001 Presentation Martin Doppelbauer
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8/9/2019 001 Presentation Martin Doppelbauer
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Current Developments in IEC
standards for Energy Efficiency
of Electric Motors
Martin Doppelbauer
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI)
Professorship of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)
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IECinternational
CENELECEurope COPANTPanamericans ...
DKEGermany
JISJapan
BSIEngland
ANSIUSA
...
I n t e r n a t i o
n a l
N a t i o n
a l
P u b
l i c
P r i v a t e
NEMAUSA
IEEEUSA
IEEEngland
VDEGermany
ZVEIGermany
VIKGermany
...
CSACanada
ULUSA
R e g i o n a l
2 Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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3-phase ASM
2, 4, 6-pole
0,75 ... 375 kW
S1-continuous duty
No special design
(Ex, Brake, ...)
June 16, 2011 IE2 mandatory
January 1, 2015 IE3 mandatory
or IE2 + Drive
(from 7,5 ... 375 kW)
January 1, 2017 IE3 mandatory
or IE2 + Drive3 Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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Preparatory Studies:
• Lot 28: Pumps for private and public waste water and for fluids with high solidcontent
• Lot 29: Pumps for private and public swimming pools, ponds, fountains and
aquariums, as well as clean water pumps larger than those regulated under Lot 11
• Lot 30: Electric Motors outside of the scope of Regulation 640/2009
• Lot 31: Compressors, including small compressors and their possible drives
4 Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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Products in Drive Systems outs id e the sco pe of EU 640/2009
• The study is commenced by Prof. Almeida (University of Coimbra, Portugal)and Hugh Falkner (Faithful&Gould, UK)
• Other types of motors, for example Permanent-Magnet Motors from 120W up to 1000 kW Motors for variable speed from 120W up to 1000 kW Motor starters and variable speed drives from 200 W up to 1000 kW
•
Product categories Small motors 120 W up to 750 W Medium motors 0,75 kW up to 375 kW Large motors 375 kW up to 1000 kW Low voltage motors up to 1000 V Medium voltage motors up to 6600 kVA
• Focus on drive systems: Power supply,Controller, Motor, Coupling, Load, Process
• Conclusion of the study in early 2014
Task 1: Product Definition, Standards and LegislationTask 2: Economic and Market AnalysisTask 3: Consumer Behavior and Local InfrastructureTask 4: Technical analysis existing productsTask 5: Definition of Base Case
5 Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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Mandate M/470 EN Standardisat ion in the f ie ld o f
June 23, 2010 electr ic moto rs
IEC TC2, WG28 Convenor Dr. Axel Möhle / Siemens• IEC 60034-2-1, 2nd ed, Determination of motor efficiencies
• IEC 60034-2-3, 1st ed, Determination of extra harmonic losses of converter fed AC induction motors
• Elaborate reliable, accurate and reproducible measurement methods; Redefinition and reduction
of test tolerances; provide values for measurement uncertainties
• All types of motors (for example single phase induction motors, permanent magnet synchronouzs
and reluctance motors) including motors designed for converter operation
• Starting from between 200 to 500W, as appropriate, up to 500 kW, at minimum
• Determination of part load 50% and 75% efficiencies
• Definition of energy efficiency classes for any new technologies, for example PM-motors• Definition of efficiency levels of the IE4 and a future IE5 class (attainable only for non-induction
motors)
• Definition of test measurement methods and efficiency levels for motors designed for converter
operation
• Define a template for test report
• Standards developed within 48 months
IEC TC2, WG31 Convenor Prof. Dr. Martin Doppelbauer / KIT• IEC 60034-30-1, 1st ed, Classification of motor efficiencies IE1-4 (on line connected)
• IEC 60034-30-2, 1st ed, Classification of motor efficiencies IE1-4 (variable speed motors)
6 Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
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Mandate M/476 EN Standardisat ion in the f ie ld o f
November 30, 2010 var iable speed dr ives and/or Power Drive Systems
CENELEC TC22X, WG06 Convenor Dr. Benno Weis / Siemens• EN 50598-1 Energy efficiency standard with extended product approach (EPA)
and semi analytic model (SAM)
• EN 50598-2 Energy efficiency for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics
and their driven applications
• EN 50598-3 Environmental aspects and product declaration for power drive systems
