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BAC GIANG PROVINCIAL PEOPLE’S COMMITTEEMANAGEMENT BOARD FOR INVESTMENT AND CONSRUCTION PROJECTS ON

AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE--------o0o--------

DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (WB8)

REPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA)

SUBPROJECT: DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8)

IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE

BAC GIANG, DECEMBER 2018

BAC GIANG PROVINCIAL PEOPLE’S COMMITTEEMANAGEMENT BOARD FOR INVESTMENT AND CONSRUCTION PROJECTS ON

AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE ----------o0o----------

DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (WB 8)

REPORTENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA)

SUBPROJECT: DAM REHABILITATION AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT (WB8)IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE

REPRESENTATIVE OF OWNER REPRESENTATIVE OF CONSULTANT

MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR REPAIRING AND IMPROVING THE

DAME SAFETY IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE

THANG LONG INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION CONSULTANT JOINT

STOCK COMPANY

BAC GIANG, DECEMBER 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 5

1.1. Scope of the Assessment...............................................................................................................61.2. Socio-environmental Aspects to be considered in Sub-project.....................................................61.3. Approaches and Methodology for Social Impact Assessment......................................................61.4. Consultant Team............................................................................................................................8

CHAPTER 2: SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION 102.1. General Information....................................................................................................................102.2. Project Description......................................................................................................................102.2.1. Location of the Subproject.......................................................................................................102.2.2. The main items of the Subproject............................................................................................132.2.3. Materials, machinery and equipment for construction............................................................532.2.4. The land area acquired of the subproject.................................................................................822.2.5. The construction method and timetable...................................................................................832.2.6. Human resources and construction progress............................................................................852.2.7. Operational and maintenance activities...................................................................................86

CHAPTER 3: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 883.1 Country's Environmental and Social Safeguards Policies and Legislations.................................883.1.1. Country's Environmental and Social Safeguards Policies and Legislations 3.1.1.1. National Policy on Environment......................................................................................................................883.1.2. Bac Giang’s environmental and social policies.......................................................................903.1.3. Compliance to the environmental and social impact assessment............................................913.2. World Bank Safeguard Policies...................................................................................................923.2.1. World Bank Safeguard Policies on the Project........................................................................923.2.2. World Bank Safeguard Policies on the Subproject..................................................................923.3. Summary of environmental assessment process of WB & Government.....................................94

CHAPTER 4: NATURAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE SUBPROJECT AREA 101

4.1. Natural Condition......................................................................................................................1014.1.1. Geographical and Ggeological Conditions............................................................................1014.1.2. Weather and meteorological conditions.................................................................................1034.1.3 Hydrological and marine hydrology conditions.....................................................................1054.1.4. Disaster situation in the sub-project area...............................................................................1054.1.5. The environmental situation of the project area....................................................................1064.1.6. Biological resources and ecosystem conditions.....................................................................1094.2. Socio-economic conditions of the subproject area....................................................................1104.2.1. Economic conditions..............................................................................................................1104.2.2. The situation of agricultural production................................................................................1114.2.3. Population and ethnic minorities...........................................................................................1114.2.4. Educational situation..............................................................................................................1124.2.5. Health-care situation..............................................................................................................1124.2.6. The infrastructure...................................................................................................................1124.2.7. Current status of domestic water supply and sanitation.........................................................1134.2.8. Customs, habits, and etiquette of people in the project area..................................................1134.2.9. Gender equality issues...........................................................................................................113

CHAPTER 5: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS 1185.1. Environmental Incidents Related to the Reservoirs..................................................................1185.2. Environmental and Social Screening.........................................................................................1185.3. Ethnic minority screening..........................................................................................................1195.4. Gender screening.......................................................................................................................1195.5. Positive Environmental and Social Impacts of the Sub-project................................................1205.6. Negative Environmental and Social Impacts.............................................................................1215.6.1. Types of negative impacts.....................................................................................................121

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5.6.2. Preparation phase...................................................................................................................1225.6.3. Potential Negative Impacts during the Construction phase...................................................1275.6.2.2.2. Specific impacts of 13 reservoirs of the Subproject........................................................1465.6.4. Potential impacts during the operation phase........................................................................1505.6.5. Incidents and risks..................................................................................................................151

CHAPTER 6: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 1586.1. The analysis of socio-economic conditions, natural and environmental conditions in the Sub-project implementation options........................................................................................................1586.2. The options for selecting the optimal construction solutions....................................................160

CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) 1627.1. Objectives of the environmental and social management plan (ESMP)...................................1627.2. Mitigation measures..................................................................................................................1627.2.1. Potential impacts and mitigation measures............................................................................1627.2.2 Mitigation measures during construction period....................................................................1657.3.3. Mitigation measures in operation phase................................................................................2037.2.4. Measures to reduce risks and incidents..................................................................................2047.3 Organization of implementation.................................................................................................2067.3.1 Project management................................................................................................................2067.3.2 Roles and responsibilities for environmental and social safety management.........................2077.4 The compliance with the Environment framework....................................................................2107.4.1 Contractor's environmental duties..........................................................................................2117.4.2 The Contractor’s Safety, Social and Environmental Officers................................................2127.4.3 Environmental and social monitoring during construction.....................................................2137.4.4 Compliance with contract and legal requirements..................................................................2137.4.5 Reporting.................................................................................................................................2137.5 Grievance redress mechanism....................................................................................................2147.5.1 Procedures for complaints and settlement..............................................................................2147.5.2 Contractors and Construction Supervision Consultant...........................................................2157.5.3 The World Bank’s Grievance Redress Mechanism................................................................2167.6 ESMP implementation plan........................................................................................................2177.6.1 Contractor's Social and Environmental Management Plan.....................................................2177.6.2 Start up the sub-project and personnel....................................................................................2177.7 Capacity building and training...................................................................................................2177.7.1 Training on safeguard policy..................................................................................................2177.7.2 Training on occupational safety and health............................................................................2187.7.3 Orientation of visitors.............................................................................................................2187.7.4 Training contractors and new workers....................................................................................2187.7.5 Training on basic occupational health and safety...................................................................2187.8. Environmental monitoring plan.................................................................................................2197.8.1. Monitoring the compliance with mitigation measures...........................................................2197.8.2 Monitoring environment quality.............................................................................................2197.9. Estimated cost............................................................................................................................223

CHAPTER 8: PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 2298.1. Public consultation objectives...................................................................................................2298.2. The participants and methodology of consultation meetings....................................................2298.3. Summary of consultation results...............................................................................................2318.4. Commitment of the Subproject Owner......................................................................................2388.5 Information Disclosure...............................................................................................................238

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 240

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 - List of ESIA Consultant Team 8Table 2.1. Summary of information on the reservoirs status and construction items of the Subproject

13Table 2.2: Land exploitation for improving reservoirs under the sub-project 53Table 2.3: Material transporting for improving reservoirs of Subproject 58Table 2.4: The landfill of the Subproject 59Table1 2.5 List of machines and equipments used for construction of a reservoir under the sub-project

82Table 2.6. The permanent and temporary acquisition land area of the subproject 82Table 2.7: The average timetable for construction works of 1 reservoir 86Table 3. Summary of environmental assessment process of WB & Government 94Table 4.1: Monthly and yearly average temperature characteristics 103Table 4.2: Monthly average relative humidity characteristic 104Table 4.3: Number of the monthly average sunshine hours 104Table 4.4: Monthly and yearly average rainfall 104Table 4.5: Monthly and yearly average wind speed 104Table 4.6: Economic structure of the districts in the subproject areas 110Table 4.7: Average income per capita in 13 communes in the subproject areas 110Table 4.8. Agricultural production situation of 13 sub-project communes 111Table 4.9: Population and ethnic minorities in 13 communes in the subproject 111Table 4.10: The current status of the sensitive/ characteristic facilities of the reservoirs in the Sub-project area 114Table 5.1: Irrigated and benefited area of the Sub-project 120Table 5.2: The criteria for classification of negative impacts 121Table 5.3: Checklist of potential negative impacts 126Table 5.4: Dust diffusion caused by earth excavation and filling 128Table 5.5: Forecast of dust concentration by distance during soil exploitation 129Table 5.6: Dust and exhaust emission volume by earth transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject 130Table 5.7: Dust and exhaust emission concentration by land transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject 131Table 5.8: Dust and exhaust emission volume by organic soil transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject 133Table 5.9: Dust and exhaust emission concentration by organic land transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject 133Table 5.10: Dust and exhaust emission volume by materials transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject 135Table 5.11: Dust and exhaust emission concentration by material transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject 136Table 5.12: Pollutant load and concentration in domestic wastewater of 50 workers/day/reservoir 139Table 5.13: The affected roads from transporting activities of the subproject 141Table 5.14: Maximum Noise Levels from Means of Motor Vehicles and Construction Equipment (dBA) 144Table 5.15: Specific impacts of the reservoirs in the Sub-project 146Table 5.16: Identifying and assessing the negative impacts of the Sub-project 154Table 7.1: Environmental and social impacts and mitigation measures during the preparation stage

162Table 7.2: Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) for addressing construction-related impacts 167Table 7.3: Measures to mitigate specific impacts of the reservoirs in the Sub-project 193Specific mitigation measures in the operational phase are presented in the table below: 203Table 7.4: Environmental and social impacts and mitigation measures during the operation stage 203Table 7.5: Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders 208Table 7.6: Reporting requirements 214

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Table 7.7: Environmental monitoring plan for construction phase 220Table 7.8: Environmental monitoring plan 221Table 7.9: Estimated costs for CESMP implementation monitoring and training 223Table 7.10: Funding for CESMP monitoring 224Table 7.11: Summary of negative impact mitigation measure and responsibilities of stakeholders of the Subproject 225Table 8.1: List of participants attending consultation meetings 229Table 8.2: Some comments recorded during the consultation meetings 232

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Location map of 13 reservoirs under Subproject 12Figure 4.1. Geographical conditions of areas under the Subproject 102Figure 4.2. Forest area planting Acacia in the upstream of Khe Cat reservoir 109Figure 4.3. The hilly zone planting orange in the upstream of Lang Thum reservoir 109Figure 4.4. The hilly zone planting fruit plants and Acacia in the Ba Bai reservoir area 109Figure 4.5. The hilly zone planting Acacia in the Khe Dang reservoir area 109Figure 5.1. A house built on upstream of Lang Thum reservoir 123Figure 5.2. Management house to be demolished at Khe Chao reservoir 123Figure 5.3. Management house to be demolished at Chong Chenh reservoir 123Figure 5.4. Management house to be demolished at Khe Ray reservoir 123Figure 5.5. Management house to be demolished at Khe Dang reservoir 124Figure 5.6. Some assets of household who did tourism bussiness at Khe Cat reservoir 124Figure 5.7. Acacia planted at downstream of Cuc Coc reservoir 124Figure 5.8. Proposed site to build management house for Bau Lay reservoir 124Figure 5.9. Households live near Khe Chao reservoir - about 400m from the dam 145Figure 5.10. Households live near Chin Suoi reservoir - about 300m from the dam 145Figure 5.11. Households live near Bay Lay reservoir - about 200m from the dam 145Figure 5.12. Households live near Dong Man reservoir - about 500m from the dam 145Figure 7.1. The flow chart of the project implementation organization 207Figure 7.2. The Subproject’s diagram for implementation of Environment Safeguard Policy 208

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ABBREVIATIONS

AH Affected Household

AP Affected People

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand

CPC Communal People’s Committee

CPO Central Project Office (MARD)

CSB Communal Supervision Board

CSC Construction Supervision Consultant

DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

DO Dissolved Oxygen

DONRE Department Of Natural Resources and Environment

DPC District People’s Committee

EMDP Ethnic Minority Development Plan

ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan

ESMoP Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework

GoV Government of Vietnam

HH Household

IMC Irrigation Management Company

MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

QCVN National Technical Regulation

OP Operational Policies of the WB

PMU Provincial Management Unit

QCVN National Technical Regulation

RAP Resettlement Assessment Plan

RPF Resettlement Policy Framework

WB World Bank

WHO World Health organization

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement subproject in Bac Giang province” The subproject is one of the subprojects being considered for implementing in the second phase under the World Bank-financed: Vietnam Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Project (DRSIP). This Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is prepared in accordance with the WB Safeguard Policies and the current Vietnam Law on Environment Protection (LEP).

2. Background: The subproject includes repairing and improving the safety of 13 reservoirs in 4 districts (Son Dong district, Luc Ngan district, Luc Nam district, and Yen The district) and 13 communes (Long Son commune, Vinh Khuong commune, Bien Dong commune, Tan Hoa commune, Tru Huu commune, Quy Son commune, Truong Son commune, Nghia Phuong commune, Huyen Son commune, Dong Phu commune, Bao Son commune, Dong Vuong commune, Dong Huu commune). The 13 reservoirs of the subproject were built from 15 years to 50 years ago, during the use and exploitation year by year, the construction systems of the project are facing many problems including: (i) Many reservoirs and the dam routes have leaking phenomenon, the water flow is transparence; (ii) Outlet sluice are leaked; (iii) Flood control spillways are degraded, spillway surfaces are damaged; (iv) The reservoir management houses are degraded, some reservoirs do not have any management house; (v) The management roads to the reservoirs mainly are the earthen roads causing many difficulties to traffic and storm prevention and rescue. In the dry season, the flow to the reservoirs are very small while the demands for water supply are high. Management activities from the headworks to the canal systems are inadequate in many aspects.

3. Proposed Repair and Improvement: The categories are proposed to be upgraded and improved including: (i) treatment of dam bodies and bases, treatment of erosions and landslides; (ii) reinforcement of upstream surface slopes with concrete and stone blocks, and with grass growing and downstream drainage ditches supplementing; (iii) repair of outlet sluice; (iv) repair and improvement of the spillway to ensure the safety of the main dam, even in the case of the highest possible flood and bridge developing over the spillway; (iv) building of management houses; (v) building of management roads

4. Main objectives of the subproject: (i) To ensure the safety of the reservoirs in the process of exploiting and adapting to climate change, increasing the safety for people and infrastructures in downstream areas; (ii) To ensure the initial design of irrigation for 3032.5 ha of cultivated land in 15 communes: Long Son (Khe Chao reservoir); Vinh Khuong, Le Vien and An Lap communes and clean water supplying for An Chau town (Khe Dang reservoir); Bien Dong commune (Dong Man reservoir); Tan Hoa commune (Vat Phu reservoir); Tru Huu commune (Bay Lay reservoir); Quy Son commune (Lang Thum reservoir); Truong Son commune (Khe Cat reservoir); Nghia Phuong (Khe Ray reservoir); Huyen Son (Cua Coc reservoir); Dong Phu commune (Chua Ong reservoir); Bao Son commune (Ba Bai reservoir); Dong Vuong (Chong Chenh reservoir); Dong Huu (Chin Suoi reservoir).

5. Results of environmental and social screening: Based on the environmental and social screening, the subproject is not located within or near any critical natural habitats and there are no rare and threatened species in the subproject area. There are no special areas, architecture, cultural relics, beliefs or histories facilities within the construction sites. With respect to ethnic minorities, in the subproject areas, 07/105 of BAH households are Tay ethnic minorities in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district. In the subproject area, there are 5 dams with a maximum height of more than 15 meter and the reservoir volume of more than 3 million m3 that classified as large dams under the World Bank’s dam safety policy and

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therefore the subproject needs to be created and implemented the dam safety plans. The World Bank policies have been triggered for the sub-project. These are: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12), Indigenous Peoples (OP/BP 4.10), Pest Management (OP 4.09), and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37). The subproject is classified as Category B, and may have potential negative environmental and social impacts, and requires respective mitigation measures.

6. Environmental and social impacts: Potential impacts of the subproject are mainly positive impacts. It is expected that communities will be benefited from the following positive impacts: (i) safe and stable water resources supplying, facilitating conditions to agricultural production and improving local livelihoods; (ii) improving dam safety to protect the life and property of the people living downstream of the dams.

However, the project implementation process will have some potential negative impacts and risks on the natural and social environment related to: (i) land acquisition and clearance problems, loss of covering vegetation and trees due to being cut down; (ii) the risks of explosive materials remaining on the construction site from previous Vietnam war; (iii) safety hazards for workers and local communities involved in the construction and operation of construction machinery and vehicles; (iv) other common construction impacts such as the emission of harmful smoke, dust, waste, sewage, damaging of local roads. The most noteworthy issue in the operational phase is the risk of flooding events in downstream flood spillways after the spillways are upgraded and widened; (v) the concentration of construction workers (on average of 50 workers/reservoir) to live and work in 13 communes of Sub-project can increase the social evils and local insecurity and disturbance affecting the life and customs of the people; and (vi) the most considered issue in the operation phase is the risk of flooding in downstream of the flood control spillways after being extended. The completion of the Sub-project will importantly contribute to ensure the volume of irrigation water for 3,025 ha of agricultural land while will not increase the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides due to the Sub-project has only repaired the dams, sluices, flood control spillways and auxiliary works that has not increased the volume of the reservoir and the area of irrigation.

7. Risk of dam broken failure: The downstream of 13 conmmunes in the subproject area is settled and lived and stablely produced by the people and their infrastructures located in Long Son commune (Khe Chao reservoir), Vinh Khuong commune (Khe Dang reservoir); Bien Dong commune (Dong Man reservoir); Tan Hoa commune (Vat Phu reservoir); Tru Huu commune (Bay Lay reservoir); Quy Son commune (Lang Thum reservoir); Truong Son commune (Khe Cat reservoir); Nghia Phuong (Khe Ray reservoir); Huyen Son (Cua Coc reservoir); Dong Phu commune (Chua Ong reservoir); Bao Son commune (Ba Bai reservoir); Dong Vuong (Chong Chenh reservoir); and Dong Huu (Chin Suoi reservoir). If the dam is broken, the losses of lives and property of the people are immeasurable.

8. Mitigation measures: To minimize the potential negative impacts mentioned above. The environmental and social management plan (ESMP) has been prepared as an integral part of this ESIA. In the feasibility study report, the subproject will allocate funds for clearing UXO and landmines in the area of repairing items. To ensure the dam safety and convenient transportation, the subproject has selected to upgrade the management roads at 13 reservoirs.

The total volume of land that used for damming works in reservoirs is estimated at 141,781m3, so the amount of exploited land is not so much, and the exploited land minings are hills that allocated to households and was agreed by the households in exploitation. The landfills in the subproject, mainly are received the organic soil in the dams with not so much mass and volume (estimated at 197,857m3), this soil can also be improved for planting. Other impacts during construction activities will be managed through appropriate construction

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measures and schedules and the environmental parameters requirements will be required as part of the tender documents. Potential impacts related to increased flood drainage through flood control spillways to the downstream area will be investigated and addressed during the detailed technical design phase of the subproject. The Subproject management unit is responsible for ensuring that the ESMP is implemented in 13 reservoirs during the detailed design, procurement and construction phases.

9. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). Land area to be acquired permanently is 0.86 ha, acquired temporarily is 0.85 ha of land for perennial trees under this subproject. The affected acacia area is 1.71 ha. The affected area is 105 BAH households, in which, 07 vulnerable households are Tay ethnic minorities people living in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district. No households are seriously affected because these households only acquired a small area of perennial trees land (<10%) compared to the total land area that they were using so the subproject will not significant impact to their income and livelihood. The RAP estimated that 1,974,000,000 VND (approximately US $85,1592) will be paid to affected households.

10. Emergency preparedness plan (EPP) for 13 reservoirs of the subproject: The emergency plan is prepared in accordance with the specific conditions of the construction works. The main activities of the plan are including: Strengthening supervision of hydraulic work management and exploitation board; definitions and notice of alarming levels; data collection; broken failure analysis; flood map preparedness; organization arrangement; training and exercise of the EPP; and cost estimation relating to the EPP.

11. Institutional organization. The CPO recruits and hires independent monitoring consultants and project support consultants to conduct independent monitoring and regular supports of project activities. They will assess the compliance with the safeguard policies and the implementation of the tools in practice. There are Environmental Management Plan/Environment Codes of Practice (ECOP), Resettlement Policy Framework/Resettlement Action Plan, Ethnic Minority Development Plan, and Gender Action Plan.

For this Subproject, the PPMU is responsible for the implementation and monitoring of implementation of ESIA, ensuring that bidding documents and contracts include environmental covenants for Contractors’ compliance. The Contractors will carry out construction activities and comply with environmental covenants in the contracts. The Contractor's environmental and social management plan (CESMP) is prepared and submitted for the PPMU’s review and approval and sent to relevant units and disseminated to the community in accordance with the law of Vietnam before the Contractor commences the construction activities. The PPMU and its Consultants will monitor the compliance with the mitigation measures agreed with the Contractors. In addition, the Contractors’ compliance will be closely monitored by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Bac Giang province, local authorities and local people.

12. Capacity building. During the implementation, the PPMU has received supports from the CPMU on the World Bank's environmental safeguard policy. CPMU and PPMU staff has been trained by the World Bank safeguard specialists on environmental safeguard policies to address the WB’s operational policy requirements for the Subproject implementation such as OP4.01 (Environmental Assessment), General Guidelines for Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) by IFC, OP 4.04 (Natural Habitats), OP 4.10 (Indigenous Peoples) and OP4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement) etc. During the subproject implementation, the training on the environmental safeguard policy by the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) and Contractor's EHS staff is regular to update the relevant information. The PPMU, during the subproject implementation, receives regular supports from the Independent Monitoring Consultant and Technical Assistance Consultant on the CPMU's safeguard policy relating on the management of dam safety risks, monitoring the implementation of the CESMP.

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13. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). Complaints related to the Subproject will be resolved by negotiations to reach consensus with locally-affected people. Complaints will be resolved through three stages before submission to court pursuant to the provisions of the Law on Complaints in 2011. The PPMU will pay all administrative and legal fees related to the receipt of complaints as it is included in the subproject budget.

14. Community consultation: During the months of April and June, 2018, the ESIA consultants conducted one consultation stage at provincial and district levels and two consultation stages in 13 communes of Sub-project. The main contents of the consultation meetings are the general introduction of the Sub-project budget source, the Sub-project program, the summary of the proposed technical options and the environmental and social impacts as well as the negative impact mitigation measures during construction and operation processes, the consultation with local governmental representatives and local communities on the environmental impacts and the mitigation measures in the process of preparation, construction and operation. After the consultations, the local opinions were heard and acknowledged by the Management Board of Agriculture and Rural Development Investment Projects of Bac Giang province and the ESIA consultant. The local authorities and communities are very supportive for the Sub-project investment and requesting the subproject owner and the construction contractors to fully implement the commitments to protect the local living environment and the social order and security. The consultations will be conducted regularly during construction to promptly address issues related to environmental impact assessment.

15. Information disclosure. In compliance with OP 4.01 policy and the World Bank's policy on access to information, since the preparation phase of the subproject, the subproject information was transmitted through mass media to local authorities and communities. The PPMU disseminated subproject description, objectives and potential impacts and mitigation measrues to locally-affected peoples and local NGOs and consulted with them in April 2018. The draft ESIA in Vietnamese was also sent to the CPCs for dissemination and consultation in June 2018. Tentatively, the final ESIA will be disclosed on project website in Vietnamese and the WB external website in English in November 2018 before the subproject appraisal.

16. Budget allocation: The estimated cost of the sub-project is 231,501,325,000 VND. The estimated cost of the implementation of the ESMP is 1,76,055,000 VND (equivalent to $50,735), in which: 503,955000 VND will be used for social and environmental monitoring; capacity building: 312,000,000VND; gender action plan: 360,100,000 VND.

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Vietnam is one of the nations that own largest network of dams and hydraulic infrastructure in the world, including 7,000 dams of different types and sizes. More than 750 dams are able to be classified as large dams (over 15m high or between 5 and 15m wide with the water reservoir storage in excess of 3,000,000 m3). The number of small dams (less than 15m with the water reservoir storage lower than 3,000,000 m3) is estimated to be over 6,000, which are mainly earth dams. Of the total 4,000,000 ha of agricultural land, more than 3,000,000 ha are irrigated by 6,648 dams.

Many small-medium reservoirs were built in 1960s with limited technical surveys, designs and construction in addition to limited and slow operation and maintenance. As a result, many have been degraded, unsafe and failed to meet the international safety standards. In addition, increasing risks of unstable hydrology due to climate change and massive upstream development make reservoirs at risks of subsidence of major structures, permeability to main dams and/or subsidiary dams/surrounding water-intake works, deformation of upstream/downstream slopes, spillway incidents etc.

Awareness of the importance of infrastructure for the country’s sustainable economic growth, the Government launched a multi-sector program in 2003, including the “Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Project”(DRSIP) financed by the World Bank, which supports dam safety and reservoirs and operational safety to downstream populations and socio-economic infrastructure that are at risk, ensures the downstream integrated development planning and strengthens institutional coordination and future development and safe operation of reservoirs.

The Project is implemented in 34 provinces in the North, Central and Highlands. There are about 450 selected dams. The project components include:

- Component 1: Dam Safety Rehabilitation (Expected cost is US$ 412 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 388.5 million)

- Component 2: Dam Safety Management and Planning (Expected cost is US$ 20 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 17 million)

- Component 3: Subproject Management Support (Expected cost is US$ 11 million, of which IDA’s funding is US$ 9.5 million)

In the second year, the Project will support the repair and solidification of related infrastructure and dams. About 90% of the proposed dams are earth dams which are less than 15m high and their design capacity are less than 3 million m3. The Project does not invest in completely changing existing structure or new construction or expansion of main structure but focuses on repairing and re-shaping structure of main dams, secondary dams, strengthening upstream slope by concrete and stones, reinforcing or expanding spillways to increase drainage capacity, repair or rehabilitation of existing intake culverts, replacement of hydraulic system at sluice gates (intake culverts) and spillway gate, drilling for waterproofing of the main dam bodies, upgrading service roads.

The Project implementation is planned for 6 years, 08/7/2016 - 30/6/2022. With regard to the environmental protection, the ESMF of the first year of the Project was approved in 2015. The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the next years of the subprojects will follow the project progress the CPMU, the PPMU and the World Bank agreed.

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In Bac Giang province, the Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Improvement Subproject is to ensure the safety of the reservoirs through the repair and rehabilitation of 13 dams and strengthening management capacity and safe operation of dams to protect inhabitants and socio-economic infrastructure in 13 communes in the subproject area of Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam and Yen The districts. The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is implemented in accordance with the World Bank's Environmental Assessment Policy (OP/BP 4.01) and the Vietnamese’s Law on Environmental Protection.

1.1. Scope of the Assessment

Affected areas are considered in impact assessments for the Sub-project including: the construction sites at dams, outlet sluice, flood spillways, construction sites, raw materials, machinery, equipment, parking areas, temporary and permanent sewerage, worker accommodation, official roads, quarries, raw materials, waste dumps, water levels in the reservoir, downstream channel. Affected areas also include villages that will be benefitted or be impacted in 13 Sub-project communes.

1.2. Socio-environmental Aspects to be considered in Sub-project

Environmental and social impacts assessment includes the following aspects:

- Review the policy frameworks of the World Bank and the Government of Vietnam in the field of environment and social issues related to subprojects.

- Description of the subproject database that focuses on: (a) physical environment; (b) biological environment; and (c) socio-cultural environment; (d) Physical cultural resources (history, religion, or architecture); and (e) environmentally sensitive areas.

- Assess the environmental and social impacts of Sub-project.

- Analyze the alternatives of Sub-project in the case 'no project' and other alternatives.

- Develop an environmental and social management plan (ESMP) that includes mitigation, monitoring and institutional strengthening measures.

- Stakeholder consultation during the environmental and social impact assessment.

1.3. Approaches and Methodology for Social Impact Assessment

The following methods were applied by the Consultant during preparation of the ESIA:

- Rapid Assessment Method:

Rapid assessment method was issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993. Basis of this method is nature of materials, technologies, rules of natural processes as well as experiences in rating pollution loads. In Vietnam, this method is introduced and applied in various ESIA studies, performing relatively accurate calculation of pollution loads in the context of limited measurement and analysis instruments. In this report, factors of pollution loads follow the WB’s guidelines1.

- Matrix:

This method builds correlation between effects of each sub-project activity to each issue and environmental composition as shown in the impact matrix. This directs contents of detailed impact assessment.

- Environmental Modelling:1 Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume II, Sectoral Guidelines, Environment, World Bank, Washington D.C 8/1991) và Handbook of Emision, Non Industrial and Industrial source, Netherlands.

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This method is applied to calculate and simulate transmission processes, via mathematic equation, of exhaust emission and wastewater, etc. generated by the project in the environment.

- Comparison:

The compassion method aims at assessing quality of the environment and effluents, and pollution loads, etc. by comprising data against relevant environmental standards, regulations stipulated by the MOH, and relevant researches and experiments.

- Impact Identification Method:

This method is applied through following detailed steps:

+ Describe the environment system.

+ Identify the sub-project components that affect the environment.

+ Identify a full range of related effluents and environment issues for detailed assessment.

- Listing Method:

This method includes two main categories:

+ Descriptive checklist: This method gives a checklist of environmental research components and information on measurement, prediction, and assessment.

+ Simple checklist: This method gives a checklist of potentially affected environmental components.

- System analysis method

It is based on the assessment of waste sources, impacted objects, environmental components, etc., as the elements in a system have close relationship with each other, thereby, we can identify, analyze, and evaluate impacts.

- Community consultation method

This method is used during interviews with local leaders and local people to gather necessary information for the Subproject's ESIA preparation, introduction of benefits and possible negative impacts of the Subproject on the environment and the life. Based on that, we can aggregate feedback and aspirations of local people.

On the other hand, we can directly interview local officials and local people on socio-economic development, farming practices and environmental sanitation.

- Method of reference, synthesis and analysis of information and data

This method aims at identifying and evaluating natural and socio-economic conditions in the subproject area through data and information collected from different sources like statistical yearbook, socio-economic report, current status of environment and related research works.

At the same time, inheriting the existing research and reporting is essential as it will inherit the results achieved earlier and further develop the limited of that works.

- Field survey method

The consulting agency carried out topographical and geological surveys and collected hydro-meteorological data for design in accordance with the current standards of Vietnam. These survey results are used to assess the natural conditions in the subproject area.

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- Expert method

Based on the knowledge and experience of environmental science of environmental impact assessment experts of the Consultancy Agency and other scientific research agencies.

- Sampling and Analyzing in Laboratory:

After site surveys, sampling and sample analysis programs will be developed with key contents as: sample locations, measurement and analysis parameters, workforce, required equipment and tools, implementation timelines, sample preservation plans, and analysis plans, etc.

For this Subproject, the Consultant monitored, took, and analyzed samples of air, water, soil, sediments, and aquatic species at the project sites in accordance with applicable Vietnam standards.

1.4. Consultant Team

The consultant team is from the Thang Long Infrastructure Construction Consultant Joint Stock CompanyThe office address is No 72/1/4 Giap Nhat street, Nhan Chinh ward, Thanh Xuan district, Ha Noi city.

The Representative is Tran Trung Kien, Director.

Tel.: 024.3575 6806 Fax: 024.3575.6806

The specialists involving in studying and developing ESIA report include:

Table 1 - List of ESIA Consultant Team

No. Name Major Task/positionI Environmental specialist

1 Phi Thi Hang Natural Resources and Environment Economics

Team leader/environment specialist

2 Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Environmental sicence Environmental specialist

3 Ngo Thi Phuong Nhung Hydrology- EnvironmentHydrological and environmental specialist

4 Bui Thi Ban Mai Chemistry-Environement Environmental Chemical Specialist

5 Vu Huy Chuong Environmental managemnet Supporter

II Social specialists

6 Nguyen Van Chien Sociology Deputy leader/ Resettlement specialist

7 Le Manh Cuong Sociology Ethnic minority specialist

8 Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu Sociology Gender specialist

9 Truong Ba Thin Supporter

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CHAPTER 2: SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. General Information

- Subproject name: Dam rehabilitation and safety improvement in Bac Giang province.

- Owner: Management Board for investment and Consruction projects on agricultural and rural development in Bac Giang province.

- Subproject implementing agency: Management Board for repairing and improving the dame safety in Bac Giang province

- Adress: Dam Than Huy stress, Tran Phu ward, Bac Giang city, Bac Giang province.

- Objectives:

General Objectives:

Supporting the implementation of the Program to ensure the water reservoirs safety through the repairing and upgrading prioritized dams, strengthening the management capacity and safe operation of the dam to protect the population and infrastructure and socio-economic at downstream.

Detailed Objectives :

+ Restore and ensure contruction safety through repairing and rehabilitating 13 reservoirs that are degraded and lack capacity for flood discharge.

+ Improving policy on management, monitoring national dam safety, strengthening the management capacity, operating coordinated information mechanism in the basin.

+ Raising management and implementation capacity, environmental and social management.

- Components of the subproject:

+ Component 1: Restoring dam safety through repairing, upgrading 13 reservoirs and dams that are degraded in Bac Giang.

+ Component 2: Managing dam safety and planning.

+ Component 3: Managing the project.

- Total investment: Total investment of the Subproject is 231,501,325,000 vnd

- Form of investment: Repairing and upgrading.

2.2. Project Description

2.2.1. Location of the Subproject

The scope of Subproject implementation is 13 reservoirs in 13 communes and 4 districts of Bac Giang.

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Figure 1. Location map of 13 reservoirs under Subproject

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2.2.2. The main items of the Subproject

Table 2.1. Summary of information on the reservoirs status and construction items of the Subproject

Location of Subproject Reservoirs status Construction items Photos

1. Khe Chao reservoir Khe Chao reservoir was built on the Khe Chao stream, located in Long Son commune, Son Dong district, Bac Giang province, far from An Chau town about 22 kilometers to the southeast; at the coordinates: X = 2345287, Y = 486135.

Khe chao reservoir having a capacity of 1,287 million m3, providing water for 192.5 ha of rices, food crops, and fruits in Long Son commune, Son dong district. The reservoir was built in 2001, but now it is degraded and damaged, and could cause unsafety in rainy season. The work items which is planed to repair and upgrade including:The main dam: is the earthen dam with the maximum height of 24.31 meters, the width of the crest dam is 5 meters, the length of the dam is 205 meters. The surface of the dam has erosion and convexity marks caused by traffic in the local area that leaving wet road puddles after the heavy rain events. Dam slope and some positions of rockfill material covering are loose, damaged and need to be

Earthen dam - Crest surface of dam: the width of the dam surface

is originated and the dam surface material is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm. The wave retaining wall is structuralized by using the M250 reinforced concrete with the elevation of the wall crest is +186.67 m.

- The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing upstream dam surface sloping is mainly originated as the current status. Only some disproportioned positions on the existing upstream dam surface sloping are repaired and rearranged.

- The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping. The vertical and horizontal water drainage ditches are rebuilt by using the M150 concrete material of the 30 x 30 cm size.

Source: Google Earth

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repaired. - Flood control spillway: is located at the left shoulder of the dam, the free-flowing broad-crested spillway, the elevation of spillway crest is +174.75 meters, the width of the spillway is 20 meters, the structure of spillway and the wall adjacent is reinforced concrete.Outlet sluice : the structure of outlet sluice is reinforced concrete with the size b×h = 0.8×1.0 meters, the elevation of outlet sluice is +164.6 meters, the regulating valve is flat that placed inside the upstream valve tower.- At present, the management road is about 400 meters leading to the headworks area and is not hardened yet - Management and operation house: Located near the headworks area is built in 2003 and is now degraded. The using area of management house is small while comparing with the reservoir scope area and the number of operation staffs. The roof of the

- Termite damage treatment.The flood control spillwayThe existing flood control spillway structure is

originated as the current status, but the spillway surface is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete layer of 25 cm thick, drill and anchor the steel bars D = 16cm into the existing spillway surface. A layer of sake is swept between the existing spillway surface and reinforced spillway surface.

The outlet sluice under the dam bodyThe existing downstream water leaked out regulating

valve is replaced, the infiltration of the valve tower body is treated by using the solutions of excavation at the valve tower position, cleaning at the concrete surface, sweep a sika layer, then the infiltration valve tower body is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete layer of 20 cm thick.

The operation and management roadThe existing management and rescue road route to the

dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 375.3 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thick. A traffic bridge is placed on the road route to replace for the current spillway underground.

The management house- The courtyard gate, fence and entire management

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house is cracked and leaked that need to be repaired.

house are repainted and repaired.- The entire doors and windows of the house are

replaced by new once.- The inside toilet is repaired.- The essential devices are purchased to ensure the

efficiency of the operation and management activities, etc.

2. Khe Dang reservoir Khe Dang reservoir was built on Khe Dang stream is located in Vinh Khuong commune, Son Dong district, Bac Giang province, far from An Chau town about 7 kilometers to the northwest; at the coordinates X = 2363689, Y = 487124.

