Feature Calibration Network for Occluded Pedestrian Detection
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Guided Notes: Atmosphere
Layers of the Atmosphere
Atmosphere: Absorbs solar radiation, Burns up meteors, transports and recycles water, and other chemicals, and moderates climate
Main Components:
o Meteorology is the study of:
Weather Climate
Ex. Ex.
o Air Density : Cold air is __________ dense than warm air.
Pressure SystemsLow Pressure High Pressure
Global Winds :o The atmosphere __________ itselfo It moves __________ air to the poles and __________ air toward the equatoro Jet streams are:
Air Masses are _______ bodies of air that take on the ___________________ of the area they cover (land and water)
Fronts are the __________ regions separating two _____________________.
Front Type Definition SymbolWarm
Cold
Stationary
Occluded
Water Vapor in the Atmosphere
o Precipitation is: __________________________________________________________
Humidity Relative Humidity
o Saturation is when air contains the ______________ quantity of water vapor that it can hold at a given _______________ and _______________. __________ air contains more water vapor than _________ air
Dew Point is: __________________________________________________________________
Cloud Formation
1. Condensation Nuclei:
2. Coalescence:
3. Precipitation:
Clouds are classified by:
Interpreting Weather Models and Maps
We can find all of the following through reading a weather model: Temperature, Dew Point, Cloud Cover, Present Weather, Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Location, and Atmospheric Pressure (mb)
Temperature:
Current Weather:
Dew Point:
Cloud Cover:
Pressure:
Wind Speed:
Wind Direction:
Pressure Differences
Isobars:
Pressure Gradient:
Closely Spaced Isobars:
Widely Spaced Isobars:
Think about it: What causes our seasons? Why is weather different in different seasons?
What’s Taking Place in the Weather Model to the Left?
Severe Weather
Thunderstorms
o Thunderstorms: Generates ____________ and _______________o Gusty Winds, heavy rains, hailo 45, 000 a day across the world!
o Lightening: results from the build up and discharge of electric energy between ______________ charged ground and _____________ clouds.
o Thunder: the sound of rapidly __________ gases usually associated with lightning
Stages of Thunderstorm Development:
Tornados
Take the form of a rotating column of _______
called a ___________
oUplift turns vortex _____________
Pressure ___________ lower than ____________
oAir rushes in to ___________ pressure
Hurricanes
Whirling ___________ that produce winds of at least __________
o Called ____________ in the U.S.
Development-Late __________: Warm _________ to provide heat and moisture
1. Cumulus Stage 2. Mature Stage 3. Dissipating Stage
Parts of a Hurricane
o Eye: __________________________________________________________
o Eye Wall ______________________________________________________
o Spiral Rain Bands _______________________________________________
Hurricane Intensity measured on the ____________________________________
Hurricane Watch Hurricane Warning
World Climates
The Koppen Climate Classification Systemo Most commonly used for classification of ________________o Uses mean monthly and annual ______________ and _________________
Tropical
Temperate
Polar
Dry
Highland
Studying Climate Change
Ice Cores Pollen Analysis
To predict what will happen in the future, scientists use ________________________
Both ___________ factors and _______________ factors are influencing climate!
The Greenhouse Effect-A __________warming of Earth
o Major gases: _____________________________________________________
o Makes life as we know it possible on Earth!
Natural Processes that Change Climate
Volcanic Eruptions
Ocean Circulations
Solar Activity
Earth’s Motions
CO2 Fluctuations
El Nino and La Nina
Human Effect on Climate Change
Global Climate Change= ____________________________________________________o Climate changes naturally, but recent rapid changes are thought to be due to
human activities Earth’s ___________ depends on how much of the sun’s ____________ enters the
atmosphere and how much escapes back into ______________o Atmospheric gases that absorb the radiation are ______________________o This warms the Earth’s surface and is called the _______________________o Rising __________________ of greenhouse gases in recent decades has resulted
in global warming, an increase in ______________________________________
Human Impact on Climate ChangesGlobal Warming
CO2
Burning of Fossil Fuels
Deforestation
Halocarbon Gases
Sea Level Rise
Ocean Acidification
Air Pollution
Air Pollution= ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Natural sources of air pollution include ________________________________________ Human caused air pollution includes:
o Point source: _______________________________________________________ Example: ________________________________
o Nonpoint Source: ____________________________________________________ Example: ________________________________
o Primary Pollutants: ___________________________________________________ Example: ________________________________
o Secondary Pollutants: ________________________________________________ Example: ________________________________
Acid Precipitation= ______________________________________________________o Reactants of pollutants with water, oxygen, and oxidants to form acids that fall on
surface as precipitationo Can fall many miles from where originated!
Think about it: What are some ways we can reduce air pollution?