and Motor starters
• Develop procedures and methods for measuring the energy efficiency, efficiency classes,
load and speed profiles and associated characteristics of variable speed drives and/or of
Power Drive Systems (PDS) equipped with variable speed drives, as appropriate
• To provide values for measurement uncertainties
• To define a standard template for a test report indicating the information to be declared by
the manufacturers
•
Standards developed within 36 months
IEC SC22G, AG15 Convenor Martial Patra / Schneider Electric• IEC xyz publication of EN 50598-2 at IEC under the Unified Acceptance
Procedure (UAP)
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.8
Determinat ion of ef f ic iency and los ses of gr id-connected motors
April 2008 Meeting in Helsinki, Finnland
Collection of items to be considered in the next edition
Oct 2008 Meeting in Birr, Switzerland
2/1538/DC Proposal for revision of IEC 60034-2-1
June 2009 Meeting in St. Petersburg, Russia
2/1555A/INF (Result of 2/1538/DC)
Sept 2010 Meeting in Passau, Germany
2/1628/INF (Result of Round Robin Test
June 2011 Meeting in Zürich, Switzerland
2/1648/CD (2011-12-09)
May 2012 Meeting in Kyoto, Japan
2/1687/CDV (2013-01-04)
May 2013 Meeting in Istanbul, Turkey
2/xxxx/FDIS (End of 2013)
2014 Publication of IS
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.9
Determinat ion of ef f ic iency and los ses of gr id-connected motors
• Structure of the document has been simplified:
Chapter 3: Terms and definitions
Chapter 4: Symbols and abbreviated terms
Chapter 5: Basic requirements
Chapter 6: Test methods induction machines
Chapter 7: Test methods synchronous machines
Chapter 8: Test methods DC machines
• Flow charts for a precise definition of individual steps
• References for preferred and other testing methods
• Some requirements on instrumentation have been raised slightly
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.10
Measurement of addi t ional harmon ic losses of mo tors fed by con verters
The decision to split IEC 60034-2 in three parts was already taken in 2005, work started in 2008
April 2008 Meeting in Helsinki, Finnland
Oct 2008 Meeting in Birr, Switzerland
June 2009 Meeting in St. Petersburg, Russia
2/1570/CD (2009-08-28)
Sept 2010 Meeting in Passau, Germany
2/1626/CDV (2011-04-08) -> rejected!
June 2011 Meeting in Zürich, Switzerland
May 2012 Meeting in Kyoto, Japan
2/1643A/RVC (2012-07-13) -> create TS instead of IS
2/1696/DTS (2013-01-25) -> accepted
End of 2013 Publication of TS
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.11
Measurement of addi t ional harmon ic losses of mo tors fed by con verters
•
define test methods for determining the additional harmonic motor losses of converter-fedinduction motors
• the motor is part of a Power Drives System (PDS), see EN 50598-2
• Aim: to create a comparability between motors regarding their additional harmonic losses
• Measurements are performed under standardized conditions with the motor supplied by a
reference converter (uncontrolled 2 / 4 kHz PWM converter without over-modulation)
• The measured losses are for reference only and do not represent the actual losses in any
given application
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.12
Energy Eff ic iency Classi f icat ion o f l ine op erated AC m otors (Part 1)
Energy Eff ic iency Classi f icat ion o f var iable speed mo tors (Part 2)
April 2011 Frankfurt, Germany
2/1632/CD (2011-05-06)
Sept 2011 Alexandria, VA, USA
2/1652/CD (2011-12-23)
June 2012 Kyoto, JapanIt was decided to split the document 60034-30 in two parts
2/1679/CDV of Part 1 (2012-09-21)
May 2013 Istanbul, Turkey
2/1709/NWIP of Part 2 (2013-06-14)
2/xxxx/FDIS of Part 1 (End of 2013)
2014 Publication of IS of Part 1
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.13
Energy eff ic iency c lassif icat io n (IE)
Three-phase
AC-induction
IEC 60034-30
1st ed 2008-10
Grid fed
(fixed speed)
Three-phase AC-induction
Wound-rotor AC-induction
Single-phase AC-induction
Sinusoidal-field reluctance
Line-start permanent-magnet
...
IEC 60034-30-1
2, 4, 6, 8-pole
0,12 ... 1000 kW
100% Last
100% Drehzahl
Converter fed
(variable speed)
Permanent-magnet synchronous
Wound-rotor synchronous
...
IEC 60034-30-2
25, 50, 75, 100% Last
25, 50, 75, 100% Drehzahl
100 ... 10000/min
0,12 ... 1000 kW
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.14
Variable Speed
Non-Sinusoidal Voltage
DC Motoren
Switched reluctance motors
EC-Motoren (blockkommutiert)
...
Test and classification as Power Drive System (PDS)EN 50598-2
Motors with integrated
frequency converters
Piggy back converter
On-oil electronics
...