The Khe Dang reversior was built since 2003, having a capacity of 1.35 million m3, providing water for 100 hectares of farmland and 250 hectares of fruit in Vinh Khuong commune, Le Vien commune, and An Lap commune, providing daily fresh water for An Chau town, Son Dong district. Major items expected to be made when dam safety improvements including:The main dam: is the earthen dam with the maximum height of 26.14 meters, the dam surface is graded with a layer of fine stones, the width of the crest dam is 5 meters, the length of the dam is 121 meters. The crest dam position did

- Earthen dam:+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing

upstream dam surface sloping is originated as the current status.

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping. The vertical and horizontal water drainage ditches are rebuilt by using the M150 concrete material of the 30 x 30cm size, the grasses and weeds that grown up at the water drainage ditches at the shoulders of the dam are cleaned and removed. The horizontal berm at the elevation of 89.2 m is graded with a fine stones-soils layer of 15cm thick.

+ The crest of dam: the dam surface: the width of the dam surface is originated and the dam surface material is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete,


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not detect any cracking and deformation. Parapet-wall on the surface of the dam is 0.3 meters height and good quality of concrete structure state.- Flood control spillway: is located at the right shoulder of the dam, the free-flowing broad-crested spillway, the elevation of spillway crest is equal to the reservoir retention water level, the width of the spillway is 39 meters, followed by the curved water sloping transition and stilling basin facilities and the second backyard after the stilling basin and the diversion channel. The length from the spillway crest to the end is 204 meters. - Outlet sluice: the structure of outlet sluice is reinforced concrete with the size b×h = 0.8×1.2 meters. The open-close valve is plug valve that placed in the upstream, the regulating valve is placed in the downstream.- Management road: is the earthen road with the length of about 1.5

under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 15 cm (the wave retaining wall is originated).

- The up and down staircase is refreshed by using the M150 concrete, the width of 2.0 m.

+ The lighting system is placed on the dam crest.+ Termite damage treatment. - The flood control spillway:+ The entire stone spillway bottom is demolished and

reinforced using the new M300 reinforced concrete panels with the size of 2.0 x 2.0 m and the thickness of 25 cm, under the M300 reinforced concrete layer is the M100 concrete layer with the thickness of 10 cm; between the concrete layers is the 3 layers thicknesses of asphalt oilpaper.

+ The entire concrete water sloping transition bottom is demolished and reinforced using the new M300 reinforced concrete panels with the thickness of 30 cm, under the M300 reinforced concrete layer is the M100 concrete layer with the thickness of 10 cm. The water drainage filter layers are placed on the entire water sloping transition segments; between the entire water sloping transition segments is the PVC joints and the 3 layers thicknesses of asphalt oilpaper.

+ The following discharge canal after the stilling basin facility is reinforced by the stone cage with the size of 1.0 x 2.0 x 0.5 m, the width of 22.5 m and the length of 15 m.

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kilometers, the road surface is graded with a layer of fine stones. is the land road, paved road surface. The road surface is rough and difficult to traffic. Some stretches of the road near the stream are damaged.

- The outlet sluice: the regulating valve at the downstream of the outlet sluice is replaced.

- The management combined rescue road: The existing management and rescue road route to the dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 897 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thick

- The management house: + The courtyard gate, fence and entire management

house are repainted and repaired.+ The entire doors and windows of the house are

replaced by new once.+ The inside toilet is repaired while the existing

outside toilet is demolished.+The essential devices are purchased to ensure the

efficiency of the operation and management activities, etc.

3. Dong Man reservoir Dong Man reservoir was built on Dong Man stream located in Vinh Bien Dong commune, Luc Ngan district,

Dong Man reservoir was built and exploited from 1996-1997 with a storage volume of 0.615 million m3. The reservoir supplies water for irrigating the cultivated land of 140 ha in Bien Dong commune, Luc Ngan district. The work categories that expected to be repaired are:

- Earthen dam:+ The crest of dam: the width of the dam surface is

extended to B = 5.0 m; the dam surface material is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm; the wave retaining wall elevation is increased from the old value to the new value of 77.7 m by using the M250 Source: Google Earth

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Bac Giang province, far from Chu town about 20 kilometers to the eastnorth; at the coordinates X = 2366667, Y = 472768.

- The main dam: is the earthen dam with the maximum height of 12 meters, the dam surface is not reinforced, the width of the crest dam is 4 meters, and not enough cross-sections in accordance with current standards. The grasses and weeds grown up at the two sides of the crest dam causing the loss of landscape beauty. The crest dam surface has some convexity marks do not detect any cracking and deformation.- Flood control spillway: is located at the right shoulder of the dam, the free-flowing broad-crested spillway, the width of the crest spillway is 10 meters - - Outlet sluice : the outlet sluice following the design is a circular form, flowing without pressure, the circular diameter is 60 centimeters, with a length of the outlet sluice is 45 meters. - Management and operation road: is the earthen road that has been degraded.- House management have not

reinforced concrete.+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing

upstream dam surface sloping is originated as the current status.

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping. The vertical and horizontal water drainage ditches are rebuilt by using the M100 stone-cement mortar with the width of the drainage ditches bottom is 30 cm.

+ Drilling and grouting for water-proofing of the dam foundation and body.

+ The lighting system is placed on the dam crest.+ Termite damage treatment.- The flood control spillway: the existing flood

control spillway is originated as the current status, the discharge channel segments with the length of 50 m and the bottom width of 2 m after the spillway are reinforced by the quarry stone layer with M100 cement mortar of 30 cm thick; between the channel segments is the 3 layers thicknesses of asphalt oilpaper; the water drainage filter layers are placed on the entire dam sloping systems.

- The outlet sluice under the dam body: the existing outlet sluice is replaced by using the stainless steel pipe

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been built that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the segment is D = 60 cm, the regulating and repairing valves are placed at the downstream of the outlet sluice.

- The management combined rescue road: The existing management and rescue road route to the dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 675.60 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thick.

- The management house: The management house is newly built on the right shoulder of the dam (on the side of the spillway) with the scope of IV grade level house, the total floor area is 70 m2 with the full available equipment for the reservoir operation and management.

4. Vat Phu reservoir Vat Phu reservoir is located Tan Hoa commune, Luc Ngan district at the coordinates: X = 2369603; Y = 468424

Vat Phu reservoir is located in Tan Hoa commune, Luc Ngan district, with a capacity of 0.34 million m3, was built and exploited since 1987, which is responsible for irrigating 80 ha of cultivated land.The main dam: The structure is the earthen dam with the width of about 3 meters. The grasses, weeds, and trees have grown up at the crest

- Earthen dam:+ Crest surface of dam: the dam crest elevation is

increased to the new elevation of +48.24m, the dam surface is extended to the width of B = 5.0m and is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm.

+ The upstream dam surface sloping: From the Normal Water Level to a depth of less than 50 cm (at the elevation of +45.11 m): reinforced by pitching the


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dam that some of the trees even taller than the human head. - Flood control spillway: is located at the left shoulder of the dam, the free-flowing broad-crested spillway, followed by the curved water sloping transition and stilling basin facilities. The structure of spillway is reinforced concrete. There is no traffic bridge at the crest spillway, so the dam can not be accessed from the management road.- Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice has faced water leaking and serious degradation.Management road: the road is fully solidified ensuring the access to the dam and spillway. However, the dam can not be accessed from the management road because there is no traffic bridge at the crest spillway. And there is no operational management house.

armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the filter gritstone and filter sand layers with the thickness of each layer is 15 cm. From the elevation of +45.11m to upper level: the dam sloping is reinforced by using the M200 concrete panels of 15 cm thick with the size of 3.0 x 3.0 m; under the concrete layer is the filter gritstone and filter sand layers with the thickness of each layer is 15 cm.

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: the grass is grown up for reinforcing the dam sloping and the additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are built by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping, the downstream water drainage style is the attic form, the lowest part at the toe of the dam is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form using the stone material and the M100 cement mortar with the size B = 50 cm, and the sloping coefficient m = 1.0.

- The up and down staircase is refreshed by using the M150 concrete, the width of 2.0 m.

+ The monitoring systems of water level, seepage and subsidence displacement are placed.

+ The lighting system is placed on the dam crest.+ Termite damage treatment.- The flood control spillway:The width of the spillway is originated, the two

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adjacent sides of the soil prevention walls are increased from the existing elevation to the new elevation of +48.76 m; the wall structure is M250 reinforced concrete. On the spillway, the traffic bridge is built by using the M250 reinforced concrete connecting the dam and existing management road route.

- The outlet sluice: the existing outlet sluice is replaced by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the pipe is D = 40 cm, the length of the outlet sluice is L = 55.7m.

- The management road:The management road is originated as the current

status.- The management house: The management house is

newly built on the left shoulder of the dam (on the side of the spillway) with the scope of IV grade level house, the total floor area is 70 m2 with the full available equipment for the reservoir operation and management.

5. Bau Lay reservoir Bau Lay reservoir was built on Bau Lay stream, in Tru Huu, Luc Ngan district, Bac Giang Province at the

The Bau Lay reversior was built since 1977-1978, and improve since 2000, having a capacity of 2.664 million m3, providing water for 520 hectares of farmland Tru Huu commune, Luc Ngan district.- The main dam: The structure is the earthen dam with the maximum

- Main dam+ The dam surface: the dam surface width is extended

to the width of B = 5.0 m and is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm. The dam surface is placed by using the M200 concrete barriers in both the dam upstream and downstream positions.

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coordinates: X = 2367380; Y = 452297 far from Chu town about 3.5 kilometer to the westnorth.

height of 11 meters. The dam surface is not reinforced, the width of the crest dam is 4 meters, and not enough cross-sections in accordance with current standards.- Flood control spillway: Flood control spillway is located between the secondary dam and the main dam. The spillway is the free-flowing broad-crested weir, the width of the crest spillway is 24 meters that divided into 4 spans. There is a traffic bridge at the crest spillway serving the livelihood of the local people. Following by the crest spillway are the water sloping transition and stilling basin facility.- Outlet sluice: the outlet sluice following the design is a circular form, the circular diameter is 80 centimeters, with a length of the outlet sluice is 29.65 meters. The two regulating valves are set up into the outlet sluice : the upstream valve is the flat form with the size of b×h = 1.1×1.1 meters and the downstream valve is the disc form.

+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing upstream dam surface sloping is originated as the current status.

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping.

+ The additional up and down staircase is built by using the M150 concrete with the width of b = 2.0 m.


+ The observation system is placed in the area.+ Termite damage treatment.- The No. 3 and No. 4 secondary dams + The dam surface: the dam surface width is extended

to the width of B = 5.0m and is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm. The dam surface is placed by using the M200 concrete barriers in both the dam upstream and downstream positions.

+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing upstream dam surface sloping is originated as the current status

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam


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At present, the road to access the dam and the internal road between the dams are still earthen roads, with severe subsidence and damageability which often occurs muddy state, difficult to access the reservoir, especially in the storm, rainy season.- Management and operation house: At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir.

surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping.

+ The additional up and down staircase is built by using the M150 concrete with the width of b = 2.0 m.

+ The observation system is placed in the area.+ Termite damage treatment.. The flood control spillway+ The entire stone spillway bottom is demolished and

reinforced using the new M300 reinforced concrete layer with the thickness of 50 cm, under the M300 reinforced concrete layer is the M100 concrete layer with the thickness of 10 cm; between the concrete layers is the 3 layers thicknesses of asphalt oilpaper.

+ The entire concrete water sloping transition bottom is demolished and reinforced using the new M300 reinforced concrete panels with the thickness of 30 cm, under the M300 reinforced concrete layer is the M100 concrete layer with the thickness of 10 cm. The water drainage filter layers are placed on the entire water sloping transition segments; between the entire water sloping transition segments is the PVC joints and the 3 layers thicknesses of asphalt oilpaper

+ The following discharge canal after the stilling basin facility is reinforced by the stone cage with the size of 1.0 x 2.0 x 0.5 m, the width of 24 m and the length of 15 m.

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- The outlet sluice under the dam body is originated as the current status.

- The management combined rescue road: The existing management and rescue road route to the dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 1007 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thick

- The management house- The management house is built.

6. Lang Thum reservoir Lang Thum reservoir was built on Lang Thum stream in Quy Son commune, Luc Ngan district, Bac Giang Province at the coordinates X = 2365539; Y = 447691 far from Chu town about 9 kilometer to the west.

The Lang Thum reversior was built since 1992-2000, having a capacity of 8.14 million m3, providing water for 700 hectares of farmland in Quy Son commune, Luc Ngan district.- - The main dam: The structure is the earthen dam with the maximum height of 22 meters. The dam surface is graded with a layer of fine stones, the width of the crest dam is 5 meters. The length of the crest dam is 278 meters. The surface of the dam has erosion and convexity marks caused by traffic in the local area. There is

- Earthen dams: including the main dam and two secondary dams (the No. 1 and No. 2 secondary dams).

+ The dam surface: the width of the dam surface is originated and the dam surface material is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm. The wave retaining wall is built by using the M250 reinforced concrete with the height of the wall is h = 0.65 m.

+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the dam surface sloping from the elevation of +26.5 m to the dam crest is reinforced by using the M200 concrete panels of 15 cm thick with the size of 3.0 x 3.0 m; under the concrete layer is the filter gritstone and filter sand layers with the thickness of each layer is 15 cm. The rest dam surface sloping is reinforced by using the anhydrous stone layer


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not any parapet-wall and lighting system on the surface of the crest dam.- Flood control spillway: The Lang Thum reservoir has two flood control spillways: a main spillway located between the secondary dam and the main dam, and a emergency spillway located in the right shoulder of the secondary dam no. 2. The main spillway is a reinforced concrete structure, the free-flowing broad-crested weir, the width of the crest spillway is 30 meters that divided into 3 spans. The main spillway has not detected any erosion or cracking of concrete, and is in good working condition.- Outlet sluice : the outlet sluice following the design is a circular form, the circular diameter is 80 centimeters, and flowing without pressure. The regulating valves is plug valve that setting up into the upstream of the outlet sluice . Currently, the outlet sluice has been severely damaged, water

of 30 cm thick. + The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional

water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping, the vertical and horizontal water drainage ditches are rebuilt by using the M150 concrete material of the 30 x 30cm size


+ Termite damage treatment.- The flood control spillway and emergency

spillway: The flood control spillway is originated as the current status.

- The outlet sluices under the No. 1 and No. 2 secondary dams body:

+ The outlet sluice under the No. 1 secondary dam body is newly designed and built with the length of L = 86.50 m, flowing with water pressure, and the stainless steel pipe with its diameter of D = 80 cm that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete.

+ The outlet sluice under the No. 2 secondary dams body is newly designed and built with the length of L = 83.50 m, flowing with water pressure, and the stainless steel pipe with its diameter of D = 80 cm that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete.

- The management house

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leaked causing the loss of water storage volume. The traffic bridge is old, degraded and without any guard banister. The outlet sluice is degraded, need to be repaired or replaced.- - Management road: At present, the road to the dam and the internal road between the dams are still earthen roads. The management road width from the spillway to the main and secondary dams is very small, difficult to travel, inaccessible by other types of vehicles causing the difficulties for preventing the floods and storms events and for people rescuing in the case of emergency.- At present, the management house has been placed in the reservoir area, located in the headworks area for general operating the whole works system.

+ The management house is placed but under degradation condition that needs to be rebuilt.

+ The management house is newly built in the campus area of 366 m2 (S = 12.0 m x 30.5 m), on the left shoulder of the No.2 secondary dam.

+ The management house is designed as a floor with a total floor area of 70 m2.

+ The height of the house from the floor to the ceiling is 3.9 m. The management house is including: 01 working room combined bedroom, 01 bedroom, 01 operation room, 01 kitchen room, 01 storage room, 01 toilet, and corridor.

7. Khe Cat reservoir

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Khe Cat reservoir in Truong Son commune, Luc Nam district, Bac Giang Province at the coordinates X = 2349268; Y = 454343

The Khe Cat reversior in Truong Son commune, Luc Nam district, having a capacity of 1.31 million m3, was built since 1965, providing water for 175 hectares of farmland.- The main dam: The structure is the earthen crest dam with the width of about 3-4 meters, has not been reinforced. The grasses, weeds have grown up at the crest dam. Two sides of crest dam lines have been damaged and deformed. The crest dam width is smaller than current standard.Flood control spillway: The reservoir situation does not have flood control spillway, the high water level will flow over the earthen management road located in the left shoulder of the dam causing the erosion of the soil into the deep groove. It is necessary to study to solidly build the flood control spillway to ensure the general safety when the floods are discharged.Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice is located on the embankment of the reservoir, the right embankment of

- Earthen dam. + Crest of dam: The length of the dam crest is L =

137.50 m, the elevation of the dam crest is 62.70 m, the elevation of the wave return wall (parapet-wall) crest is 63.40 m, the upstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 3, and the downstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.5. The dam crest surface is the concrete structure of 5.0 m wide; The dam surface concrete structure: under the BT M250 20 cm thick layer is the nilon black sand layer of 5 cm.

+ The upstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95. The dam sloping structure: To concrete the BT M200 10 cm thick layer from the dam crest to 0.5 m below the normal water level, the remaining parts were reinforced by pitching the with anhydrous stone in the construction stone frame. The filter layer was built for the surface sloping dam in order to allow seepage to flow across.

+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient m = 2.5, the compacting factor is K95; the downstream dam surface sloping was protected by planting grass in the plots. Sloping leaning berms are built by using bricks for

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the main dam, far from the dam is about 500 meters. The water intake gate is the cork type, with water intake holes placed at different elevations. According to the report of the management unit, there is leaking phenomenon through the outlet sluice but has not clarified as the water intake gate or as the infiltration of the water intake gate sides.Management road: connecting from the road No. 293 to the reservoir. The road structure near to the headworks area is earthen road, with the width of about 2 - 3 meters. At present, the road is narrow, rough and difficult to traffic.- Management and operation house: At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir..

collecting the water. Drainage berms on both sides of dam shoulders are built by using the BT M150.

+ The toe of dam water drainage was demolished, repaired and rebuilt by pitching the armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the mixed gritstones and gravels layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the following layer is the sand filter layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the lowest part is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form with the size B x H = (0.5x0.5) m and the sloping coefficient m = 1.

+ Processing the termitaries located in the dam body blocks (if any) before retrofitting the upstream and downstream dam surface slopes. Spraying the termite damage prevention solution to the the all upstream and downstream dam surface slopes as well as the dam crest after the retrofitting works.

+Observation equipments: the observation equipments are placed following the current standards.

- Flood control spillway.+ The new flood control spillway is designed for the

right shoulder of the dam. The spillway form is free-flowing broad-crested. The elevation of the spillway crest is 60.7 m, the width of the spillway is B = 6.5 m, the structure of the spillway is the M250 reinforced concrete. The water transition sloping coefficient after the spillway is 21%, with the length of 54.2 m and the width of b = 4 m, the alternate abutments are placed on the water sloping transition. The energy of fast flowing

28


water is dissipated by using the stilling basin, the length of the basin is 9 m. The channel segments after the stilling basin are reinforced by the quarry stone layer with M100 cement mortar ensuring there no erosion on both sides of the channel. The channel segments are extended and connected to the channel parts after the outlet sluice .

+ The traffic bridge through the spillway is designed to facilitate the operation management and quick rescue in the cases of the incident occurs as well as serve the production of people in the project area. The length of the bridge span is 6.5 m, the length of the bridge beam is 7.2 m, the width of the bridge surface: B = 5 m. The structure of the bridge is M300 reinforced concrete.

- Outlet sluice+ Outlet sluice route: The outlet sluice is newly

designed, the centreline of the outlet sluice is perpendicular to the centreline of the dam. The designed outlet sluice form is tower style. The upstream water intake is dredged to ensure the convenient taking of water . The channel segments after the outlet sluice are reinforced ensuring there’s is no erosion on both sides of the channel. The length the outlet sluice is 107.4 m, the size of the outlet sluice segment before the tower is b x h = (1.0 x 1.4) m, with the structure is M300 reinforced concrete. The outlet sluice segment after the tower is designed by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the

29


diameter of the segment is D = 80 cm.- Drilling and grouting for water-proofing.+ The 2 drilling and grouting rows are placed as

following the dam longitudinal, the distance of the rows is 2 m, the distance of drilling holes in a row is 2 m. The drilling and grouting holes are alternately spaced. The drilling and grouting depth is 10.5 m from the dam surface.

+ The water-proofing material: 90% of the material is the clay or heavy clay and 10% of the material is the Pooc PC30 cement.

- Management and operation road route.+ The existing road route is widened and designed

according to the standard rural road of grade B connecting to the crest of the dam.

+ The length of the improvement road: L = 290 m.+ The width of the road route: B = 4.0 m; the width of

the road surface concrete is 3 m; the width of the roadsides is 2 x 0.5 m, the slope of the road surface across is i = 2%; the slope of the roadside on two sides is i = 3%.

+ The road surface structure: is the M250 concrete of 18 cm thick paving the way by oilpapers and the sand layer of 3 cm thick, the road foundation layer is mixed gritstones and gravels layer of 12 cm thick.

+ The water drainage is built by the quarry stone layer with M100 cement mortar, the water drainage form is the trapezoidal style with the surface sloping coefficient

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m = 1, the size of the drainage is b x h = (0.4 x 0.4) m.- The operational and management area.+ The management house: is placed in the project area

in a good situation with an area of 60 m2.+ Making the courtyard gate and fence of the reservoir

management area.+ The fence surrounding the management house has

the length: L = 110 m; and the height: H = 1.6 m;+ The vehicular garage with frame system using the 80

steel column, the steel is zinc galvanized until the thickness of 3 mm and is combined with the covering of sheet-metal roofing until an area of 29 m2.

- Low-tension line serving the operational and management area.

+ Electricity for the operational and management house area is connected to the existing electricity poles of the commune in the headworks area. The length of the low-tension line is 25 m.

8. Khe Ray reservoir Khe Ray in Nghia Phuong commune, Luc Nam district, Bac Giang Province at the coordinates X = 2351393; Y = 441924.

The Khe Ray reversior in Nghia Phuong commune, Luc Nam district, having a capacity 1,42 million m3, was built since 1969, providing water for 190 hectares of farmland. - The main dam: is the earthen dam with the width of the crest dam is about 3 meters, the surface of the dam has erosion, deformation and

Earthen dam. - Crest of dam: The length of the dam crest is L = 90

m, the elevation of the dam crest is 51.60 m, the elevation of the wave return wall (parapet-wall) crest is 52.30 m, the upstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.75, and the downstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.25. The dam crest surface is the concrete structure of 5.0 m wide; The dam surface concrete structure: under the BT M250 20 cm thick layer is the nilon black

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convexity marks to reveal the large rocks. The crest dam width is smaller than the current standard. The upstream surface sloping is not reinforced, the grass and weeds have more grown up. The grass and weeds on downstream surface sloping have rank grown up, the sloping leaning berms and drainage berms at the toe of the dam are no longer existing.- Flood control spillway: The flood control spillway is built by stone blocks, placed in the right shoulder of the dam at a small scope, connecting to the spillway is a horizontal drainage channel segment, connecting to the channel is the water sloping transition and stilling basin facility, the drainage channel elevation after the spillway is much lower than the crest spillway elevation. At present, overflowing paths to the spillway and drainage channel paths are fully filled with many kinds of grass and garbage that negative effecting to the flood drainage capacity.- Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice is

sand layer of 5 cm.- The upstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil

layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95. The dam sloping structure: To concrete the BT M200 10 cm thick layer from the dam crest to 0.5 m below the normal water level, the remaining parts were reinforced by pitching the with anhydrous stone in the construction stone frame. The filter layer was built for the surface sloping dam in order to allow seepage to flow across.

- The downstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95; the downstream dam surface sloping was protected by planting grass in the plots. Sloping leaning berms are built by using bricks for collecting the water. Drainage berms on both sides of dam shoulders are built by using the BT M150.

- The toe of dam water drainage was demolished, repaired and rebuilt by pitching the armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the mixed gritstones and gravels layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the following layer is the sand filter layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the lowest part is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form with the size B x H =

32


located in the middle of the dam and the regulating valve gate is located in the upstream. The outlet sluice is a circular cross-section form that open-close operating by the throttle valve. At present, it can be observed that the outlet sluice is old, degraded. According to the report of the management unit, leaking phenomenon through the throttle valve, the open-close device has broken off the screw-shaft several times.- Management road: the road length to the headworks area is about 600-700 meters with its structure of the earthen material and the width of about 3 meters. At present, the road is narrow, rough and difficult to traffic, especially in the storm, rainy season.-.- Management and operation house: At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir. At the time of the survey, there was a small house on the right shoulder of the dam, but its outward appearance is

(0.5x0.5) m and the sloping coefficient m = 1.- Processing the termitaries located in the dam body

blocks (if any) before retrofitting the upstream and downstream dam surface slopes. Spraying the termite damage prevention solution to the the all upstream and downstream dam surface slopes as well as the dam crest after the retrofitting works.

- Observation equipments: the observation equipments are placed following the current standards.

Flood control spillway- The old flood control spillway is demolished , the

new flood control spillway is designed for the right shoulder of the dam. The spillway form is free-flowing broad-crested. The elevation of the spillway crest is 47.90 m, the width of the spillway is B = 4.00 m, the structure of the spillway is the M250 reinforced concrete. The water transition sloping coefficient is 50%, the alternate abutments are placed on the water sloping transition. The energy of fast flowing water is dissipated by using the stilling basin. The channel segments after the stilling basin are reinforced by the quarry stone layer ensuring there no erosion on both sides of the channel.

Outlet sluice- outlet sluice route: The outlet sluice is newly

designed after the old outlet sluice was demolished, the centreline of the outlet sluice is perpendicular to the centreline of the main dam. The elevation of the outlet

33


very old and degraded, the house was also without electricity and domestic water, as well as lack of minimum living conditions for the operational staffs to stay and work.

sluice threshold is 34.70 m. The length the outlet sluice is 100 m, the size of the outlet sluice segment before the tower is b x h = (1.0 x 1.4) m, with the structure is M300 reinforced concrete. The outlet sluice segment after the tower is designed by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the segment is D = 80 cm. The upstream water intake is dredged to ensure the convenient taking of water . The channel segments after the outlet sluice are reinforced ensuring there’s is no erosion on both sides of the channel

Drilling and grouting for water-proofing.- The 2 drilling and grouting rows are placed as

following the dam longitudinal, the distance of the rows is 2 m, the distance of drilling holes in a row is 2 m. The drilling and grouting holes are alternately spaced. The drilling and grouting depth is 10.5 m from the dam surface.

- The water-proofing material: 90% of the material is the clay or heavy clay and 10% of the material is the Pooc PC30 cement.

Management and operation road route. - The existing road route is widened and designed


- The length of the improvement road: L = 615 m. - The width of the road route: B = 4.0 m; the width of

the road surface concrete is 3 m; the width of the

34


roadsides is 2 x 0.5 m, the slope of the road surface across is i = 2%; the slope of the roadside on two sides is i = 3%.

- The road surface structure: is the M250 concrete of 18 cm thick paving the way by oilpapers and the sand layer of 3 cm thick, the road foundation layer is mixed gritstones and gravels layer of 12 cm thick.

- The water drainage is built by the quarry stone layer with M100 cement mortar, the water drainage form is the trapezoidal style with the surface sloping coefficient m = 1, the size of the drainage is b x h = (0.4 x 0.4) m

The operational and management area. - Remaking the courtyard gate and fence of the

reservoir management area.- The area of management area: S= 825m2- The area of management house with 1 floor: S=

130m2- The fence surrounding the management house has the

length: L = 110 m; and the height: H = 1.6 m;- The vehicular garage with frame system using

the q80 steel column, the steel is zinc galvanized until the thickness of 3 mm and is combined with the covering of sheet-metal roofing until an area of 29 m2.

g. Low-tension line serving the operational and management area.

- Electricity is connected to the low-tension line of the commune. The length of the low-tension line is 650 m.

9. Cua Coc reservoir

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Cua Coc reservoir in Huyen Son commune, Luc Nam district, Bac Giang Province at the coordinates X = 2350813; Y = 439622.

Cua coc resesrvoir is located in Huyen Son commune, Luc Nam district, having a capacity of 1,32 million m2, was completed built and was been exploited sine 1971. Providing water for 125 hecta of farmland.- The main dam: the crest dam surface is graded with a layer of fine stones, with the width of about 4 meters. The crest dam surface position has erosion and convexity marks caused by traffic in the local area. The upstream sloping surface of the dam was not reinforced and strongly deformed. The downstream sloping of the dam was not protected, the sloping surface is concave and deformed.- Flood control spillway: The flood control spillway is built by stone blocks, the broad-crested weir, connecting to the spillway is the water sloping transition and stilling basin facility. At present, the spillway is damaged and deformed, especially the crest spillway position and the first section of the water

- Earthen dam - Crest of dam: The length of the dam crest is L =

95.54 m, the elevation of the dam crest is 32.00 m, the elevation of the wave return wall (parapet-wall) crest is 32.70 m, the upstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.5, and the downstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.0. The dam crest surface is the concrete structure of 5.0 m wide; The dam surface concrete structure: under the BT M250 20 cm thick layer is the nilon black sand layer of 5 cm.

- The upstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95. The dam sloping structure: To concrete the BT M200 10 cm thick layer from the dam crest to 0.5 m below the normal water level, the remaining parts were reinforced by pitching the with anhydrous stone in the construction stone frame. The filter layer was built for the surface sloping dam in order to allow seepage to flow across.

- The downstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95; the downstream dam surface sloping was protected by planting grass in the plots. Sloping leaning berms are built by using bricks for collecting the water.

36


sloping transition. The channel section leading to the spillway is earthen structure and not reinforced.- Outlet sluice : the outlet sluice is a flowing without pressure form, with the valve tower that placed in the upstream. The regulating valve is opened and closed by the handle that placed inside the upstream valve tower. At present, the valve tower and operating bridge are damaged, the outlet sluice has leaked the water. The grasses and weeds more have grown up at the outlet and intake canal sections behind the outlet sluice affecting to the processes of observation, assessing the quality of the outlet sluice and the water drainage capacity through the outlet sluice .- Management road: The management road from the inter-communal road to the headworks area is earthen structure, with the width of 4-5 meters passing through the residential areas. Types of vehicles have to park at the position that far from the dam is about 500

Drainage berms on both sides of dam shoulders are built by using the BT M150.

- The toe of dam water drainage was demolished, repaired and rebuilt by pitching the armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the mixed gritstones and gravels layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the following layer is the sand filter layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the lowest part is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form with the size B x H = (0.5x0.5) m and the sloping coefficient m = 1.

- Processing the termitaries located in the dam body blocks (if any) before retrofitting the upstream and downstream dam surface slopes. Spraying the termite damage prevention solution to the the all upstream and downstream dam surface slopes as well as the dam crest after the retrofitting works.


b. Flood control spillway.- The old flood control spillway is demolished. The

new flood control spillway is built with the new designed centreline is far from the old spillway centreline a distance of 5.5 m towards the right shoulder. The spillway form is free-flowing broad-crested. The elevation of the spillway crest is 29.30 m, the width of the spillway is B = 7.0 m, the structure of the spillway is the reinforced concrete. The channel segments after the stilling basin are reinforced by the

37


meters, the road to the dam is a narrow, rough and difficult to traffic, with the existing deep grooves of 20-30 centimeters.- At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir.

quarry stone layer ensuring there no erosion on both sides of the channel. The traffic bridge through the spillway is designed to facilitate the operation management and quick rescue in the cases of the incident occurs as well as serve the production of people in the project area. The length of the bridge is 8.83 m, the width of the bridge surface: B = 5 m. The designed bridge is through the discharge channel after the spillway and the existing channel status.

c. Outlet sluice. - Outlet sluice route: The outlet sluice is newly

designed after the old outlet sluice was demolished with the upstream regulating valve tower and the downstream regulating valve house. The centreline of the design outlet sluice is perpendicular to the centreline of the main dam. The elevation of the outlet sluice threshold is 25.90 m. The length the outlet sluice is 42.5 m. The outlet sluice segment is designed by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the segment is D = 70 cm. The upstream valve tower is placed the operation and repair valve machine, chase and mesh cap panels, the regulating valve house is placed at the downstream. The upstream water intake is dredged to ensure the convenient taking of water . The channel segments after the outlet sluice are reinforced ensuring there’s is no erosion on both sides of the channel

d. Drilling and grouting for water-proofing.

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- The 2 drilling and grouting rows are placed as following the dam longitudinal, the distance of the rows is 2 m, the distance of drilling holes in a row is 2 m. The drilling and grouting holes are alternately spaced. The drilling and grouting depth is 10 m from the dam surface.


e. Management and operation road route. - The existing road route is widened and designed


- The length of the improvement road: L = 385 m.- The width of the road route: B = 4.0m; the width of

the road surface concrete is 3m; the width of the roadsides is 2 x 0.5 m, the slope of the road surface across is i = 2%; the slope of the roadside on two sides is i = 3%.



f. The operational and management area.

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- Remaking the courtyard gate and fence of the reservoir management area.

- The area of management area: S= 825m2- The area of management house with 1 floor: S=


length: L = 110 m; and the height: H = 1.6 m;- The vehicular garage with frame system using

the q80 steel column, the steel is zinc galvanized until the thickness of 3 mm and is combined with the covering of sheet-metal roofing until an area of 29 m2.

g. Low-tension line serving the operational and management area.


10. Chua Ong reservoir Chua Ong reservoir in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district, Bac Giang Province at the coordinates X = 2363820; Y = 441076.

Chua Ong reservoir in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district, which is with a capacity of 1.4 million m3, was built and exploited in 1965, is responsible for irrigating 185 land hectares.- The main dam: The structure is the earthen dam, the crest dam surface position has deformation and convexity marks caused by traffic in the local area. The width of the crest dam is small of about 3 meters that

Earthen dam - Crest of dam: The length of the dam crest is L =

184.00 m, the elevation of the dam crest is 36.60 m, the elevation of the wave return wall (parapet-wall) crest is 37.30 m, the upstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.75, and the downstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.25. The dam crest surface is the concrete structure of 5.0 m wide; The dam surface concrete structure: under the BT M250 20 cm thick layer is the nilon black sand layer of 5 cm.

- The upstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The

40


do not meet current standards.- Flood control spillway: The flood control spillway is built by stone blocks at a small scope that do not respond to the flood drainage capacity. At the time of the survey, the local area just past through the storm No. 3 in 2016, the spillway was demolished, lowered the crest by digging in order to increase the flood drainage capacity. At present, the natural soil surface of the spillway is temporarily protected by nylon bags and sandbags so that the flowing water does not cause the soil erosion. - Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice is located in the middle of the upstream sloping dam. The water intake gate is the cork type, with water intake holes placed at different elevations. At present, it can be observed that the outlet sluice is old, degraded. The corks of the water intake holes were made by the concrete structure that can not guarantee the ability of watertight.- Management road: The

additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95. The dam sloping structure: To concrete the BT M200 10 cm thick layer from the dam crest to 0.5 m below the normal water level, the remaining parts were reinforced by pitching the with anhydrous stone in the construction stone frame. The filter layer was built for the surface sloping dam in order to allow seepage to flow across.

- The downstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95; the downstream dam surface sloping was protected by planting grass in the plots. Sloping leaning berms are built by using bricks for collecting the water. Drainage berms on both sides of dam shoulders are built by using the BT M150.

- The toe of dam water drainage was demolished, repaired and rebuilt by pitching the armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the mixed gritstones and gravels layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the following layer is the sand filter layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the lowest part is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form with the size B x H = (0.5x0.5) m and the sloping coefficient m = 1.

- Processing the termitaries located in the dam body blocks (if any) before retrofitting the upstream and

41


management road from the inter-communal road to the headworks area is earthen structure, with the width of 3-4 meters. At present, the road to the dam is narrow, rough and difficult to traffic.- At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir.

downstream dam surface slopes. Spraying the termite damage prevention solution to the the all upstream and downstream dam surface slopes as well as the dam crest after the retrofitting works.


Flood control spillway- The old flood control spillway is demolished, the new

flood control spillway is designed at the previous spillway location. The elevation of the spillway crest is 33.80 m, the width of the spillway is B = 8.00 m, the structure of the spillway is the M250 reinforced concrete. The water transition sloping coefficient after spillway is 13.5%, the alternate abutments are placed on the water sloping transition. The energy of fast flowing water is dissipated by using the stilling basin. The elevation of the stilling basin bottom is 29.00m, the length of stilling basin is 9.00m and the height of one is 1.5m. The channel segments after the stilling basin are reinforced by the quarry stone layer with M100 concrete ensuring there no erosion on both sides of the channel.

