"when it rains, it pours"

When it rains, it pours ①describes how after there has been no rain for a long time, it suddenly rains a lot all at once.

Example: "It hadn't rained for over two months. Now it has started raining and it has been raining for a week straight." Reply: "When it rains, it pours."

②that once something happens after a long pause, it happens in large amounts.

Example: "It looks like everyone in our department is sick again, and all at the same time." Reply: "When it rains, it pours."

Example: "Sometimes we have no customers for two or three hours, then suddenly we get 20 people all at once." Reply: "It never rains, but it pours "= When it rains, it pours.

Unit Nine

Lesson Outline

1. Cultural background information 2. Brainstorming 3. Chinese Cuisine 4. Text explanation 5. Exercises

Formal meals may take hours in some cultures or households, while in other’s people may eat hastily while traveling to their next destination on foot or by car.

Food is a basic necessity, so every culture has important norms and customs related to it. Most cultures have food preferences and food taboos, (e.g. Hindus don’t eat beef, Muslims don’t eat pork,…)

The biggest recent change in eating habits and food-related lifestyles is the advent of fast food. This permits many people to eat away from home, or to bring food home to eat without having no prepare it. The famous fast foods are, for example, McDonald’s hamburgers and KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken).

Food Symbolism

In China, foods are given particular meanings, so that in certain occasion a type of food, can only be eaten by some specific individuals, or must be eaten in specific occasion.

Usually, an honored guest will be served a snapper's head or shell to hail him and show warmly welcome in some districts.

Fish is always served to symbolize accumulations of prosperity and wealth with the New Year's Eve meals.

There are other foods and snacks, which symbolize good wishes under special circumstances. These include duck, chicken and melon seeds.

Long noodle is the symbol of longevity in China, so that youngsters or seniors all will have a bowl of Long Life Noodle in the expectation of a healthy life.

In Central China, if a baby is born, his father will send Red Boiled Eggs to announce the news. An even number, usually six or eight Red Boiled Eggs with a black point dotted on one end will be delivered for a boy and an odd number, usually five or seven without black point for a girl.

What did people say about…

One should eat to live,not live to eat. Molière (1622 - 1673) French playwright Tell me what you eat and I will tell you what you are. Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (1755 - 1826) French politician, and writer.

We are what we eat.吃什么东西，就长什么样子。

Well fed, well bred.衣食足，而后知礼节。He that eats least eat most.食量少，能长寿。

Food idioms and vocabulary• Your eyes are bigger than your stomach. -- You want to eat a lot, but you just can not. • I am so hungry I could eat a horse. --I can eat a lot.• It’s as easy as pie. --it’s a piece of cake.• Greasy spoon --small restaurant that serves good but cheap food • Ma and Pop restaurant --family restaurant• Take out --take the food away to eat elsewhere• Organic -- naturally-grown food, without any pesticide,etc.• Vegetarian --people who don’t eat any kind of meat• Vegan --people who don’t use anything from animals, e.g. they won’t eat milk, eggs, meat, and won’t wear fur coats and leather shoes

BrainstormingDirections:

work with your partner to think of as many words /phrases/expressions as possible regarding the following topics.

1.verbs for ways of cooking:

steam, boil, fry, roast, stew, bake, braise,…

蒸，煮，炸 , 煎，烹，烤，焖

2. expressions for types of food:

hot pot, jiaozi/dumplings, rice, noodle, Chinese sandwich, staining tofu, rice with fried vegetables

火锅，饺子，米线，肉夹馍，臭豆腐，米饭菜，… what are the English versions for these food you eat everyday?

Direction: work in groups to compete the following four category.the group that has the longest list can get the cake on the right.

vegetables fruits beverages meat

Bean sproutCelery

Eggplant,Green pepperLettuceSpinach

CauliflowerMushroom

Onion

CherryGrapeKiwi

PineappleCoconutMangoPeachLemonPlum

Litchi

Coca-colaPepsi

Orange juice

LemonadeSoft drinks

SpiritsMineral water

Milk shake

PorkBeefLamb

ChickenMuttonSausageTurkeySteakBaconham

Chinese Food Quotations and Proverbs

"Talk doesn't  cook rice." (Chinese Proverb)

"Governing a great nation is like cooking a small fish - too much handling will spoil it." (Lao-tzu, Chinese philosopher)

"To the ruler, the people are heaven; to the people, food is heaven." (ancient Chinese proverb)

An old saying indicates how highly the cuisine of the

Guangzhou (Canton) area is regarded

“To be born in SuzhouTo live in HangzhouTo eat in GuangzhouAnd to die Liuzhou”

Cantonese woman believe that “to win a man’s heart, she must first learn how to cook a good pot of soup ”

“Fashion is in Europe, living is in America, but

eating is in China”

Famous saying by famous people "My momma always said, life is like a box of ch

ocolates. You never know what you're going to get." (Forrest Gump)

One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well. (Virginia Woolf)

Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time , and sometimes you weep.