Motors completely
integrated into a machine
Can not be testedindependent of
load
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.15
Eff iciency c lasses for co nverters (IE) and power dr ive system s (IES)
• Individual IE-classifications for all types of components (Motor, Converter, Gearbox?, ...)
• IES-classification for the power drive system (PDS = Motor + Converter + Auxiliaries)
• Extended Product approach (EPA) = Extended Product + Duty Profile + Control Curve
• Calculation of reference figures on the basis of measurements (Semi Analytic Model = SAM)
10 20 50 80 100 rpm in %
4
12
20
relative
losses in %
CDM
PDS
Motor sinusoidalfed
Motor CDM fed
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.16
Efficiency c lasses for co nverters (IE) and power dr ive systems (IES)
Power Drive
systems (PDS)
losses related to
rated power
Converters (CDM)
losses related to
rated power
Converter
fed
motors
Efficiency
Line fed
motors
Efficiency
IES9 – u.c.IE9 – u.c.IE9 – u.c.IE9 – not used
IES8 – u.c.IE8 – u.c.IE8 – u.c.IE8 – not used
IES7 – u.c.IE7 – u.c.IE7 – u.c.IE7 – not used
IES6 – u.cIE6 – u.cIE6 – u.c.IE6 – not used
IES5 – u.cIE5 – u.cIE5 – u.c.IE5 –
experimental
new
technologies
IES4 – u.cIE4 – u.cIE4 – u.c.IE4 – will
require new
techniques
IES3 – u.c.IE3 – u.c.IE3 – u.c.IE3 – needs
significant
amount of
techniques
IES2 – more than
20% lower than
reference value
IE2 – more than 25%
lower than reference
value
IE2 – u.c.IE2 – can be
achieved by
enhancement
IES1 - reference
value ±20%
IE1 - reference
value ±25%
IE1 – u.c.IE1 – can be
mostly
technically
achieved
IES0 – more than
20% higher than
reference value
IE0 – more than 25%
higher than
reference value
IE0 – u.c.IE0 – not used
Power Drive
systems (PDS)
losses related to
rated power
Converters (CDM)
losses related to
rated power
Converter
fed
motors
Efficiency
Line fed
motors
Efficiency
IES9 – u.c.IE9 – u.c.IE9 – u.c.IE9 – not used
IES8 – u.c.IE8 – u.c.IE8 – u.c.IE8 – not used
IES7 – u.c.IE7 – u.c.IE7 – u.c.IE7 – not used
IES6 – u.cIE6 – u.cIE6 – u.c.IE6 – not used
IES5 – u.cIE5 – u.cIE5 – u.c.IE5 –
experimental
new
technologies
IES4 – u.cIE4 – u.cIE4 – u.c.IE4 – will
require new
techniques
IES3 – u.c.IE3 – u.c.IE3 – u.c.IE3 – needs
significant
amount of
techniques
IES2 – more than
20% lower than
reference value
IE2 – more than 25%
lower than reference
value
IE2 – u.c.IE2 – can be
achieved by
enhancement
IES1 - reference
value ±20%
IE1 - reference
value ±25%
IE1 – u.c.IE1 – can be
mostly
technically
achieved
IES0 – more than
20% higher than
reference value
IE0 – more than 25%
higher than
reference value
IE0 – u.c.IE0 – not used
I n c r e a s e d e f f i c i e n c y = d e c r e a s e d r e l a t e d p o w e r l o s s e s
u.c. = under consideration
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Martin Doppelbauer, Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.17
Current
IEC 60034-2-1 ed.1.0 (2007) Determination of motor efficiencies
IEC 60034-30 ed.1.0 (2008) Ranking of motor efficiencies
IEC 60034-17 ed.4.0 (2006) Performance of standard motors on
converter
IEC 60034-25 ed.2.0 (2007) Performance of special converter motors
Future
IEC 60034-2-1 ed.2.0 (2014) Determination of motor efficiencies
IEC 60034-2-3 ed.1.0 (2013) Determination of extra harmonic losses
IEC 60034-30-1 ed.1.0 (2014) Ranking of grid fed motor efficiencies
IEC 60034-30-2 ed.1.0 (2016)? Ranking of variable speed motor efficiencies
IEC/EN 50598-2 ed.1.0 (2016)? Efficiency of frequency converters, power
drive systems and complete drive systems
IEC 60034-25 ed.3.0 (2015/16)? Performance of converter fed motors
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Martin DoppelbauerUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI)Professorship of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)