Outlet sluice - Outlet sluice route: The outlet sluice is newly

designed after the old outlet sluice was demolished, the centreline of the outlet sluice is perpendicular to the centreline of the main dam. The elevation of the outlet sluice threshold is 28.00 m. The length the outlet sluice is 57.2 m, the size of the outlet sluice segment before the

42


tower is b x h = (1.0 x 1.3) m, with the structure is M300 reinforced concrete. The outlet sluice segment after the tower is designed by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the segment is D = 80 cm. The valve tower is placed the operation and repair valve machine, the downstream valve house is placed the regulating valve. The upstream water intake is dredged to ensure the convenient taking of water . The channel segments after the outlet sluice are reinforced ensuring there’s is no erosion on both sides of the channel

Drilling and grouting for water-proofing- The 2 drilling and grouting rows are placed as

following the dam longitudinal, the distance of the rows is 2 m, the distance of drilling holes in a row is 2 m. The drilling and grouting holes are alternately spaced. The drilling and grouting depth is 10 m from the dam surface.


Management and operation road route- The existing road route is widened and designed


- The length of the improvement road: L = 276 m.- The width of the road route: B = 4.0 m; the width of

the road surface concrete is 3 m; the width of the

43


roadsides is 2 x 0.5 m, the slope of the road surface across is i = 2%; the slope of the roadside on two sides is i = 3%.



The operational and management area. - Remaking the courtyard gate and fence of the

reservoir management area.- The area of management area: S= 825m2- The area of management house with 1 floor: S=


length: L = 110 m; and the height: H = 1.6 m;- The vehicular garage with frame system using the

q80 steel column, the steel is zinc galvanized until the thickness of 3 mm and is combined with the covering of sheet-metal roofing until an area of 29 m2.

Low-tension line serving the operational and management area.


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11. Ba Bai reservoir Ba Bai reservoir in Bao Son commune, Luc Nam district at the coordinate X = 2365927; Y = 432558, far from provincal road about 5 to 6 kilometers.

The Ba Bai reversior in Dong Phu commnune, it was built since 1980, having a capacity of 1.25 million m3, providing water for 120 hectares of landfill.- The main dam: the crest dam surface is graded with a layer of fine stones, with the width of about 5 meters. The crest dam surface position has relatively flattened, two sides of crest dam lines have not placed the barriers, the dam has slightly damaged and deformed.- Flood control spillway: the Ba Bai reservoir situation does not have reinforced flood control spillway. At present, in the case of flood events, the high water level will flow over the earthen traffic management road located in the right shoulder of the dam.- Outlet sluice : The outlet sluice is located in the middle of the upstream sloping dam. The water intake gate is the cork type, with water intake holes placed at different elevations. At present, it can be observed that the outlet sluice is old, degraded. The form

Earthen dam- Crest of dam: The length of the dam crest is L = 182.00 m, the elevation of the dam crest is 62.30 m, the elevation of the wave return wall (parapet-wall) crest is 63.00 m, the upstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.75, and the downstream surface sloping coefficient is m = 2.25. The dam crest surface is the concrete structure of 5.0 m wide; The dam surface concrete structure: under the BT M250 20 cm thick layer is the nilon black sand layer of 5 cm.- The upstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95. The dam sloping structure: To concrete the BT M200 10 cm thick layer from the dam crest to 0.5 m below the normal water level, the remaining parts were reinforced by pitching the with anhydrous stone in the construction stone frame. The filter layer was built for the surface sloping dam in order to allow seepage to flow across.- The downstream dam surface sloping: The organic soil layer and shrubs are excavated and removed. The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K95; the downstream dam surface sloping was protected by planting grass in the plots. Sloping leaning berms are built by using bricks for collecting the water. Drainage berms on both sides of dam shoulders are

45

of water intake is underdeveloped causing the difficulties for the water operation and regulation. - Management road: the length from the provincial road to the end of the reservoir is about 6-7 kilometers, the structure of the management road is earthen, with the small of size passing through the residential area. Especially for the road section of about 1.5 kilometers from the dam to the end of the reservoir (at the location of emergency spillway) is small, sloping, erosion, and difficult to traffic.- Management and operation house: At present, the management house was placed in the reservoir area but was small and relatively degraded.

built by using the BT M150.- The toe of dam water drainage was demolished, repaired and rebuilt by pitching the armour stones layer with the thickness of 30 cm, under the armour layer is the mixed gritstones and gravels layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the following layer is the sand filter layer with the thickness of 15 cm, the lowest part is the drainage ditch in the trapezium form with the size B x H = (0.5x0.5) m and the sloping coefficient m = 1.- Processing the termitaries located in the dam body blocks (if any) before retrofitting the upstream and downstream dam surface slopes. Spraying the termite damage prevention solution to the the all upstream and downstream dam surface slopes as well as the dam crest after the retrofitting works.- Observation equipments: the observation equipments are placed following the current standards.Flood control spillway- The old flood control spillway is demolished, the new flood control spillway is designed at the previous spillway location. The structure of the spillway is the M250 reinforced concrete The spillway form is free-flowing broad-crested .The elevation of the spillway crest is 58.10 m, the width of the spillway is B = 8.00 m, . The water transition sloping coefficient after spillway after spillway is 4.8%, the alternate abutments are placed on the water sloping transition. The energy of fast flowing water is dissipated by using the stilling basin. The elevation of the stilling basin bottom is 56.60 m, the length of stilling basin is 9.00m. The channel segments after the stilling basin are reinforced by the quarry stone layer with M100 concrete ensuring there

46

no erosion on both sides of the channel. The traffic bridge through the spillway is designed. The length of the bridge is 8.66 m, the width of the bridge : B = 5 m. The structure of the bridge is reinforced concrete.Outlet sluice - Outlet sluice route: The outlet sluice is newly designed after the old outlet sluice was demolished, the centreline of the outlet sluice is perpendicular to the centreline of the main dam. The elevation of the outlet sluice threshold is 49.00 m. The length the outlet sluice is 83.00 m, the size of the outlet sluice segment before the tower is b x h = (1.0 x 1.2) m, with the structure is M300 reinforced concrete. The outlet sluice segment after the tower is designed by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the segment is D = 70 cm. The valve tower is placed the operation and repair valve machine, the downstream valve house is placed the regulating valve. The upstream water intake is dredged to ensure the convenient taking of waterDrilling and grouting for water-proofing.- The 2 drilling and grouting rows are placed as following the dam longitudinal, the distance of the rows is 2 m, the distance of drilling holes in a row is 2 m. The drilling and grouting holes are alternately spaced. The drilling and grouting depth is 10 m from the dam surface.- The water-proofing material: 90% of the material is the clay or heavy clay and 10% of the material is the Pooc PC30 cement.Management and operation road route. - The existing road route is widened and designed

47

according to the standard rural road of grade B connecting to the crest of the dam.- The length of the improvement road: L = 1490 m. - The width of the road route: B = 4.0 m; the width of the road surface concrete is 3 m; the width of the roadsides is 2 x 0.5 m, the slope of the road surface across is i = 2%; the slope of the roadside on two sides is i = 3%.- The road surface structure: is the M250 concrete of 18 cm thick paving the way by oilpapers and the sand layer of 3 cm thick, the road foundation layer is mixed gritstones and gravels layer of 12 cm thick.- The water drainage is built by the quarry stone layer with M100 cement mortar, the water drainage form is the trapezoidal style with the surface sloping coefficient m = 1, the size of the drainage is b x h = (0.4 x 0.4) mThe operational and management area. - Remaking the courtyard gate and fence of the reservoir management area.- The area of management area: S= 825m2- The area of management house with 1 floor: S= 130m2- The fence surrounding the management house has the length: L = 110 m; and the height: H = 1.6 m;- The vehicular garage with frame system using the q80 steel column, the steel is zinc galvanized until the thickness of 3 mm and is combined with the covering of sheet-metal roofing until an area of 29 m2.g. Low-tension line serving the operational and management area. - Electricity is connected to the low-tension line of the commune. The length of the low-tension line is 50 m.

48

12. Chin Suoi reservoir Chin Suoi reservoir in Dong Huu commune, Yen The district at the coordinate X = 2377427; Y = 420163.

Chin Suoi reservoir was built and exploited from 1990 with a water storage volume of 0.35 million m3. The reservoir supplies water for irrigating the cultivated land of 70 ha in Dong Huu commune, Yen The district. -The main dam: the crest dam is structuralized by earthen material, with the width of about 2 meters. The crest dam elevation is uneven. The grasses, weeds, and wooden trees have grown up at the two sides of the crest dam that some of the trees even taller than the human head causing the difficulties for check and monitor activities.-Flood control spillway: The form of the flood control spillway is the broad-crested weir, energy dissipation in plunge pool. The flood control spillway is built by the stone blocks and concrete structures that significantly damaged. At the upstream of the dam, the inlet channel is occupied by local people. The end section of the spillway is flooded in the case of water flood drainage.- Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice structure is reinforced concrete that

Earthen dam:+ The dam crest elevation is increased to the new elevation of +35.13 m, completing the reinforcement following to the current standards. + The dam surface: the dam surface width is extended to the width of B = 5.0m and is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm.+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the depression hole positions are treated, the water drainage filter layers are built including the filter sand layer of 15 cm thick and the filter gritstone layer of 15 cm thick and the dam sloping part from the elevation of +32.43 m to the dam crest is reinforced by using the M200 concrete. The dam sloping part from the elevation of +32.43 m to the below part is reinforced by using the anhydrous stone layer in the M200 reinforced concrete beam frame.+ The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping, the vertical and horizontal water drainage ditches are rebuilt by using the M150 concrete material of the 30 x 30cm size.+ The existing up and down staircase is refreshed by using the M150 concrete with the width of b = 2.0 m.+ The downstream water drainage facility is added at the elevation of +27.0 m.

49

opening and closing by the upstream cork valve. At present, the outlet sluice is much water leaking, at the time of field survey, although the water intake is closed the water is still flowing out of the outlet sluice with a quite large discharge. Because of the outlet sluice is small in size causing the difficulties in checking, assessing and monitoring inside of the outlet sluice.- Management road: The management road from the inter-communal road to the headworks area is earthen structure, with the width of 2-3 meters. At present, the road to the dam is narrow, rough and difficult to traffic. Especially for the road section that past through to the end section of the spillway has been effected in the case of water flood drainage causing the difficulties to access the main dam and outlet sluice in order to rescue as needed.- At present, the management house has not been placed for managing the reservoir.

+ Drilling and grouting for water-proofing of the dam foundation and body.+ The lighting system is placed on the dam crest surface. + The observation system is placed in the area.+ Termite damage treatment.The flood control spillway: + The entire old spillway structure is demolished and rebuilt using the new M250 reinforced concrete panels + The width of the spillway threshold is B = 20 m at the elevation of +32.93 m, the total length of the spillway is L = 65.5 m including the spillway threshold, the water sloping transition with the width of 12 m and the bridge on the tail of the spillway is 4.5 m long (the M300 reinforced concrete).Outlet sluice : The outlet sluice is newly built by using the stainless steel pipe that is fully enclosed by using the M300 reinforced concrete, the diameter of the pipe is D = 40 cm, the thickness of the pipe is 5 mm. The upstream breakdown regulating valve and the downstream irrigation regulating valve are also placed.The management combined rescue road: The existing management and rescue road route to the dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 2500 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thickThe observation equipment:The observation system is placed in the area.

50

The management house:+ The management house is newly built in the campus area of 165 m2 (S = 11 m x 15 m), on the left shoulder of the dam.+ The management house is designed as a floor with a total floor area of 70 m2. The height from the floor to the ceiling is 3.9 m. The elevation of the first floor (at +0.0) is higher than the elevation of the courtyard a value of 0.45 m. The management house is including: 01 working room combined dining room (17.3 m2), 01 bedroom (11 m2), 01 kitchen combined store (9.1 m2), 01 toilet (3.4 m2), hall and corridor.+ The essential devices are purchased to ensure the efficiency of the operation and management activities including: electricity, water, toilet, bed, cabinet, tables and chairs, communication equipment, etc.

13. Chong Chenh reservoir Chong Chenh reservoir Dong Vuong commune, Yen The district at the coordinates X = 2380682; Y = 410700.

Chong Chenh reservoir was built and exploited from 2002 with a water storage volume of 0.64 million m3. The reservoir supplies water for irrigating the cultivated land of 180 ha in Dong Vuong commune, Yen The district.- The main dam: the crest dam surface is graded with a layer of fine stones, with the width of about 4 meters. The crest dam surface position has relatively flattened, two sides of crest dam lines have placed the barriers built by stone blocks with the height of 20

Earthen dam:+ The upstream dam surface sloping: the existing upstream dam surface sloping is originated as the current status. + The downstream dam surface sloping: The additional water drainage ditches on the entire downstream dam surface sloping are placed by using the brick material with the M75 cement mortar of the 20 x 20 cm size on the angle of 450 compared to the horizontal line of the dam surface sloping, the grasses and weeds that grown up at the water drainage ditches at the shoulders of the dam are cleaned and removed.+ Drilling and grouting for water-proofing of the dam foundation and body.+ The crest of dam: the width of the dam surface is

51

centimeters- Flood control spillway: The form of the flood control spillway is the broad-crested weir, connecting to the spillway is the water sloping transition and stilling basin facility. The flood control spillway is built by the stone blocks and concrete structures that significantly damaged. There are many cracking positions on the cross of the water sloping transition and the wall adjacent to the water sloping facility leading to the water spillage through the dam surface slopes causing the dangerous status of the damCống lấy nước: - Outlet sluice: The outlet sluice structure is reinforced concrete that opening and closing by the two downstream disc valves. Following the flow control valve is the valve system dividing the irrigation water into two branches that have seriously rusted and corroded leading to the extermination of the water regulating capacity. The water regulating valve is also strong water leaked that need to be replaced.- Management road: The management road from the inter-

originated and the dam surface material is hardened by using the M250 reinforced concrete of 20 cm thick, under the M250 reinforced concrete layer is the recycled nylon and the sand layer of 5 cm (the wave retaining wall is originated).The flood control spillway: + The spillway threshold elevation is originated (at the normal water level) at +37.42 m.+ The entire adjacent stone walls at the two sides of the spillway and the water sloping transition are demolished and rebuilt by using the reinforced concrete.+ Some of the stone spillway bottom positions that broken and damaged are repaired.+ The eroded sites that lost the stone layer are repaired.The outlet sluice : + The downstream regulating valve is replaced.The management combined rescue road: The existing management and rescue road route to the dam is improved and reinforced according to the standard rural road of grade B with the total length of 455.5 m, the width of 4.5 m; the road surface structure is the M250 concrete of 20 cm thick, under the concrete layer is an oilpaper layer and the macadam layer of 16 cm thick.e. The observation equipment:The observation system is placed in the area.f. The management house:+ The new electric system and domestic water supply system are installed.+ The courtyard gate, fence and entire management house are repainted and repaired.+ The entire doors and windows of the house are

52

communal road to the headworks area is earthen structure, with the width of 2-3 meters. At present, the road to the dam is narrow, rough and difficult to traffic.- At present, the management house was placed in the reservoir area but was relatively degraded and was also without electricity and domestic water.

replaced by new once.+ The inside toilet is repaired while the existing outside toilet is demolished.+ The essential devices are purchased to ensure the efficiency of the operation and management activities, etc.

2.2.3. Materials, machinery and equipment for construction

2.2.3.1. Raw materials used

a. Land exploitation

The land exploitation for subproject are close to the construction site with average distance from 150m-700m. The status of the mine is the hills of some acacia and eucalyptus plantations, some of which grow fruit trees (litchi, oranges), and some of the low shrubs. The mines are ownership of households who have agreed to allow the exploitation of land for construction.

Table 2.2: Land exploitation for improving reservoirs under the sub-project

No reservoir Volume (m3) Describe Distance to

the site (km) Exploitation minutes Photos

1 Khe Chao1,311

The distance of land exploitation site to location of construction site is about

900 meters. The land mining is growing acacia

trees and it is ownership of household in Tau village,

Long Son commune

0.9

The minute for land land exploitation has been agreed between the

PPMU, the consultancy unit and the local

government (appendix 2).

53

2 Khe Dang1,467

The land exploitation location is a low hill area. It

has been growing acacia trees. The ownership of

land exploitation is 3 households inluding:

household of Hoang The Chi, household of Vy Thi Dung, and household of

Nong Van Diep).

0.3




3 Dong Man

3266

The distance of land exploitation to construction

site is about 100 meters, with area of about 12.000 m2. The mining has been growing acacia trees and owned by Ly Van Dau’s

household. The land exploitaion activity is agreed by household.

0.3




4 Vat Phu 5287

The land exploitation for constructing reservoir is at last mine. The distance of land exploitation site to

construction site is 5 kilometers..

5




54

5 Lang Thum

23,394

The location of land exploitation is near dam,

with area of about 8000m2. It has been growing acacia

trees and owner by irrigation exploitation

company.

0.3




6 Bau lay 10,086

The land exploitation is a part of hill, named Trung Quoc at Min To village,

with area of about 5000m2. The mining is growing some fruit trees and it is

owership of household. The location distance of land

exploitation to construction site is about 500 meters

0.3




7 Chin Suoi 12569

The distance of land exploitation to construction site is about 50 meters, with area of about 2000m2. It is

ownership of Dong Son forestry enterprise, having

some small eucalyptus.

0.1




55

8 Chong Chenh 1622

The land exploitation site is covered by shrubs,

ownership of household, with area of about 1000m2.

The distance of it to construction site is about 1000 meters in Thai Ha

village

1.0




9 Khe Cat 5023

The land exploitation site is hill where has been

growing acacia trees, with area of about 0.5hectares and owned by Nguyen Ba

Dung’s household. The location distance of land

exploitation to site is about 400 meters. The exploiting

land is agreed by household.

0.3




10 Khe Ray 8372

The distance of land exploitation to construction

site is about 500 meters, with area of about 1000m2. It has been growing acacia

and eucalyptus trees in Muong Lang village, Nghia

Phuong commune

0.45




56

11 Cua Coc 4903

The land exploitation mine has been growing acacia

trees, with area of about 0.8 hectare. This mining is owneship of household,

with distance to location of dam is 200m.

0.1




12 Chua Ong 10463

The land exploitation site is a part of hill where has

growing pineapple trees at the west of dam, with area of about 8000m2, belong to safety corridor of dam. The exploitating land is agreed

by household

0.15




13 Ba Bai 13438

The land exploitation site is the bottom of a hill, with

distance to location of dam is 1500m2, belong to safety corridor of dam. This area

has been growing melaleuca trees. The

exploiting land is agreed by famer who growed trees.

0.15




b. Material

Construction materials for repairing headworks in 13 reservoirs of the subproject: (i) Sand and stone materials are purchased at the mining in the area; (ii) Iron, steel, and cement: can be purchased at local dealers in the districts; (iii) Filter cloth is imported from foreign countries or from domestic companies. The dealers can deliver the material right at the construction site; (iv) Some other materials such as asphalt, steel formwork,

57

etc. are purchased in Bac Giang province or produced at the selected factory and transported to the construction sites by mechanical means; (v) Mechanical and electrical equipments are purchased in Bac Giang City or supplied from the selected factory and right transported to the construction site.

Table 2.3: Material transporting for improving reservoirs of Subproject

No Reservoir Volume of

transported material (tons)

The road route for transporting Distance to site (km)

1 Khe Chao 2,015 National Highway No. 279 to the construction area, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route 22

2 Khe Dang 5,656 National Highway No. 31 to the construction area, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route 7

3 Dong Man 1,897 National Highway No. 31 to the construction area, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route 3

4 Vat Phu 2,694 National Highway No. 31 to the construction area, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route 5

5 Lang Thum 7,805

The road route for transporting raw materials from Trai village, Phuong Son commune, Luc Ngan district to the construction area, along the road, there does not have any households living next to the road route far 5 km from the reservoir.

5

6 Bau Lay 10,750Inter-district road route, 5 km far from the reservoir of the Sub-project, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

5

7 Chin Suoi 10,248The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 9 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

9

8 Chong Chenh 554The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 8 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

8

9 Khe Cat 4,261 The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 8 km long, along the road, there are some households

10

58

living next to the road route.

10 Khe Ray 3,794The road route for transporting raw materials from the Provincial Road No. 293 to the construction area is 3 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

3

11 Cua Coc 3,114The road route for transporting raw materials from the Doi Ngo town to the construction area is 13 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

13

12 Chua Ong 6,869The road route for transporting raw materials from the National Highway No. 31 to the construction area is 7 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

7

13 Ba Bai 8,001The road route for transporting raw materials from the Provincial Road No. 295 to the construction area is 6 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.

6

Construction materials for the repair of 13 reservoirs will be collected at the site before the start of work about a week. Material transportation to the site was selected to minimize negative impacts on agricultural activities and local people living around two roads.

c. Landfill

The landfill of reservoirs under Subproject is close to the construction site, the average distance is from 0.10 km to 3 km. The condition of the landfill site is the hills which are growed some acacia and eucalyptus plantations, some fruit trees (litchi, oranges), and some areas of low shrubs. Details describing the location of the landfill and the distance to the site are shown in the table below:

Table 2.4: The landfill of the Subproject

No Reservoir Describle Distance to

site (m)The minute for

landfill Photos

59

1 Khe Chao

The landfill site is the zone having low topographic and having some acacia trees. Its location to dam is about 100

meters, and is managed by the irrigation exploitation

company.

100

The minute for landfill has been

agreed between the PPMU, the

consultancy unit and the local government

(appendix 2).

2 Khe Dang

The landfill site is the zone having low topographic near downstream of dam. It has

been growing acacia trees, is ownership of a household,

named Hoang Van Du

130




(appendix 2).

3 Dong Man

The landfill site is the zone having low topographic,

having some fruit trees, with area of about 1000m2, and

distance to construction site is 500m. It is ownership of Le Van Thuong’s household.

500




(appendix 2).

60

4 Vat Phu

Some households living near the reservoir have allowed the owner’s subproject dumping

waste land within area of their family.

200




(appendix 2).

5 Lang Thum

The landfill site is near management house, with area of 1000m2, coved by shurbs.

100




(appendix 2).

6 Bau lay

The landfill site is a part of hill, named Trung Quoc at

Min To village, with landfill area of about 2000m2. It’s

location to dam is 300 meters

300




(appendix 2).

61

7 Chin Suoi

The area of landfill is about 1000m2 in Beo Ca village and

near road no.242. It is ownership of household. The distance to construction site is

about 3 kilometers.

300




(appendix 2).

8 Chong Chenh

The landfill site is near Pham Van Bac’s household i Thai Ha village. The distance of it to construction site is about

1500 meters

1500




(appendix 2).

9 Khe Cat

The landfill site is the zone having low topographic,

having some acacia trees and coved by shrubs. It’s location

to dam is 400 meters, and owership of Nguyen Dong

Van’s household. The dumping waste land activity is

agreed by house hold.

400




(appendix 2).

62

10 Khe Ray

The landfill site is the area of dam downstream, with distance to construction site about 200m. This area has been growing acacia trees and owned by 3 households, named household of Vu Van Cuong, household of Ly Van Khoan and household of Hoang Van Dai. The dumping waste land activity is agreed by households.

200




(appendix 2).

11 Cua Coc

The landfill site is the yard area of cultural house in Bai

Dai village, with area of about 1000m2. This area is

ownership of local goverment, the distance to location of

dam is 500m.

500




(appendix 2).

12 Chua Ông

The landfill site is a small pond at downstream of dam,

ownerd by Luong Van Dung’s household in Phong Quang village. It has area of about

5.000m2. The dumping waste land is agreed by household.

100




(appendix 2).

63

13 Ba Bai

The landfill site is the area of dam downstream, with area of

about 1000m2, belong to safety corridor of dam and

having some eucalyptus trees.

120




(appendix 2).

64

2.2.3.2. Machines and equipment for construction

The headworks facilities of 13 subproject reservoirs are repaired in order to meet the construction timetable, completing the categories of construction works, basing on the terrain of the project site, the nature of the construction works and the material supply sources. It is necessary to place the main equipment to serve the construction of 1 reservoir in the subproject as following:

Table1 2.5 List of machines and equipments used for construction of a reservoir

under the sub-project

No. machines and equipment Amount Used Reserve1 Excavator 0,4 m3 – 1,25 m3 4 3 1

2 Bulldozer 110 CV 2 2 0

3 Steam dress 8-10T 1 1 -

4 Dump truck 2,5 tons – 5 tons 4 4 -

5 Dress toad Mikasa 5 4 1

6 Dredger 1kw 5 5 -

7 Dredger 1,5kw 5 3 2

8 Electronic machine 30-50KVA 1 1 -

9 Pump machine 4 3 1

10 Levelling instrument 2 2 -

11 Concrete mixer 500L 4 3 1

12 Concrete mixer 250L-350L 2 2 -

13 Grout mixer 80 litters 2 2 -

14 Water tank truck 2,5m3 2 2 -

15 Electronic welding machine 2 2 -

16 material carriage by manual labor 10 10 -

2.2.4. The land area acquired of the subproject

The subproject is implemented in the 13 communes of 4 districts in Bac Giang province. The land area of permanent acquisition is 0.86 ha and temporary acquisition is 0.85 ha of perennial trees.

Table 2.6. The permanent and temporary acquisition land area of the subproject

No Reservoir CommunePermanent

acquisition land area (ha)

Temporary acquisition land

area (ha)1 Khe Chao Long Son 0 0.052 Khe Dang Vinh Khuong 0 0.053 Dong Man Bien Dong 0.31 0.054 Lang Thum Quy Son 0 05 Vat Phu Tan Hoa 0 0

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No Reservoir CommunePermanent

acquisition land area (ha)

Temporary acquisition land

area (ha)6 Bau Lay Tru Huu 0.05 0.17 Khe Cat Truong Son 0 0.18 Khe Ray Nghia Phuong 0.0825 0.19 Cua Coc Huyen Son 0.0825 0.110 Chua Ong Dong Phu 0.0825 0.111 Ba Bai Bao Son 0.0825 0.112 Chin Suoi Dong Huu 0.14 0.0513 Chong Chenh Dong Vuong 0.03 0.05

Total 0.86 0.852.2.5. The construction method and timetable

2.2.5.1. The construction method

a. The construction sequence: (i) Preparing the land clearance and tents for construction activities; (ii) Constructing the small dyke surrounding a big one; (iii) Constructing the outlet sluice ; (iv) Constructing the additional embankment and reinforcement of the dam surface, drilling and grouting for water-proofing, reinforcing the dam surface slopes in the order from bottom to top; (v) Constructing the flood control spillway and traffic bridge facilities; (vi) Constructing the management house area; (vii) Constructing the management road, and the electric power transmission line; (viii) Clearing the construction site.

b. The construction of the main categories

After the construction of the small embankment dyke, the foundation for the construction of the outlet sluice and the dam shall be conducted. The construction sequence is as following:

- Clearing and grubbing the grasses, trees and shrubs on the upstream surface sloping, the pitching stones are excavated and removed (if any).

- The weathered rock and soil layers on the upstream surface sloping are excavated and removed to the selected storage in accordance with the current regulations. The upstream surface sloping is stepwise excavated following the design document.

- Constructing the outlet sluice .

- The additional soil material is retrofitted and compacted ensuring the designed weight and compacting factor as well as ensuring the designed slope coefficient; the compacted soil that extracted from the material mine or purchased must have good mechanical properties (equivalent to the soil mechanical properties of the existing dam) in order to fill the position of the sunken sloping by handiwork with the vibrating compactor ensuring the designed slope coefficient, the compacting factor is K = 95.

- Constructing the drilling and grouting for water-proofing.

- Constructing the additional embankment and reinforcement of the upstream dam surface slopes, the downstream water drainage facility and planting the grasses on the downstream dam surface slopes.

- Constructing the dam surface concrete following the designed cross-sections.

The concrete, the reinforced concrete works after concreting should be carried out the concrete maintenance work in accordance with the current regulations and standards.

83

- Constructing the flood control spillway concurrent constructing the outlet sluice and the dam.

2.2.5.2. Dam Safety Plan

A dam safety report (DSR) will be prepared for the Subproject. The objectives of the DSR are to present, analyse and make recommendations on: a) all conditions that may affect the safety of the dams and its associated facilities; b) impacts of the dam or substructure breaking or unable to work due to harsh natural conditions, human errors or structural faults; and c) the institutional framework (at the present time and in the future) necessary to avoid or minimize adverse conditions for the safety of the dams.

After the completion of the review at the subproject screening stage, the CPMU of MARD should provide a DSR for each subproject which is identified during the project implementation stage and sent to the international dam safety (PoE) and the World Bank for review. The report must include findings and recommendations for any related safety issues and necessary actions to be taken. The dam safety measures should be integrated into the design, construction and operation of the reservoirs.

Review and analysis of the dam structure: The review and evaluation of the dams and related works will include, but is not limited to, the following:

- Review of the geological documents and material sources, with the attention to potential adverse effects that may occur by the predictable geological features. Assessment of unforeseen conditions and counter measures to address the safety and operation of the dams and the works.

- Assessment of the suitability of the types of dams and spillways, the response of the dam design. They include the proposed measures for soil treatment, excavation, load characteristics of selected substrate, permeability and pressure exertion control measures. The safety point of view for any abnormalities or omissions and measures to be taken will be paid attention to.

- Assessment of the stability, strength analysis and safety factors in normal conditions, abnormal and extreme load conditions for soil dams and concrete dams, spillway structure and drainage works, including the determination of geological impact criteria.

- Consideration of the factors of like reservoir stability, landslide formation, waves, and wave effects on dam stability.

- Consideration of the hydrological calculation method that determines the design flood of the project, reservoirs and spillway size; review of the designs of the spillways, e.g. the flow conditions and the tilling basins; assessment of the discharge capacity of the spillways corresponding to all design flood indicators that dams will not be damaged.

- Considerations for the water intake and discharge works, including hydraulic designs, emergency dewatering capacity and sedimentation process in the reservoirs.

- Assessment of the design of the spillways and out-door controls, including the selection of the number and types of outlets and valves, lifting equipment and other controlling mechanisms. Particular attention should be given to back-up systems to operate spillways which have gates and draining facilities in the event of operational and power failure.

- Review of the design of the flow diversion works, construction progress, hydrology and the risk factors associated with the flow diversion during the flow construction and filling process at the beginning stage of the reservoir water accumulation.

84

- Consideration of the suitability of the instrumentation, especially those instruments or markers which are required in the prediction of serious hazards or dam breakage.

- Consideration of the operation and maintenance procedures and the emergency response plan of the dam owners, including the assessment of sub-project operation and maintenance factors relating to dam safety and operators’ capacity assessment to be able to perform the maintenance and inspections of the safety of the dams.

Review and assessment of dam safety risks: In addition to ensuring the dam's structure safety, the project will assess potential risks of the dams to the population and the environment in downstreams, including the related works. Dam breakage may not occur but if it happens consequences will be serious. Regarding this content, during the project preparation, as part of the DSR or environmental and social management plan, the subProject Owners should conduct assessing potential risks to the downstream population. For large dams with high-risks, it need to acquire comprehensive data during the preparation process, including topographic survey and downstream land use to simulate a downstream dam and flood breakdown under different conditions/scenarios to serve the preparation of the emergency response plans. Collecting data from upstream dams and/or watershed activities may also be necessary for some dams. Planning and implementing capacity building programs for the subprojects with pilot activities to promote active participation of local communities should be considered. Communities around the dams can participate in day-to-day monitoring to protect the dams from external destructors and they can join in simple maintenance tasks. A community participatory model in dam safety activities should be considered. Sedimentation and contamination of upstream water may be a serious problem for some river basins. The dam owners must commit to allocate funds for appropriate dam operation and management and to periodically survey dam safety.

2.2.6. Human resources and construction progress

2.2.6.1. Human resources and concentration campsite area

In order to ensure the construction progress of the Sub-project, the preparation phase only occurs in a short time, at the same time, the land clearance activities in the reservoirs are inconsiderable, so the human resources are expected to arrange 05 people per reservoir. In the construction phase, it is expected that an average of 50 workers and technical staffs and can be increased to 70 workers and technical staffs will be able to arrange for each reservoir. During the construction time, in order to create jobs for the local workers, the construction contractors may hire them to participate in the construction process. The local workers involved in repairing the reservoirs may account for about 20% - 30% of the total labor force (about 10 - 20 workers respectively), which may vary depending on the actual situation (such as: the skills, the working attitudes, etc.). The concentration campsite area for the construction workers at 13 reservoirs is located near the construction works, in uncovered areas without any land clearance activity. The area for material gathering is located near the concentration campsite area in order to facilitate for protecting the workers’ property and is temporarily placed the tents to shelter from the sun and the rain, and is equipped the toilets to meet the requirements of the National technical regulation QCVN 01:2011/BYT on the hygienic conditions for latrines; the individual activities are carried out in the concentration campsite area.

2.2.6.2. The construction timetable

The subproject performs the repair and safety improvement of 13 reservoirs. The average construction timetable of a reservoir is expected to be 12 months. In particular, the construction time for the main categories including the dam, the outlet sluice , the flood control spillway is expected to take place in 5 months; the construction time for the

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management house, operation and management road are expected to take place for 3 months; the construction time for the low-tension lines is expected to take place for 1.5 months; the time for the cleaning and handing over works is expected to take place in 1 month.

Total estimated time of the subproject is 4 years (2018-2021). The construction time of 1 reservoir is expected to be 12 months. Therefore, to ensure the progress of the subproject that completed in 4 years, the investor should select the qualified contractors.

Table 2.7: The average timetable for construction works of 1 reservoir

CategoryMonth

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Earthen dam

Outlet sluice

Flood control spillway

Management house

Operation and management road

Low-tension line

Cleaning and handing over works

2.2.7. Operational and maintenance activities

After completion of construction, the works of Subproject will be handed over to Bac Song Thuong Irrigation Works One Member Limited Company, Nam Song Thuong Irrigation Works One Member Limited Company, and local government are managementing and operating reservoirs.

Periodic dam safety monitoring: Once the reservoirs have been filled with water and the dams started working, the dam-owners are responsible for the dam safety monitoring. This assignment is carried out by qualified independent experts who did not participate in the investigation, survey, design, construction or operation of the dams. After the dams regularly operate, the monitoring stages are kept periodically, including the safety inspections prior and after flood seasons every year in accordance with the Government Decree No. 72/2007/ND-CP on dam safety management. Upon completion of the works, the operation of the dams will be the responsibility of the dam owners and the responsibility of the PPMU will end.

The reservoir and valve operation process: A dam-owner must develop a reservoir water regulation process to regulate the storage and discharge of water in normal and emergency conditions of dam and reservoir to submit to authorized state management agency for approval and organize the implementation of the process. The dam owners must prepare and submit documents on operational process of valves and each work (hereafter referred to as operation of works) to the authorities for promulgation according to their competence. Other operations should be addressed pursuant to the Government's Decree No.72/2007/ND-CP on dam safety management.

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CHAPTER 3: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

3.1 Country's Environmental and Social Safeguards Policies and Legislations

3.1.1. Country's Environmental and Social Safeguards Policies and Legislations 3.1.1.1. National Policy on Environment

a. Laws- Law on Environmental Protection No.55/2014/QH13 issued by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 23/06/2014 and effective since July 2015. This Law provides the regulations on environmental protection activities, policies, measures, resources, rights, obligations and responsibilities of agencies, organizations, households and individuals in the environmental protection.- Land Law No.45/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly of Vietnam on November 29, 2013, regulating the land ownership regime, powers and responsibilities of the State which is the representative of the land ownership of the whole people and unifies the management and use regime of land, rights and obligations of land-users in respect of land within the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.- Law on Natural Disaster Prevention No.33/2013/QH13 approved by the National Assembly of Vietnam on June 19, 2013, regulating the natural disaster prevention and control, rights and obligations of agencies, organizations and household, individuals participating in the natural disaster prevention and control, state management and resources to ensure the prevention and control of natural calamities.- Law on Water Resources No.17/2012/QH13 by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 21 June 2012 on management, protection, exploitation and use of water resources, prevention and mitigation of damages caused by water in the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.- Law on Biological Diversity No.20/2008/QH12 issued by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 13 November 2008 on conservation and sustainable development of biodiversity, rights and obligations of organizations, households and individuals in the conservation and sustainable development of biodiversity.- Law on Construction No.50/2014/QH13 by National Assembly, Session VII, on June 18, 2014;- Law on Road Traffic No.23/2008/QH12 issued on 13/11/2008;- Law on Complaint No.02/2011/QH13 issued on 11/11/2011;- Law on Cultural Heritage No.10/VBHN-VPQH issued on 23/07/2013;- Law on Labor Safety and Health No.84/2015/QH13 issued on 25/06/2015;- Law on Dykes No.79/2006/QH11 issued on November 29, 2006;- Law on Irrigation No.08/2017/QH14 was approved by the National Assembly on 19/06/2017;- Law on Plant Protection and Quarantine No.41/2013/QH13 issued on 25/11/2013.

