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is a method of identifying hazards and developing ways to manage them.

Job Hazard AnalysisJob Hazard Analysis

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OBJECTIVES

AIM

At the end of this course you will be able to:

• Recognise a hazard and a threat.

• Describe the purpose of JHA’s in relation to the “Bow Tie”.

• List the three methods of JHA’s.• Develop a valid JHA in a group setting.• Define the direct relationship between 5X5 and JHA’s.

For each participant to be able to effectively develop a JHA using the three methods of doing JHA’s.

AIMAIM

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

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HAZARDSMANAGINGMANAGING

Stepback 5 x5 forhazard management

Major Facilities/Sites

Workgroup Non-Routine Activity

Routine Activity byIndividuals and Workgroups

Job Hazard Analysis,Procedures

Safety Case, HAZOP, Safety Register

WORKSAFE WORKSAFE -- HOMESAFEHOMESAFE

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H a z a rd s H a z a rd o u sC o n d it io n s

H a z a rd o u s A c tiv it ie s

H y d ro c a rb o n liq u id s /g a s e s

E x tre m ete m p e ra tu re s

V ib ra tio n M a n u a l h a n d lin g

F la m m a b le m a te r ia ls O p e n f la m e L ig h tin g U s e o f m a c h in e ry

E x p lo s iv e s E le c tr ic ity E x tre m e a m b ie n tte m p e ra tu re s

D riv in g

M a te r ia l u n d e rp re s s u re

E le c tro m a g n e ticra d ia tio n

T e m p o ra ry fa c ilit ie s C lim b in g /w o rk in g a th e ig h ts

D iffe re n c e s ine le v a tio n

R a d io a c tiv e s N o n -b re a th a b lec o n d itio n s

C o n fin e d s p a c e s

O b je c ts u n d e r s tre s s N o is e S ta c k in g

M o v in g e q u ip m e n t/v e h ic le s

T o x ic s u b s ta n c e s /c h e m ic a ls

E x c a v a tio n w o rk

P s y c h o lo g ic a l B io lo g ic a lC o n d it io n s

HAZARDS, HAZARDOUS CONDITIONSHAZARDS, HAZARDOUS CONDITIONSAND HAZARDOUS ACTIVITIESAND HAZARDOUS ACTIVITIES

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CCOONNS S EEQQUUEENNCCEEESCALATIONESCALATION

BARRIERSBARRIERS

TTHHRREEAATTSS

EVENTEVENT

THREATTHREATBARRIERSBARRIERS

BOW TIEHAZARDHAZARDTHE

HHAAZZAARRDD

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SELECTIONJOBJOB

Hazard PotentialAccidental History

Newly Established Jobs

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STEPBACK 5x5JHA’sJHA’sAND

When Should They Be Applied?

Is there an existing procedure, JHA or work practice which identifies and controls the hazards in the proposed activity?

Undertake a JHA involving those who are doing the job.

Review procedure/JHA/work practice involving those who

are doing the job.

Does the activity involve appreciable risk? *

No need for a formal JHA

APPLY STEPBACK 5 X 5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

DO THE JOB

No Yes

Yes

Review and improve the procedure/JHA/work practice after completing the job.

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JOB HAZARD ANALYSISWAYS OF DOINGWAYS OF DOING

BY DIRECT OBSERVATION

BY GROUP DISCUSSION

BY RECALL AND CHECK

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DIRECT OBSERVATIONDIRECT OBSERVATIONMETHOD

Supervisor watches

Discussesjob steps

hazards

solutions

with employee doing the job

Used for repetitive and frequently carried out jobs.e.g. Helicopter landing and departure

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GROUP DISCUSSIONGROUP DISCUSSIONMETHOD

A team of peoplefamiliar with all aspects of the job to be done

identify steps, hazards and solutions.

Used in pre-planning the safe execution of larger jobs.e.g. Remove, clean and replace heat exchanger

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RECALL AND CHECKRECALL AND CHECKMETHOD

Supervisor prepares a preliminary version based on his/her knowledge of the job.

Checks this by discussing with employee and observing parts of the job where there may be doubts.

Used for jobs where operator cannot be distracted or for urgent jobs that leave no time to arrange other methods of JHA.

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TEAM SELECTIONJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

for group discussion method

Job Supervisor

Worker Representative(s)

Asset Owner (production equipment) or Area Manager (project work)

Safety, Industrial Hygienist or Environmental Adviser (for large jobs or Health Risk Assessment)

Cross work-group representation (particularly when directly affected by job)

NOTE:It is important to include personnel with most knowledge

of each aspect of the job.

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HOWHOW TO DO A JHAHOW TO DO A JHA

1. Identify the job to be analysed.

2. Review the Hazard Register or existing JHA’s.

3. Break the job down into steps.

4. Identify the hazards and threats associated with each step and who or what

might be harmed.

