-taliban.pdfhttp://www.foreignpolicy.com/files/fp_uploaded_documents/100613_20106138531279734lse-isi-taliban.pdfhttp://www.foreignpolicy.com/files/fp_uploaded_documents/100613_20106138531279734lse-isi-taliban.pdfhttp://www.foreignpolicy.com/files/fp_uploaded_documents/100613_20106138531279734lse-isi-taliban.pdf


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15

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