Land Biomes Notes

Biomes• _Biome____- geographical areas that have similar climates and ecosystems. Biomes contain ____multiple ecosystems___.

Tundra• Found in latitudes around the __north___ __pole___• Precipitation: __30-50 cm_____ Temperature: Summer _12 o C __ Winter -_-26 o C __• __Soil is very poor_____• __Permafrost___- layer of permanently frozen soil.• Known as:

“____Land of the Midnight Sun_____”• Winter lasts __6___ to __9___ months with no daylight

• Summer is _cold____ and __short_____ with 24 hours of sunlight a day

Tundra Plants

1) true mosses 3) grasses2) lichens 4) small shrubs

Tundra Animals

1) snowy owl 4) caribou2) artic hare 5) musk oxen3) lemming

Coniferous Forest or Taiga• Worlds __largest_____ land biome

• Precipitation: __35-75 cm__ Temperature: Summer __14 o C __ Winter __-10 o C ____• __Cone____ bearing plants• Needle-like leaves _conserve_____water__ and allow trees not tohave ___snow build up on_______the branches____.

Coniferous Plants

1) fir tree 2) spruce treeConiferous Animals

1) black bear 3) badger2) lynx 4) moose

Temperate Deciduous Forest• Precipitation: __75-125 cm_____ Temperature: Summer _28 o C _ Winter _6 o C _• Deciduous comes from the Latin word “____to fall off______”• __Trees change color in the changing of the seasons____• Trees _lose__ __leaves__ in order to conserve water• _Leaf litter__ makes the soil fairly __rich with nutrients____. Temperate Deciduous Plants

1) Wild Flowers 3) Maple Trees2) Oak Trees

Temperate Deciduous Animals

1) bald eagles 3) snake2) mouse 4) leopard

frog

Tropical Rain Forest

• _Located near the equator______• Precipitation: Up to __400 cm____• Temperature: Stays consistently warm/hot year round

• Soil is _poor__ and _acidic___• Most plants have shallow___ __roots___

• Biome that has the most _biological___ __diversity___

Tropical Rain Forest Plants

1) Giant ferns 3) orchids2) Mahogany trees

Tropical Rain ForestAnimals

1) jaguar 3) toucan2) butterfly

Grasslands

• Consists of _plains__, steppes, _savanna__, pampas• “__Breadbasket of the world_” found on every continent• Precipitation: __25-75 cm____• Temperature: Summer- __30 o C __ Winter- __0 o C _____

• Grasslands are known by many names.• U.S.A. – ___plains or prairies________• Asia – ___steppe_______• South America – ____pampas______• Africa –_____veldt or savanna_____________• Australia - ___savanna____________

Temperate Grasslands• ____Few trees__ grow in the temperate grassland.• __Fires__ prevent slow growing plants from getting too big• Many consist of ____small, seed eating mammals, and some large herbivores________

Savanna• Precipitation: __150 cm___ Temperature: Dry Season _34 o C __ Wet Season __16 0 C __

• Can have scattered _clumps of trees___• __Large herbivores___ inhabit the savanna• ____Giraffes, zebras, gazelles, and wildebeests___________________

Animals of the Savana:

1) Giraffes 2) Zebras

3) wildebeests

Deserts• Temperatures are extremely hot __during the________day____ and very cold __at night____. • Biome that receives the ___least annual ________rainfall each year____.• Plants have deep_ or _long__ spread out roots to reach water• Plants grow far apart to __reduce___ _competition__• Animals are _adapted___ to survive extremely dry weather (ex: _large ears___, _recycle water_)

Desert Animals and Plants1) fox 2) lizard 3) snake 4) cactus