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CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIESDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LABORATORYREPORT

SUBJECT CODE DAC 31401

TEST CODE & TITLEMMB 01 / IMPACT OF A JET

COURSE CODE2 DAA

TESTING DATE11 MARCH 2015

STUDENT NAMENURUL FATTIHA BINTI ISHAK

GROUPSEVEN (7)

GROUP MEMBER NAMES1.MUHAMAD TAUFIQ BIN A. JALIL

2.MUHAMMAD AMZAR BIN OTHMAN

3.MOHD HAMBALI BIN MUIDNUDIN

4.NURUL HAYATI BINTI MAT ROZI

5.NURUL FATTIHA BINTI ISHAK

LECTURER/ INSTRUCTOR/ TUTOR NAME

EN. IZAT BIN YAHAYA

REPORT RECEIVED DATE18 MARCH 2015

MARKS* Please Refer Laboratory Rubric attached

EXAMINER COMMENT

RECEIVED STAMP

CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIESPAGE NO.:1/10

DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGEDITION:1

REVIEW NO.:03

TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

1.0 OBJECTIVE

TO VERIFY THEORIES OF FORCES GENERATED BY IMPACT OF THE JET ON DIFFERENT SHAPES OF VANE

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOME

At the end of this experiment, students are able to:

Describe the deflection of the jet generates forces on the vane.

Identify the relationship between force and rate of momentum flow in the jet. Measure the force generated by a jet of water striking a plate.

3.0 THEORY OF THE EXPERIMENTA jet of water is produced when water is fed to a vertical pipe terminating in a tapered nozzle. The jet will impinge on a vane, of different shapes. Vanes usually used are flat plate, inclined plate, curved plate and hemispherical cup. Equation used to determine the force of jet impact (Fy) is given as:

Fy = (Q ( Vy1 - Vy2 cos () , Vy1 = initial velocity Vy2 = final velocity (after impingement)

where,

1. Flat plate

Figure 3.1: Flat plate

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TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JET EFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

2. 120( curved plate

Figure 3.2: 120o curved plate

where, from analysis, velocity after impingement

3. Hemispherical cup

where, velocity after impingement

Figure 3.3: Hemispherical cup

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DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGEDITION:1

REVIEW NO.:03

TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

4.0 EQUIPMENTS

1. Hydraulic bench

2. Jet impact apparatus

3. Stop watch

4. Vernier caliper

Given:

Diameter of nozzle = 10 mm

Gravity acceleration, g = 9.81 ms 2

From analysis, slope of the graph as in theory is given by:

Flat plate =

120( curved plate =

Hemispherical cup =

Figure 4.1: Equipments used 4.2: Jet impact apparatus

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REVIEW NO.:03

TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

Figure 4.3: Jet Impact Apparatus

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TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

5.0 PROCEDURES

1. First, take off the top plate and the transparent cylinder. Then, measure the diameter of the nozzle. Assemble the flat plate to the lever that carries a jockey weight.

2. Assemble the top plate and cylinder to the apparatus. Connect the supply pipe from the hydraulic bench to the inlet pipe of the apparatus.

Figure 5.1: Arrangement of apparatus

3. The apparatus is first levelled and the lever is set to a balanced position (as indicated by a tally supported from it) by placing the jockey weight at its zero position, and then adjusting the knurled nut above the spring.

Figure 5.2: Jockey weight restrained by a light spring

4. Any force generated by impact of the jet on the vane is measured by moving the jockey weight along the lever until the tally shows that it has been restored to its original balanced position.

5. Nominal weight is place on the lever first (it is suggested that initial weight and incremental weight = 20g). Water is then admitted through the bench supply valve.

6. The force on the vane will displace the lever, which is then restored to its balanced position by sliding the jockey weight along the lever. Then, cover the opening at the base of the hydraulic bench.

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TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

Figure 5.3: Move the jockey weight along the lever

7. Record the volume of water and time to determine the flow rate. Also, record the weight on the lever.

SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT

SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT

Figure 5.4: Determining flow rate

8. Repeat the procedure (step 1 to 7) for 120o curved plate and hemispherical cup.

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DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGEDITION:1

REVIEW NO.:03

TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

6.0 RESULT AND CALCULATIONS1. Record the readings in the table below.

a) Flat plate

Mass of jockey weight m (g)

Volume of water V (l)

Time t (s)

Flow rate Q (l/s)

Q2b) 1200 curved plate

Mass of jockey weight m (g)

Volume of water V (l)

Time t (s)

Flow rate Q (l/s)

Q2c) Hemispherical cup

Mass of jockey weight m (g)

Volume of water V (l)

Time t (s)

Flow rate Q (l/s)

Q22. Plot the graph of mass of jockey weight m versus Q2 for flat plate, 120o inclined plate and hemispherical cup and find the slope of the graphs.

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REVIEW NO.:03

TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

7.0 QUESTIONS

1. For every plate, record and calculate Q and Q2 and plot graphs of mass of jockey weight m versus Q2. Theoretically, slope of the graphs is given as:

a. Flat plate

b. 120o inclined plate

c. Hemispherical cup

2. Compare the value between the slope at the graph and the theory valuea. Flat plate

b. 120o inclined plate

c. Hemispherical cup

3. From the result, comment on the graphs slope and theoretical value.

4. Give a conclusion for this test.

5. Questions by lecturer

6. Question by lecturer

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TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

8.0 Answers

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TEST TITLE: IMPACT OF A JETEFFECTIVE DATE:1/7/10

AMENDMENT DATE:1/7/10

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