* Decrees

- Decree No.38/2015/ND-CP dated 24/04/2015 by the Government on waste management and waste material.- Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP dated 14/02/2015 by the Government on environmental protection planning, strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan.- Decree No.44/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014 of the Government on land prices.- Decree No.47/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014 of the Government providing for compensation, support and resettlement when the State recovers land.

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- Decree No.155/2016/ND-CP dated 18/11/2016 of the Government, providing for the sanctioning of administrative violations in the field of environmental protection.- Decree No.25/2013/ND-CP dated March 29, 2013 of the Government on environmental protection charges for wastewater.- Decree No.67/2012/ND-CP of the Government, amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Government's Decree No.143/2003/ND-CP of November 28, 2003, detailing the implementation of Article of the Ordinance on the exploitation and protection of irrigation works.- Decree No.113/2010/ND-CP dated 03/12/2010 of the Government on the determination of damage to the environment.- Decree No.112/2008/ND-CP dated October 20, 2008 by the Government on management, protection and integrated exploitation of natural resources and environment of hydropower and reservoirs;- Decree No.120/2008/ND-CP dated 01/12/2008 of the Government on river basin management;- Decree No.72/2007/ND-CP dated 07/05/2007 of the Government on the management of dam safety;

* Circulars

- Circular No.27/2015/TT-BTNMT dated 19/05/2015 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan.

- Circular No.36/2014/TT-BTNMT dated 30/06/2014 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, detailing methods of land valuation; building and adjusting the land price table, specific land prices and land pricing consultancy.

- Circular No.37/2014/TT-BTNMT dated 30/06/2014 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, providing detailed regulations on compensation, support and resettlement when the State recovers land.- Circular No.30/2014/TT-BTNMT on land allocation, land lease, change of land use purpose, land acquisition.- Circular No.36/2015/TT-BTNMT dated 30/06/2015 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on the management of hazardous waste.- Circular No.22/2010/TT-BXD of the Ministry of Construction on labor safety in construction of works.- Circular No.19/2011/BYT-TT dated 06/06/2011 of the Ministry of Health, guiding the management of labor hygiene, health of workers and occupational diseases.- Circular No.13/2007/TT-BXD dated 31/12/2007, guiding a number of articles of Government's Decree No.59/2007/ND-CP dated April 9, 2007 on solid waste management.- Circular No.34/2010/TT-BCT dated 07 October 2010 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, regulating the dam safety management of hydropower projects.

* Decisions

- Decision No.52/2012/QD-TTg dated 16/11/2012 of the Prime Minister on the policy to support job creation and vocational training for laborers whose agricultural land is acquired.- Decision No.3733/2002/QD-BYT dated 10/10/2002, issuing 21 labor sanitation standards, 05 principles and 07 labor sanitation criteria.

- Government Directive in Document No.21/CT-TTg dated 14 October 2013 on strengthening the management of reservoir safety.

Applicable standards

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- QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on surface water quality;

- QCVN 09-MT 2015/BTNMT: National technical regulation on groundwater quality.

- QCVN 02: 2009/BYT: National technical regulation on domestic water quality.

- QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on domestic wastewater.

- QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT: National technical regulation on industrial wastewater quality.

- QCVN 39: 2011/BTNMT: National technical regulation on water quality for irrigation.

- QCVN 38: 2011/BTNMT: National technical regulation on surface water quality to protect aquatic life.

- QCVN 03-MT: 2015/BTNTM: National technical regulation on limit of some heavy metals in soil.

- QCVN 15: 2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on pesticide residues in the soil.

- QCVN 43: 2012/BTNMT: National technical regulation on sediment quality.

- QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT: National technical regulation on Ambient Air Quality.

- QCVN 06: 2009/BTNMT: National technical regulation on hazardous substances in ambient air.

- QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT: National technical regulation on noise.

- QCVN 27: 2010/BTNMT: National technical regulation on vibration.

- QCVN 07: 2009/BTNM: National technical regulation on hazardous waste thresholds.

- QCVN 18: 2014/BXD: National technical regulation on construction safety.

- QCVN 04 - 05:2012/BNNPTNT: National technical regulation on hydraulic structures – The basic stipulation for design.

3.1.2. Bac Giang’s environmental and social policies

In addition to implementing the national policies, Bac Giang province also issues a number of policies related to environmental protection and social security as follows:

a. Resolution - Resolution No. 29/2013 / NQ-HDND dated 11/12/2013 of the People's Council of Bac Giang province regulating on the rates, management and use of environmental protection fees for domestic wastewater in Bac Giang province;- Resolution No. 14/2015 / NQ-HDND dated 10/7/2015 of the People's Council of Bac Giang province regulating on the level of support to protect natural production forest in Bac Giang province from 2016 to 2020;- Resolution No. 05/2017 / NQ-HDND dated 13/7/2016 of the People's Council of Bac Giang province regulating on tax rate and levels for environmental protection activities in mineral exploitation in Bac Giang province;- Resolution 10/NQ-HDND dated 10/7/2015 of the People's Council of Bac Giang province regulating on the list of adjustments and additions to works and projects on land acquisition; Works and projects are allowed to change the land use purpose of rice land

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area, forest protection land area, and natural forests land area in 2015 in Bac Giang province;- Resolution 42/2016/NQ-HDND dated 08/12/2016 of the People's Council of Bac Giang province regulating on the level of investment support for clean water supply projects in mountainous communes and poor villages of 04 districts including Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam and Yen The in Bac Giang province.b. Decision - Decision No.03/2016/QĐ-UBND dated 04/01/2016 by People's Committee of Bac Giang province regulating on managing and using the surface water area of reservoirs in Bac Giang province;- Decision No. 83/QD-UBND dated 2/3/2015 of the People's Committee of Bac Giang province regulating on adjusting and supplementing exploitation and use plan of sand and gravel in Bac Giang province up to 2020;- Decision No. 337/2015 / QD-UBND dated 14/8/2015 by the People's Committee of Bac Giang province regulating on natural resources tax in Bac Giang province;- Decision No. 803/2015 / QD-UBND dated 31/12/2015 of the Bac Giang People's Committee regulating on natural resource tax in Bac Giang province;- Decision No. 43/2017 / QD-UBND dated 26/12/2017 by the Bac Giang People's Committee regulating on the services for collecting, transporting and treating household waste in Bac Giang province;- Decision No. 869/QĐ-UBND dated 31/12/2014 by the People's Committee of Bac Giang province regulating on compensation, support and resettlement policy when the State recovers land in Bac Giang province;- Decision No.861/QD-UBND of Bac Giang People's Committee dated 30/12/2014 regulating on the land cost list for 2015 to 2019 in Bac Giang province;- Decision No.01/2017/QĐ-UBND dated 16/01/2017 by the People's Committee of Bac Giang Province regulating on the implementation of democracy in land acquisition ; compensation, support and resettlement in Bac Giang province;- Decision No.24/2017/QD-UBND dated 21/6/2017, this Decision of the People's Committee of the province regulating on adding some articles of Organizational institution, operation, management and use of the Land development Fund in Bac Giang province issued in conjunction with Decision No.130/2011/QD-UBND dated 9/4/2011 by Bac Giang People's Committee.

3.1.3. Compliance to the environmental and social impact assessment

The Subproject‘s environmental and social impact assessment will be carried out in accordance with the World Bank and the Government‘s environmental assessment procedures. In particular, it will be subject to the environmental and social management framework of the project that the WB reviewed and approved. Social and environmental screening will be conducted for each subproject to determine the appropriate size and type of the environmental assessment. Based on that, TOR will be prepared for environmental and social impact assessments in accordance with the subproject scope and the potential impacts expected from the subproject implementation. Environmental and social screening will be conducted by World Bank safety policy experts. The TOR for the environmental and social impact assessments will also be reviewed and approved by the World Bank Safety Policy Specialists prior to the implementation of the environmental and social impact assessments. In the process of the environmental and social impact assessment, consultations with affected people and local NGOs should be conducted. ESIA will be publicly available at the place of the subproject implementation in Vietnamese language so that affected people and local NGOs can easily access and the English version will be available on the WB‘s website before the evaluation of the subproject.

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3.2. World Bank Safeguard Policies 2

3.2.1. World Bank Safeguard Policies on the Project

The objective of safeguard policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. Safeguard policies provide a platform for the participation of stakeholders in project design, and act as an important instrument for building ownership among local populations. The following World Bank safeguard policies have been triggered.

The World Bank has been triggered 8 safeguard policies on environmental protection and social security for the Project as follows: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04), Pest Management (OP 4.09), Physical CultrualResources (OP/BP 4.11), Safety of Dams ( OP/BP 4.37), Indigenous People (OP/BOP 4.10), Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12), and Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50).

3.2.2. World Bank Safeguard Policies on the Subproject

The World Bank policies have been triggered for the sub-project. These are: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), Pest Management (OP4.09), Indigenous Peoples (OP/BP 4.10), Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12), and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37). According to the screening, the Project is evaluated under group B. In addition, it needs to comply with the World Bank's requirements for community consultation and dissemination.

Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01 3

Environmental Assessment (EA) is an umbrella policy for the Bank’s safeguard policies. The overarching objective is to ensure that Bank-financed projects are environmentally sound and sustainable, and that decision-making is improved through appropriate analysis of actions and of their likely environmental impacts. The EA process is intended to identify, avoid and mitigate potential impacts of Bank operations. EA takes into account the natural environment (air, water, and land); human health and safety; social aspects (involuntary resettlement, indigenous peoples, and physical cultural resources); and trans-boundary and global environmental aspects. EA considers natural and social aspects in an integrated way.

The implementation process will have potentially negative environmental impacts on the environment and livelihoods of local people in the subproject area, especially during the construction phase. According to OP 4.01, the Subproject is required to prepare a report on Environmental and Social Impact Assessment as requested by the World Bank and report on Environmental Impact Assessment as requested by the GoV.

2 World Bank Safeguard Policies on website below: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,menuPK:584441~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:584435,00.html. 3 OP4.1 http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,contentMDK:20543912~menuPK:1286357~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:584435,00.html

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http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,menuPK:584441~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:584435,00.html

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,menuPK:584441~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:584435,00.html

OP/BP 4.37 Safety of Dams

This policy is triggered for the whole project because of the safe operation of dams related to the socio-economic development and environment. When borrowing from the World Bank for construction of new dams, a borrower must proposed a dam safety policy based on opinions of experienced and responsible experts in charge of design and construction supervision and that borrower, by way of the dam safety measures, will implement them throughout the project cycle. This policy also applies to the rehabilitation and improvement of existing dams, which affect the performance of a project. In this case, the dam safety assessment should be undertaken and additional dam safety measures should be proposed. OP 4.37 recommends that, in an appropriate circumstance, WB staff will discuss necessary measures with clients to strengthen institutional, legal and regulatory framework for dam safety programs of that countries.In 13 sub-project communes, 13 reservoirs with major facilities are severely damaged, so it is necessary to make a report on current status and measures to ensure the safety of the dam.

Pest management (OP 4.09) 4

The purpose of the pest management policy is to minimize and manage environmental and health risks associated with the use of pesticides, to promote and support safe, effective and environmentally-friendly pest management. The purchase of pesticides in a WB-financed project must be assessed for the nature and extent of risks involved, taking into account the proposed and intended use. For pest management affecting one of the two sectors of agriculture or public health, WB supports a strategy to promote the use of biological control methods and reduce reliance synthetic chemical pesticides. In Bank-financed projects, the borrower addresses pest management issues in the context of the project's environmental assessment. In appraising a project that will involve pest management, the Bank will assesses the capacity of the country's regulatory framework and institutions to promote and support safe, effective, and environmentally sound pest management. This subproject triggers the policy because of the use of insecticides in termite treatment in dam bodies.

The Indigenous Peoples policy (OP/BP 4.10) 5

The Indigenous Peoples policy is designed to ensure that the development process fully respects the dignity, human rights, economies and cultures of Indigenous Peoples. The policy requires subprojects to identify impacts on indigenous peoples and develop a plan to address the impacts, both positive and adverse. Subprojects should be designed with benefits that reflect the cultural preferences of indigenous peoples. The borrower should carry out free, prior, and informed consultation and obtain broad community support for the subproject. Borrowers should conduct free and informed consultations, provide clear and comprehensive information and receive widespread support from local communities. As a result of the initial screening, it has been confirmed that there are Ethnic minority communities are affected, so the WB policy on OP / BP 4.10 will apply. According to the survey results, 105 households were affected by the Subproject, including 07 ethnic minority households belonging to Tay ethnic group in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district. Therefore, the Ethnic Minority Development Plan will be prepared to identify ethnic minority people and the impacts of the subproject on them in the subproject area.

4 OP 4.09http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTOPMANUAL/0,,contentMDK:20064720~menuPK:64701637~pagePK:64709096~piPK:64709108~theSitePK:502184,00.html5 OP/BP 4.10 http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,contentMDK:20543990~menuPK:1286666~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:584435,00.html

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Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) 6

OP 4.12 seeks to prevent severe long-term hardship, impoverishment, and environmental damage to the affected peoples during involuntary resettlement. It applies whether or not affected persons must move to another location. The Bank describes all these processes and outcomes as “involuntary resettlement,” or simply resettlement, even when people are not forced to move. Resettlement is involuntary when the government has the right to expropriate land or other assets and when affected people do not have the option to retain the livelihood situation that they have.

The implementation of the repairs of items of 13 reservoirs in the Bac Giang sub-project will affect 105 households, of which 71 have permanent land acquisition and 34 have temporary land acquisition, with an affected area of 1.71ha, and no households were displaced.

The resettlement plan was prepared and submitted to the World Bank for approval. PPC will then approve the resettlement plan and all compensation, support and resettlement activities must be completed before commencement of construction.

WBG EHS Guidelines

The Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS) by a World Bank Group (WBG)/International Finance Corporation (IFC) was introduced in 2008. This is an important guideline on environmental, health and safety protection in industrial development and other projects. It set out the goals to be achieved and measures to be taken to deliver the best results at reasonable costs.

World Bank’s policy on Access to InformationIn addition to the environmental safeguard policies to promote the transparency and the accountability, WB issued the Information Access Policy relating to proposed safeguard measures. It sets out the policy to support borrowers’ decision-making by allowing them accessing information relating to social and environmental aspects of such projects at the website in native language, which is easy to understand and intuitive. The WB ensures that relevant environmental and social protection documents related to such projects as well as the preparation procedures related to subprojects are introduced timely prior to the appraisal. The World Bank’s information access policy requires disclosure of information in both English and Vietnamese languages and meets the World Bank’s standards.

3.3. Summary of environmental assessment process of WB & Government

Environmental assessment process according to WB and Vietnamese government policies are presented in table below:

Table 3. Summary of environmental assessment process of WB & Government

The stages in the environmental

assessment process

WB (OP/BP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment)

Vietnam (Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP,

Circular No.27/2015/TT-

BTNMT)Screening - List of categories (A, B, C, FI)

- It is not mandatory for each - Categories: I, II, III and IV

of Decree No. 18/2015/ND-6 OP/BP 4.12http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/EXTPOLICIES/EXTSAFEPOL/0,,contentMDK:20543978~menuPK:1286647~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:584435,00.html

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assessment process




BTNMT)specific case to classify, apply safety policy and determine environmental assessment tool (EA).- The World Bank will classify a

proposed project into one of four categories including A, B, C, or FI depending on type, location, sensitivity and scale of the project and the nature, the importance of its potential environmental impacts.- Category A: Requirement for full

environmental impact assessment. In some cases, the social and environment management framework is required, too.- Category B: ESIA, social and

environment management framework or social and environment management plan is required. In most cases, social and environment management framework and/or social and environment management plan are required.- Type C: no EA action.- Type FI: social and environment

management framework is the most commonly tool. In the case of a number of sub-projects that have been identified before the appraisal, the FI will prepare specific tools based on the frameworks, e.g. the ESIA or social and environment management plan.

CP.- Rules, regulations in

Appendix I, II and III - List of projects requiring submission of SEA and EIA report for approval.- All projects are not listed.- Generally, the Project

Owners classify their projects based on the classification as stated in Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP and consulted with the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) or Vietnam Environment Administration (DONRE). VEA) to categorize and require EA report such as:

Projects fall into Appendixes: I, II, III: SEA or EIA are required.

Projects fall into Appendix IV: no EIA and EPP are required.

Projects fall into Appendixes: I, II, III and IV: EPP is required.

Environmental assessment tool

- Depending on the project impacts, a range of tools are used to meet the World Bank's requirements, including: environmental and social management framework; specific environmental assessment; environmental and social management plan; regional and sectoral EA; risk or hazard

- The EA tools like SEA, EIA or EPP are identified based on Appendixes: I, II, III and IV of Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP.

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assessment process




BTNMT)assessment; Environmental audit. The World Bank provides general guidelines for implementing each tool.

Scope of environmental assessment

- The World Bank helps the borrower to draft the TOR for EA and to determine the EA scope, procedures, timetable and outline of an EA report.- A Category A project requires

ESIA TOR and the determination of scope and consultation will be necessary to prepare the TOR for environmental assessment report.

- TOR for EA is not required.- Normally, after consultation

with the local DoNRE or the Environmental Department (VEA) about the type of EA, Project Owner will prepare an EA report.

Community consultation

- During the EA, the Borrower must consult with affected groups and local NGOs on the environmental aspects of the project and focus their views.- For an A-type project, the

Borrower shall consult these groups at least twice: (a) immediately after the environmental inspection and before the EA TOR completion; and (b) once a draft EA report has been prepared. In addition, the Borrower will consult with these groups throughout the project implementation process as needed to address issues related to EA that affect them.- For a B-type project, there should

be at least one community consultation meeting.- For meaningful consultations, the

Borrower provides relevant project documents in a timely manner prior to the consultation in a form and language that the group can understand and be accessible to.- The minutes of the public

meeting are included in the report.

- Project owner is responsible for consulting with the People's Committee of the commune, ward or township (hereinafter referred to as the commune) where project is being implemented, consulting with with organizations or communities directly affected by project; Research and receive objective opinions and requests from relevant agencies to minimize project negative impacts on the natural environment, biodiversity and public health.- Commune People's

Committees where a project is implemented and organized and directly affects will be consulted. Project owner is responsible for submitting the EIA report to the commune-level people's committees where the project is implemented and organized and directly affects, together with a written request for comment. Within 15 working days

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assessment process




BTNMT)from the date on which a EIA report is received, the commune-level people's committees and organizations under the direct impact of the project are obliged to submit their responses if they do not approve the project.- The community consultation

is carried out in the form of community meetings co-chaired by the Project Owner and the commune people's committees where the project is implemented together with the participation of the community like Vietnam Fatherland Front, socio-political organizations, socio-professional organizations, population quarters, and villages/hamlets. All opinions of participants in the meetings must be fully and truthfully presented in the minutes of the meeting.

Public information - Before the World Bank conducts a project appraisal, EA report must be made public in a way that is easily accessible to project-affected groups and local NGOs. When the World Bank officially receives report, the World Bank will publish the report in English to the public via its website.

- After EIA report is approved, the Project Owner is responsible for preparing, approving and publicly displaying EMP at the local Commune People's Committee office, in consultation with the community for people’s information, inspection, monitoring. (Article 16 of Decree No.18/2015/ND-CP).

Independent environmental specialist

- For a A-type project, the Borrower retains independent EA specialist who have no contact with the project to implement EA.- For a high-risk A-type project or

a project with multi-dimensional

- This content is not regulated in Vietnamese policy.- The Project Owner shall

implement or hire a consulting unit which satisfies the conditions

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assessment process




BTNMT)environmental concerns, the Borrower will also hire a consultative group of independent environmental specialists with international qualifications to advise on the project aspects relating to EA.- Specialists/consultancy

companies will be selected through bidding under the close supervision of the World Bank.

specified in Clause 1, Article 13 of Decree No.18/2015 to make EIA report. Project Owner or consultancy companies must fully meet the following conditions: (i) Staff responsible for EIA must have at least BA degree and EIA consultancy certificate; (ii) specialized staff involved in the project must have university or higher degrees; (iii) have laboratory and testing equipment certified for measuring, sampling, processing and analyzing environmental samples for the environmental impact assessment of the project; In the absence of a laboratory, the calibration equipment must meets the requirements and there must be contract with qualified unit.

EA review/approval process

- The WB reviews EA's findings and recommendations to determine if it provides sufficient grounds for the Bank to process the project. When Borrower has completed all or part of the environmental assessment before the Bank participates in a project, the Bank will consider the environmental assessment to ensure its consistency with this policy. The Bank may, where appropriate, request additional environmental assessments, including public consultation and disclosure.

- The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment appraise and approve EIA reports of the projects specified in Appendix III to this Decree, excluding the projects relating to defense and security contents.- The Ministries or the

ministerial-level agencies shall appraise and approve EIA reports on projects under their competence for investment approval, except for projects listed in Appendix III to this Decree;- The Provincial People's

Committees conduct appraisal and approval of EIA reports for projects in their provinces, except the projects mentioned above.

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assessment process




BTNMT)- The appraisal will take place

at least 45 working days at the MoNRE level and 30 working days at the DoNRE level and 5 working days at the district level after receipt of full Environmental Impact Assessment or full EPP.

The number and language of the EA/EIA to be evaluated

- Number of copies are not specified.- Language requirements: English

and Vietnamese. EA reports in Vietnamese are required for domestic disclosure and must be in English for publication on the World Bank’s website.

- Project Owner must submit at least 07 environmental impact assessment reports (depending on number of appraisal committee members) and 01 feasibility study or technical report of a proposed project.

Content of EA report

- For a Category A project, the content of a EA report is in line with Appendix B of OP4.01.- The EA scope for a Category B

project may vary depending on each project, but the EA's scope is narrower than that of a Category A project. An environmental and social management plan is an integral part of an EIA Category A (regardless of other tools to be used). EA for a Category B project may also be an environmental and social management plan with the content set out in Appendix C of OP 4.01.

- The content of an EA report must be in line with Circular No.27/2015/TT-BTNMT.

Monitoring EA - During the project implementation, the World Bank will supervise the implementation of the environmental aspects on the basis of environmental regulations and the Borrower arranges reports of the agreement in the Loan Agreement and in other project documents to determine if the compliance of the Borrower's Environmental Procedures (mainly with EMP) is satisfactory. If the compliance is

- The local DoNRE is entrusted monitoring the environmental compliance of the projects.- At the end of the project

construction phases, the Environmental Management Agency will coordinate with the Construction Management Agency to monitor the compliance of the environmental management activities stated

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assessment process




BTNMT)not satisfactory, the World Bank will discuss with the Borrower to ensure the compliance, if necessary.

in the EAs.

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CHAPTER 4: NATURAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE SUBPROJECT AREA

4.1. Natural Condition

4.1.1. Geographical and Ggeological Conditions

a. Geographical conditions:

Bac Giang is a province located in the Northeast region of Vietnam, with the geographical location at the 21˚08’ to 21˚38’ North latitude and 105˚50’ to 107˚03’ East longitude.

- Bounded by Lang Son province to the North;

- Bounded by Quang Ninh province to the East;

- Bounded by Thai Nguyen province and Hanoi City to the West;

- Bounded by Bac Ninh and Hai Duong provinces to the South.

The project namely “Repairing and improving the dam safety in Bac Giang province” is implemented in 4 districts of Bac Giang province. The geographical boundaries of the districts are as follows:

Son Dong district: Son Dong is a highland district of Bac Giang province which far from the provincial center is about 80 kilometers to the Northeast of the province, with its administrative boundaries as follows:

- Bounded by Ba Che and Hoanh Bo districts of Quang Ninh province to the East;

- Bounded by Luc Nam and Luc Ngan districts of Bac Giang province to the West;

- Bounded by Uong Bi city of Quang Ninh province to the South;

- Bounded by Loc Binh and Dinh Lap districts of Lang Son province to the North.

Luc Ngan district: Luc Ngan is a mountainous district of Bac Giang province which located about 90 kilometers North of the provincial center and lying on along National Road No. 31, with its administrative boundaries as follows:

- Bounded by Luc Nam district of Bac Giang province to the West and South;

- Bounded by Chi Lang and Huu Lung districts of Lang Son province to the North.

Luc Nam district: Luc Ngan is a mountainous district of Bac Giang province with its administrative boundaries as follows:

- Bounded by Luc Ngan and Son Dong districts of Bac Giang province to the East;

- Bounded by Huu Lung district of Lang Son province and Lang Giang and Yen Dung districts of Bac Giang province to the West;

- Bounded by Chi Linh district of Hai Duong province and Uong Bi city of Quang Ninh province to the South;

- Bounded by Luc Ngan district of Bac Giang province and Huu Lung district of Lang Son province to the North.

Yen The district is a highland district in the northwest of Bac Giang province, with its administrative boundaries as follows:

- Bounded by Huu Lung district of Lang Son province to the Northeast;

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- Bounded by Lang Giang district of Bac Giang province to the Southeast;

- Bounded by Phu Binh, Dong Hy and Vo Nhai districts of Thai Nguyen province to the Northwest;

- Bounded by Tan Yen district of Bac Giang province to the South.

Figure 4.1. Geographical conditions of areas under the Subproject

b. Geological conditions:

Son Dong district: has a gradual steep slope terrain from the northeast to the southwest, the slope coefficient is quite large, especially for the communes located along the Yen Tu mountain range (average slope coefficient of 25˚). The average elevation of the district is 450 meters above sea level, the highest elevation is Yen Tu mountain top at 1,068 meters, the lowest elevation is 52 meters, the Ba Khe (Tuan Dao) area in particular is only 24 meters above sea level.

Luc Nam district: There are 3 mountain ranges that forming 3 arcs from the Northeast to the East: the Northeast has a Bao Dai mountain range with a series of low hills, the highest hill is 284 meters. The East has a Yen Tu arc, the highest top is 779 meters. The Southeast has a Huyen Dinh range with a series of wave-shaped versants, the highest top is 615 meters. These above geological features create the district hollow terrain with the gradual slope towards the Southwest and the terrain is divided into 3 different areas: mountainous, midland and lowland areas.

Luc Ngan district: is a mountainous district and the terrain is divided into two distinct different areas: mountainous and low hills areas:

+ For the mountainous terrain area: occupying nearly 60% of the natural area of the district; including 12 communes: Son Hai, Cam Son, Tan Son, Ho Dap, Phong Minh, Sa Ly, Phong

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Van, Kim Son, Phu Nhuan, Deo Gia, Tan Lap, Tan Moc. This area terrain is strongly separated, the slope coefficient is quite large, the average elevation is 300-400 meters, the lowest elevation is 170 meters above sea level. In particular, the hight slope mountainous > 25˚ is the main natural forest area. This area is inhabited by ethnic minorities, with a low population density, about 110 people / km2, an underdeveloped economy, a lot of potential land serving to the forest economy sector, cattle farming and fruit trees growing. In the future, the tourism will be developed in the Cam Son, Khuon Than reservoirs, etc.

+ For the low hills area: including 17 remaining communes and 1 town. The area occupies over 40% of the total district area. This area terrain is moderately separated with an average elevation of 80 - 120 meters above sea level. Land characteristic in the area is most hilly, some soil areas are eroded, often lacking water for irrigation. But in this area the land property is suitable for planting fruit trees such as: persimmon, longan, lychee, etc. Especially for the lychee trees, this area has been developing toward the largest lychee specialized cultivation region in the Northern, while continuing to grow food crops and develop fruit processing industry. In the future, there is potential for developing ecotourism in this area.

Yen The district: is a low mountainous district with many rivers and streams, the area terrain is diversely separated. The terrain is gradual steep slope from the northwest to the southeast. There are divided into three main types of terrain as follows:

+ For the mountainous terrain area: The area is 9200.16 ha (occupying 30.56% of the total natural area of the district), distributed mainly in the northern of the district, often separated by the large slope coefficient (at level III and IV), the main slope direction is from the north to the south of the district. The average elevation is 200-300 meters above sea level. This type of terrain is quite fertile, suitable for forest trees, industrial crops, fruit trees and livestock and poultry farming.

+ For the low hills area: The area is 8255 ha (occupying 27.42% of the total natural area of the district), distributed scatteredly in the communes of the district, with the average slope coefficient of 8-15˚ (at level II and III). The soil is average fertility, with the main soil components of the clay-pebbles mix, the forest cover is also average. This type of terrain is suitable for growing perennial crops (lychee, persimmon, etc.), and industrial crops.

+ Delta plain area: The whole area covers an area of 10633 ha (occupying 35.32% of the total natural area of the district). Along the streams, rivers are the smal paddy fields intermingled the hills. The average slope coefficient is 0-8˚. It is possible to develop food crops and vegetables.

4.1.2. Weather and meteorological conditions

The climate of the subproject area is full of basic features of the humid and monsoon tropical climate of our country. The summer usually lasts from May to October, is hot ,humid and heavy rain. The winter from November to April next year, is cold and rainy season. The humid tropical monsoon is divided into four seasons, with two main seasons is summer and winter, and two transitional seasons is spring and autumn.

- The project area has average monthly temperature ranging from 16.00C to 28.90C; the average annual temperature for many years is 23.30C. In the winter months, the temperatures are not too low, the February of the year is the lowest temperature month. The months with the highest temperatures are June, July and August at temperatures more than 280C. The monthly and yearly average temperature characteristic is shown in the following table:

Table 4.1: Monthly and yearly average temperature characteristics

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Month I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Year

Ttb (0C) 16.0 17.0 19.8 23.5 27.0 28.6 28.9 28.3 27.2 24.5 20.9 17.6 23.3

- The average relative humidity in the months of the year reaches 77.3 ÷ 86.9%, average annual relative humidity for many years is 82.3%. The April of the year has the highest relative humidity and the December has the lowest relative humidity. The relative humidity characteristic of the months in the year is shown in the following table:

Table 4.2: Monthly average relative humidity characteristic


U (%) 79.1 81.7 85.7 86.9 83.6 82.6 82.9 85.2 83.4 81.1 78.6 77.3 82.3

- The total annual sunshine in the year of the project area is relatively high, the measured sunshine data at the Bac Giang Station is 1698.6 hours per year. The months with the most sunshine hours are July and September (more than 200 hours/month). The months in the cold season have very small sunshine hours, February has 47 sunshine hours and March has 50 sunshine hours. The total monthly average sunshine hour is shown in the following table:

Table 4.3: Number of the monthly average sunshine hours


S(hours) 72.8 47.0 50.0 90.0 196.0 181.1 204.7 187.8 202.6 184.0 152.0 130.6 1698.6

- The rainy season weather is hot, with heavy rainfall lasting from May to September with amount of rainfall accounting for 75% of the total annual rainfall. The dry season weather is cold, with low rainfall lasting from October to next year April, with amount of rainfall only accounting for about 25% of the total annual rainfall.

- The average annual rainfall measured at the Bac Giang Station is 1567.4 mm. December and January have lowest rainfall (16.3 and 24.3 mm, respectively); The month with the highest rainfall is August (295.3 mm). The project area has the rainy season lasting from May to September with rainfall amount of 1182.5 mm accounting for 75.4% of the total whole year rainfall; The dry season lasts from October to next year April. The monthly average rainfall is shown in the following table:

Table 4.4: Monthly and yearly average rainfall


Z(mm) 24.3 26.8 50.6 110.3 185.7 251.4 267.8 295.3 182.3 117.8 38.7 16.3 1567.4

- Windy regime: Basically, the wind regime is influenced by the southeast windy regime (in the summer) and the northeast windy regime (in the winter). Some high mountainous areas are characterized by cold-dry weather, with hoar frost in the winter. The Laos windy regime is seldom appeared in the summer season. Some mountainous districts have local whirlwind, hailstone and flood events in the rainy season. Bac Giang is less affected by storms due to the guarding by many high mountains.

- The monthly average wind speed in the year varies from 1.5 ÷ 2.2 m/s. The monthly and yearly average wind speed is shown in the following table:

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Table 4.5: Monthly and yearly average wind speed


V(m/s) 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8

4.1.3 Hydrological and marine hydrology conditions

The project area is affected by the hydrological regime of the Luc Nam and Thuong rivers. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the water levels of the Luc Nam and Thuong rivers to assess the hydrological regime of the area

The hydrological regime of the rivers in the Luc Nam and Thuong river basins is divided into two seasons:

- Flood season starts from July to September over the years but there are existing the years that flood events occurring sooner or later fluctuated in a period of 1 month but the occurring frequency is not large. The water volume of the rivers in the flood season usually accounts for 75-80% of the total flow in the year. However, the water flow distribution is uneven over months, with the highest flow is usually occurred in July and August (at the Cau river) is 3200 m3/s, the water level in the flood season is 3-6 meters, the highest water level is 8 meters.

- Dry season starts from November to next year April, the water volume in the river only accounts for 15-25% of the total flow in the year, with the smallest flow is usually occurred in January, February, and March, the river water level falls into 0.5 to 0.8 meters.

The average flow during months of the year is at different levels of up to 10 times, the highest and lowest water levels are quite large, maybe up to 5-6 meters.

The total annual water flow of the Luc Nam river is about 1.86 billion m3. Currently, around 170 facilities of reservoirs and dams have been built on the Luc Nam river system to supply irrigation water to the districts of Son Dong, Luc Ngan, and Luc Nam.

The total annual water flow of the Thuong river is about 1.46 billion m3. On the Thuong river, Cau Son irrigation system has been built to supply irrigation water to Lang Giang district, partly in Luc Nam, Yen Dung and the provincial city of Bac Giang province.

4.1.4. Disaster situation in the sub-project area

- Natural disaster situation in 2014: The sub-project area is affected by two storm events (the storm No. 2 and the storm No. 3) causing heavy rain and strong wind. Due to the impact of the storm No. 2, and No. 3, in some localities, the local inundation phenomenon has occurred.

- Natural disaster situation in 2015: In the sub-project area, there are many extreme weather patterns that greatly affecting to the life and production of the local people.

a) Cold air temperature: In 2015, there are 32 waves of cold air affecting to the area, including 16 Northeast monsoon events and 16 intensive cold air events; there have been 6 very cold and damaging cold events, of which, there are 2 events lasting from 8 to 12 days.

b) Drought situation: Due to the impact of the El Niño phenomenon and climate change in the first few months of the year (January, February, and March), the rainfall in the sub-project area is very low accounting for only about 50% compared to the average of many years rainfall causing to partly affect the agricultural production.

c) Hot weather situation: In 2015, the hot weather events have early appeared and continuously occurred, especially for the two hottest events (the first event is from May 25th to

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June 4th with the highest temperature reached 380C, the second event is from June 26th to July 4th with the highest temperature reached 390C).

d) Situation of rain, flood, storm and hydrology: In 2015, there is one storm event affecting to the sub-project area; the are three flood events affecting to the sub-project area (Luc Nam district is flooded for about 292 ha of rice and vegetable cultivation area, Yen The district is flooded 736.2 ha of rice cultivation area).

- Natural disaster situation in 2016:

a) Cold air temperature: In 2016, there are 29 cold air and intensive cold air events affecting the area, including 15 weak affecting events, 6 strong affecting events, and 8 medium effecting events; the number of cold air events in the year has approximately equaled the average of many years of the cold air events and lowered than that in 2015. The coldest period of the cold air events occurred at the end of January, with the low temperatures in some localities reaching 40C in the mountainous communes, although it does not last long, this coldest period has also caused the frost situation in some localities of Bac Giang province for the first time with snowfall including Son Dong district, etc.

b) Hot weather situation: In 2016, there were 10 hot weather events on a large scale, hot weather events were much concentrated in May and June with the highest temperature in the year (the highest temperature day in the year is June 15th reached 38.40C in Luc Ngan district). The highlight of the hot weather events in 2016 was not so hot, appeared the more hot weather events but the time of each event did not last long.

c) Situation of storm and tropical depression events: over the East Sea area from early May to the end of December 2016, there were 10 storm and 7 tropical depression events, more than the average of many years of the storm and tropical depression events. The sub-project area was affected by the storms No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 causing heavy rain on a large scale.

d) Changes in heavy rain events: The rainy season in 2016 is in line with the law of the time, during the year, there were 10 heavy rain events on a large scale, mainly concentrated from July to September.

e) Thunderstorm and whirlwind events: In 2016, the thunderstorm and whirlwind events occurred in some districts, but on a small scale and less than the average of many years of the thunderstorm and whirlwind events.

- Natural disaster situation in 2017: In the sub-project area, some districts suffered from the lasting heavy rain events due to the impacts of the circulation events of the storms No. 6 and No. 7 occurred in Bac Giang province, the events of the hot weather, the drought, and the very cold and damaging cold, etc. causing the damages to the production and property of the local people in some communes of the districts.

