15/05/2023

S30 Unit D: Energy Technologies

Today, we will examine some of the technologies used for converting energy from one form to another.

1. Coal/Oil Fired Power Plant

- Coal is used to produce more than 70% of Alberta’s ________________.- Converts ____________ potential energy into _____________ energy.

Process:- Crush coal to fine ________, blow into ____________ chamber, IGNITE.- Energy released is absorbed by _____________ lining the chamber.- Water is converted to ____________; causes ___________ to spin, connected to ____________.

2. Hydroelectric Power Plant

- Moving water possess’ __________ energy; hydroelectricity generates 19% of worlds _____________ = renewable resource.

- 95% of Quebec’s energy comes from water.

- Original source of energy is the _______→ water heated by sun ________________ → carried by air ___________ → forms ____________ and falls at higher altitude. Converts energy to _____________ energy.

- _______________ __________ energy is converted into electricity.- Store water in reservoir → _________ the reservoir level = more ___________ energy created.- Force of water pushes against ____________ blades → blades turn and _________ convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. Transformers increase voltage.

- Provide 5% of Energy in Alberta.

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Name: _____________

Date: _____________

15/05/2023

- Power must be assessed based on _____________, _________________ and _____________ concerns:- Renewable, ____________ free and 80% ______________, low per kWh cost.- __________ loss due to reservoir filling (impedes movement of nutrients = ↓ fertility).- _____________ of metals into water = ↓ quality.- Interactions with _______________ ecosystem/species.

3. Tidal Energy- Tidal bulges are caused by the __________________ attraction between the ________-earth and the _______-earth systems. The earth rotates under the bulges. The result is variations in

coastal sea levels daily.

- Neap tide = low tide (when sun is at ___° to the moon)- Spring tide = high tide (when sun, earth and moon are in a _______ ______).

- These fluctuations cause water to rush into tidal basins approximately _______ each day. This flowing water can be used to turn _________ to generate ___________. Turbines are designed for work at both high and low tide (inflow or outflow).

Tidal generators are operational in Canada in the Bay of Fundy.

While they do not generate _____________ and require no ________ source, they do disturb natural ecological areas.

They also generate very __________ amounts of power (1/3 of hydro).

3. CANDU Nuclear Power Plant

- CANDU stands for Canadian Deuterium Uranium Reactor, a nuclear reactor developed and used in Canada (and worldwide) in the 1960s.

- This particular plant is very fuel ___________ and can be refuelled without ___________.

- It holds the world record for longest running nuclear plant without a shutdown: over two full years.

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15/05/2023

5. Geothermal Power Plant- Uses a loop of _______ in the ground to collect ______ (like solar)- Pipes filled with antifreeze, heat from Earth’s _______ is used to heat buildings- Used from the 1940’s on.- ______________ to install but _______ energy needed to operate- Converts __________ potential energy to ___________ energy.

How is geothermal energy like nuclear energy? Nuclear ___________ at the Earth's core generate the ________ that is used in geothermal energy and drives many geological phenomenon.

6. Wind Turbines

- Wind travelling through a smaller opening (_____________) generates lots of ___________ energy.- SW corner of AB is well suited for this.- _________ energy converted to ______________ energy = ___________ energy in air increases→ _________ energy of turbine → ___________ energy of generator.- Convection currents create Westerly's that flow across Alberta.

Advantages:- Fastest growing form of electricity generation in Canada; ____________ provides energy source (_______________).- ___________ (used for cities and homes).

Limitations:- Limited usage due to required conditions.- __________ energy source.- __________ conversion (30%) to electricity.- Land _______ for wind farms.

Practice: Read page 590: Perspectives and their Focus

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