5. Assess the potential of each hazard.

6. Develop solutions to eliminate or control the potential hazards.

7. Have you considered the effect of CHANGECHANGE in all the above?

8. Record the JHA.

9. Review the job on completion and update the JHA as necessary.

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STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS

LOGICAL ORDERNOT TOO DETAILED

NOT TOO BROAD

Some jobs may only have two or three stepsSome may have more than a dozen

NOTE:You can either - list all the job steps and then deal with one at a time

orList the job steps and deal with them one at a time

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changing a tyre on a carSTEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS

JOB STEPS TOO BROADJob steps too general and omit activities that could contain potential accidents

JOB STEPS TOO DETAILEDUnnecessary large number of job steps

STEP 1 Remove wheelSTEP 1 Park the car

STEP 2 Put on spareSTEP 2 Get out of the car

STEP 3 Walk to the boot

STEP 4 Open the boot

STEP 5 Clear away the spare, tools

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changing a tyre on a carSTEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPSBREAKING JOB DOWN INTO STEPS

STEP 1 Position car and set brakes, block wheels STEP 6 Run wheel nuts up to firm

state

STEP 7 Jack down carSTEP 2 Remove spare tyre and position it handy to flat tyre

STEP 3 Check and position car jack STEP 8 Cross-tighten wheel nuts and replace hub cap

STEP 9 Store jack and wheelSTEP 4 Remove hub cap and crack nuts. Jack up car

STEP 5 Remove wheel and re-place with spare

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REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDShealth

Can you be exposed to hazardous environmental conditions such as noise, heat, fumes, radiation, lack of oxygen etc?

Can you be exposed to hazardous levels of vibration?

Can you be exposed to hazardous chemicals or bacteria?

Are excessive or irregular hours requiredto do the job?

Could poor ergonomics, such as crampedconditions, lead to long term ill effects?

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REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSenvironment

Can pollution occur?

Will hazardous wastes be generated?

Will chemicals be discharged?

Will domestic and/or industrial wastebe generated?

Will natural habitats be disturbed?

Could aboriginal sites be disturbed?

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REVIEWREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSREVIEW JOB STEP FOR HAZARDSsafety

Can you strike against or make injurious contact with anything?

Can you be caught in, on or between anything?

Can you strain or overexert?

Can you slip or trip on anything? Can you fallin anyway?

Can you injure a fellow employee?

Can damage to equipment occur?

Can you contact electricity, flammable,explosives etc?

DO NOTOPERATE

THIS DANGER TAGMUST NOT BE REMOVEDEXCEPT BY THE PERSON

WHOSE NAME APPEARS BELOW

Contractor:............................................Name:...........................Identity No.......Electrical Access Work Permit No........Date:.....................................................

DANGER

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RESPONSIBILITIESROLESJHAJHA

Participants?

Session Leaders?

Supervisors?

Managers?

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JHAJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS WORKSHEETTask Name: Team Composition: Date:

StepNo.

Description of Task Step Hazard PotentialIncident

Who or What Might beHarmed

Control Measures/Recovery Measures Action/ Responsible

Party

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

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OUTCOMESOUTCOMESOUTCOMES

A new procedure entirely

A revised procedure

Changed conditions

Changed activities

A safer job

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SCOPE OF WORK:SCOPE OF WORK:changing a lightbulb

Relevant information:Site is in a home - there are two young children and a dog playing

Tiled floor

Light is 3m above the floor with a double switch

Globe with a bayonet fitting (not fluoro) and a screw-shade requiring removal

Step ladder (in good condition) is available

Daytime with sufficient natural light

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WHATWHAT TO DO WITH A JHAWHAT TO DO WITH A JHA

Use it to create or update work proceduresEnsure workers are familiar with the content and apply it to the jobAttach a copy of the JHA to the work permit (if applicable)

Workgroups should create a “JHA FILE” for work in their area and keep the original

Review and Update the JHA on completion of the task

Once completed:

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CUSTOMISED JHACUSTOMISED JHASYNDICATESIN

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Simple

Health, Safety & Environmental awareness is developed in all those involved

SupervisorsWorkersManagers

Allows input from key players

Increased knowledge about job

Provides written procedures

Can be filed for future use

Accident prevention responsibilities addressed

Provides training material

Saves time - correct equipment identified and available

Enhances communication

Reduces the probability of an unwanted event

BENEFITSJOB HAZARD ANALYSISJOB HAZARD ANALYSISbenefits

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STEPBACK 5x5STEPBACK 5x5

Managing the hazards in your workplace

5 5

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WHATWHAT IS “STEPBACK 5 x 5” ?WHAT IS “STEPBACK 5 x 5” ?

Stepback 5x5 is a process that encourages workers to identify hazards associated with ALL tasks before starting a job. It helps to promote a hazard management culture through continual self evaluation.

It is based on the principle of ‘ENGAGING THE MIND BEFORE THE HANDS’ by:

Stepping back 5 paces from the job

Investing 5 minutes (nominal) to step through the job in your mind and identify plans to control hazards before starting the job

Stepback 5x5 is an informal personal planning process. It is essentially a mental JHA applied before starting ALL jobs.

The process encourages sharing of information and experiences with others.

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HOWHOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?HOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?

Before the job:

Stop and think

Observe the work area and surroundings

Step through your mind what you are going to do

Think about what else is happening in the area or nearby

Identify what else could go wrong

Satisfy yourself that the hazards are controlled before starting the work

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HOWHOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?HOW IS STEPBACK 5x5 DONE?

After the job:

Observe the work area

Take action to control any hazards that may have been created by the work

Reflect on how well the job went and the mental planning process you used

Did you feel safe doing the job

Were others around you working safely

Can any improvements be made next time?

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STEPBACK 5x5JHA’sJHA’sAND

Recognise a hazard and a threat.

Describe the purpose of JHA’s in relation to the “BOW TIE”.

List the three methods of JHA’s.

Develop a valid JHA in a group setting.

Define the direct relationship between 5x5 and JHA’s.