(Car Sandburg)

Chinese Food

Do you know how many

kinds of famous cuisine in

China?

Which do you prefer? Why?

Question:

NO:1   八大菜系之鲁菜

NO:2  八大菜系之粤菜

NO:3  八大菜系之川菜

NO:4  八大菜系之湘菜

 NO:5  八大菜系之闽菜

NO:6  八大菜系之浙菜

NO:7  八大菜系之苏菜

NO:8  八大菜系之徽菜

Chinese food recipes: Chinese Beef and Lamb

Recipes: Chinese Egg Recipes: Chinese Fish Recipes: Chinese Noodle Recipes: Chinese Pork Recipes: Chinese Poultry Recipes: Chinese Rice Recipes: Chinese Seafood Recipes: Chinese Tofu Recipes: Chinese Vegetables

Recipes:

Chinese Cooking Methods:

Roasting: Boiling: Shallow frying: Stewing Red-cooking Stir Frying Deep frying

Salting Pickling Steeping Drying Splashing Rinsing smoking

Expressions of being healthy:

stay in good shape, have a clean bill of health, a sound mind in a sound body,

keep fit and be healthy,physically fit, rosy-cheeked

Expressions of being ill:

be ill feeble, frail, feeling out of sorts, break out with, on one’s back ( 卧床不起 ); have/ run a temperature; have a fever

Expressions of treatment:

take medicine; have an operation; therapeutic healing; injection; medical check-up, medical test; antibiotic treatment; painkiller

Expressions of keeping fit:

do aerobics; stay positive; do yoga; practise martial arts; do soft boxing, practise Qi-gong

Topic for discussion:

Do you prefer Chinese food or Western food?

What is your favorite food? What’s the name of the dish?

Do you think that different food can reflect different cultures? Why?

Diagram of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is often depicted as a pyramid consisting of five levels: the four lower levels are grouped together as deficit needs; the top level is referred to as being needs. While deficit needs can be met, being needs are a continuing driving force. The basic idea of this hierarchy is, that higher needs come into focus only after all needs lower in the pyramid are met. Growth forces result in upward movement on the hierarchy, whereas regressive forces push proponent needs down in the hierarchy.

The implications of the theory are:

Students who are very hungry or in physical danger will have little psychological energy to put into learning. Therefore food is the primary source of all happiness, a conclusion consistent to Confucian theory.

Students who do not feel that they are loved and that they are capable are unlikely to have a strong motivation to achieve the higher-level growth objectives.

Students who are at ease and feel accepted and respected as individuals are more likely to become eager to learn for the sake of learning and willing to risk being creative and open to new ideas.

Questions:

1. What did you have for dinner last night?

2. Please make a list of three Chinese dishes and one Western dish.

3. Do you agree that cuisine represents the cultural characteristics of a people? Why or why not?

Some differences between Chinese and Western cuisine:

Food is an essential part of Chinese Etiquette, which is regarded as the center of Chinese culture. In many Western countries, food just is considered as a source of the nutrition or energy for survival.

Chinese cuisine and table manners represent their collectivism while Western table manners reflect their individualism. Chinese generally share one dish and Americans would have individual portions.