The increasing the risk of dam safety of reservoirs under the subproject caused by the disaster situation in recent years. The results of a field survey at 13 reservoirs showed that many of the dams were leaking, damaged flood spills, leaking drains ... if repairs were not carried out, it could lead to dam breakdown affecting people and property downstream of reservoirs.

4.1.5. The environmental situation of the project area

4.1.5.1. Surface water status of the project area

In order to assess the water quality of the reservoirs, the consultant conducted 3 samples per reservoir at the upstream water intake of the outlet sluice , and at the spillway location. The water surface samples of 13 reservoirs in the subproject are 39 samples and 14 water quality

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indicators are analyzed including: pH, DO, TSS, COD, BOD5, NH4+-N, NO3-N, NO2-N, Fe,

As, Hg, Pb, Cd and coliform (see details in Appendix A4).

The quality analysis results of surface water samples at 13 reservoirs showed that:

- Most of the reservoirs, the TSS concentration levels were higher than the state allowed standard (9/13 reservoirs) and the TSS concentration levels of the water samples were not much higher than the regulated standard of only 1.1 to 1.9 times. The TSS concentration levels of some reservoirs were higher than the state allowed standard for all 3 samples including the Khe Chao reservoir, Vat Phu reservoir, Khe Cat reservoir, Khe Ray reservoir, Cua Coc reservoir and Ba Bai reservoir (6/9 reservoirs). For the water samples of these reservoirs, the most samples are taken at upstream (8/9 reservoirs) and the all samples are taken at outlet sluice (9/9 reservoirs) had high TSS concentration and only some samples taken at spillway had high TSS concentration including the Khe Chao reservoir, Vat Phu reservoir, Khe Cat reservoir, Cua Coc reservoir, Ba Bai reservoir (5/9 reservoir).

- Some water samples of the reservoirs have the COD concentration levels higher than the state allowed standard such as Cua Coc reservoir Lake, Chua Ong reservoir and Ba Bai reservoir, however, the COD concentration levels are not much higher than the permitted level of only 1.1 to 1.6 times. Especially, all 3 samples of water at Cua Coc reservoir have the COD concentration exceeding the allowed standard. The remaining reservoirs have only high COD concentration levels in the sample at the water intake.

- Most of the reservoirs with high COD concentration are also high BOD concentration. The BOD concentration of the reservoirs was only 1.1 - 1.5 times higher than the regulated standard and most of the samples at the water intake had high BOD concentration. Particularly, the level of BOD concentration in the upstream water samples is higher than the allowed standard although the level was only 1.1 times higher.

- Only one sample of the all surface water samples detecting the NH4+-N concentration

is higher than the allowed standard although the level was not significantly at only ~ 1.1 times higher.

- Especially, all three water samples in Ba Bai reservoir are contaminated with coliform higher than the allowed standard, although the contaminated level was not significantly at only 1.0 - 1.5 times higher. This is also the only reservoir that is contaminated with coliform in all surface water samples.

4.1.5.2. Groundwater status of the project area

To assess the underground water quality, the consultant has taken 03 samples of groundwater from the households living near the project areas of 13 reservoirs. The total samples of groundwater collected at 13 reservoirs in the subproject is 39 samples and 13 water quality indicators are analyzed including: pH, TDS, DO, NH4

+-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, Fe, As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Coliform and Ecoli (see details in Appendix A4).

The results of groundwater quality analysis in the all reservoirs areas showed that the quality of groundwater of the households around the reservoir was at good quality:

- The pH values ranged from 6.5 to 7.2 and were within the permitted limits (from 5.5 to 8.5) of the QCVN 09-MT: 2015 /BTNMT

- The total dissolved solids (TDS) in the groundwater samples ranged from 105 mg/l to 250 mg/l that very small values compared to the allowed standard (1500mg/l).

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- The total dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 0.85 mg/l to 3 mg/l. The level of NH4+

concentration in groundwater in the subproject area is from 0.04 mg/l to 0.54 mg/l that lower than the permitted limit (1 mg/l).

- The NO2- concentration levels at many sites are lower than the detection limit of

0.013 mg/l. In other sites, it ranged from 0.01 mg/l to 0.1 mg/l, just equivalent to from 1/100 to 1/10 times of regulated standard (1 mg/l). The highest NO2

- concentration was recorded (4.51 mg/l) for the Cua Ong reservoir, and the lowest NO2

- concentration was recorded (0.15 mg/l) for the Khe Cat reservoir, all samples are lower than that of QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT (15 mg/l).

- The Fe concentration in groundwater samples was lower than the standard, ranging from 0.05 mg/l to 0.8 mg/l, equivalent to from 0.01 to 0.16 times of regulated standard (5 mg/l). Other heavy metals such as As, Hg, Pb, and Cd were the concentration below the detection limit of the test method (0.002 mg/l).

- The levels of coliform and E. coli concentrations in groundwater samples are below the permitted level according to the QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT. No presence of E. coli in groundwater samples was observed, while the coliform bacteria was lower than the detection limit of the test method.

4.1.5.3. Soil environment

In order to assess the quality of the soil, the consultant has taken 03 soil samples at the water intake, upstream and spillway areas. The total soil samples taken in 13 reservoirs in the subproject area are 39 samples and 05 soil quality indicators are analyzed including: : Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and As, (see details in Appendix A4).

The results of soil samples analysis in the all 13 reservoirs areas of the subproject area showed that the heavy metal concentration is lower than the allowed limit regulated in the QCVN 03: MT - 2015/MTNMT.

- The zinc concentration in the soil ranged from 0.51 mg/kg to 2.9 mg/kg, the zinc concentration was almost below than the detection limit of the test method, the highest zinc concentration was at the site of Vat Phu reservoir (2.9 mg/kg).

- The cadmium concentration in the soil in the reservoir area ranged from 0.14 mg/kg to 0.26 mg/kg that is lower than the allowed limit.

- The both copper and arsenic concentration levels are lower than the detection limit of the test method and are much lower than the allowed standard.

4.1.5.4. Air quality environment

In order to assess the air quality, the consultant has taken 03 air samples at the road leading to the management house, at the outlet sluice , at the main surface dam. The total air samples collected in 13 reservoirs area of the subproject area are 39 samples and 9 air quality indicators are analyzed including: Temperature, humidity, wind speed, TSP dust, PM10 dust, O3, SO2, NO2 and CO, (see details in Appendix A3).

- The rapid measurement of air temperature, air humidity and wind speed parameters around 13 reservoirs area in the subproject area showed that the average air temperature at the time of measurement is 250C; the measured air humidity at the reservoirs areas ranged from 59.1% to 66.5%, the highest measured humidity was at Chong Chenh reservoir (65.5%); the wind speed near the reservoir area ranged from 0.4 m/s to 0.8 m/s.

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- The TSP dust concentration near the reservoir area ranged from 10 μg/m3 to 31 μg/m3. The dust concentration at the observation sites is lower than compared to the QCVN05: 2013/BTNMT (300 μg/m3). The PM10 dust concentrations are very small only ranging from 10 μg/m3 to 13 μg/m3.

- The other indicators, such as SO2, NO2 and CO concentration in the reservoirs are below the detection limit of the test method and below the allowed level regulated in the Vietnamese regulations.

4.1.6. Biological resources and ecosystem conditions

a. Terrestrial ecosystems

Within the repairing and upgrading areas of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project, there does not have any natural forest area, protection forest, or buffer zone of the nature reserve as well as without endemic and rare plant species in the Red Data Book of Vietnam.

The surrounding areas of the construction areas of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project are merely forest areas planting some trees such as: Acacia hybrid, Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Melaleuca trees; fruit plants (orange, grapefruit); and some low shrubs. There are only some wildlife species living in the construction areas such as: snakes, mice, etc.; some bird species; bee, etc.; and some livestock species of the surrounding households (such as duck farming activities inside the reservoir areas). Below is the list of some figures of the common vegetation species surrounding the reservoirs of the Subproject:

Figure 4.2. Forest area planting Acacia in the upstream of Khe Cat reservoir

Figure 4.3. The hilly zone planting orange in the upstream of Lang Thum reservoir

Figure 4.4. The hilly zone planting fruit plants and Acacia in the Ba Bai reservoir

area

Figure 4.5. The hilly zone planting Acacia in the Khe Dang reservoir area

b. Ecosystems inside the reservoir area

Ecosystems inside 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project according to the survey results showing that there does not have any endemic fish species or other rare species in the Red Data Book living in the Sub-project area. The fauna and flora species inside the reservoir areas of the Sub-project are mainly the following species: Cyprinus carpio, Cirrhinus molitorella, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Oreochromis mossambicus, Monopterus albus, Misgurnus

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anguillicaudatus, Carassius auratus, Anabas testudineus, etc., crab, shrimp, snails, etc.; floating plants such as alga Chlamydomonas sp, Pandorina morum, Pediastrum simplex, Silica algae (Melosira granulata, Synedra ulna), blue-green algae, etc.; floating animals belonging to the groups of wheel animalcules, cladocera, larvae, insects, etc.; freshwater aquarium invertebrate species such as snails, mussels, shrimp, crabs, etc.; and poor phytoplankton community such as copepoda and Nauplius larva ect. The repairing and upgrading activities at the reservoirs will not affect so much to the above fauna and flora species. Below is the list of some figures of the common fauna and flora species appearing in the 13 reservoirs of the Sub-project:

4.2. Socio-economic conditions of the subproject area

4.2.1. Economic conditions

The economic structure of the 4 districts in the subproject area mainly are agriculture with a high rate, the agricultural sector of Son Dong district has the highest rate of 62.2%, the rate of industry-construction and service are still low (Table 4.6)

Table 4.6: Economic structure of the districts in the subproject areas

District Agriculture (%) Industry and Construction (%) Services (%)Luc Nam 42.09 23.41 35.4Luc Ngan 43.5 36.3 20.2Yen The 46.8 34.8 18.4

Son Dong 62.2 18.9 14.9(Source: Socio-economic reports of Luc Nam, Luc Ngan, Yen The and Son Dong districts in 2017)

The economic survey results in 13 communes of the subproject showed that the average income per capita of the project communes is lower than the national average of 53.3 VND million/ person/ year in 2017 (General Statistics Office Of Vietnam). The Nghia Phuong commune has the highest income in the project area of 40.7 VND million/ person/ year, the lowest income is in Dong Huu commune is 12.2 VND million/ person/ year (Table 4.7).

Table 4.7: Average income per capita in 13 communes in the subproject areas

No. Commune District Average income (VND million/person/year)

1 Long Son Son Dong 182 Vinh Khuong Son Dong 233 Quy Son Luc Ngan 454 Bien Dong Luc Ngan 365 Tru Huu Luc Ngan 196 Tan Hoa Luc Ngan 327 Huyen Son Luc Nam 26,5

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8 Nghia Phuong Luc Nam 40,79 Truong Son Luc Nam 1710 Dong Phu Luc Nam 2711 Dong Vuong Yen The 2812 Dong Huu Yen The 12,213 Bao Son Luc Nam 30

4.2.2. The situation of agricultural production

Main activities in the agricultural production of the 13 sub-project communes are the cultivation of the two main crops of annual food crops (main crop is rice, in addition to cassava, corn, sweet potato, etc.) and perennial trees (main perennial tree in project area is lychee). For the annual food crops, in 13 communes of the sub-project, rice is much grown in Bao Son commune (1,112 ha/year), Huyen Son commune (618.9 ha/year), and Dong Phu commune (920 ha/year). Meanwhile, the perennial trees are popularly grown in Quy Son commune (2,256 ha), Nghia Phuong commune (1,033.5 ha), and Tan Hoa commune (953 ha). The cultivation activities in the sub-project area heavily depend on the irrigation water capacity from the reservoirs, therefore, during the repairing process of the reservoirs, it is required the solutions to maintain the irrigation water for the agricultural production.

Table 4.8. Agricultural production situation of 13 sub-project communes

Commune District

Annual food crops and vegetables (ha) Perennial trees

(ha) Area of rice cultivation

(ha)

Area of vegetables

(ha)Long Son Son Dong 385.8 297.6 11.8

Vinh Khuong Son Dong 164.5 86.5 55Dong Huu Yen The 305.2 284.2 200.6

Dong Vuong Yen The 346.9 309.2 245.5Quy Son Luc Ngan 515 501 2,256Tru Huu Luc Ngan 170 240 726Tan Hoa Luc Ngan 169 343 953

Bien Dong Luc Ngan 277 143 949Huyen Son Luc Nam 618.9 262.2 433.3Truong Son Luc Nam 391 165.6 290.9

Nghia Phuong Luc Nam 904 848.6 1,033.5Bao Son Luc Nam 1,112 536.2 421.8

Dong Phu Luc Nam 920 555.9 522.5Source: Statistical yearbook of 2017 (Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam, and Yen The districts)

4.2.3. Population and ethnic minorities The total population of 13 communes of the subproject is 115,607 people, equivalent to 28,221 households in 2017. The population of the communes is high different level, Quy Son commune has a population of 18,251 people, while Vinh Khuong commune has only 2,294 people. The ethnic minorities account for a high proportion of 35.6% compared to the total population of 13 communes (Table 4.9). The ethnic minorities people in the area mainly are Tay, Nung, Dao, Cao Lan, San Chi, San Diu, Hoa, Muong, Thai and some other ethnic minorities.

Table 4.9: Population and ethnic minorities in 13 communes in the subproject

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No. Reservoir Commune District Population

(people) HouseholdsEthnic groups (people)

1 Khe Chao Long Son Son Dong 5447 1350 665

2 Khe Dang Vinh Khuong Son Dong 2294 581 1702

3 Chin Suoi Dong Huu Yen The 5326 1559 2701

4 Chong Chenh Dong Vuong Yen The 4952 1292 3828

5 Lang Thum Quy Son Luc Ngan 18251 4352 9191

6 Bau Lay Tru Huu Luc Ngan 10554 2450 2919

7 Vat Phu Tan Hoa Luc Ngan 6635 1521 5174

8 Dong Man Bien Dong Luc Ngan 8587 1929 3426

9 Cua Coc Huyen Son Luc Nam 5821 1453 63410 Khe Cat Truong Son Luc Nam 6888 1790 145611 Khe Ray Nghia Phuong Luc Nam 15915 3757 392512 Ba Bai Bao Son Luc Nam 14327 3587 375413 Chua Ong Dong Phu Luc Nam 10610 2600 1789

Total 115,607 28,221 41,164 (Source: Socio-economic Reports and Ethnic groups statistical Table of 13 communes in

the subproject area)

4.2.4. Educational situation

In the 13 communes areas of the project, there even are kindergartens, primary schools, and secondary schools. The percentage of pupils that are attended to school is high. There are still illiterate people in the area that falling into the elders. The results of the survey in 13 subproject communes showed that the education level of the householders is more concentrated in the secondary and high school level, in which, the householders graduated the secondary school level occupies the highest rate of 58.9% compared to the total population and the householders graduated the high school level occupies a relative rate of 14.4%. However, the percentage of householders who have never attended to any schools is 6.7%, which is concentrated in the group of elderly householders located in the mountainous communes due to the previous difficulties of economic and infrastructure conditions.

4.2.5. Health-care situation

In the 13 communes areas of the project, there even are medical stations. The percentage of children that under 1 year old are 100%. Vaccinated. All the health-care projects for the people are actively implemented in the communes.

4.2.6. The infrastructure

a. The traffic road:

- The traffic roads in the sub-project area include the National Highway No. 31 passing through Luc Nam district, Luc Ngan district, and Son Dong district; the National Highway No. 37 passing through Luc Nam district; the National Highway No. 17 and the National Highway No. 292 passing through Yen The district; the Provincial Highway No. 293 and the

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Provincial Highway No. 295 passing through Luc Nam District, the National Highway No. 279 passing through Son Dong district, etc. The route roads have been asphalted for facilitating the traffic and goods transportation activities.

- The inter-communal and inter-village roads in the sub-project area are mostly constructed by the concrete structures, however, the management roads in the areas of 13 reservoirs are the earthen roads causing the difficulty in the rainy season to travel for checking the current status of the reservoirs.

b. The electric system:

The local people residents in the sub-project areas of 13 reservoirs have been supplied electricity to meet their daily needs for lighting, entertainment, living activities, and for household production activities.

4.2.7. Current status of domestic water supply and sanitation

a. The current status of domestic water supply

The survey results in the sub-project on the water supply situation showed that most of the households are using the underground dug water wells accounting for 43.8% and the underground drilling water wells accounting for 43.8% for their drinking and other daily activities, however, these water sources are only hygienic water, not clean water, the rate of households using standard tap-water is still low accounting for only 7.6% due to the geological conditions of the areas are mainly high mountainous areas, lack of infrastructure facilities leading to the limitation in accessing to clean water in general.

b. The waste management:

Currently, the domestic waste of the local people residents in the 13 sub-project communes has not been collected and processed. The local people still maintain their habit of collecting and processing the domestic waste according to their customs for a long time: in general, the organic waste has been mainly collected by the local people at their home, and processed by burning, while the inorganic waste has been manually buried.

b. The current status of security and social order safety:

The local people residents in the sub-project areas of 13 reservoirs are mainly the Tay ethnic minorities and the Kinh people. The people here are good-natured and honest, so, the life of the people here is very peaceful. According to the local authorities of 13 communes, the situation of security and social order safety around the reservoirs areas has been safely confirmed, there is no clear evidence of the social evils and regional security disturbing troubles.4.2.8. Customs, habits, and etiquette of people in the project area

In the project area, the ethnic minorities account for 35.6%, mainly are Tay, Nung, Dao, Cao Lan, San Chi, San Diu, Hoa, Muong, and Thai. Due to the diversity in the characteristics of ethnic minorities people that living in the area, the cultural characteristics and the customs, habits, and etiquette of each ethnic group are different. However, in the social relations, the ethnic minority groups in the project area have similarities with the Kinh people because of they alternately live with the Kinh people.

In addition, the exchange in marriage (among the ethnic minorities) is happening quite popular in the whole Bac Giang province area. This leads to the intersection in terms of culture and customs, habits, and etiquette.

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The ethnic minorities in the project area are even following the patriarchal traditions (the family name of the children are following their father family name), the married life relationship is quite equal. The ethnic minorities women’s voice and their participation at all levels of society has been improved day by day due to the changes in living and learning conditions, the dissemination of knowledge about law, gender, etc. in the community.

4.2.9. Gender equality issues

The proportion of participating in the community activities such as community meetings, training on production and other activities of social-political organizations between the men and women are quite different. The above data showed that there are 82.3% of the men and women participated in the production training and 17.7% of the men participated in the production training, but the men participated in the family agricultural production activities is only 12%. However, the men participated in the community meetings mainly is up to 43.5% and the women participation rate only appears in the rate of 56.5% of the men and women, which means when the men went away or absent from work, the women will participate as much as possible on behalf of her husbands. And these reflect the limited access of women to the information and knowledge, including information and knowledge about production and economic development. However, a certain percentage of 20.6% of women have been involved in social-political organizations, however, through in-depth research and finding, these mainly are women groups that enjoying to the specific organizations such as women’s union or self-managed activities organized by the women to help each other in household economic development.The Subproject was implemented in 13 communes in 4 districts of Bac Giang province, which during the process of implementation on a large scale will have the impacts on the environment and local people’s livelihood activities. Some facilities and characteristics of some reservoirs should be considered by the impacts of the Subprojects in the process of repairing and improving the dam safety are presented in the following table:

Table 4.10. The current status of the sensitive/ characteristic facilities of the reservoirs in the Sub-project area

No. Reservoir name

Sensitive/ characteristic facilities Current status pictures

1 Khe Cat

There is the Khe Cat Temple located on the material transport road at a distance of 700m to the reservoir.

2 Khe Dang

There is the domestic service water supply pipeline system from the Khe Dang reservoir to the households in An Chau town, Son Dong district.

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3 Cua Coc

There is the duck farming activity in the reservoir area was contracted by the local contractors in order to salvage the reservoir water surface. Each year, the local contractors raise two duck broods that contributing to increasing the income for their households.

4 Lang Thum

There is aqualculture farming activity in the reservoir area was contracted by the local contractors in order to salvage the reservoir water surface. Besides, the local contractors also provide the relaxing fishing business services in the reservoir.

5 Khe Chao

- There are some business ecotourism services in the reservoir area was contracted by the local contractors in order to salvage the reservoir water surface with activities including relaxing ramble around the reservoir by using the boats and the relaxing fishing services.- There is the boat racing activity on the reservoir was organized by the local people on September 1st

every year.

6 Khe Ray

There is the duck farming activity in the reservoir area was contracted by the local contractors in order to salvage the reservoir water surface. Each year, the local contractors raise two duck broods that contributing to increasing the income for their households.

7 Bau Lay

The road for transporting materials to the reservoir goes through the Dai Mien pagoda located in the Min To village. The pagoda gate is far 60m from the road.

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8 Vat Phu

There are several tombs of the local households nearing to the dam. The construction activities of the facilities can negatively affect to the spiritual life of some families having the tombs nearing to the reservoir.

9 Dong Man

There are some households living next to the road nearing to the reservoir area including some houses of the local people without fences and near to the roadside.

10 Chin Suoi

There are some households living next to the Chin Suoi reservoir. They contract to fish breeding, and to duck and swan breeding.

12 Ba Bai

The local people have urgent psychological symptoms due to recent 1-2 years, the reservoir water is depleted causing the water shortage for agricultural production. Besides the reason of the water shortage due to the flow to the reservoir is reduced, in the opinion of the local people, there is also the reason of the unreasonable water regulation activities.

13 Chong Chenh

The road for transporting materials from the town to the reservoir goes through the Hoang Hoa pagoda. The pagoda gate is far 30m from the road.

General remarks: On the natural conditions: (i) The area of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project is located in the region with its an average height of 300m-1000m; (ii) the climate condition in the Sub-project area is full the basic characteristics of the wet and monsoon climate regime in the Northern region; (iii) the investigating results and basic environmental analysis of the 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project area showed that the air environment, groundwater environment, and soil environment were in good conditions, the analyzed indicators were lower than the permitted

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limits following the current quality standards. For the groundwater samples, in general, the groundwater quality is good except the TSS indicators in some reservoirs are higher than the permitted limits (the Khe Chao, Vat Phu, Khe Cat, Cua Coc, and Ba Bai reservoirs); (iv) There are not any rare and precious fauna and flora species in the construction area of the 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project area, not the buffer zones of the nature reserves, the forestry in the Sub-project area is mainly grown industrial plants (the acacia, eucalyptus trees, etc.), fruit plants (the orange, apple trees, etc.), and some low shrubs. The process of repairing the headwork facilities will cause the potential impacts on the natural environment, so the suitable mitigation measures need to be taken. On the socio-economic conditions: (i) The total population of the 13 communes in the Sub-project area in 2017 is about 115,607 people; (ii) the average income per capita in the Sub-project area is low compared to the national average; (iii) the livelihoods of local people in the Sub-project area are mainly agricultural activities; (iv) the Sub-project area has the Tay ethnic minority households living in, they own the gentle and truth nature, and their customs are much different from the Kinh people; (v) the gender equality in the Sub-project area is quite equal, women are although less involved in the community activities, but mainly engaged in agricultural production works. During the implementation of the Sub-project, the repairing and upgrading activities of the reservoirs can cause the disturbance of the local people’s lives that negatively affecting to the situation of safety and security in the area, therefore, it is necessary to apply the suitable mitigation measures. On the sensitive/ characteristic facilities: In the process of repairing the facilities of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project area, there will be negative impacts on the surrounding environment (dust, air pollution, solid garbage, etc.), as well as facing the risk of damaging the structures (including the road damage), and affecting to the local people’s income (some aquaculture reservoirs, tourism development activities in the reservoir area). These impacts should be evaluated and proposed the suitable mitigation measures.

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CHAPTER 5: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

5.1. Environmental Incidents Related to the Reservoirs

Through study of history of the 13 reservoirs under the Sub-Project, up to time of survey in 2018, 5 among 13 reservoirs were constructed for 40 years to more than 50 years ago (namely Khe Cat, Chua Ong, Ba Bai, Cua Coc, Bay Lay reservoirs) and the remaining 8 among 13 reservoirs were constructed about 15-30 years ago (namely Chong Chenh, Chin Suoi, Dong Man, Lang Thum, Khe Dang and Khe Chao reservoirs). Of which, Khe Cat and Chua Ong reservoirs are the oldest ones those were constructed 53 years ago (in 1965) and Khe Dang reservoir is the newest one constructed 15 years ago (in 2003).

The intensive field survey by the ESIA team shows that since starting operation until now, there have been no any serious incidents occurring to the 13 studied reservoirs (e.g. dam broken, flooding over dam crest, etc). However, currently the complex of headworks are degraded affecting water regulation and threatening the safety in downstream areas of those reservoirs.

5.2. Environmental and Social Screening

The enviornmental and social screening of the Sub-Project was conducted to check all relevant aspects of the Sub-project and define scope of environmental and social assessment. Results of the screeing are shown below:

- The rehabilitation of reservoir function according to the project proposal will not change original designed volume and surface water area of the reservoirs.

- There are no important landscape and endangered species in or nearby reservoir areas.

- Result of the social assessment conducted in 13 communes in the project area shows that permanent land acquisition is 0.86 ha and temporary acquisition is 0.85 ha of perennial trees. Affected area of of acacia is 1.71 ha. Affected households are 105, of which there are 7 vulnerable households of Tay ethnic minority in Dong Phu commune of Luc Nam district. No households are seriously affected in terms of income and livelihood because they just lose less than 10% of their total perennial trees area due to land acquisition.

- In the process of repairing dams in 13 reservoirs under the Subproject must use chemicals to kill termites so the Subproject triggered OP 4.09 policy. The chemical termite treatment must comply with the process and technical guidelines, the process of chemical termites only occur within the body of the dam should not affect the surrounding environment.

- In the project area, no culture architecture, spiritual or religious structures are found. One pagoda is located near the route of construction material transportation at a distance of 1.5 km from Khe Cat reservoir scheme. During the transport of material, relevant protection measures must be applied to prevent dust and exhaust pollution affecting spiritual areas.

- During stages of rehabilitation and operation of the reservoirs, there may have some environmental and social impacts in the Sub-project area. According to the safety policy of the WB, it requires the project owner to conduct ESIA in compliance with the environmental protection Law of Vietnam.

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5.3. Ethnic minority screening

In 13 beneficiary communes under the Sub-project area, there are ethnic minority people living in all communes. Those ethnic minority people include: Tay, Nung, Dao and Hoa. They do not live in separate groups, but intermingle with Kinh people. Ethnic minorities here have production customs similar to Kinh people with main jobs of cultivation and husbandry. Their production skills are quite similar. However, they also have some unique culture features different from Kinh people such as traditional uniform, language. Currently, living condition of those ethnic minorities is still poor, rate of poor ethnic minority households is high compared to total poor households in the localities (above 50%), even in some communes, 70% of poor households is ethnic minority, e.g. Vinh Khuong (Son Dong), Dong Vuong (Yen The), Tan Hoa (Luc Ngan), Dong Huu (Yen The), Only some communes have low rate of poor ethnic minority households such as Long Son (Son Dong), Huyen Son (Luc Nam), Dong Phu (Luc Nam).

According to the FS report and result of the social survey, implementation of the Sub-project will affect directly 7 ethnic minority households over total 105 households affected. Those ethnic minority households are Tay people living in Dong Phu commune of Luc Nam district. However, no households are significantly affected because the land acquired is at a small proportion with less than 10% of total perennial tree area of each household. The resettlement policy framework and resettlement action plan will be developed to ensure that all affected households, especially vulnerable ethnic minority people will be compensated reasonably in accordance with relevant current law.

5.4. Gender screening

- Labor and labor division: Most of women participate in agricultural production, especially Tay women. Working time of women is often longer than men. Limited knowledge and traditional agricultural production customs make local people suffer from high risks of frequent crop failure.

- Education access: Although men and women have equal right to go to school, but in fact in the Sub-project area, number of school girls is always smaller than school boys.

- Participation of women in group work: In the Subproject area, there are Tay women. Generally, women have not been trained and empowered to express their concern and protect their right. Therefore, in community meetings, they rarely give speeches or express their opinions.

- Participation of women in local administration system Actual survey in 13 communes under the Sub-project shows that rate of women in local administration system is 25%. However, women merely take leading position. Only in Truong Son out of total 13 communes, the commune people’s committee leader is a woman.

- Health: Health status of women in 13 communes under the Sub-project is better cared for. There are clinics in all 13 communes. Rate of women and children going to see doctor is high. In 2017, there was no serious epidemic outbreak in 13 Sub-project communes.

- Women role and responsibility related to water use and management in Sub-project communes: Survey result in 13 communes shows that men often participate in reservoir

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management and play key role in making decision in water distribution. Meanwhile, women rarely participate in reservoir management, except the only reservoir of Khe Cat with one woman involving in reservoir management. Therefore, women rarely involve in decision making process of water use and distribution.

5.5. Positive Environmental and Social Impacts of the Sub-project

The following positive environmental and social impacts are anticipated resulting from the Sub-project implementation:

Improve dam safety: The repairing of the headwork complex of 13 reservoirs under the Sub-project will reduce risks of dam broken and ensure safety for downstream area of those reservoirs.

Ensure water supply: The implementation of the Sub-project will contribute to regulate water flow in rainy and dry seasons, supply water for agriculture production and domestic use in dry seasons. The Sub-project ensures irrigation water for 3,032.5 ha of cultivated area in 15 communes and domestic water for one town, especially in dry seasons. (Table 5.1).

Table 5.1. Irrigated and benefited area of the Sub-project

No Reservoir Irrigated area (ha) Benefited area

1 Khe Chao 192.5 Long Sơn commune

2 Khe Dang 350 Vinh Khuong, Le Vien and An Lap communes and An Chau town

3 Dong Man 140 Bien Dong commune

4 Vat Phu 80 Tan Hoa commune5 Bay Lay 520 Tru Huu commune

6 Lang Thum 700 Quy Son commune

7 Khe Cat 175 Truong Son commune8 Khe Ray 190 Nghia Phuong commune

9 Cua Coc 125 Huyen Son commune

10 Chua Ong 185 Dong Phu commune11 Ba Bai 120 Dong Phu commune12 Chong Chenh 180 Dong Vuong commune13 Chín Suoi 75 Dong Huu commune

Total 3,032.5 ha 15 communes and 1 townImprove landscape and create favour conditions for tourism development: The rehabilitation of dams, expansion of spillways and upgrading roads will improve landscape in the Sub-project area. Some reservoirs under the Sub-project having beautiful scenes together with convenient transport infrastructure will attract tourists. This will help create additional income for local communities.

Improve local socio-economic condition

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The stable and reliable water supply from reservoirs will contribute to stabilize production condition and stimulate changing cropping pattern, contribute to increase crop productivity and land use ratio.

Creating employment opportunities for local people in the process of repairing works from demand for food, entertainment services ... for construction workers.

Improving the dam safety and repairing the management road also facilitate the development of tourism in some beautiful reservoir such as Khe Chao Lake, Lang Thum lake, ...

Besides positive impacts, the rehabilitation of dams and supplementary structures will also generate a number of potential negative environmental and social impacts as described below.

5.6. Negative Environmental and Social Impacts

5.6.1. Types of negative impacts

Types and scale of impacts

The Subproject to be implemented in the area will cause certain impacts during the construction stage, however, the impact level is not large and can be minimized. Upon the completion of construction, the residential areas in the 13 reservoirs will be benefited from the restoration of public services/facilities, which promote economic growth and access to social services. Important flood control structures that are roads and dams to be repaired, solidified, rehabilitated will increase the safety for people and property in bad weather conditions.

Potential negative impacts are identified and screened at each subproject component from the preparation phase to the operational phase and classified according to the nature of the construction works. Most impacts are negative, temporary, localized and reversible due to small to medium-sized construction scale of the works. Impacts can be minimized by applying appropriate technologies and specific mitigation measures with the close monitoring of the Consultant, PPMU and local communities.

The table below defines the levels of negative impacts based on the levels of waste generation by construction activities7.

Table 2. The criteria for classification of negative impacts

Impact/Level Low Average HighWaste water discharge (domestic and industrial wastewater)

Exceeding the technical waste regulation from 1.1 times to less than 1.5 times and the discharge volume is less than 5 m3/day

Exceeding the technical waste regulation from 1.1 times to less than 1.5 times and the discharge volume is less than 5 - 10 m3/day

Exceeding the technical waste regulation to more than 3 times and the discharge volume is more than 10 m3/day

Dust and Emissions

Exceeding the standard of 1.1 times to less than 1.5 times with the emission level of less than 500 m3/hour

Exceeding the standard of 1.5 times to less than 3 times with the emission level of less than 500 –

Exceeding the standard of 3 times with the emission level more than 5000 m3/hour

7 Based on Decree No.155/2016/ND-CP on sanctioning of administrative violations in the field of environmental protection.

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5000 m3/hourNoise Exceeding the standard of

2 to 5 dBExceeding the standard of 5 to 10 dB

Exceeding the standard of 10 dB

Vibration Exceeding the standard of 2 to 5 dB

Exceeding the standard of 5 to 10 dB

Exceeding the standard of 10 dB

Domestic solid waste

Generating less than 1,000 kg/day

Generating from 1,000 to 2,000 kg/day

Generating more than 2,000 kg/day

Hazardous solid waste

Generating less than 100 kg/ day

Generating 100 – 600 kg/day

Generating 600 kg/ day

Explosion-fire, oil spillage

Less than 2,000 kg 2,000 to 10,000 kg More than 10,000 kg

Potential negative environmental and social impacts are also broken down by types such as direct, indirect, short-term, long-term and cumulative impacts.

Direct impacts: The direct impacts occur through the direct interaction of a subproject activity with environmental and social or economic components.

Indirect impacts: The indirect impacts on the environment and society that are not direct results of the Subproject, which is often created later or as a result of a real complex impact. Indirect effects are also known as secondary effects or even tertiary effects.

Cumulative impacts: the impacts that occur as a result of a combination of the Subproject with other projects that cause associated impacts. These impacts occur when the incremental impact of the Subproject is combined with the cumulative effects of past, present, or future projects that have the potential for predictability.

Temporary impacts: the impacts that occur during the construction or within a short period of time after the construction.

Long-term impacts: the impacts that arise during the construction but most of the results appear in the operational phase and can last for decades.

5.6.2. Preparation phase

5.6.2.1. Sources of impact

During stage of land acquisition and clearance, the activities that cause potential impacts to social and natural environment include: (i) Land clearance; (ii) Camp establishment.

The land clearance in the Sub-project mainly includes: Within 13 reservoirs, some reservoirs involve the land clearance activity such as Khe Dang reservoir (move some assets left such as boats and fish cages of the household who did tourism activity before); Lang Thum reservoir (1 house was constructed on the dam area); Ba Bai reservoir (clear vegetation cover (acacia) in downstream of the dam). For the remaining reservoirs, it requires clear land covered by small bushes around the construction area.

To prepare for the construction, there will have a number of workers gathered for building camps and clearing land. This is a source of solid and liquid waste causing pollution of surrounding social and natural environment.

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5.6.2.2. Impact assessment during the preparation phase:

a. Impacts on natural environment

- Dust generated during land clearance will affect air quality

Land clearance in the Subproject includes demolishing the house built in upstream of reservoir with total area of 200m2; demolishing management houses which are degraded at Khe Chao reservoir (area demolished is 120m2, composition of bricks and reinforced concrete); at Khe Dang reservoir demolished area of 125m2, made of bricks and reinforced concrete), at Chong Chenh reservoir (demolished area of 130m2, made of bricks and reinforced concrete), at Khe Ray reservoir (demolished area of 50m2, made of bricks). Total demolished area is estimated only 625m2. The demolition of management house occurs in a short time about 1 week so amount of dust released into air is small. The house demolition activity affects only some nearby households in Khe Chao reservoir, for other reservoirs there is no impact on local residents, except ambient air because those reservoirs located far from residential area.

The impacted level of air pollution is low and having mitigation measure.

Figure 5.1. A house built on upstream of Lang Thum reservoir

Figure 5.2. Management house to be demolished at Khe Chao reservoir

Figure 5.3. Management house to be demolished at Chong Chenh reservoir

Figure 5.4. Management house to be demolished at Khe Ray reservoir

Figure 5.5. Management house to be demolished at Khe Dang reservoir- Solid waste (including domestic waste) and wastewater will contaminate water and soil environment

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The demolition of 5 management houses at reservoir areas of Lang Thum, Chong Chenh, Khe Ray, Khe Dang and Khe Chao will create solid waste (bricks, concrete, wood, revetment, etc). Besides, during preparation stage, ruined assets of the household who did tourism business before at Khe Chao reservoir must be moved (ruined boats and fish raising caves, etc). This is a type of hard destroyed solid waste. If this source of waste is not collected and treated properly, it will affect soil environment where receiving this waste.

