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What are the functions of roots. List the 2 main types Take out outline Lets see the book...
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log What are the functions of roots. List the 2 main types Take out outline Lets see the book questions
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PLANT STRUCTURES
Lesson 3
Page 100-109
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KEY THINGS TO KNOW What are the functions of roots,
stems, and leaves?
How do seeds become new plants?
What are the structures of a flower?
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Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Chapter 12
Roots• Root Functions The following are the main
functions of roots:
• Roots supply plants with water and dissolved minerals via absorption from soil
• Roots anchor or hold plants securely in the soil.
• Roots store surplus food made during photosynthesis• Click to see root transport
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2 MAIN TYPES OF ROOTS
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ROOT SYSTEMS
Taproot systems
1 main root, or tap root, that grows downward.
Fibrous systems
several roots that spread out from the base of the stem.
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Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Chapter 12
Root hairs help to anchor plant and absorb nutrients and water
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Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Chapter 12
Roots, continued
• Root Structure The layers of cells that cover the surface of the roots is called the epidermis.
• After water and minerals are absorbed by the epidermis, they diffuse into the center of the root where the vascular tissue is located.
• A root cap can be found at the end of the root. The root cap protects the tip and helps the root continue to grow.
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Root StructureRoots have many structures.
Plant Structures
Root Cap protect the root
These cause the root to grow longer
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Section 4 Structures of Seed Plants
Chapter 12Stems
• Stem Functions A stem connects a plant’s roots to its leaves and flowers. A stem also has the following functions:
• Stems support the plant body.
• Stems transport materials between the root system and the shoot system.
• Some stems store materials such as food.
Two Main Types Woody and Herbaceous
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LOG: NOV. 2ND Complete Lab from yesterday. Describe how angiosperms are classified
by life cycle. What other ways can they be classified?
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RR Q1 In sporophyte stage, the plant produces
spores or seeds. The spore or seed develops into the plant’s second stage, the gametophyte. In the gametophyte stage the plant produces sperm and egg cells. During fertilization the egg and sperm unite to form a zygote. The zygote develops into a sporophyte and the cycle continues.
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RR Q2 Angiosperms can be classified as
annuals, biennials and perennials. Annuals complete their life cycle in one growing season. Biennials complete a life cycle in two years. Perennials live more than two years.
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RR Q3 In the process of fertilization the sperm
cell unites with the egg cell and forms a zygote.
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RR Q4 Angiosperms produce flowers. In each
flowers the anthers produce pollen. The ovule inside the ovary produces a egg cell. When a pollen grain lands on the stigma pollination occurs. A pollen tube grows down into the ovule and allows sperm to reach the egg. Fertilization takes place and a zygote is formed. The zygote becomes the seeds embryo and ovule becomes a seed. The ovary will then swell and become a fruit. The seed will soon grow and turn into a new plant
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LOG: NOV. 1ST Describe fertilization. Is it the same in
all plant life cycles?
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HOMEWORK DUE WEDNESDAY Make pictures of each stage in plant life. Do not write words on cards Pictures should be colored You may use pictures from notes
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LOG: NOV 4TH Define dormancy. Is it helpful to plants?
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LOG: NOV 5TH How do plants respond to seasonal
changes?
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LESSON 5 PLANT RESPONSES AND GROWTH
Pages 118-123
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KEYS
What are 3 stimuli that produce plant responses?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How do plants respond to seasonal changes?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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TROPISMS A plants growth response to a stimuli
Growing toward stimuli (positive tropism)Growing away from stimuli (negative
tropism) Types of Tropism
ThigmotropismGravitropismPhototropism
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Plant Responses and GrowthClick so see plants respond
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PLANT RESPONSES AND GROWTH
Plant Responses to StimuliThe stimuli in space are not always the same as those on Earth.
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Plant Responses and Growth Click
LightAll plants exhibit a response to light called phototropism.
Auxin (hormone)• Speeds up growth (cell
division)• Aids in tropism
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WHAT MAKES A PLAT FLOWER?
Photoperiodism- a plants response to hours of darknessFlowering plants can be grouped as
short-day plants, long-day plants, and day-neutral plants.
Critical night length-the number of hours of darkness that
determines weather or not a plant will flower.
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Plant Responses and Growth
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FIGURE 2 What do the clock faces represent?
Which is more important to the plant the number of hours of darkness or light?
When does a short day plant flower?
What names is given to plants that bloom no matter what the periods of darkness are?
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WINTER DORMACY Dormancy- the period when a plants
growth or activity stops During the winter months many plants
become dormant
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During the spring and summer the leaves do photosynthesis numerous cells containing chlorophyll, which gives the leaf its green color.
Along with the green pigment are yellow to orange pigments, carotenes and xanthophyll pigments which, for example, give the orange color to a carrot. Most of the year these colors are masked by great amounts of green coloring.
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CHLOROPHYLL BREAKS DOWN
In the fall, because of changes in the length of daylight and changes in temperature, the leaves stop photosynthesis.
The chlorophyll breaks down, the green color disappears, and the yellow to orange colors become visible and give the leaves part of their fall splendor.
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The graph shows how many seeds germinated over time at each temperature.
Plant Responses and Growth
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Roving for Life in SpaceThe rover has found three living things and one of them is a plant. Which sample is that plant?
Plant Responses and Growth
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The Role of Plants in an EcosystemWhat are two other roles that an oak tree serves for living or nonliving things?
Plants in Everyday Life
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Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
AngiospermsVascularPlantsSporophyte
PollenGametophyteXylemNonvascular
Chapter 12 Introduction to Plants
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Chapter 12 Introduction to Plants
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Chapter 12 Introduction to Plants