Some key words: delicious taste and smell; colorful shape/appearance, motley combination of colors, assortment of ingredients; aroma, smell, fragrance; reminiscent of home/family atmosphere, be entertained/ treated/ regaled with

Some English expressions for common Chinese dishes:

北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck宫保鸡丁 spicy diced chicken with peanuts古老肉 sweet and sour pork荷叶蒸肉 steamed pork wrapped in lotus leaf家常豆腐 home style bean curd麻婆豆腐 Mabo tofu (Bean curd with 

mince and chili oil, Ma Po′s bean curd ）糖醋里脊 sweet and sour fillet糖醋鲤鱼

fried carp with sweet and sour sauce糖醋排骨 sweet and sour spareribs

鱼香肉丝 shredded pork with garlic sauce 走油扣肉 steamed fried pork 叫花鸡 beggars chicken 龙井虾仁 shrimp with Longjin tea leaves 宋嫂鱼羹 sister song’s fish soup 馄饨 won ton 水饺 dumpling 馒头 steamed bun 包子 stuffed bun 月饼 moon cake

Some common western food:

sandwich mashed potato salad hamburger French fries spaghetti 意大利式细面条 macaroni 通心面

pizza steak pudding apple pie omelet 煎蛋卷 Russian soup (borsch) Broth ( 肉汤 )

bacon bread

Activity It is reported that the following four factors

influence one’s health, namely, environment, habit, medical care, genetics.

Directions: You are expected to argue that one of them is the most important factor. Draft your reasons and be ready to debate.

Group A: environment Group B: habit Group C: medical care Group D: genetics

Comprehension work

Do you believe that food will determine one’s physical strength and ultimately one’s spiritual and moral fibre and well-being?

Do you agree that food to us Chinese means first happiness but not so to Westerners?

1. Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual. (Line 1, preface,p161)

Translation: 生活中很少有什么东西像食物一样真切实在 ,或者说那么彻底地为个人接纳吸收 .

2. One may attend to matters of business,…

A. join B. give one’s care or attention to C. go to D. be present at

See more “attend”

attend (to):1)give care or thought to 注意，用心，照顾Eg. attend to one’s work; attend to what sb is saying Are you being attended to?= (Is anyone serving you?) You are not attending.= (You are not listening.)

2) attend on /upon: serve, look after, 伺候，看护，照料Eg. He had the honor of attending on the Prince.

3) go to; 参加 attend school ; attend church4 ） be present at; 到场5) accompany （正式）伴随Eg. A method that is attended by some risk. Our plan were attended with great difficulties.attendance n. In ~Now that the patient is out of danger, the doctor is no longer in attendance.[C,U] time of being present, at school (opposite: absence)

Let’s practise!

Exercises for Practice (p.166 Ex.C)

a. He liked as if he was attending to his work, but actually he was thinking about the football match he watched the night before.

b. She was apparently attending closely to her schoolwork, yet her thoughts were altogether elsewhere.

c. You never seem to attend to what I say, so there’s no point in your coming to my classes.

In the matter of: adv 就 ... 而论【 set phrase 】 a matter of 大约 , 大概 ... 的问题 a matter of course 当然的事 a matter of opinion 看法不同的问题 as a matter of convenience 为方便起见 as a matter of course 自然 , 不用说 , 照例 as a matter of fact 实际上 , 不瞒你说 , 确实 , 事实是 as a matter of record 根据所报数据 as a matter of routine 作为例行公事 ; 按常规 as matters stand [as the matter stands] 照目前的情况 carry matters with a high hand 采取高压手段 ; 专横跋扈 a matter of life and death 生死攸关

in matter of 与 ... 有关 in the matter of 至于 ; 关于 , 在 ... 方面 it is no matter that ... 是无关紧要的 let the matter drop [go, rest] 听任事情自然发展

make a matter 大惊小怪 , 引起一场风波 make matters [it] worse 更坏的是 , 更糟的是 make sth. a matter of conscience 凭良心做某事 matter at issue 争论点 ; 正在讨论的问题 no laughing matter 不是闹着玩的事 no matter how [what, when, where, who] 不管怎样 [ 什么 , 何时 , 哪里 , 谁 ]...

Question

What is Kenneth Lo’s view of food and eating?

deriving from thousands of years of tradition A. origin from B. change from C. take place

with regard to the primal importance of food A. as to B. regarding, concerning C. as for

Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life. A. craze B. horror C. happiness

Question

What authority is cited to support Lo’s view?

How does Lo’s view contrast with the approach common among the Westerners?

Proceed: vi. 开始进行 (to), 继续进行 (with), 出 ( 原 ) 自 (from)

proceed from the out side to the inside 由表及里 proceed to Beijing 去北京 proceed to the next business 着手另一工作 proceed to the degree of M.A. 得文学硕士学位 The talks proceeded in a friendly atmosphere.