Figure 5.6. Some assets of household who did tourism bussiness at Khe Cat reservoir

During preparation phase, the clearing and cleaning of vegetation cover will be undertaken at Cua Coc and Bau Lay reservoirs. At Cua Coc reservoir, about 300m2 of acarcia planted at downstream of the dam will be cleared. At Bau Lay reservoir, at the location of proposed new management house, an area of 150m2 of citruit will be cleared. The clearing and cleaning of vegetation cover will generate an amount of solid waste of tree trunks, stems and branches. This amount is not big and local people can use for firewood and fuel.

Figure 5.7.Acacia planted at downstream of Cuc Coc reservoir

Figure 5.8. Proposed site to build management house for Bau Lay reservoir

During preparation phase, workers gather mainly to demolish houses and clear vegetation cover, it is estimated about 6 workers per reservoir, total workers mobilized during the preparation stage are 78 people. Time for land clearance is about 7 days. According to national construction standard of Vietnam TCXDVN33-2006 by Ministry of Construction, domestic water supply for one person is 100 litre per day and domestic wastewater is equivalent to 80% of water supply amount. As such, total amount of wastewater generated at 13 reservoir areas during preparation stage is about 43.6m3, average amount of wastewater released by workers at each reservoir site during preparation stage is 3,3m3, equivalent to 0.48m3/day. Number of workers gathered in preparation stage is not high, however, if their wastewater is not collected and treated, it will cause negative impact to receiving places and affect artistic features of surrounding landscape.

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Workers gathered during the preparation stage will also generate domestic solid. According to the report on environmental status of Bac Giang province period 2011-2015, domestic solid waste released by one person per day is 0.3 kg/person/day. Therefore, with total of 78 workers gathered in preparation stage during 7 days, total domestic solid waste is 163.8 kg. Average amount of domestic solid waste at one reservoir site is 1.8kg per day. Although amount of solid waste is not much, its composition is various including organic waste of remaining food, inorganic waste (plastic, paper, etc.) if not collected and treated properly will cause pollution of water bodies or soil environment where receiving this waste.

The impact of solid waste, wastewater and domestic waste are low and having mitigation measures.

- Land clearance will affect ecosystem and biodiversity

For vegetation cover: within the project area of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project, there does not have any natural forest area, the surrounding areas are also mainly acacia, eucalyptus trees, and fruit plants (litchi, orange trees, etc.), low shrubs, and there does not have any rare plants are affected. The vegetation cover clearing activities in the reservoirs areas of the Sub-project are mainly for clearing low shrubs surrounding the dams, management roads and some acacia plantation areas encroaching upon the downstream slopes of the dams (Cua Coc reservoir), area of orange trees (Bau Lay reservoir). The vegetation cover clearance area is small then these activities do not affect the ecosystem and surrounding landscape.

For fauna species: the construction area of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project does not go through the area of primeval forest, protection forest, or buffer zone of the nature reserve. The construction scope area of the Sub-project does not include rare animals, only some wildlife species (eg, mice, snakes, birds, etc.), so the vegetation cover clearance process can affect the food source of the feeding animals (buffalo, cow, etc.). At the same time, the natural habitats of some wildlife animals (snakes, mice, etc.) are also lost, some bees and birds must nest on the canopy of the trees.

Impact on ecosystems and biodiversity in the preparation phase is low and having mitigation measure.

b. Social impacts

Impacts on livelihood and production of local people due to land acquision

The implemntation of the Sub-project will acquire 0.86 ha permanently and temporarily 0.85ha of perennial tree area. Area of acacia affected is 1.71 ha. There are 105 households affected, of which 07 households are vulnerable people of Tay ethnic minority in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district (Table 5.2). Although the area of land acquired is not large but this area has already allocated to local households, including ethnic minority households, therefore, it affects livelihood, production, income and job of main labors of those affected households, especially for ethnic minority households. However, the social survey result shows that area of involuntary land loss is smaller than 10% of total cultivation land possessed by each household therefore an alternative livelihood development program is not required in the Sub-project area.

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Table 5.3. Checklist of potential negative impacts

No Reservoir Location

Area of permanent acquisition

Area of temporary acquisition

Area of affected acacia (ha)

Total affected HHArea

(ha)Affected HH

Area (ha)

Affected HH

1Khe Chao

Long Son

0 1 0.05 2 0.05 3

2 Khe Dang

Vinh Khuong

0 0 0.05 2 0.05 2

3 Dong Man

Bien Dong

0.31 29 0.05 2 0.36 31

4 Lang Thum Quy Son

0 0 0 0 0 0

5Vat Phu Tan Hoa

0 0 0 0 0 0

6Bau Lay Tru Huu

0.05 3 0.1 4 0.15 7

7Khe Cat

Truong Son

0 0 0.1 4 0.1 4

8Khe Ray

Nghia Phuong

0.0825 3 0.1 4 0.1825 7

9Cua Coc

Huyen Son

0.0825 3 0.1 4 0.1825 7

10 Chua Ong

Dong Phu

0.0825 3 0.1 4 0.1825 7

11Ba Bai Bao Son

0.0825 3 0.1 4 0.1825 7

12Chin Suoi

Dong Huu

0.14 24 0.05 2 0.19 26

13 Chong Chenh

Dong Vuong

0.03 2 0.05 2 0.08 4

Total 0.86 71 0.85 34 1.71 105

Impacts on labor safety induced by risks of unexploded ordnance

The land clearance and soil exploitation activity for rehabilitation of 13 reservoirs under the Sub-project may cause risks of safety of workers due to unexploded ordnance from the war time that may still exist.

Impacts on people's livelihoods and production from land acquisition at Average level. Mitigation measures for land acquisition are proposed in Chapter 7.

Impacts on local security

The gathering of workers in the locality may create social evils (such as thief, burger, gambling, etc) and cause insecurity in 13 local communes where implementing the Sub-project. During the preparatory stage, there were only about 6 workers per a reservoir under Subproject, so that they did not affect the security situation in 13 communes under Subproject.

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The impacted level is Low and having mitigation measures.

c. Assessing the environmental impacts of the preparation phase

Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the preparation phase of the Sub-project can cause some negative impacts on the natural and social environment:

Impacts on the natural environment: (i) The air environment is affected by the dust and emissions arising from the site clearance and the material transportation activities; (ii) The surface water environment can be polluted by the domestic wastewater arising from the concentration of workers if this wastewater was not collected and treated will flow into the canals behind the reservoirs causing the local water source pollution; (iii) The soil environment can be polluted by the construction solid waste from the demolished operations and solid waste from the vegetation removal activities if these wastes were not collected and treated will pollute the soil environment because the construction solid waste is difficult to decompose; (iii) Ecosystems and biodiversity, within the project area of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project, there were only artificial ecosystems with the main vegetation of some crops, shrubs, and plants, then the environmental impact level is small.

Impacts on the social environment: (i) There are impacts on the production activities of the local people due to the implementation of the Sub-project will lead to the permanent land acquisition area of 0.86 ha and the temporary land acquisition area of 0.85 ha of perennial land areas and will affect the income of the households; impacts on the safety and daily-life of workers; (iii) Local security situation is less affected by the preparation phase due to the low number of workers in this phase.

Environmental impact level: The negative impacts of the Sub-project during the preparation phase to the natural environment are negligible, temporary, and can be minimized. The main negative impacts during this phase are the acquisition of land area of the local people including the ethnic minorities. However, according to the impact assessment, the land acquisition area is more than 10% of the total production land area of the local people so the acquisition of land area activities do not affect so much to their livelihood. The negative impact mitigation measures during the preparation phase will be presented in Chapter 7.

5.6.3. Potential Negative Impacts during the Construction phase


During the construction phase, activities that have impacts to social and natural environment include: (i) Earthen quarry exploitation activity; (ii) Dam repairing; (iii) sluice repairing; (iv) Spillway repairing; (v) management house building or repairing; (vii) material transport; (viii) gathering workers.

5.6.3.2. Environmental and social impacts during construction phase:

5.6.2.3.1. General impacts

a. Impacts on natural environment

127

- Dust and gas exhaust released from earthen quarry exploitation and material transport will cause air pollution.

Dust arising in the earthen materials: Total earthen amount serving repair and upgrade of the headworks of 13 reservoirs estimated at 101,273 m3, equivalent to 141,781 tons (density of 1m3 earth is 1.4 tons), time for earth quarry exploitation is expected within 6 months. According to the WB guideline on EIA (Environmental assessment sourcebook, volume II, sectoral guidelines, environment, World Bank, Washington D.C 8/1991), dust pollution coefficient is calculated by the following formula:

E = k x 0.0016 x (U/2.2)1.3/(M/2)1.4 (1)

Of which: - E is dust diffusion coefficient (kg/ton).

- 0.0016 is experiemental coeffiecient.

- k is dust texture coeffient with mean value of 0.35

- U is mean windy speed (m/s).

- M is mean moisture of material (%).

- Mean windy speed in the Subproejct area os 1,0m/s, mean moisture of material (soil) is 20%.

The results of dust diffusion calculation at earthen quarries show that in average, amount of dust released at one quarry is 0.33 kg per day. Equivalent to 11.4 mg/s (Table 5.4)

Table 5.4: Dust diffusion caused by earth excavation and filling

No Earth quarry

Amount of earthen excavation at

quarry

Average amount of

earthen filling and excavation (ton/day)

Dust released (kg/day)

Pollution load

(mg/s)m3 Ton

1 Khe Chao 1,321 1,849 5.14 0.06 1.932 Khe Dang 1,467 2,054 5.71 0.06 2.153 Dong Man 3,266 4,572 12.7 0.14 4.784 Vat Phu 5,287 7,402 20.56 0.22 7.745 Lang Thum 23,394 32,751 90.98 0.99 34.236 Bau lay 10,086 14,121 39.23 0.43 14.767 Chin Suoi 12,629 17,681 49.11 0.53 18.488 Chong Chenh 1,622 2,271 6.31 0.07 2.379 Khe Cat 5,024 7,033 19.54 0.21 7.3510 Khe Ray 8,372 11,721 32.56 0.35 12.2511 Cua Coc 4,903 6,864 19.07 0.21 7.1712 Chua Ong 10,463 14,648 40.69 0.44 15.3113 Ba Bai 13,439 18,814 52.26 0.57 19.66

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Total 101,273 141,781 Mean 0.33 11.4Applying the model of air pollution diffusion calculation by Sutton to forecast level of pollutants diffusion at earthen quarries with the formula below:

(2)

Of which:

C: Pollutant concentration in the air /m3).

E: Pollutant load by source (mg/s).

Z: Height of the calculation point (Z=1,5m)

h: Height of road compared to surrounding land surface (h=0,5m).

u: Mean windy speed at the leverage site (u=1,0m/s)

:z Pollutant diffusion co-effient in Z direction (m).

Pollutant diffusion value z in (Z) horizon with stability of air at the Subproject area of B is calculated as follows:

z =0.53 X 0.73 (m)

x: Distance from calculation point compared to pollutant source, along windy blowing direction (m).

Results of calculation of pollutant concentration caused by the material exploitation based on Sutton’s formula is given in the table 5.5 below.

Table 5.5 Forecast of dust concentration by distance during soil exploitation

Earthen quarryDust concentration by distance from pollution sources

(mg/m3)QCVN

05:2013/BTNMT5m 10m 50m 100m 500m 1000m

Khe Chao 1.58 0.71 0.19 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.3Khe Đang 1.76 0.79 0.21 0.13 0.04 0.02Đong Man 3.91 1.75 0.47 0.28 0.09 0.05Vat Phu 6.33 2.83 0.76 0.45 0.14 0.08Lang Thum 27.99 12.53 3.35 2.00 0.62 0.37Bau lay 12.07 5.40 1.44 0.86 0.27 0.16Chin Suoi 15.11 6.76 1.81 1.08 0.33 0.20Chong Chenh 1.94 0.87 0.23 0.14 0.04 0.03 Khe Cat 6.01 2.69 0.72 0.43 0.13 0.08Khe Ray 10.02 4.48 1.20 0.72 0.22 0.13Cua Coc 5.87 2.63 0.70 0.42 0.13 0.08

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Chua Ong 12.52 5.60 1.50 0.90 0.28 0.17 Ba Bai 16.08 7.20 1.92 1.15 0.35 0.21Results of calculating dust concentrations in the air from the mining explotation activities in the 13 reservoirs of the Sub-project showed that the dust concentration in the air only meets the requirements of QCVN 05: 2013/BTNMT when the distance is greater than 500m at all reservoirs. The dust concentrations at exploitation area which will directly affect to the workers, the surrounding households will be less affected by the far distance.

The impacted level of the dust concentration in the exploitation area is high, but the mining activities only take a short time and having mitigation measures.

Dust and exhaust generated during the transport of earthen materials: The transport of earthen material is also a source of dust and exhaust generation affecting air quality. Total amount of earth for construction and repair of 13 reservoirs is estimated 141,781 tons which will be carried by 5 ton capacity trucks, duration of construction is about 12 months each reservoir, such when repairing one reservoir, it will need 79 rounds of truck per day. Based on the dust and exhaust release coefficient of transport vehicle used petrolimex by WHO (1993), dust is 0.9kg/1000km, SO2 is 0.21 kg/1000km; NO2 is 1.44kg/1000km; and CO is 2.9 kg/1000km, the results of calculation of dust and emission concentration are shown in Table 5.6.

Table 5.6: Dust and exhaust emission volume by earth transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject

Reservoir Emission volume (mg/s)

Dust SO2 NO2 COKhe Chao 0.15 0.04 0.25 0.5Khe Dang 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.16Dong Man 0.29 0.07 0.46 0.93

Vat Phu 0.32 0.07 0.52 1.04Lang Thum 0.71 0.16 1.14 2.3

Bau Lay 0.44 0.1 0.7 1.4Chin Suoi 0.13 0.03 0.2 0.41

Chong Chenh 0.14 0.03 0.23 0.45Khe Cat 0.39 0.09 0.63 1.27Khe Ray 0.48 0.11 0.77 1.55Cua Coc 0.15 0.03 0.24 0.48

Chua Ong 0.45 0.1 0.71 1.44Ba Bai 0.56 0.13 0.9 1.81

Based on pollutant load calculated above, applying Sutton formula to determine dust concentration and exhaust emission by transport vehicles in the Sub-project which results are as follows:

Table 5.7. Dust and exhaust emission concentration by land transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject

No ExhaustConcentration by distance to pollution source

(µg/m3)QCVN

05:2013/BTNMT(µg/m3)

5m 10m 20m 30m 50m1 Khe Chao reservoir

130

Dust 113.85 53.82 29.71 21.60 14.66 300SO2 30.36 14.35 7.92 5.76 3.91 350NO2 189.75 89.71 49.51 36.00 24.44 200CO 379.50 179.41 99.02 72.01 48.87 30.000

2 Khe Dang reservoirDust 37.95 17.94 9.90 7.20 4.89 300SO2 7.59 3.59 1.98 1.44 0.98 350NO2 60.72 28.71 15.84 11.52 7.82 200CO 121.44 57.41 31.69 23.04 15.64 30.000

3 Dong ManDust 220.11 104.06 57.43 41.76 28.34 300SO2 53.13 25.12 13.86 10.08 6.84 350NO2 349.14 165.06 91.10 66.25 44.96 200CO 705.87 333.71 184.17 133.93 90.90 30.000

4 Vat Phu reservoirDust 242.88 114.82 63.37 46.08 31.28 300SO2 53.13 25.12 13.86 10.08 6.84 350NO2 394.68 186.59 102.98 74.89 50.83 200CO 789.36 373.18 205.96 149.77 101.65 30.000

5 Lang Thum reservoirDust 538.89 254.76 140.60 102.25 69.40 300SO2 121.44 57.41 31.69 23.04 15.64 350NO2 865.26 409.06 225.76 164.17 111.42 200CO 1745.69 825.29 455.48 331.23 224.80 30.000

6 Bay Lau reservoirDust 333.96 157.88 87.14 63.37 43.01 300SO2 75.90 35.88 19.80 14.40 9.77 350NO2 531.30 251.18 138.62 100.81 68.42 200CO 1062.60 502.35 277.25 201.62 136.84 30.000

7 Chin Suoi reservoirDust 98.67 46.65 25.74 18.72 12.71 300SO2 22.77 10.76 5.94 4.32 2.93 350NO2 151.80 71.76 39.61 28.80 19.55 200CO 311.19 147.12 81.19 59.05 40.07 30.000

8 Chong Chenh reservoirDust 106.26 50.24 27.72 20.16 13.68 300SO2 22.77 10.76 5.94 4.32 2.93 350NO2 174.57 82.53 45.55 33.12 22.48 200CO 341.55 161.47 89.12 64.81 43.98 30.000

9 Khe Cat reservoirDust 296.01 139.94 77.23 56.16 38.12 300SO2 68.31 32.29 17.82 12.96 8.80 350

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NO2 478.17 226.06 124.76 90.73 61.58 200CO 963.93 455.71 251.50 182.90 124.13 30.000

10 Khe Ray reservoirDust 364.32 172.24 95.06 69.13 46.92 300SO2 83.49 39.47 21.78 15.84 10.75 350NO2 584.43 276.29 152.49 110.89 75.26 200CO 1176.44 556.18 306.95 223.22 151.50 30.000

11 Cua Coc reservoirDust 113.85 53.82 29.71 21.60 14.66 300SO2 22.77 10.76 5.94 4.32 2.93 350NO2 182.16 86.12 47.53 34.56 23.46 200CO 364.32 172.24 95.06 69.13 46.92 30.000

12 Chua Ong reservoirDust 341.55 161.47 89.12 64.81 43.98 300SO2 75.90 35.88 19.80 14.40 9.77 350NO2 538.89 254.76 140.60 102.25 69.40 200CO 1092.95 516.71 285.17 207.38 140.75 30.000

13 Ba Bai reservoirDust 425.04 200.94 110.90 80.65 54.73 300SO2 98.67 46.65 25.74 18.72 12.71 350NO2 683.10 322.94 178.23 129.61 87.97 200CO 1373.78 649.47 358.44 260.66 176.91 30.000

Comments: From the results of the forecast calculation, SO2 and CO emissions from earth transport vehicles during the construction stage are lower than the limits allowed in the standard. NO2 concentration and dust emission at a distance of ≤5m from the transport vehicles is higher than allowable limits at Lang Thum, Bau Lay, Khe Ray, Khe Cat, Chua Ong and Ba Bai reservoirs. At a distance of 50m, dust and emissions from vehicles from site of 13 reservoirs are lower than the limit allowed in the standard. As a result, impact of dust and exhaust emitted from earth transportation has little impact on the surrounding households due to their far distance from transportation route and and a short distance from soil borrow pits to construction sites.

The impacted level of the emissions from the earth transportation to sites is low. However, the regularly frequency of transportation actities and the around of transportation road having households should have to mitigation measures.

Dust and exhaust emitted during the transport of organic soil peeled off

The transport of organic soil is also a source of dust and exhaust generation affecting air quality. Total amount of organic soil for construction and repair of 13 reservoirs is estimated 164,896m3 equivalent with 230,854 tons which will be carried by 5 ton capacity trucks, duration of construction will need 128 rounds of truck per day. Based on the dust and exhaust release coefficient of transport vehicle used petrolimex by WHO (1993), the results of calculation of dust and emission concentration are shown in Table 5.8.

Table 5.8: Dust and exhaust emission volume by organic soil transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject

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No Reservoir Emission volume (mg/s)Dust SO2 NO2 CO

1 Khe Chao 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.102 Khe Dang 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.093 Dong Man 0.13 0.03 0.21 0.414 Vat Phu 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.025 Lang Thum 0.37 0.09 0.60 1.206 Bau Lay 0.29 0.07 0.46 0.937 Chin Suoi 1.99 0.46 3.19 6.438 Chong Chenh 0.14 0.03 0.23 0.459 Khe Cat 0.43 0.10 0.68 1.3810 Khe Ray 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.1611 Cua Coc 0.46 0.10 0.73 1.4712 Chua Ong 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.1113 Ba Bai 0.12 0.03 0.19 0.39


Table 5.9. Dust and exhaust emission concentration by organic land transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject


(µg/m3)QCVN



Dust 24.3 11.49 6.34 4.61 3.13 300SO2 5.6 2.65 1.46 1.06 0.72 350NO2 38.89 18.38 10.15 7.38 5.01 200CO 78.31 37.02 20.43 14.86 10.08 30.000

2 Khe Dang reservoirDust 21.71 10.26 5.66 4.12 2.8 300SO2 5.01 2.37 1.31 0.95 0.64 350NO2 34.74 16.42 9.06 6.59 4.47 200CO 69.96 33.07 18.25 13.27 9.01 30.000

3 Dong Man reservoirDust 97.4 46.05 25.41 18.48 12.54 300SO2 22.46 10.62 5.86 4.26 2.89 350NO2 155 73.68 40.66 29.57 20.07 200CO 313 148 81.89 59.55 40.42 30.000

4 Vat Phu reservoirDust 5.01 2.37 1.31 0.95 0.65 300SO2 1.16 0.55 0.3 0.22 0.15 350NO2 8.02 3.79 2.09 1.52 1.03 200

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CO 16.14 7.63 4.21 3.06 2.08 30.0005 Lang Thum reservoir

Dust 283 133 73.92 53.76 36.48 300SO2 65.32 30.88 17.04 12.39 8.41 350NO2 453 214 118 86.01 58.38 200CO 912 431 238 173 117 30.000

6 Bau Lay reservoirDust 218 103 57.03 41.47 28.15 300SO2 50.4 23.83 13.15 9.56 6.49 350NO2 349 165 91.25 66.36 45.04 200CO 704 332 183 133 90.7 30.000

7 Chin Suoi reservoirDust 1,514 715 395 287 194 300SO2 349 165 91.09 66.24 44.96 350NO2 2,422 1,145 632 459 311 200CO 4,878 2,306 1,273 925 628 30.000

8 Chong Chenh reservoirDust 106 50.52 27.88 20.27 13.76 300SO2 24.64 11.65 6.43 4.67 3.17 350NO2 170 80.82 44.61 32.44 22.02 200CO 344 162 89.83 65.33 44.34 30.000

9 Khe Cat reservoirDust 324 153 84.7 61.6 41.81 300SO2 74.85 35.38 19.53 14.2 9.64 350NO2 519 245 135 98.56 66.89 200CO 1,046 494 272 198 134 30.000

10 Khe Ray reservoirDust 36.65 17.32 9.56 6.95 4.72 300SO2 8.45 3.99 2.2 1.6 1.09 350NO2 58.63 27.72 15.3 11.13 7.55 200CO 118 55.82 30.81 22.4 15.21 30.000

11 Cua Coc reservoirDust 345 163 90.13 65.55 44.49 300SO2 79.65 37.65 20.78 15.11 10.26 350NO2 552 261 144 104 71.18 200CO 1,113 526 290 211 143 30.000

12 Chua Ong reservoirDust 25.27 11.95 6.59 4.8 3.25 300SO2 5.83 2.75 1.52 1.11 0.75 350NO2 40.44 19.12 10.55 7.67 5.21 200CO 81.43 38.5 21.25 15.45 10.49 30.000

13 Ba Bai reservoir

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Dust 92.47 43.71 24.13 17.54 11.91 300SO2 21.32 10.08 5.56 4.05 2.75 350NO2 147 69.94 38.6 28.07 19.05 200CO 297 140 77.74 56.53 38.37 30.000

Comments: From the results of the forecast calculation, SO2 and CO emissions from the earth transport vehicles of the reservoirs to the dumps are lower than the limits allowed in the standard, the concentration of NO2 and dust generated by transport vehicles at a distance of ≤10 m are often higher than permitted standards at Lang Thum, Bau Lay, Chin Suoi, Khe Cat and Cua Coc reservoirs. At a distance of 50m, dust and gas emitted from vehicles are lower than the limit allowed in the standard. As a result, the impact of dust and emissions from the transport of earhen waste to waste disposal sites has little impact on the surrounding households, due to the short distance of transportation and the few households living around.

The impacted level of the emissions from the organic land transportation to landfill is low. However, the regularly frequency of transportation actities should have to mitigation measures.

Dust and gas emitted during the transport of materials to the construction sites: The transport of materials is also a source of dust and exhaust generation affecting air quality. Total amount of materials (including earth and other materials) for construction and repair of 13 reservoirs is estimated 67,658 tons which will be carried by 5 ton capacity trucks, duration of construction is about 12 months each reservoir, such when repairing one reservoir, it will need 27 rounds of truck per day. Based on the dust and exhaust release coefficient of transport vehicle used petrolimex by WHO (1993), the results of calculation of dust and emission concentration are shown in Table 5.10.

Table 5.10: Dust and exhaust emission volume by materials transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject

No Reservoir Emission volume (mg/s)Dust SO2 NO2 CO

1 Khe Chao 1.1 0.25 1.76 3.542 Khe Dang 0.98 0.23 1.57 3.163 Dong Man 0.14 0.03 0.23 0.454 Vat Phu 0.33 0.08 0.53 1.085 Lang Thum 0.97 0.22 1.55 3.126 Bau Lay 1.33 0.31 2.13 4.37 Chin Suoi 2.29 0.53 3.66 7.378 Chong Chenh 0.11 0.03 0.18 0.359 Khe Cat 1.06 0.24 1.69 3.4110 Khe Ray 0.28 0.07 0.45 0.9111 Cua Coc 1.16 0.27 1.85 3.7312 Chua Ong 1.19 0.27 1.91 3.8413 Ba Bai 1.19 0.27 1.91 3.84


Table 5.11. Dust and exhaust emission concentration by material transport vehicles of 13 reservoirs under the subproject

135


(µg/m3)QCVN



Dust 834 394 217 158 107 300SO2 192 90.96 50.2 36.51 24.78 350NO2 1.335 631 348 253 171 200CO 2.688 1271 701 510 346 30.000

2 Khe Dang reservoirDust 745 352 194 141 95.98 300SO2 171 81.24 44.83 32.6 22.13 350NO2 1.192 563 311 226 153 200CO 2.401 1.135 626 455 309 30.000

3 Dong Man reservoirDust 107 50.65 27.95 20.33 13.8 300SO2 24.7 11.68 6.44 4.69 3.18 350NO2 171 81.03 44.72 32.52 22.07 200CO 345 163 90.07 65.5 44.45 30.000

4 Vat Phu reservoirDust 253 119 66.16 48.11 32.65 300SO2 58.46 27.64 15.25 11.09 7.53 350NO2 405 191 105 76.98 52.24 200CO 817 386 213 155 105 30.000

5 Lang Thum reservoirDust 734 347 191 139 94.6 300SO2 169 80.07 44.19 32.14 21.81 350NO2 1.175 555 306 223 151 200CO 2.367 1.119 617 449 304 30.000

6 Bau Lay reservoirDust 1.011 478 264 191 130 300SO2 233 110 60.87 44.26 30.04 350NO2 1.618 765 422 307 208 200CO 3.26 1.541 850 618 419 30.000

7 Chin Suoi reservoirDust 1.736 820 453 329 223 300SO2 400 189 104 75.95 51.55 350NO2 2.777 1313 724 527 357 200CO 5.594 2.644 1.459 1.061 720 30.000

8 Chong Chenh reservoirDust 83.43 39.44 21.77 15.83 10.74 300SO2 19.24 9.09 5.02 3.65 2.48 350

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NO2 133 63.11 34.83 25.33 17.19 200CO 268 127 70.14 51.01 34.62 30.000

9 Khe Cat reservoirDust 802 379 209 152 103 300SO2 184 87.43 48.25 35.09 23.81 350NO2 1.283 606 334 243 165 200CO 2.584 1.221 674 490 332 30.000

10 Khe Ray reservoirDust 214 101 55.9 40.65 27.59 300SO2 49.4 23.35 12.89 9.37 6.36 350NO2 342 162 89.45 65.05 44.15 200CO 690 326 180 130 88.91 30.000

11 Cua Coc reservoirDust 879 415 229 166 113 300SO2 202 95.84 52.89 38.47 26.11 350NO2 1.406 665 367 266 181 200CO 2.833 1.339 739 537 364 30.000

12 Chua Ong reservoirDust 905 427 236 171 116 300SO2 208 98.66 54.45 39.6 26.87 350NO2 1.448 684 377 274 186 200CO 2.916 1.378 760 553 375 30.000

13 Ba Bai reservoirDust 903 427 235 171 116 300SO2 208 98.5 54.36 39.53 26.83 350NO2 1.445 683 377 274 186 200CO 2.911 1.376 759 552 374 30.000

Comments: Result of calculation shows that SO2 and NO2 emissions from the material transport vehicles are lower than the limits allowed in the standard, the NO2 and dust concentrations in the exhaust gas released by transport vehicles at a distance of ≤10 m is higher than the permitted standard at Khe Chao, Khe Dang, Vat Phu, Lang Thum, Bau Lay, Chin Suoi, Khe Cat, Cua Coc, Chua Ong and Ba Bai reservoirs. At a distance of 50m, dust and gas emitted by vehicles are lower than the limits allowed in the standard. The transportation of raw materials to the Subproject can affect the households living on both sides of the road because the materials are purchased in the town center of the 4 districts of the Subproject with residents living along the transport roads.

The impacted level of the dust and emissions from the material transport vehicles to sites is average. However, the regularly frequency of transportation actities and the around of transportation road having households should have to mitigation measures.

Hazadous waste, wastewater and domestic waste affect water and soil environment

Hazadous waste: Hazadous waste during the construction stage generated by the machine and equipment maintainance. Normal norm of waste oil discharge from truck is 4 times per year and 18 litre per time per truck, as such for 12 months of construction stage and number

137

of 4 trucks each reservoir, total hazadous matter released from machnie maintenance of the whole Sub-project is 3,740 litres of waste lubricant, in average in each reservoir, the machnie maintenance will discharge 288 litre waste lubricant. This waste lubricant if not collected and treated properly will affect severely receiving areas due to their toxicity.

The impacted level of hazardous waste at the construction site of the subproject is low and having mitigation measure.

Domestic wastewater: During the construction, at the peak time, it is estimated about 70 workers work at the one reservoir site and normally there will have 50 workers on the site. Therefore, total domestic wastewater is estimated at 18,890 m3 for total 13 reservoirs (12 months of construction), in average during the construction stage, domestic wastewater released is 1460m3 at resevoir site, equivalent to 4.0 m3 per day-per reservoir.

Domestic wastewater is characterized by containing high concentration of detergents, Coliform, BOD5, suspended solids, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P)... Of these, approximately 58% and 42% is organic substances and inorganic substances, respectively.

Concentration of pollutants in wastewater is calculated by the following formula:

In which:

C: Concentration of pollutants, (mg/l)

C0: Pollutant load, (g/day.night)

Q: Wastewater discharge, (cmd)

According to pollutant emission factors of the World Health Organization (WHO), in developing countries the contaminant load of a person generated in a day is as follows:

Table 5.12. Pollutant load and concentration in domestic wastewater of 50

workers/day/reservoir

No. Parameter

Emission coefficient (*)(g/person/day)

mg/l

Pollutant load

(g/day)

Concentration(mg/l)

QCVN 14:2008Column

B1 BOD5 45-54 2,250-2,700 526.5-675 502 Oil and grease 10.0-30.0 500-1,500 125-375 20

3 Suspended solids 70-145 3,500-7,250 875-1812.5 100

4 Total Nitrogen 6.0-12 3,00-600 75-150 505 Ammonium 2.4-4.8 120-240 30-60 10

5 Total Phosphorous 0.8-4 40-200 50-10.0 10

6Total Coliform(MNP/100ml)

10^6-10^9 5*107 -5*1010 1,25*107-1,25*1010 5,000

(*) Source: World Health Organization (WHO)

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The calculated results show that the concentration of pollutants in the domestic wastewater of construction worker in one reservoir is many times higher than the permissible limit in column B of QCVN14: 2008/BTNMT on domestic wastewater.

Thus, with average daily wastewater volume of 4m3/day/reservoir and total domestic wastewater in construction phase of 13 reservoirs in the Subproject is 18,890m3 (for 12 months). If this wastewater is not collected and treated propoerly, it will be stagnant, causing bad smell, bad appearance, risking the safety of people around. Stagnant wastewater also facilitates the development of pathogenic microbes that affect the health of workers and the community. Some diseases related to waterways such as cholera, dysentery, typhoid, mosquitoes develop in stagnant water area causing dengue fever.

The impacted level of domestic wastewater in the construction area of the Sub-project is low and having mitigation measures.

Domestic solid waste: Domestic solid waste generated from the daily living activities of workers during the construction stage of 12 months in 13 reservoirs is estimated at 71.18 tons, of which average solid waste generated at one reservoir site is 5.48 ton/reservoir and 15kg/day/reservoir. Main component of this waste is organic matter (residue food), inorganic matter (plastic and nilon bags, paper, etc.). If not properly stored and collected, transported in time, the waste will pollute the smell, garbage will attract rats and other pathogens; Leaks will cause soil and water pollution.

The impacted level of domestic solid waste in the construction area of the Sub-project is low and having mitigation measures.

Wastes generated from construction activities: Wastes generated from construction activities of 13 reservoirs under sub-project include: containers and packaging materials and unused/redundant construction materials such as sand, rock, cement, concrete spillage, damaged concrete structures etc. The amount of construction waste generated depends on materials management practice, the skill of the workers, and the measures applied to collect, reuse and/or recycling practices. However, in practice, the amount of waste generated will be less as some materials can be reused or recycled. For example, cement bags, iron and steel scraps can be sold to recycling dealers which are available in local business. The remaining waste could be transported and treatment according to regulations.

The impacted level of wastes generated from construction activities in the construction area of the Sub-project is low and having mitigation measures.

Impacts on environment and landscape at the camps, earthen quarries and landfill sites

The gathering of construction equipment and formation of store sites, camps at the project area will alter landscape of this area. However, this alternation is not significant because it is just temporary for 12 month duration per reservoir. When the project is completed, all construction mediums will be moved out of the project site and giving back the original state of the area.

The earthen exploitation activity for repairing of dam and reservoirs will change landscape of earthen quarries caused by the clearance of vegetation cover and earthen exploitation.

The landfill site contain mainly organic soil layer taken from dam top. Therefore, environment at the landfill site will not be affected much. Besides, this organic soil taken from dam top can be re-used for the quarry exploitation site for growing trees.

Impacts on environment and landscape in construction phase are average level and having mitigation measure.

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b. Social impacts

Impacts on water supply for production

The repairing and consolidating dam slope and repairing sluices at 13 reservoirs may affect regulation of water from reservoir to supply production. Irrigated area of 13 reservoirs is 3,032.5 ha, and in addition, Khe Dang reservoir also provides water for An Chau town. As such, the implementation following due schedule and selection of time when water demand is at minimum level will help reduce negative impacts on water users/objects. If this issue is not properly addressed, it may reduce crop productivity. In addition, disruption of water supply at the reservoirs of the subproject also has the potential for conflicts between households because of uneven water supply (water supply areas, without water supply areas). Especially, Khe Dang reservoir also supplies water for residents in An Chau town, so construction activities can affect the water supply as well as the quality of water supplied for daily life.

The impacted level of water supply for production in the construction area is high and it should have mitigation measures.

Impacts on traffic jam, Infrastructure and people nearby the route of material transport

The route of material transport from sources to construction sites has many sections going through resident areas which are concretized under the new rural development program. Only section of reservoir management road is made of earth. The frequent and continuous traffic of transporting filled earthen material to the construction sites of 128 rounds/day, transporting earth excavated to landfill sites of 79 rounds/day and transporting material to construction sites with 27 rounds a day can cause damage to the roads at localities. Besides, dust and gas generated from the transport process will affect local residents living along transport route, especially at Khe Cat reservoir there is one pagoda on the route, the vehicles must obey safety measure requirement and environment protection during the material transportation. The transport of materials with high frequency may also cause traffic congestion at some areas because roads to 13 reservoirs have small width of only 4m.

Table 5.13: The affected roads from transporting activities of the subproject

No. Reservoir name

The road for transporting construction materials

The road for transporting soil materials

Features Impact assessment Features Impact

assessment

1 Khe Chao

National Highway No. 279 to the construction area, along the road, there are some households living next to the road

- Affecting the quality of road routes, local residents living on both sides of the roads.- Increasing the traffic density, causing traffic congestion.

Rural road is 900 m long from the Tau village to the construction area.

- Affecting the quality of roads.- Low affecting the local traffic activities, because of less local people traveling on this road.

