مصادر من الكهرباء توليد وآفاق إمكاناتاليمن في المتجددة Potentials of الطاقة

Generating Electricity from Renewable Resource in Yemen

وزير/ ياسمين المهندسةyasminwazir@yahoo.com

– – اليمن / للكهرباء العامة المؤسسة عدن الدراسات إدارة مدير2011فبراير

Engineer : Yasmin WazirStudy Department Manager _ PEC Aden-Yemen

Intriduction Production of electrical energy basically depends on the

available resources and according to the demands.

With the rapid grow of the electricity demands , the use of alternative sources of energy has become a must nowadays to overcome the high cost of normal sources (oil and gas) and their side effects on the environment .

The wind and sun energy sources represent an important income for many countries depending on their geographical position.

Electricity In YemenElectricity in Yemen depend mainly on oil ( Diesel , steam ,gas ) power station , the total available capacity of the national grid power stations is 1267 MWAT and the total small Diesel stations branches capacity is 295Mwat + the privet generation (purchase ) 10%

( )م.و( لعام ( والفرعية )خارجالمنظومة القدرةالتوليديةللطاقةالكهربائيةللمحطاتالرئيسية )داخلالمنظومة 2010

) Electric Power Generation Capacity of Main Stations(within network )and sub- stationsstand-alone()M.W for2010

غازGas

21.8%

بخارSteamديزل31.7%

Diesel27.6%

فروعالديزل Diesel branches

18.9%

2073.276

6.6900

2630.132634.052608.91

2417.00

1256.82

1756.90

810.02

1981.00

608.71608.71

530.56

517.47691.04

1755.15

1534.57

1112.00

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

غازGas

بخار Steam

ديزل Diesel

فروعProduction of

diesel branches

مشتراةPurchased by

others

انتاجالطاقةالكهربائية )ج.و.س( خاللالفترة 2007-2010م Electric Power Production(G.W. H :) 2007 to2010

2007 2008 2009 2010

األدنىMin

األعلىMax

وحدة القياس

Unit

األحوال مؤشراتلعام الجوية

م2006Weather Forecast

2006

044.3Cالحرارة درجةTemperature

1089%النسبية الرطوبة

Humidity

0.1415مليمتر mm

سقوط كميةاألمطار

Rain fall

3.632عقدة

knotالرياح سرعةWind Speed

اليمن في المتجددة الطاقات مصادرRenewable Energy Recourses In Yemen

Bio mass الكتلة الحية

مليون طن.م.ن./س

نةMilon Ton.m. /year

سرعة الرياح)متر/ثانية(

Wind speed(m/sec)

اإلشعاع الشمسي المباشر

)/يوم2ك.و.س/م(Direct sun rays

(kwh/m2/day)

اإلشعاع الشمسي

/2ك.و.س/م()يوم

Sun Rays(Kwh/m2/

day)

الدولة

Jordanاالردن 0.745.5-7.55-75-8

o.333.5-4.55-75-7 االمارات UAE

0.145-66-74-6دولة

Bahrالبحرينain

Syria سوريا 0.124.5-11-5-6

جمهورية العراق6.3-5-75-7Iraq

سلطنة عمان-0.474-65-7Oman

Palestineفلسطين0.0153-55-65-6

Qatar دولة قطر0.075-75-65-6

Kiewitدولة الكويت0.375-6.56-76-7

Lebanonلبنان 0.593-54-64-6

Egyptمصر 3.94-105-85-9

Saudi السعودية 3.04.5-6.55-86-8

Yemenاليمن 3.54-6.65-84-6

دول في األساسية المتجددة الطاقات Renewable Resourcesاالسكوا مصادرin ESCWA Countries

The application of Renewable energy

الشمسية الطاقة على تعتمد الفعلية بشكل التطبيقات جدا و محدودVery limited application of sun energy in Yemen

Future of Renewable Energy in Yemen

• The investment in the renewable energy is very effective , however its income is not direct.

• The estimation of Wind energy is based on the wind map prepared for the wind energy project.

• Mountain areas that have more than 30% inclination were ignored.

• However, the costal line starting from Al-Hudaida to Abyan have big potentials for electricity production by wind energy ; the theoretical possibilities exceed 308 G.W.

• Unfortunately, from the wind map shown, around 60% of the possible areas can’t be utilized due to their location far away from the populated areas.

المساحة : ) حسب اإلمكانية توضح لليمن الرياح W/m2)Yemen Wind Mapخارطة

according to )m2/w(

الرياح : ) شدة حسب اإلمكانية توضح لليمن الرياح (m/sخارطة

Yemen Wind Map : The possibility based on wind speed m/s

بالرياح الطاقة إلنتاج المتاحة االقتصادية اإلمكانية Economic Potential for Production of Electricity by Wind Energy

ResourceGovernorateEconomic Potential

MW

Wind energy19199 MW

Coastal areas(Abyan)4813أبين

Aden) )475عدن

(Lahej)2540لحج

(Taiz) 5125تعز

Al Hodeidah ) )5094الحديدة

Dhamar ) )1152دمار

Projects of Electricity Production By Wind Energy

• Based on the availability of technical potential, Taiz Governorate can be considered as one of the good areas that can produce (5000 MW), and according to wind turbine power curve (International Fig 1.35MW/km2), the total area required to produce this amount of energy is 3,683 km

• Al Mukha wind farm project is one of the main projects of Yemen which represents the most effective project of the renewable energy. This farm is allocated in 45 km2 area and with capacity of 60 MW with future extendable .

• The rating capacity of the turbine used is 2 MW and the average wind speed is 7 m/s as shown in the Power curve

Fig )1( General View of U88-2MW )IEC II A(

Fig )2( Power Curve Analysis of U88-2MW

 

Cost Summary of Al Mokha (60Mwh) Wind Farm Project

 DescriptionQtyUnit Price

US$Total US$

Direct Cost

Material : Turbine 2MW303,000.00090,000,000

Construction (Civil,Elect)  34,080,000

Heavy Equipment Rental  5,140,000

Sub Total (A) 129,220,000

Indirect Cost

Salary, Food, Temporary Facility, Custom Fee, Taxes O&M ,Spare parts

   

Sub Total (B) 21,261,605

Total (A+B) US$ 150,481,605

Conclusions

• The main advantage of the electricity generation by wind is that it does not expel harmful gases like (Co2) to the environment and hence it is an environment friend energy source.

• The wind energy main production cost is only the construction cost and it does not have running cost - unlike oil energy production.

• It represents most useful solution for the isolated areas electrification.• Its losses is about 59% due to friction and heat, and the factors that affect

the efficiency are the changes in the wind speed and differences in the air temperature.

• Nevertheless, the cost of the electricity generation by wind is yet not competitive with the oil resources generation and it needs more technical development to reduce the cost by 30% approx.

• In Yemen, using wind energy for production of electricity is still in the study, analysis and project preparation phase.

Thank You For Your Attention