会谈是在友好的气氛中进行的 。 See more phrases

【 set phrase 】 proceed against 【律】对 ( 某人 ) 依法起诉 ; 向法庭控告

( 某人、某企业等 ) proceed from 出于 , 来自 , 发生于 proceed on [upon] 按照 ... 行事 , 遵照 ... 进行 proceed to 向 ... 进发 ; 进入 (下一个议程项目 ); 改读 [获取 ] 学位 proceed with 继续进行

There are more!

【 SET PHRASE 】 export proceeds 出口收入 , 出口货款 life insurance proceeds 人寿保险收入 loan proceeds 借入资 金 net proceeds 纯收入 , 净收益 sales proceeds 销货进款 tax proceeds 捐税收入 , 税收 veterans‘ insurance proceeds 退伍军人保险收入 proceeds in cash 货币收入 proceeds of sale 销售收入

Question

What difference is there between typical Westerners and Chinese in their behavior in a restaurant?

All these have become much more part and parcel of the average person’s life than they have ever been.

A.packages and parcels B. articles C. small things D. essential part

Question

How has Chinese food developed in the world at large? How has it come about?

It is … that is (1) at the root of sudden and (2) phenomenal spread of Chinese food throughout (3) the length and breadth of the Western World.

(1) at the root (of): 实质上；根本上blush to the roots of one’s hair 脸红到发根get at (to) the root of sth. 追究根源grass roots 基层单位 (群众 )

pull one’s roots 改行 ,转行root and branch 全部地 to the root 完全的 ,彻底的the root of all evil 祸根

正是西方这种与日俱增的感官享受主义以及摆脱根深蒂固的生活习惯束缚的愿望 ,再加上中国饮食所固有的感知观念 ,很容易满足人的味觉 ,才可使得中国饮食能够快速遍布西方世界各个角落 .

(2) phenomenal:۞very unusual; extraordinary ~ strength ~ memory۞ known through sense a ~ experience

(3) (over/through) the length and breadth (of)

at arm’s length 保持一定的距离 ;疏远 at great length 详细地 ,充分地 at length 详细地 draw out to a great length 持续很久 go to any/ all / great lengths 不顾一切 length of days 长寿 ,长命

Question

What is a “proper Chinese meal” like? And how does it reflect the basic cultural

characteristics of the Chinese?

conform to:

vi. 遵守， 符合（ to ， with ） conform to the customs of society 遵守社会习俗 conform with the regulations 遵守规章

Discussion

Do you agree that Chinese cuisine is a product of the traditional Chinese philosophy of Taoism or is it just a time-honored dietary habit of an agricultural society?

Activity: Role Play Role A: You think that Chinese cuisine is the product of the

traditional Chinese philosophy. Try to convince your partner. Use the following points for help. Add your own opinions and evidence.

Taoism: Emphasizing human life in harmony with nature. Emphasizing the balance of yin – yang. Believing that life is a cycle. Confucianism:

Emphasizing a world with well-defined hierarchy of classes or orders.

Emphasizing observance of cultural rituals and time-honored traditions.

Emphasizing primary source of happiness of life in food.

Role B: You think that Chinese cuisine is just a time-honored dietary

habit of an agricultural society. Try to convince your partner. Use the following points for help. Add your own opinions and evidence.

1. Human beings must eat to survive. 2. It is human instinct to aspire for flavor, freshness,

fragrance, nutrition, etc. 3. Chinese cuisine is just a natural representation of geographic

and agricultural features.4. China was for a long time an agricultural society. That is why

we have more rice or wheat (or grains or corns) whereas the Westerners, originally a nomadic people, have more meat and diary diet. As Chinese culture paid more attention to raising domestic animals than pasture farming, Chinese consume more pork than mutton or beef.

Culture Information

Eating is an important part of culture. People have developed many customs and taboos about table manners. Therefore, some knowledge of the table will help you feel at ease and avoid embarrassment at a dinner party.

1) Don’t sit at a table where other people are already sitting, for people seldom share the table with strangers in restaurants in western countries. Don’t stand next to people who are eating and wait for them to finish, wait in the area provided for waiting.

Taboos at the Table

2) Don’t put the napkin ( 餐巾 ) to your vest (=waistcoat) or put it under your chin like a baby’s bib (涎巾，围嘴 ). Spread it on your lap.

3) Don’t use your handkerchief to wipe your mouth when eating. Use the napkin.

Taboos at the Table

4) Don’t put the napkin on the table when you must leave temporarily during the meal. It should be put on your chair. The napkin should be put back on the table only when the meal is finished.