2 Khe Dang National Highway No. 31 to the construction area, along the

- Affecting the quality of road routes, local residents living on both sides of

Rural road is 300 m long from the Dang village to the construction

- Affecting the quality of roads.- Low affecting the local traffic activities, because

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road, there are some households living next to the road

the road routes.- Increasing the traffic density, causing traffic congestion

area. of less local people traveling on this road

3 Dong Man


- Affecting the quality of road routes, local residents living on both sides of the roads.- Increasing the traffic density, causing traffic congestion

Rural road route to the construction area is 1000 m long.

- Affecting the quality of roads.- Affecting the local traffic activities of local people

4 Vat Phu



Rural road route to the construction area is 1,000 m long.

- Affecting the quality of roads.- Affecting the local traffic activities of local people.

5 Lang Thum

The road route for transporting raw materials from Trai village, Phuong Son commune, Luc Ngan district to the construction area, along the road, there does not have any households living next to the road route far 5 km from the reservoir.




6 Bau Lay

Inter-district road route, 5 km far from the reservoir of the Sub-project, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.


Rural road route is 300 m long from the Min village to the construction area.

- Affecting the quality of road routes.- Low affecting the local traffic activities, because of less local people traveling on this road.

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7 Chin Suoi

The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 9 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.


Rural road route is 100 m long from the Trai Moi village to the construction area.


8 Chong Chenh

The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 8 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.


Rural road route is 900 m long from the Thai Ha village to the construction area.

- Affecting the quality of roads.- Affecting the local traffic activities of local people.

9 Khe Cat

The road route for transporting raw materials to the construction area is 8 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road route.


Rural road route is 300 m long from the Diem Ren village to the construction area.

- Low affecting the local traffic activities, because of less local people traveling on this road.

10 Khe Ray

The road route for transporting raw materials from the Provincial Road No. 293 to the construction area is 3 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.




11 Cua Coc The road route - Affecting the Rural road route - Affecting the

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for transporting raw materials from the Doi Ngo town to the construction area is 13 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.

quality of road routes, local residents living on both sides of the roads.- Increasing the traffic density, causing traffic congestion.

to the construction area is 150 m long.

quality of road routes.- Low affecting the local traffic activities, because of less local people traveling on this road.

12 Chua Ong

The road route for transporting raw materials from the National Highway No. 31 to the construction area is 7 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.




13 Ba Bai

The road route for transporting raw materials from the Provincial Road No. 295 to the construction area is 6 km long, along the road, there are some households living next to the road.




Impacts on traffic jam, Infrastructure and people nearby the route of material transport are average and having mitigation measure.

Impacts on health and safety of laborers

Impact on workers' health due to noise: Concentrating on construction machines at the construction site will cause dust, exhaust and noise. The ability to spread noise from construction equipment to the surrounding area is calculated by the following formula:

Lp = Lp(X0) + 20log10(X0/X)

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Of which:

Lp: Noise level at source (l5m)

X0=15m

Lp(X): Noise level at the location to be calculated (dBA)

X: Distance of calculated location (m)

From the above formula, the result of calculating the noise level in the ambient air environment shows that the noise generated by the machines and means affects the maximum in the range of 50m and 100m, the noise level in the distance of 150m or farther is within permissible level of the Vietnam national procedures QCVN 26: 2010 / BTNMT (Table 5.14).

Table 5.14: Maximum Noise Levels from Means of Motor Vehicles and

Construction Equipment (dBA)

No Equipment/vehiclesNoise level at distance of 15 m from source

(*)15m (*) 50m 100m 150m

1 Excavator 0,4 m3 – 1,25 m3 81 71 65 612 Bulldozer 110 CV 84 74 68 643 Steam dress 8-10T 86 76 70 664 Dump truck 2,5 tons – 5 tons 83 73 67 635 Dress toad Mikasa 87 77 71 676 Dredger 1kw 91 81 75 717 Dredger 1,5kw 87 77 71 678 Electronic machine 30-50KVA 84 74 68 649 Pump machine 79 69 63 5910 Levelling instrument 87 77 71 6711 Concrete mixer 500L 86 76 70 6612 Concrete mixer 250L-350L 83 73 67 6313 Grout mixer 80 litters 86 76 70 6614 water tank truck 2,5m3 82 72 66 62

QCVN 24/2016/BYT 85 dBAQCVN 26:2010/BTNMT 70 dBA (6 am-21 pm); 55 dBA (21 pm-6 am)

Source: Mackernize, 1985

Based on the results of calculating the impact of noise from the machines, equipment and means, the noise generated during exploiting earthen quarries for damming is mainly due to the operation of the excavator machine. The survey of earthen quarries Lang Thum, Khe Cat, Khe Ray, Cua Coc, Chua Ong and Ba Bai reservoirs show that those reservoirs are all far from residential areas. Therefore, the noise will affect only workers, not surrounding households.The consolidating of dam surface and repairing of spillways and sluices (outlet sluice) of 13 reservoirs under the Subproject will cause noise from the operation of compactors and concrete mixers. The noise from the construction works in Lang Thum, Khe Chao, Cua Coc, Ba Bai, Chua Ong, Khe Ray, Vat Phu reservoirs will not affect the households due to the distance from the construction site. However, noise can affect some households living near Chin Suoi, Bay Lay and Dong Man reservoirs. Although, the impact of noise on households is small, as households live 200-500m from the construction site.

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Figure 5.9. Households live near Khe Chao reservoir - about 400m from the dam

Figure 5.10. Households live near Chin Suoi reservoir - about 300m from the dam

Figure 5.11. Households live near Bay Lay reservoir - about 200m from the dam

Figure 5.12. Households live near Dong Man reservoir - about 500m from the

damThe noise from the bulldozers and concrete mixers in the construction of management roads in the 13 reservoirs of the sub-project affects directly the laborers and does not affect the households due to they live in a distance far from construction area.

Affecting the health of the workers and the surrounding population due to disease: Workers gathered in large number during the construction period, average 50 people, peak of 70 people from many places gathered in construction site will create a risk of outbreaks and spread of diseases such as fever and other intestinal diseases (diarrhea, dysentery, etc.) spread not only among workers and but also spread the risk to the surrounding population.Increase social evils and threaten social security.

Affecting the health of the workers at sites are average level and having mitigation measure.

Increase social evils and threaten social security

When implementing the Sub-project, density of people, mostly workers in the Sub-project area will increase. If this issue is not well managed in terms of temporary immigration registration concrete regulation of living and working regime for workers it may cause the increase in social evils such as prostitution, gambling, robber and thieves, fighting, etc. These evils will cause the disorder and insecurity of society and then affect lives of local people. Therefore, the project owner must cooperate closely with commune police force in 1 communes to register temporary immigration for workers and communicate the good living style for workers to avoid regretted cases that may happen.

In many cases, conflict between workers and local people may happen, due to local people at the project area mainly is ethnic minority, they are mild and gentle and well connected,

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therefore, the gathering of 70 workers in he long term period may create conflict caused by the difference in living style and income.

Increase social evils and threaten social security in construction phase are average level and having mitigation measures.

Affect the culture, customs and habits of local people

The sub-project area has Tay ethnic minority households, with the cultural characteristics of the Tay people living together according to the lineage of the clan. Construction workers on the site come from different places, belong to different ethnic groups, have different cultures, customs and habits, so in the communes of the Subproject area will occur the mixing, interference between cultures and may lose the identity of the ethnic minority culture.

Affect the culture, customs and habits of local people are low level and having mitigation measures.

5.6.2.2.2. Specific impacts of 13 reservoirs of the Subproject

In addition to the general impacts, the process of repairing reservoirs also has specific impacts on the environmental and social issue such as: The construction of Khe Dang reservoir can cause disruption of the water supply; the construction of Cua Coc and Khe Ray reservoir can affect poultry production activities of households; the construction of Khe Dang and Lang Thum reservoir can affect the business activities of ecotourism services; the construction of Khe Cat, Ba Ba and Chong Chenh reservoir can cause psychological urgent among the people by not ensured source of irrigation water; the construction of Bo Lau and Chua Ong reservoir can disturb the lives of households living close to the reservoir. However, the level of the impacts are not high and having mitigated measures. The details specific impacts of 13 reservoirs are described in the table below:

Table 5.15: Specific impacts of the reservoirs in the Sub-project

No. Reservoir Description Specific impacts Level of impacts

1 Khe Dang

- Domestic water supply:Khe Dang reservoir serviced domestic water supply to the households in An Chau town, Son Dong district.

- Domestic water supply:+ The domestic water supply for about 620 households living in the An Chau town can be interrupted.+ The water quality can also be affected due to the construction activities for the work repair and maintenance.

Level of impacts is moderate, the measures to minimize have implemented.

2 Cua Coc In the reservoir area, there is the duck farming activity was contracted by the local households.

- The duck farming activities of 01 household can be disrupted.- The household income from duck farming activity can be reduced.

Level of impacts is low, the measures to minimize have implemented.

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3 Khe Cat

There is the Khe Cat Temple located on the material transport road at a distance of 700m to the reservoir.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the Temple.- The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the Temple.


4 Lang Thum

There is aqualculture farming activity in the reservoir area was contracted by the local households in order to salvage the reservoir water surface. Besides, the local contractors also provide the relaxing fishing business services in the reservoir.

- Affecting to the aquaculture catch activities. - The income of the households from the relaxing fishing business services have reduced.


5 Khe Chao

- Tourism service activities: There are some business ecotourism services in the reservoir area was contracted by the local households with activities including the relaxing ramble around the reservoir by using the boats and the relaxing fishing services.

- Festival activities: On September 1st of every year, the locality have organized the boat racing activity in the reservoir area.

- Tourism service activities:The reservoir repair and maintenance activities can disrupt the business ecotourism services reducing the income of the business households. - Festival activities: The reservoir repair and maintenance activities can disrupt the boat racing festival activities in the reservoir area.


6 Khe Ray In the reservoir area, there is the - The livestock activities Level of 147

duck farming activity was contracted by the local households.

of the households can be disrupted.- The income of the households from the duck farming activity was reduced.

impacts is low, the measures to minimize have implemented.

7 Bau Lay

The road route for transporting materials to the reservoir goes through the Dai Mien pagoda located in the Min To village (far 60m from the road).

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the pagoda.- The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the pagoda.


8 Vat Phu


It can lead to the conflicts between the households having the tombs next to the dam and the workers who are working on the construction site, if the construction process will leave the construction materials or dispose the unusable material to the area next to the tombs.


9 Dong Man

There are some households living next to the road route nearing to the reservoir area including some houses of the local people without fences and near to the roadside.

- Obstructing the traffic activities of some households.- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding and cause the household dust to surrounding households. - The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the lives of the households.


10 Chin Suoi There are some households living next to the Chin Suoi reservoir. They contract to fish breeding, and

- The livestock activities of the households can be disrupted.

Level of impacts is low, the measures to

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to duck and swan breeding.

- The income of the households from the duck and geese farming activity was reduced.

minimize have implemented.

11 Ba Bai


The local people have urgent psychological symptoms, then it can lead to the conflicts between the local people and the officials and workers who are working on the construction site in the case of reservoir water depletion during the construction process causing the water shortage for their agricultural production.


12 Chua Ong

The areas nearing to the reservoir have some households living in the downstream of the dam, along the reservoir management road route.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding and cause the household dust to surrounding households. - The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the lives of the households.

Level of impacts is moderate the measures to minimize have implemented.

13 Chong Chenh

The road route for transporting materials from the town to the reservoir goes through the Hoang Hoa pagoda, Dong Vuong village. The pagoda gate is far 30m from the road.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the pagoda. - The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the pagoda.


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5.6.4. Potential impacts during the operation phase


When the Sub-project is completed, the main activities that can cause potential environmental and social impacts include: (i) Operation and management of the reservoir; (ii) Living activities of operation managers and workers; (iii) Repairing and maintaining of dams, sluices and spillways. The operation process of the reservoirs will ensure sufficient water for irrigation, but will not alter the crop structure, or increase the use of fertilizer.

5.6.4.2. Environmental and social impact assessment during the operation phase

Domestic wastewater and solid waste affect water and soil environment

The management of current 13 reservoirs under the Sub-project is given to one person per a reservoir in charge. Amount of domestic wastewater is estimated at 80lit per day and amount of solid waste is 0.3 kg per day. Amount of domestic wastewater and solid waste may increase in the rainy and storm seasons due to the increase in number of local managers and workers joining the force of storm prevention and control. It is estimated that there are about 5-7 people will stay at the reservoir management house to jointly monitor storm/flooding process, such as total amount of wastewater during the storm time is around 400 to 560 lit per day and 1.5 to 2.1 kg of solid water per day (normally about 3-4 days).

Hence, amount of domestic wastewater and solid waste during the operation stage is not huge, however, when repairing or constructing new management houses, it should include the construction of three box septic tank and waste bins.

Domestic wastewater and solid waste affect water and soil environment are low level and having mitigation measures.

Increase in reservoir sedimentation

During operation of the reservoirs, some impacts may occur such as the increase in reservoir. Through actual survey in 13 resrvoirs, those reservoirs are not dredged for a long time. During the operation stage, it resuires to have plan of dredging reservoir in regular schedule to ensure effective volume of reservoirs. The sediments at the entering gate of reservoir will block or reduce flow from upstream into reservoir, therefore, the ensuring of average discharge at the outlet sluice for irrigation is low. The sedimentation will also reduce water control volume of reservoirs therefore, the control of flood water for downstream faces challenges accordingly.

Sedimentation in reservoirs will increase content of mud, sediments, suspended organic matters resulting in the reduction of dissolved oxygen content in water. It will generate negative impacts to aquatic species at the bed layer of reservoirs.

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Increase in reservoir sedimentation is average level and having mitigation measures.

Impacts on ground water table

The fixing of penetration problem of dams will help store water better in reservoir, discharge more water into ground water at shallow layers, especially in low lying area nearby reservoirs. The increase in ground water table and soil moisture at area surrounding reservoirs will be a source to supplement water for dig and drilled wells contributing to improve water supply for domestic use and irrigation in dry season and then create favour condition for crop cultivation.

Bank erosion and water contamination in reservoirs

The Sub-project will not change water level and volume of the 13 reservoirs, therefore will not create risk of bank erosion. Chemical and physical characteristics of water in reservoir s will not change after repairing and rehabilitating.

5.6.5. Incidents and risks

5.6.5.1. The incidents and risks during the construction phase

Occupational Health and Safety for the labor.

Occupational accidents can happen during any construction phase of the Sub-project. Work-related accidents during construction process are due to:

- Lack of protection equipments for the labor;

- Electric shock and electrocution events caused by the carelessness of officials, workers or the failure to comply with the regulations on fire and explosion safety measures when using the construction machine in the unsafe conditions;

- Health status; especially for the workers who working outdoors in the hot weather (for the summer, the temperature can reach up to 390C - 400C) or landslide in deep digging areas;

- Workers who working on rivers and streams (for constructing the embankments, bridges, dams, etc.) are at risks of death by drowning due to the carelessness, the fatigue or the failure to comply with occupational safety regulations in the Sub-project area;

- Density of transportation vehicles on the construction site;

- Extreme weather conditions such as rain, storms, flash floods or inundations, or extreme hot weather conditions;

- Violation of labor discipline such as drinking alcohol, using stimulants, etc.;

- The construction of work items will mobilize the number of 30-50 workers at each construction site. Potential social issues related to workers may include: (i) the possibility of transmitting infections from workers to local communities and vice versa; (ii) the possibility of leading to social evils such as prostitution, drug abuse and gambling; (iii) the possibility of conflicts between workers and local communities due to their cultural and behavior differences; and iv) harassment of workers to the local women. The causes of occupational accidents are varied, which can happen all the time, everywhere if workers on the construction site do not comply with the safety measures as well as strictly maintain the implement of the labor discipline. When an occupational accident occurs, it threatens the health, life, property, and thus the progress and quality of the work being carried out.

Traffic accidents

Incidents, traffic accidents during the repair, construction processes of components of the Sub-project such as overloading than the overload vehicle regulation, speeding than the speed

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limit regulation, weather, terrain area, etc., self-inflicted accidents or collision with other vehicles causing accidents.

Landslide incident

The incidents of landslide, geological settlement in the construction process due to road foundation characteristic, new digging embankment is weak, unfinished reinforcement can cause subsidence, landslide, especially in the rain, storm, flood weather, etc. These incidents affect the construction participants, local people and construction equipments, vehicles traffic on the road, embankment.

Fire and explosion incident risks

In the material transportation process, the use of materials, machinery and equipments using fuels such as gasoline, petroleum, etc. The leakage of fuels often occurs during the construction process that easily leading to large risks of fire and explosion of vehicles, machinery. Power supply systems for the construction machinery, construction equipments, temporary shelters, may encounter short-circuit leading to fire and explosion, electric shock and electrocution events. Damages may be listed as death, injury, property and environmental damage to the construction site and surrounding areas. Particular attention should be paid when constructing during the rainy and stormy season.

5.6.5.2. Operation phase

Water leakage at sluice, dam body

In the process of putting the works into operation, it is possible that water leakage at the sluices or dam body will affect the quality of the construction works and at the same time, there is no guarantee of water storage volume in the reservoirs.

Disruption of water supply due to repair and maintenance activities

The repair and maintenance activities of the sluices, dam body can lead to water cutoff in a short time. This would have direct impacts on the agricultural production activities and activities of the downstream local population. And will indirectly cause effects such as their income reduced due to the disruption of cultivation time, environmental pollution and diseases due to lack of water. However, these impacts are considered as minor because of the new repair work, and the repair and maintenance activities are only occurred in a short time.

Risks of emergency flooding discharge and breakage of the dam

During the flooding events, the emergency flooding discharge may affect downstream communities if without prior notice, which may have direct impacts on downstream area as inundations, damage to property, crops and deaths and lead to indirect impacts such as environmental pollution, outbreaks of diseases and loss of income.

During the management and operation phases of 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project, despite the improvement of dam safety, before the current situation of climate change, it is necessary to regularly monitor the dam safety in order to take timely mitigation measures responding to the occurring problems that ensuring the safety of downstream areas.

Risk of falling into reservoirs, drowning

Some households live near the area of some reservoirs (such as: Chua Ong, Dong Man and Lang Thum reservoir). The reservoir can be a washing place for some households. Therefore, the risk of drowning is always hidden without preventive measures.

Summary:

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a. Positive impacts

The Sub-project of dam rehabilitation and safety improvement of 13 reservoirs in Bac Giang provicne will have positive and negative environmental and social impacts. The screening of environemntal and social environment impacts shows that negative impacts mainly occur during the preparation and construction stages at the scale of construction sites. Those negative impacts are just in short term within some months during construction. Meanwhile, positive impacts of the Sub-project is substantial mainly in the operation stage, e.g. Contribute to ensure safety of lives and assets of local inhabitants in downstream of 13 reservoirs; ensure stable and reliable water supply for 3,032.5 ha of cultivated area in 15 benefited communes and domestic water supply for 1 town; Create favor condition to push up agricultural production development, stablize and enahcne income for local community, especially ethnic minorities.

a. Negative impacts

- Cumulative impacts

The Sub-project is implemented on a wide space scale located in 13 communes of 4 districts in Bac Giang province with small technical scale (mainly are the repairing items), with short construction time, and at the time of construction activities, there are not any big projects have been implemented in the areas of 13 reservoirs so the Sub-project does not likely to cause cumulative impacts.

- Direct impacts

The repairing activities of 13 reservoirs can cause direct impacts on the natural and social environment in the Sub-project area. The activities of land clearance, works repairing at the headworks will directly affect the quality of surrounding environment including air, soil and water quality due to the generation of waste such as exhaust emission and waste matter. At the same time, the repairing activities of reservoir sluices can cause the water supply disruptions that directly affecting the production activities of the local people. The increase in transportation means of raw materials and waste will also affect the normal traffic of the local people.

- Indirect impacts

The repairing activities of 13 reservoirs can cause indirect impacts on the natural and social environment of the Sub-project area. The activities of reinforcing the dam roofs and repairing the water delivery sluices without any mitigation measures will pollute the water source that leading to the decrease of the reservoir ecosystem quality. At the same time, the reservoir vegetation clearance will deprive the natural habitat of some animals and microorganisms that resulting in a decline in the numbers of the animals and microorganisms. In addition, land acquisition activities for repairing 13 reservoirs can reduce the income, affect the livelihood of the local people. Besides, the concentration of the construction labor can lead to the disturbance to the life and security situation of the locality.

- Temporary impacts

The repairing activities of 13 reservoirs in Bac Giang province are implemented in small technical scale, wide space scale, and short construction time so the impacts on the natural environment including dust, exhaust emission, construction and domestic waste, noise, water supply disruptions activities are only temporary. These impacts are mainly occurring during the construction phase, when the Sub-project has been completed, these impacts will no longer exist.

- Long-term impacts

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The main long-term impacts of the Sub-project are mainly from the activities of the permanent land acquisition of the local people. The production land acquisition activities will affect the income and livelihood of some households in the Sub-project area. In addition, if during the construction process, some environmental problems (such as oil spill accidents flowing into the warehouse area or into the reservoir area or into the canal area) will cause the long-term impacts on the environment and human health, because these chemicals have a long half-life, they are able to infiltrate into the soil and water environment and enter into the food chain. The risks of occupational accidents will also be addressed with long-term effects when workers’ health is diminished or lost. Results of the impact determination and the impact level assessment of Sub-projects are presented in Table 5.16 below:

Table 5.16. Identifying and assessing the negative impacts of the Sub-project

No. Impact/ Waste

Description of the negative impacts

Target/ Impact area

Level of impacts

Impact timing

I Preparation phasea. Impact on natural environment1

Dust arising from the land clearance activities

The demolition areas during the land clearance of the Sub-project have estimated only about 625 m2, the demolition activities of the management house have only occurred during the short time of only about 1 week.

Air environment Low Short time

2

Solid waste, wastewater and domestic garbage

- The demolition activities of 05 houses at the reservoirs of Lang Thum, Chong Chenh, Khe Ray, Khe Dang and Khe Chao will generate the construction solid waste (brick, mortar, concrete, wood, etc.).- The vegetation clearance activities should be conducted at the reservoirs of Cua Coc and Bau Lay.- Amount of wastewater generated: 0.48 m3/day.- Amount of domestic garbage generated: 1.8 kg/day.

Water environment

and soil environment

Low Short time

Vegetational cover clearing

- Food for some types of cattle.- The habitat areas of some wildlife species (snakes, mice, bees, birds, etc.).

Ecosystem and

biodiversityLow Short time

b. Impact on social environment

Land recovery

- The cultivation areas have been narrowed affecting to the income and the labor division of the households. The land area to be recovered in the Sub-project area was 1.71 ha and with 105 households to be affected.

Life and production of

the local people

Moderate Short time

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Explosive material

- Causing a risk to the safety and life of the workers due to explosive materials left over during the previous past wars.

Safety and life of the workers

Low Short time

Public order and security in localities

- The concentration of officials and workers coming to work and living in the Sub-project area will cause a risk of social evils and causing disorder and insecurity in 13 localities of the construction works (such as gambling, theft, etc.)

Life of the local people Low Short time

II Construction phasea. Impact on natural environment

Dust and emissions into the air environment arising from the mining activities and the material transporting

- Average amount of dust emissions into the air environment at a mine generated: 0.4 kg/day, equivalent to 13.97 mg/s.- Dust arising from the material transportation was mainly SO2, NO2, dust, and CO.

Air environment Moderate Short time

Hazardous waste, wastewater and domestic garbage, construction waste.

- Hazardous waste generated during the construction time of the sub-project works arose from the maintenance activities of the means of transport with an average of 288 liters of waste oil.- There was about 4 m3 of domestic wastewater per day per reservoir containing high concentrations of detergents, coliform, BOD5, suspended solids, Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), etc. Of which, about 58% was organic matter and 42% was inorganic matter.- Amount of domestic solid waste and garbage was about 15kg per day per reservoir (inorganic and organic matter).- The construction waste arising from the repair activities of the headwork clusters of 13 reservoirs of the Sub-project (cement packaging, material surplus, old and damaged building components, etc.)

- Water and soil environment- Human health

Low Short time

b. Impact on social environmentConstruction of work items

- Influencing to the water regulating activities serving for daily life and production.


the local

Low Short time

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people

Transportation of building materials

- Damaging to the roads due to high transportation frequency.- High traffic density causing traffic congestion.

Infrastructure and

householdsLow Short time

Noise, disease

- The operation of machinery will be generated noise, dust and other pollution.- The high concentration of labor force may cause the risks of infectious disease outbreaking and spreading including social diseases, dengue fever, diarrhea, etc., in addition to labor concentration may also cause the situation of social disorder and insecurity.

Labor health and safety Moderate Short time

Customs, habits, order and security in the localities

- The high concentration of people having their different customs, beliefs and cultures may cause the risks of cultural homogenization, losing their inherent identity in the sub-project area.

Customs and habits of the local people living in the Sub-project

Low Short time

III Operation phasea. Impact on natural environment

Wastewater and domestic garbage

- Each person permanent managing the reservoir is estimated to eliminate about 80 liters of wastewater per day and 0.3 kilograms of solid waste per day. And these amounts of waste will be increased a lot during the time of storms due to the increase in the number of people on storm duty up to 5-7 people.

Water and soil

environmentLow Short time

Accumulation of sediment in reservoirs

- Increasing the density of sediment, suspended organic matter in the reservoirs causing to the decrease of water quality.

For the reservoir area and aquatic life in the reservoir bottom

Moderate Long time

Underground water level surrounding 13 reservoirs

- Increasing the underground water level surrounding the reservoirs - After finishing of upgrading, repairing, the landslide situation will be stop and the reservoir water quality will also not be changed.

Underground water level,

reservoir water quality

Moderate Long time

b. Impact on social environmentWater leakage at offtake sluice, dam body

The offtake sluice can be faced the water leakage and the dam body will be infiltrated and faced the termites after a period of using.

Quality of works Low Short time

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The water supply was interrupted due to repair and maintenance work activities

The treatment activities for the water leaked offtake sluices and the termited and infiltrated dam body after a period of using. Production

activities Low Short time

Risk of emergency flood discharge and dam breakage

During flood period, there may require the emergency flood discharge, or face the risk of the dam breakage.


the local people

low Long time

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CHAPTER 6: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

With the aim of improving the investment efficiency and ensuring the safety and minimizing the negative impacts on the environment and society in downstream areas of the reservoirs; the scenarios are proposed to select the suitable designs and construction methods corresponding to the objectives and actual socio-economic conditions in 13 reservoirs. The main construction activities are solidification and repairing works based on the existing facilities, because the design options, the selection of technical and technological solutions in the construction of facilities of the Sub-project are not any difference in environmental and social impacts in the implementation area, so the analysis of the alternative measure is focused on the differences related to the environment and society in the scenarios of the project implementation and not implementation; the options for selecting the optimal construction solutions.

6.1. The analysis of socio-economic conditions, natural and environmental conditions in

the Sub-project implementation options

Without Subproject The Subproject implementation

The 13 reservoirs under the Sub-project are playing an important role in promotion of agricultural production, socio-economic development, landscape improvement and ecological balance maintenance in the area.

However, all those reservoirs were built 15-50 years ago. Currently, most of structures are degraded or damaged seriously:

- There occuring the phenomena of transparent water penetration through dams in some reservoirs.

- Water leakage at outlet sluices;

- Spillway degradation, spillway surface is ruined;

- Management houses are degraded; There are no management houses in some reservoirs.

- Management roads to reservoirs mainly are earthen made then the travel for flood protection during rainy seasons is extremely difficult.

- During dry seasons, run-off flowing into reservoirs is very small meanwhile water demand is high. Management of the whole system from headwork to canal is incomplete.

The survey and classification of dam safety

- Repairing and upgrading the reservoir structures will cause potential negative environmental and social impacts as above analyzed, but due to the short time and the small scale of the construction activities as well as the deployment in a narrow space, the negative impacts are evaluated as small, temporary, localized and these impacts can be minimized. The environmental, economic and social performance after completing and putting into operation of the Sub-project has been compared to the potential adverse social and environmental impacts showed that the implementation of the Sub-project is acceptable. The completion and operation of the reservoir will positively affect on the change of some meteorological elements in the area. The stabilization of water surface area will improve the microclimate of each reservoir area; the change on moisture is related to the dry climate continental nature during the dry season. During the operation phase, the Sub-project will increase the stability of water resources as well as ensure the safety of the irrigation works and the downstream area of the dam.

- The current status of 13 reservoirs that being exploited and used has water leakage problems of some flood spillways, some discharge offtake regulators, and has not paved sloping concrete and management roads. As proposed by the design consultant, to ensure the safety of the dam body, discharge offtake regulator, it is needed to

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of 13 resrvoirs under the Sub-project show that 9 among 13 reservoirs are ranked at category A (high risk of dam broken incident, need to be repaired and upgraded to improve safety), 3/13 reservoirs belong to category B (relatively high risk of dam broken incident, need to be repaired and upgraded to improve safety) and only one reservoir is ranked in category C (structure is likely degraded but not high risk of dam broken incident). Therefore, 13 reservoirs should be repaired to ensure safety for downstream area as well as maintain water regulation function.

- There are 13 reservoirs under the DRSIP of Bac Giang province, of which 8 reservoirs are managed by the irrigationmanagement company (IMC) and the rest of 5 small reservoirs are managed by commune’s people committees (CPC).

- Each reservoir has only one staff in charge of management and operaton, Of which, the reservoirs managed by IMCs have O&M permanent staff, meanwhile the reservoirs managed by CPCs have only O&M part-time staff.

- Some reservoirs managed by the IMCs have operation procedures. Most of remaining reservoirs, especially reservoris managed by CPCs do not have operation procedures.

- No environmental and social mitigation measures are in place for reservoir management.

reinforce, replace, and concrete in order to ensuring water volume storage, avoiding water losses and helping in the easy process of the water regulating for production as well as for the reservoir operation. It is also ensured the development conditions for reservoir-side vegetation communities, create the reservoir landscapes and improve the local transportation, especially opening up the opportunities for the local development and visitor’s attraction.

- After completing the construction activities of the 13 reservoirs, the stable situation on water storage and irrigation flow will contribute to the development of fauna and flora ecosystems in the reservoirs, reservoir-side areas, and downstream areas. The Sub-project will affect the local ecosystems for a long time, in a positive and continuous direction way for more diversifying and be enriching the fauna and flora ecosystems in the Sub-project area.

- After completing the construction activities of the Sub-project, the water volume and the water level in the 13 reservoirs will be stabilized at the rate of higher than the downstream area requirements, so after the reservoir will be operated, the downstream water level is always maintained during the year that meeting to the water demand for daily life and agricultural cultivation of the local people.

- During the implementation of the Sub-project, the impacts on the ecosystems around the reservoirs will be exacerbated, however, these impacts will be small and recoverable in the short time; The impacts and its mitigation measures will be analyzed and detailed in the next section of the report.

- The 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project are important irrigation works for flood prevention, irrigation, and water supply for an area of 3032.5 ha in 15 communes, 1 town, 4 districts, and Bac Giang province. These reservoirs will also significantly contribute the improvement of the local people’s living conditions, create a stable water supply basis for the irrigation area of the mountainous communes, and stabilize the local people’s living in the subproject area.

- After completing, the Sub-project will bring many benefits to the community and local

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authorities, for especially, these benefits will include the repairing and reinforcement activities for the dam body, dam sloping that ensuring the safety for the downstream area in the rainy and storming season; The Sub-project will limit the water leakage and losses to ensure the irrigation water flow for agricultural production in the downstream area according to the local government’s regulation plans for agricultural production; and will increase the productivity and amount of agricultural production, increase amount of crop seasons and yields, develop aquaculture by increasing the irrigated area.

- After full completing, the completed works will positively ensure the stable irrigation water for more than 3032.5 ha area of rice production and fruit trees in the downstream area of the 15 communes; ensure the initiative in the cultivation plans and in changing of plant and animal farming in order to increase the economic efficiency resulted in the agricultural land area of the locality.

- The Sub-project will limit the negative impacts on the environment and landscapes in the reservoir areas and the downstream areas.

6.2. The options for selecting the optimal construction solutions

Besides the socio-economic and environmental benefits that provided for comparing between the Sup-project non-implementation and the Sup-project implementation, the construction options should be selected for the facilities are requested in the bidding documents in order to minimize the negative impacts on the natural and social environment during the implementation processes. For especially, the options for the main facilities of the 13 reservoirs including the main dam, auxiliary dam, flood spillway, drainage offtake regulator, management road, management house are described as follows:

- The soil excavation and transportation activities: A combination of 1.25 m3 excavator and 5 tons truck is used for excavating and transporting the soil material to the facilities area. The selections of the suitable loading capacity vehicles will contribute to minimize the risk of rural road damages of the 13 reservoirs in the Sub-project area.

- The dam construction and improvement activities have followed the regulations in the TCVN8297: 2009 national standard namely “Hydraulics structures – Earthen dam - Technical requirements for construction by compaction method”. The main construction method is using the 1.25 m3 excavator and 5 tons truck for purchasing and transporting the soil material from soil mines to the facilities with the medium-distance for 13 the reservoirs from 300 m to 1500 m. A 130cv bulldozer is used to level the soil into layers, the compactor is used to compact the soil, but, for the narrow area position that the compactor can not be used for constructing, the tamping rammer will be used to construct. Within 1 meter surrounding the facilities, the

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using soil quality is required as silt loam soil or clay soil without gravel or other impurities and these soil materials are compacted by the tamping rammer or hand-tamper. The construction plans are carefully selected in order to ensure the dam safety optimization, to solve the dam water-proofing situation.

- The paving activities for the upstream dam sloping: Using the method of the concrete panels are poured on-site. The on-site concrete pouring will contribute to minimize the amount of area for land clearance of the concrete pouring activities, thus, minimizing the impacts on the construction site, such as clearing the trees for land clearance and leveling the soil in the disadvantage position cases. In addition, the on-site concrete pouring is into place, so it is not necessary to transport the concrete panels material that avoiding losses along the transportation way and air pollutant due to emissions and dust from the vehicles.

- Building the water drainage facilities and planting the grasses on the downstream dam sloping: Planting the grasses on the downstream dam sloping is a measure of both reinforcing the dam sloping and replacing the other reinforcing materials such as concrete, precast concrete, neoweb, etc. in order to save the construction and maintenance costs as well as reduce the impacts on the environment and society caused by the dam reinforcing activities in comparing with the other measures.

- The construction and paving activities: the manual methods are mainly used for these activities that can reduce the air pollution, noise from the operation of mechanical equipment during the construction processes.

- The formwork for the concrete construction activities: The formwork is installed on the manual concrete pouring compartments, the types of steel formwork can be mostly used for the easy installation and removal. The on-site concrete pouring using steel formwork will limit the concrete being stratified situation due to it is an inability to close compaction, prolong the service life of the concrete pouring into place, and reduce the operating and repairing pressures. In addition, the steel formwork can be reused to reduce the transportation cost, the installation, the site aggregation, and cost saving.

- The reinforcing steel activities: the reinforcing steel activities are mainly implemented in the construction and repairing phases of the management house and the offtake regulator categories. The reinforcing steel is carried out at the construction site and it does not have to be transported that contributing to accelerating the progress of the construction categories.

- The other activities (building the management house, installation of the monitoring equipment, etc.): the manual methods are mainly used for these activities, in the process of implementation, it is needed to select the skilled and experienced labour, and the selection of local labour will contribute to ensure the construction quality and progress as well as create jobs and income for some local labours living in the 13 communes in the Sub-project.

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CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)

7.1. Objectives of the environmental and social management plan (ESMP)

- Ensure the compliance with the World Bank’s regulations as well as Vietnam’s legal system, standards and guidelines applied at the provincial and national levels.

- Ensure that sufficient resources are allocated based on the subproject budget to carry out the activities related to the ESMP.

- Ensure that the environmental and social risks of the Subproject are adequately predicted and managed.

- Ensure specific and feasible response plan with unforeseen environmental issues in the subproject's environmental impact assessment.

- Create an effective feedback mechanism for further improving environmental protection results.

- The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) outlines mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures that will be implemented during the development and operation of the Subproject to avoid or control adverse impacts on the environment, society and outlines the actions required to implement mitigation measures. The ESMP creates a useful link between adverse impact and mitigation measures and ensures that such measures are implemented.

- The ESMP imposes responsibilities for the implementation, monitoring, time and cost for the proposed mitigation measures. The summary of the Subproject’s environmental and social management plans is presented in the following sections.

7.2. Mitigation measures

7.2.1. Potential impacts and mitigation measures

Specific mitigation measures in the preparation phase are shown in the table below:

Table 7.1: Environmental and social impacts and mitigation measures during the

preparation stage

Expected impacts

Mitigation measuresResponsibility

for implementatio

n

Responsibility for

monitoring

Dust disposal from the land clearance at the area of old management house to be broken

Spraying water to mitigate dust

Contractor PPMU,CSC

Breaking houses in the morning from 7:00 – 11:00 AM and in the afternoon from 13:30 – 17:30 PM. Avoid destroying houses at the noon and night time to minimize impacts to local people, especial attention should be given to the breaking of house in Khe Chao reservoir because there is local house nearby.