5) Don’t bend over your food. Keep the plate close to you and pull up your chair so that you don’t have to lean forward. Sit up straight all the time.

6) Don’t bite a small piece out of a large piece of food and return the rest to your plate. Cut a small piece each time.

Taboos at the Table7) Don’t lift your plate or saucer from the table. 8) Don’t drink with the spoon from your cup.9) Don’t dip (蘸，浸 ) bread, doughnuts (炸面圈 ), coo

kies, etc into tea, milk or any other liquid food.10) Don’t make noise when you are chewing. Clo

se your mouth when eating. When you eat your soup, don’t sip it from your spoon, but swallow it all in one mouthful.

11) Don’t talk with your mouth full. If someone talks to you, wait until your mouth is empty before answering. Never blow food to cool it.

Taboos at the Table12) Don’t try to reach for the salt or pepper in front of

others. Ask your neighbor to pass it.13) Don’t eat with your hat or cap on in a restaurant.

But never put a hat or cap on the table. It should be hung up or put on a chair beside you.

14) Don’t take too much food on your fork, for it is generally considered bad manners to open one’s mouth wide at meals.

15) Don’t leave the seeds, bones or food you don’t want to eat on the table. Leave them on your plate.

Key to Translation

1. The landlady told me that the rent must be paid in advance.

2. Although this company boasts that its products are superior to those of their companies, they are actually inferior in quality.

3. What lies at the root of the problem is their lack of interest.

4.The police interviewed several witnesses, but none of them could tell how the accident came about.

5. The new building of the department store does not conform to the safety regulations.

6. She derived great satisfaction from her stamp collection

7. Colorful balloons and flags added to the festive atmosphere of the small town.

8.Money is very important, but happiness is not always associated with wealth.

Writing assignment

Our Eating Habits以学生自身的饮食习惯为素材。文章既要写出学生饮食的相似之处，又要有不同之处。 No less than 150 words.由于文章是建立于调查 ,最常见的开头语是： the survey indicates that… 参考的词和句型： The survey shows/ indicates/ reveals that…调查表明 such as… 诸如 … be fond of… 爱好 steamed bread 馒头 dumplings 水饺 seafood 海产品 cooked wheaten food 面食…

GrammarGrammar

不定式的用法不定式的用法

要求接不定式做宾语的动词有： expect, urge, intend, persuade, prefer, cause, encourage, tell, ask, make, let;

下列动词既可以用动名词也可以用不定式做宾语： remember, forget, regret, mean, like, hate, love, stop 。

remember, forget, regret 后接不定式时表示动作尚未发生；接动名词表示动作已经发生。

like, hate, love 后面接不定式表示一次性的或具体的动作，接动名词时表示习惯性或抽象的动作。

stop 后面加不定式表示停下现在的动作去干另一件事，加动名词表示停下现在正在做的事。

mean 后面加不定式表示打算去一件事，加动名词表示意思是什么。

If I had remembered ______ the window, the thief would not have got in.

A) to close B) closing C) to have closed D) having closed

答案为【 A 】【译 文】如果我记得去关窗户，贼就不会进来了。【解 析】 remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事”， remember doing sth. 表示“记得曾经做过某事”。根据题意， A 是正确答案。

I’ll never forget _________ you for the first time.

A) to meet B) to have met C) meeting D) having to be meeting

答案为【 C 】【解 析】 forget to do sth 表示“忘记去做某事”， forget doing sth. 表示“忘记曾经做过某事”。根据题意， C 是正确答案。【译 文】我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的情景。

There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ____ trouble.

A) making B) to make C) to have made D) having made

答案为【 B 】【解 析】 mean to do something 为不定式做 mean 的宾语，表示“打算 / 有意要做某事”；而 mean doing something 为动名词做 mean 的宾语，表示“意思是，意味着”。 B 为正确答案。【译 文】接待台旁有个似乎很生气的男人，我认为他打算找麻烦。

John regretted ____ to the meeting last week.

A) not going B) not to go

C) not having been going D) not to be going

答案为【 B 】【解 析】 regret to do something 为不定式做 regret 的宾语，表示“遗憾没做某事”； regret doing something 为动名词做 regret 的宾语，表示“后悔做过某事”。正确答案为 B 。【译 文】约翰很遗憾上星期没去开会。