Use Standard machines to ensure that the 162

Expected impacts


for implementatio

n

Responsibility for

monitoring

land clearance activity does not cause much noise and safe. - Before site clearance, it is necessary to survey and evaluate the condition of the foundation, structures such as columns, beams, floors and walls.- Remove the entire power system, water and technical systems of the works before clearance.- When demolishing and unloading, special attention to the noise caused by the machine; air pollution caused by dust; characteristics of structure and construction materials; It is safe for people working on the site and for surrounding residents (people outside the building who may not be aware of the dangers of dismantling the building).- Use a mesh to cover or spray continuously into dusty locations

Solid waste, wastewater and domestic waste

Regarding construction waste (such as brick, concrete, iron, woods, etc.) generated from the uninstalling of management houses as well as ruined assets of the business household at Khe Cat reservoir: It should hire the district environmental management company to collect and treat this waste in accordance with regulations.

Contractor PPMU,CSC

Regarding solid waste generated from the clearing and cleaning vegetation cover: The big stems of acacia can be sold, trunks and small branches can be used to be firewood. At the area of workers camps, it should put waste bins with cover and contract with environmental protection company to collect weekly. During the preparation stage, number of workers is only 5-6 people then it should arrange only 2 waste bins of 240 liters with

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Expected impacts


for implementatio

n

Responsibility for

monitoring

classification of organic and inorganic waste. Install mobile toilets to collect domestic waste

Impacts on livelihood and production of local people induced by the land acquisition Impacts on safety and lives of workers due to explosion material risks

To ensure rights and benefits of relevant people whose land is acquired (temporary land acquired is 0.85ha of perennial trees and permanent land acquired is 0.86 ha) and to avoid the disagreement and conflict caused by the land acquisition, the Project owner should conduct land inventory very carefully, transparently and accountably. Affected area and price of compensation must comply with legal regulation and policy of Bac Giang province. - Propaganda on the compensation, support and resettlement policy of the Subproject. Estimated budget of the Subproject for compensation and ground clearance is VND 2.174 billion. In particular, the cost of land compensation, crop compensation and training assistance is VND 1.93 billion, and the remaining VND 240 million of the reserve cost. - Propaganda on the work of implementing in right obligations and the law of the state.- Publicity of details compensation cost of each type of damage to affected households.- Payment of compensation to the right subjects, on schedule.- Coordinate with local authorities if there is a dispute to ensure the smooth process of site clearance.

Contractor PPMU,CSC

Implement fast and one time compensation to help affected household have big amount of money enough to invest in their new production activities. Communicate and guide affected household to spend compensated money in effective and suiatble way to stablize

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Expected impacts


for implementatio

n

Responsibility for

monitoring

their lives and develop their production.

Safety and life effects of workers from unexploded ordnance

- When implement the Sub-project, the Project management board must hire one licenced entity to investigate and detect bombs in accordance with the Circular No.146/2007/TT-BQP dated 11 September, 2007 by Ministry of Defense.- Ensure safe distance and warnings for people in implementating process and implementating in right with QCVN 01: 2012/BQP-National technical regulations on clearance of explosive ordnance and QCVN 02: 2008/BCT- National technical standards on safety in transportation, preservation, use and destruction of industrial explosive materials.

Impacts on local security and order

Workers at the Sub-project site must register temporary immigration at the relevant local Commune People’s committees under the Sub-project. Communicate to enhance awareness and goog living stypy for workers and establish good and close relationship with local community.

Contractor PPMU,CSC

7.2.2 Mitigation measures during construction period

7.2.2.1 Mitigation measures to construction impactsMitigation measures are developed based on the World Bank Group's environment, health and safety guidelines and national regulations and standards to minimize construction impacts, in general, which are presented in the ECOP. The ECOP describe the typical requirements implemented by the Project Owner and supervised by the Construction Supervision Consultant during the construction process. The ECOP will be incorporated in the appendices of bidding documents and contract documents. The mitigation measures are identified for the following issues:

- Dust and emissions;

- Vibration and noise;

- Waste management;

- Management of hazardous materials and chemicals;

- Management of camps;

- Biological effect;

- Soil erosion;

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- Sedimentation and drainage;

- Stockpile and borrow pits management;

- Traffic safety management;

- Interruption of infrastructure services;

- Chance finds;

- Management of labor influx;

- Occupational health and safety;

- Community health and safety;

- Communication with the local community; and

- Impact on water supply for production.

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Table 7.2. Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) for addressing construction-related impacts

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Environmental and Social impacts Mitigation measures

Applicable Standards, Regulations and

Guidelines

Responsible agenciesImplementatio

n Monitoring

1) Dust and exhaust emissions

- The Contractors are responsible for the compliance with the requirements of Vietnamese regulations on ambient air quality.

- The Contractors must ensure that dust emissions are minimized and will not disturb local people, while implementing dust control measures to maintain a healthy working environment and minimize disturbance to surrounding households.

- The Contractors are responsible for the implementation of dust mitigation measures (e.g. use of water sprinklers, covering vehicles for transporting materials ...).

- Construction materials such as cement, sand and gravel must be properly covered and secured during transportation to prevent spillage of soil, sand, other materials or dust.

- Spoilt and stones and stockpile material must be protected against the effects of wind and the locations of the material stores should be checked for current wind direction and locations of the sensitive works.

- Anti-dust masks should be used when dust content is too high.

- All transportation and construction vehicles must comply with the Vietnamese regulations on the emission limits.

- All vehicles must undergo a regular emission test and receive: "certificate of quality, technical safety and environmental protection" under the Decision No.35/2005/QD-BGTVT;

- It is important to ensure that no solid waste or construction materials (e.g. wood, rubber, oil dusters, cement bags, paper, plastic, bitumen etc.) are destroyed.

TCVN 6438-2005: Road vehicles. Maximum allowable emission.

No.35/2005/QDBGTVT on quality control, technical safety and environmental protection;

QCVN 05: 2013/BTNMT: National technical regulation on ambient air quality.

WBG EHS Guidelines

Contractors PPMU, CSC

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Guidelines


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2) Noise and vibration impacts

- The Contractors are responsible for compliance with the Vietnamese laws regarding noise and vibration.

- All vehicles must have the "Certificate of quality control, technical safety and environmental protection" under Decision No.35/2005/QD-BGTVT; to avoid over-noise generation from machinery which is less maintained. - Measures to reduce noise must be applied as follows: Selection of low noise equipment Installation of sound muffler for fans Installation of silencer for exhaust and compressor

components Installation of soundproofing chamber for the

equipment cover causing noise Installation of adjacent sound insulation barriers and

the continuous minimum surface density is 10 kg/m2 to minimize sound transmission.

The sound insulation barriers should be located near the sound source or the sound transmission source.

Installation of vibration control for mechanical machines

Control of operation time for specific equipment or activities, especially when they work close to residential areas.

Moving noise sources to other areas to take advantage of distance and barriers

Installation of fixed equipment as far away from residential areas as possible

Taking advantage of natural terrain in the design to prevent noise

- QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on noise

- QCVN 27: 2010/BTNMT: National Technical regulation on vibration

- WBG EHS Guidelines


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Guidelines


n Monitoring

Restriction the use of means of transportation serving the project through residential areas

Establishment of a reception and feedback mechanism3) Waste management I. General waste

(a) Wastewater- The Contractors are responsible for the compliance with

the Vietnamese laws regarding the discharge of wastewater into water sources.

- Hiring local workers to limit waste- The wastewater treatment system must be provided for the

treatment of domestic water or sanitary wastewater in areas without wastewater collection network. Wastewater treatment systems should only be used for the treatment of sanitary wastewater. When the wastewater treatment system being the form of wastewater treatment selected, it is necessary:

- Design and installation in accordance with the local regulations and guiding to prevent any risk to public health or the contamination of soil, water or groundwater.• Maintaining good performance.• Installing in areas with sufficiently permeable soil for the design wastewater percentage.• Installing in stable areas at the same level, which are well draining and permeable, with separation between drainage and groundwater or other receiving waters.

- Wastewater from washing construction machines and equipment must be collected in the settling pond before being discharged into the local sewerage system.

- Upon the completion of the construction works, the waste

- QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on domestic wastewater quality;

- QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on wastewater



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Guidelines


n Monitoring

water tanks and septic tanks must be safely treated or sealed up.

(b) Rain water- Rainwater should be separated from the treatment and

sanitary sewage to reduce the amount of wastewater to be treated before discharging.

- Preventing water surface runoff from construction areas or potential sources of pollution.

- If this approach is not practical, the amount of wastewater discharged from the treatment and storage area must be separated from the contaminated water stream which is likely to be less polluted.

- Reducing water runoff from the areas where there are no potential sources of contamination (e.g. minimizing the impermeable surface area) and reducing the maximum discharge rate (e.g. using aquacultural ponds).

- In case, it is necessary to treat rain water to protect the receiving water quality, priority should be given to managing and treating the first discharge of rainwater, where most pollutants are potential present.

- When the water quality criteria meets the permission, rainwater must be managed as a natural resource, either for groundwater recharge or for meeting the water need of the facility.

- It is essential to install and maintain oil separators and lubricant traps at refuelling facilities, workshops, parking areas, fuel depots and storage areas.

- Sludge from rainwater tanks or collection and treatment systems may contain high levels of pollutants must be

171



Guidelines


n Monitoring

treated in accordance with local requirements. If it is not treated, it must be suitable to the protection of public health and safety and the preservation and long-term sustainability of water and land resources.

(c) Solid waste- Prior to construction, the Contractors should prepare solid

waste control process (storage, garbage bins, cleaning schedules, etc.) and be careful during the construction.

- Before construction, the Contractors must ensure that all permits or waste treatment contracts are available.

- Measures should be taken to minimize potential waste generation and improper behaviour related to waste disposal. At all construction sites, the Contractors must provide garbage bins, containers and waste collection facilities.

- Solid wastes may be temporarily stored at site in the designated areas approved by the Contractors, Construction Supervision Consultant and local authorities before being collected and treated through licensed waste collectors.

- Waste packaging must be protected against corrosion.- Do not burn, bury or dump solid wastes in place.- Re-usable materials such as wood panels over grooving,

steel, scaffolding, packaging materials, etc. will be collected and classified at site from other sources for recycling or for sale.

- If not being dismantled on site, solid waste or construction debris will only be disposed at designated locations that are approved by the Construction Supervision Consultant and included in the Solid Waste Plan. In any case, the

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Guidelines


n Monitoring

Contractor shall not dispose of any material in sensitive environmental areas such as natural habitats or water bodies.

II. Hazardous waste(a) Storage of hazardous waste- Hazardous waste must be stored to prevent or control

accidental release into the air, soil, and water sources in the area where:

- Wastes are stored in a way that prevents any disturbance or contact between incompatible wastes and allows inspection among the tanks to track leaks or spills, e.g. including spaces between compatible areas or physical isolations like walls or barriers.

- Store in a tightly closed containers for direct sunlight, wind and rain.

- Storage should be on a waterproof surface that is easily cleaned, and properly packaged to contain any spill or leakage. The storage area should be covered to prevent rainwater from accumulating.

- The secondary prevention system must be constructed with appropriate materials for the storage of waste and sufficient to prevent leakage into the environment.

- Secondary storage includes wherever liquid waste is stored in volumes greater than 220 litters. The available volume of secondary containment must be at least 110 percent of the largest repository, or 25 percent of total storage (whichever is larger) at that particular location.

- Providing adequate ventilation where volatile materials are stored.

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Guidelines


n Monitoring

(b) Transportation of hazardous waste- Onsite and offsite waste transportation must be carried out

to prevent or minimize spillage, release, and exposure to staff and the public.

- All waste containers designated for on-the-spot transport must be protected and labelled with relevant content and hazards, properly loaded on the transport vehicle prior to departure and must be accompanied by a shipping document (e.g. manifest) describing the load and associated hazards, in accordance with the instructions.

(c) Burial of hazardous wastes- Chemical waste of any kind must be disposed of at

appropriate burial sites and approved in accordance with the requirements of local law. The contractor must have the necessary processing certificate.

- The disposal of hazardous waste must be carried out and handled by specially trained and certified workers.

- The use of oils, lubricants, detergents ... from vehicle and machine maintenance must be collected in a storage tank and recycled by the company specializing in waste oil recycling at the waste disposal site.

- Unused or rejected bitumen or bitumen products will be returned to the supplier's factory.

4) Soil erosion - Limitation of construction activities on rainy days- Using geotextile to temporarily cover erosion-prone soil- Covering a layer of soil over the soil surface to help soil

absorb water gradually- Building walls around the erosion area to block the flow of

water


174



Guidelines


n Monitoring

- Stabilizing surface erosion by cultivation or concreting5) Drainage and sediment management

- The Contractors should follow the detailed design of the wastewater system in the construction plan to prevent water spills or erosion of hillsides and areas which are not protected from floods, resulting wastewater pollution to local water resource.

- Ensuring that the sewage system is not filled with mud and other obstructions.

- Maintenance of the current status of the areas that are not under construction.

- Carrying out reasonable earthwork, excavation and filling, complying with construction standards, including such measures as installation of wastewater system, planting trees.

- In order to avoid waste sediment, that impacts the water source, a sediment management system should be installed to slow or divert waste and sediment until the crop is cultivated. A sediment management system may include the removal of canal waste, canal banks, waste tank, straw material, post-storm sewerage protection system or barriers.

- Draining or supplying water: In case the construction works should be carried out at water sources (e.g. bridges, retaining walls, anti-erosion system), the areas should be drained, ensuring dry conditions for construction. Settling water from the construction site must be discharged into the sediment management system to be treated before flowing into the water source.

- Mitigation measures should be implemented for each

- TCVN 4447: 1987: Construction regulations and acceptance

- - Circular No.22/2010/TT-BXD of the Ministry of Construction regulating labour safety in construction work.

- - QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT - national technical regulation on surface water quality


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Guidelines


n Monitoring

specific area under the EMP when changing water flows or constructing dykes.

6) Management of hazardous materials and chemicals

- The use of hazardous materials and chemicals within the subproject must adhere strictly to the manufacturer's instructions.

- Using types of chemicals on the list of authorized agencies - Persons exposed to hazardous materials and chemicals

should receive intensive training in the risk prevention measures due to exposure to hazardous materials and chemicals.

- Persons who are frequently exposed to hazardous materials and chemicals should be periodically checked health (no less than 6 months) and appropriate rest periods are recommended.

Transportation of hazardous materials and chemicals- Using accessories, pipe lines and hoses dedicated to the

materials in the tanks (for example, all acids use one type of connection, all caustics use different equipment) and maintain procedures to prevent the inaccurate addition of toxic substances to the tanks.

- Using compatible transfer device and match the characteristics of the transfer material and design to ensure safe transfer.

- Regularly checking, maintaining and repairing accessories, pipes and tubes.

- Providing secondary containment, dripping or other spill prevention and containment measures for containers of hazardous materials at possible connection points or spill points.

- Decree No. 38/2015/ND-CP on waste and waste management;

- Decision No. 23/2006/QD-BTNMT on the list of hazardous wastes;

- Circular No.36/2015/TT-BTNMT on management of hazardous waste;

- Circular No.03/2016/TT-BNNPTNT on the list of plant protection drugs permitted for use in Vietnam;

- Circular No. 21/2015/TT-BNNPTNT on management of plant protection drugs

- WBG EHS Guidelines.


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Guidelines


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Overfill protection- Preparing written procedures for transportation including a

checklist of measures to be taken during the filling process and use of the trained persons.

- Installing the measuring equipment on the tanks to measure the volume inside.

- Using water dripping pipes for tank trucks and fixed connections to the tanks.

- Providing automatically sealed valves on the tanks to avoid overload.

- Using a water tank around the spillway tubes to collect the spillage.

- Using pipe connection with automatic overload protection valves (float valves).

- Pumping less than the allowed capacity in the tanks or ship by placing less material than its availability.

- The case of overload or overpressure of tubes, the load should be controlled down.

Reaction, fire and explosion prevention- Storage of incompatible materials (acids, bases, flame

retardants, oxidants, chemical reactants) in separate areas, and facilities to separate the material storage areas.

- Providing specific material storage for extremely hazardous or reactive materials.

- Using flame arresters on vents from flammable containers.- Providing lightning protection for tanks, transfer stations

and other equipment used to treat flammable materials.- Selecting compatible building materials with products

stored for all parts of the storage and distribution system

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Guidelines


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and avoiding reuse of containers for various products without material interoperability testing.

- Storage of hazardous materials in the area of the establishment isolated from the main works. If the tangibility can not be avoided, physical separation must be made using structures designed to prevent fire, explosions, spills, and other emergencies that affect the operation of the facility.

- The storage area should be on a non-absorbent surface and be easily cleaned, properly packaged to avoid any spills or leaks. Storage areas should be covered to prevent accumulated rainwater.

- All sources of ignition are prohibited from areas near flammable tanks.

Secondary chamber (liquid)- Transferring dangerous substance from storage tanks to

storage areas where there is sufficiently permeable surface to avoid environmental degradation and sloping down to collection places or storage structures to avoid connecting to wastewater/rain water collection systems.

- If no permanent containment structure is provided for transfer activities, one or more other spill prevention forms such as mobile casings (which can be deployed throughout the duration operating hours) of pressure relief valves on rainwater tanks or closing valves in drainage or sewer equipment, in conjunction with oil water separators should be provided.

- Storing hazardous materials in tanks capable of equal to or larger than 1,000 litters in the unwaterproof surface areas,

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Guidelines


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which are covered or braided to contain at least 25% of total storage amount.

- Providing secondary containment to the parts (tanks, pipes) of the hazardous materials storage system, at the feasible extent.

- Carrying out routine tank inspections (e.g. daily or weekly), and inspection of visible parts of tank trucks and pipes to avoid leakage.

- Using composite or special storage systems and pipelines, especially in the use of underground tanks (USTs) and underground pipelines. If using a dual wall system, there should be a means of detecting leakage between the two walls.

Training - Employees need training in hazardous waste management. The training programs include:- List of trained staff;- Specific training objectives;- Mechanisms for achieving goals (practical workshops,

videos, etc.);- Means of determining whether the training program is

effective or not;- Training procedures for new recruits and new courses for

existing staff.Community Participation and Awareness- There is general information to the community which is

likely to be affected by the scope and extent of the subproject activities and on-site preventive and control measures to ensure that there is no impact on human health.

- Potential impacts on human health or the environment

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caused by incidents or from existing hazardous wastes.- Specific and timely information on the behavior and

appropriate safety measures will be adopted in the event of an accident, including practice exercises at high risk locations.

- Access to the information needed to understand the nature of the possible impacts of the accidents and the opportunity to contribute effectively to the relevant decisions and to develop emergency preparedness plans.

- The Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Health will be informed in time about any environmental incidents.

- Preparation and implementation of remedial measures after the oil spills. In this case, the Contractor must provide a report explaining the reason for the spill, corrective actions, consequence/damage from the spill incident, and corrective action.

7) Biological effect - The contractor should establish a management plan for site clearance, vegetation rehabilitation and re-planting in accordance with the relevant regulations for pre-approval by the Engineer. The site clearance plan must be approved by Construction Supervision Consultant and Contractor should strictly follow this plan and limit the number of areas that need to be cleared as low as possible.

- The site clearance in forest land in mountainous areas requires the permission of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.

- The contractor should release the topsoil of all areas where the topsoil will be affected by the rehabilitation work,

- Law on Biodiversity No. 20/2008/QH12

- Decree No.65/2010/ND-CP guiding the Law on Biodiversity


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including temporary measures such as storage and piling up. Removed topsoil will be concentrated in the areas agreed with the Construction Supervision Consultant for future reforestation and protection.

- It is prohibited to use chemicals in the release of vegetation.

- Do not cut trees unless getting allowance in the vegetation clearance plan.

- Installing temporary protection fences to protect plants that need to be retained if necessary before commencing work at the site.

- Do not encroach important ecological resources unless the Construction Supervision Consultant has obtained permission, who should consult with the PPMU and the Independent Environmental Monitoring Consultant (IEMC) and relevant authorities. These include the areas where birds, animals, fish farms, or green protected areas are developed.

- The Contractor should ensure that no hunting, trapping and poisoning activities occur.

8) Traffic management - The Contractor must strictly comply with the provisions of the Road Traffic Law.

- Adopt the best traffic safety measures in all aspects of subproject activities with the aim of preventing traffic accidents and minimizing injuries suffered by sub-project staff and the public. The measures should include:

- Emphasizing the safety aspect of the drivers.- Improving driving skills and driving license requirements.- Adoption of travel time limits and arrangement of

- Law on Transportation No.23/2008/QH12;

- Decree No.46/2016/ND-CP on administrative sanctions against traffic safety violations;

- Law on Construction No.50/2014/QH13;

- Circular


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dashboards to avoid overload.- Avoiding dangerous roads and times of day to reduce the

risk of accidents.- Using the speed control equipment on the trucks and

remotely tracking the actions of the driver.- Regular maintenance of the vehicles and use of the parts

approved by the manufacturers to minimize serious accidents that may occur due to equipment malfunction or premature failure.

- Minimizing the interaction of pedestrians with construction vehicles.

- Cooperating with local communities and competent agencies to improve the signage, vision and overall safety of roads, especially along strips located near schools or other places where there are children; Working with local communities on traffic education and pedestrian safety (e.g. school education campaigns).

- Coordinating with emergency response agencies to ensure that appropriate first aid measures are provided in the event of an accident.

- Using locally sourced materials, whenever possible, to minimize transportation distances; Locating associated facilities such as labor camps in the subproject area and arrange transportation of workers by bus to minimize external traffic.

- - Using safe traffic control measures, including signs and flaggers to warn of hazardous conditions.

No.22/2010/TT-BXD, regulating labour safety in construction.


- 9) Disruption access to utility services

- Planned and unplanned disruption of water supply, gas, electricity, and internet: The Contractors must conduct

- Decree No.167/2013/ND-CP on sanctioning


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prior consultation and prepare a contingency plan with the local authorities for the consequences of discontinuance.

- Collaborating with relevant utilities to develop appropriate construction plans.

- Providing information for affected households on construction time as well as planned service interruption (at least 5 days in advance).

- The Contractors plan to provide replacement irrigation water for agriculture for affected people in the event of a long disruption more than one day.

- Any damage to the cable lines, power lines, and irrigation water ... will be reported to the authorities and repaired immediately.

administrative violations in the field of security, social order and safety.

10) Management of workers’ camps

- Contractors' and workers' camps are built temporarily on the subproject land.

- These areas are far enough to accommodate building materials, oil, waste, discharge canals, and sensitive places such as schools, hospitals, churches, temples and other dangerous areas such as landslides, subsidence or erosion.

- Camps should be well-ventilated, sunlight, clean water, garbage collection, septic toilets, mosquito nets, fire extinguishers, first aid kits, and other health protection facilities for workers.

- Labor Law 10/2012/QH13



- 11) Managing social issues related to worker flow

- Employment of local workers for simple jobs and limitation of worker increase in the subproject area.

- Explanation to the workers about the local customs to avoid conflicts with local people.

- The Subproject Owners and the Contractors should cooperate with local agencies to prevent social evils.

- Decree No.167/2013/ND-CP, stipulating administrative sanctions in the field of security, social order and safety; prevention of social evils


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- Strengthening campaigns to eliminate social evils- Communicating with local organizations to ensure effective

management and GRM so that affected local people can rely on.

- Temporary workers living in camps and rental housing must register their temporary residency with local authority.

- Employees are strictly forbidden to: Use alcoholic beverages during construction Controversy, fighting Gambling, social evils such as drug use, prostitution Littering waste


- 12) Chance finds - If the Contractors discovers archaeological sites, historical relics, remains and antiques, including graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractors shall:+ Stop construction activities within the scope of

discovery;+ Delineate location or area of discovery;+ Keep the locations safe to protect objects that can be

removed from the areas. In the case of detachable antique objects or sensitive objects, it needs to protect them at night until the local authorities or the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism take over;

+ Notify the CSC, who will inform the local or national authority responsible for cultural property of Vietnam (within 24 hours or less);

+ The agency in charge of protection of local or national heritages will be responsible for protecting and

- Amended and supplemented Law on Cultural Heritage No.28/2001/QH10;

- Amended and supplemented Law on Cultural Heritage No.32/2009/QH12;

- Supplemented and amended Decree No.98/2010/ND-CP


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preserving these sites before deciding on further procedures. A preliminary assessment report on the detection process is prepared. The meaning and importance of the findings are assessed according to different criteria related to cultural heritage, including aesthetic, historical, scientific, research, social and economic values;

+ The decision on how to handle the search is made by the agency responsible for protecting local heritages. This may include changes in arrangement (such as when a heritage is found and can not remove) for conservation, preservation, restoration and recovery;

+ If cultural monuments, high value heritages and protected conservation areas are recommended by experts and required by the Cultural Relics Agency, the Subproject Owner will need to make necessary changes to meet the requirements and conservation of the area;

+ Decisions relating to the management of the search for objects will be notified in writing by the competent authority.

+ The buildings can only be restored after being permitted by local authorities to protect the heritages.

13) Occupational health and safety

Over-exertion - Training workers in lifting and handling materials in

construction and finishing, including the setting of weight limits on which mechanical assistance or two-person lifts, which are required.

- Planning work arrangements to minimize the need for manual transportation of heavy loads.

- Directive No.02/2008/CT-BXD on strengthening measures to ensure occupational safety and health in units in the construction industry


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- Selecting tools and work points to reduce power requirements and retention time, and promoting improved posture, including workstations that can accommodate users.

- Implementing administrative controls on work processes, such as job rotation and rest or break.

Slips and falls- Implementing good sanitation measures, such as placement

and arrangement of loose building materials or debris in designated areas away from pedestrian walkways.

- Regular cleaning of waste residue and liquid waste.- Locating electrical wires and connections in common areas

and marked corridors.- Using non-slip shoes.Working at heights- Training and using temporary fall prevention devices such

as rails or other fences, which may support a weight of 200 pounds, when workers are working at or above two meters in height or at any height, if the risk involves in falling into the active machinery, into water or other liquids, into the hazardous substance, or through the open area on the work surface.

- Training and using personal fall arrest systems such as seat belts and power harnesses which are capable of supporting 2,268 kg (it is also described in the section above), as well as rescue procedures to prevent people from falling to the ground. The connection point of the fall protection system can also support 2,268 kg.

- Using control areas and safety monitoring systems to alert

- Circular No.22/2010/TT-BXD dated 03/12/2010 of the Ministry of Construction on regulations on labor safety in construction work

- QCVN 18: 2014/BXD: National technical regulation on safety in construction


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workers to the locations near fallacious risk areas as well as to tighten, mark and label lids for openings on floors, roofs or pedestrian surfaces.

Struck by objects - Using restricted or discharge areas and/or gully to safely

move waste from top to bottom.- Sawing, cutting, grinding, sanding, splitting or chiselling

with appropriate protection and anchorage when working.- Maintaining clear ways to avoid heavy equipment crossing

discarded materials.- Using protective measures when someone or material is

dropped from scaffolding and the edges of work surfaces, such as handrails and planks, to prevent material from being shot.

- Moving work areas during blasting and use of explosive or deflecting methods to minimize flying stones or demineralization if the work is conducted close to people or structures.

- Wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as safety glasses with side shields, masks, helmets, and safety shoes

Moving machinery- Planning and isolating traffic locations; operating

machinery and walkways; controlling vehicle traffic through one-way lane, speed limits, and on-site personnel; Wearing easy-to-observe jackets or carrying specialized clothing to regulate traffic.

- Ensuring visible observation through the use of identifiable coats when working in or walking through heavy

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equipment operating areas; training workers to check eye contact with operators before reaching the vehicle.

- Making sure movable equipment is equipped with alarm system.

- Using lifting equipment that is well inspected and maintained for loads, e.g. cranes, and ensuring load when lifting them higher than the required height.

Dust- Dust minimization techniques such as the use of water or

non-toxic chemicals should be implemented to minimize dirt from vehicle movements.

- Personal protective equipment such as respirators will be used where dust levels are too high.

Confined spaces and Excavations- Controlling site specific factors that may contribute to the

instability of the slope of the earthworks, e.g. the use of water removal techniques in earthworks, side wall support and adjustment of slope to eliminate or minimize the risk of collapse, trapping, or drowning.

- Providing safe facilities to access to and get out of excavated areas such as step slope, grade entry, or stairs and ladders.

- Avoiding operating incinerators for long periods in excavation or embankment areas where other workers must enter unless the area is ventilated.

Other site hazards- Assigning trained staff to identify and eliminate wastes

from containers, pots, vats, processing equipment or contaminated soil as the first step in excavation,

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construction, dismantling or destroying the safety.- Assigning specially trained staff to identify and select the

removal of potentially hazardous materials in the construction prior to the demolition, for example, insulators or structures containing asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls, mercury-containing electrical components.

- Using appropriate protective equipment based on occupational health and safety assessment including respirators, protective clothing, gloves, and eye protection.

14) Community health and safety

A. Common site hazards- The Subproject must implement risk management strategies

to protect the community from physical, chemical or other hazards associated with construction areas.

- Limiting access to construction site via a combination of internal controls and administrative measures for the high risk structures or areas, depending on specific circumstances, fencing, signage, and communications of the risk to the local community.

- Eliminating dangers on construction sites that can not be effectively controlled by restricting access to the site such as covering open areas into shielded spaces, creating paths to the larger openings such as ditches or dug holes or store them around hazardous materials.

B. Disease preventionCommunicable disease

Providing surveillance and active screening and treatment of workers

Preventing illness among workers in local communities by:- Providing initiatives to raise awareness on health and

- Law on road traffic No. 23/2008/QH12

- Circular No. 22/2010/TT-BXD on regulations on labor safety in construction

- QCVN 18: 2014/BXD: Technical regulations on safety in construction



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education, for example by implementing an information strategy to strengthen individual awareness in order to address systemic factors that may affect fish behavior, which also promotes personal protection and protects others from infection by encouraging the use of condoms.

- Training health workers on disease treatment.- Implementing vaccination programs for local community

workers to improve health and prevent infection.- Providing health services.- Providing treatment through case management at on-site or

community-based health care facilities;- Ensuring the access to appropriate medical treatment,

confidentiality and care, especially for migrant workers.- Promoting cooperation with local authorities to increase

access of families of workers and the community to public health services and promoting vaccination.

Vector-born diseases - Preventing the spread of larvae and pathogens through

hygienic measures and removal of habitats and reproduction of larvae of human settlements.

- Removing unused water.- Increasing flows of natural and man-made canals.- Considering the application of fencing pesticide residue

areas.- Implementing integrated vector control programs.- Promoting the use of chasing drugs, clothing, nets, and

other preventive measures to prevent insect bites.- Implementing preventive treatment with non-immune drugs

and coordination with health workers to destroy the

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reservoirs that contain diseases.- Monitoring and treating endemic and migratory populations

to prevent the spread of the diseases.- Cooperating and exchanging equipment and machinery

with other control programs in the subproject area to maximize benefits.

- Training sub-project staff and local people on risk, prevention and treatment.

- Monitoring the communities in high risk seasons for the detection and treatment of cases.

- Distributing appropriate educational materials.- Following the safety instructions for storing, transporting

and using pesticides to minimize the potential for misuse, overexposure, and human exposure to accidents.

15) Management of stockpile and borrow pits

- Measuring based on the ECOPs for large pits or piles of soil

- All using locations must be pre-designated in accordance with the approved construction standards.

- There should be a drain around the collection area to prevent wastewater discharge.

- The ground at the collection site will be dug out and then used to return the status quo as initially as possible.

- If there is a need for new locations during the construction process, prior approval by the construction engineer is required.

- If landowners are affected when their lands are used for digging or piling, they should be included in the Sub-project Resettlement Plan (RAP).

- If a connection to the roads is required, which should be


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considered in the environmental assessment process.- 16) Communications

with local community - Maintaining communications with local authorities and

communities. The Contractors should cooperate with local authorities (commune-level chairpersons and village heads) on the construction plans agreed in the areas near the sensitive areas or in the sensitive times like religious festivals.

- Vietnamese copies of ECOP and other relevant environmental safety documents will be provided to the local community and workers in the construction sites.

- Amusement park, parking lot is narrowed: Losses in public infrastructure during construction are often an inconvenience to people in sensitive areas. However, surveys on affected populations will provide opportunities for research and implementation of alternative measures.

- Disseminate information on the Subproject to the affected parties (e.g. local government, affected businesses and households, etc.) through community meetings before commencement of construction.

- Providing public relations contacts for interested parties to collect information on site activities, status and results of the subproject.

- Providing information, especially technical findings in understandable language to the public and useful form to elected citizens and officials through documentation and dissemination of key findings during the subproject phase

- Managing the involvement to community and information requirements for subproject implementation.

- Responding promptly and accurately to requests by phone

- Decree No.167/2013/ND-CP on sanctioning administrative violations in the field of security, social order and safety


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and text.- Informing local people about construction plans, service

disruptions, roundabouts and bus routes, in case of necessary explosion or destruction.

- Limiting construction in the evening. If it is necessary well preparation and notice to everyone is adequately informed to take the necessary measures.

- Notifying at least 15 days of disruption of services (electricity, water, telephone, bus, etc.) to the public by posting notice at the place of implementation of the Subproject, bus station and at affected businesses/households.

- Providing documentation and technical drawings to local authorities and residents, especially the construction area outline and the ESMP for the construction site.

- Bulletin boards should be arranged at all construction sites to provide information on the subproject as well as contact liaison with the PPMU, environmental staff, safety and health staff, and communications, telephone numbers and other contact information so that any affected people can present their concerns and suggestions.

17) Impact on water supply for production

- Repairing, reinforcing the dam roof, repairing the water intake at the 13 reservoirs under the Subproject to limit the impact on the water supply should choose the time of construction when the demand for water is low, and ensure on schedule.

- Construction units should also take into account the drainage solution to ensure water supply for 3032.5ha of cultivated land of the Subproject.


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- In 13 reservoirs under the subproject can use large-capacity pumps to conduct the discharge from the reservoirs to the canal area for production during the construction phase so production activities of the local people do not interrupt.

- For Khe Cat and Khe Chao reservoirs, the construction unit and the reservoir management unit find out the cause of dehydration in order to ensure uninterrupted water supply.

7.2.2.2. Mitigation measures for site-specific impacts of Subproject

Specific mitigation measures proposed by the consultant should also be applied in the subproject.

Table 7.3. Measures to mitigate specific impacts of the reservoirs in the Sub-project

No Reservoir Description Site-specific impacts Mitigation measures Responsibility for implementation

Responsibility for supervision

1 Khe Dang

- Domestic water supply:Khe Dang reservoir serviced domestic water supply to the households in An Chau town, Son Dong district.

- Domestic water supply:+ The domestic water supply was interrupted.+ The water quality was affected due to the construction activities for the work repair and maintenance.

- Informing to the local authorities, the People’s Committee of An Chau town about the progress of the work repair and maintenance.- Constructing the fence barricade for the areas with water pipelines at the construction site to ensure the safety of the water pipelines. - Prohibiting the activities that harming to the water pipelines and the quality of the reservoir water.

Contractor

Supervision consultant, Sub-

project Management

Unit

194

2 Cua Coc

In the reservoir area, there is the duck farming activity was contracted by the local households.

- The duck farming activities of the households can be disrupted. - The household income from duck farming activity can be reduced.

- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Guiding for the livestock households in the project area have not been affected by construction activities. - Prohibiting the activities from the Contractor that obstructing to the livestock production of the households. - In the case of construction activities causing the losses of the livestock production of the households, the measures of compensation for these losses shall be applied by the Contractor.

Contractor


project Management

Unit

3 Khe Cat There is the Khe Cat Temple located on the material transport road at a distance of 700m to the reservoir.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the Temple.- The noise arising from the material transportation can

- Informing to the local authorities and the Temple managers about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Strictly implementing the measures to minimize the dust and noise to avoid affecting the tranquility surrounding the Temple.

Contractor Supervision consultant, Sub-

project Management

Unit

195

affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the Temple.

- The means of transport must meet the regulation standards and have to not carry too much over tonnage to damage the road.

4 Lang Thum

There is aquaculture farming activity in the reservoir area was contracted by the local households in order to salvage the reservoir water surface. Besides, the local contractors also provide the relaxing fishing business services in the reservoir.

- Affecting to the aquaculture farming activities.- The income of the households from the relaxing fishing business services was reduced.

- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Prohibiting the aquaculture catch activities in the reservoir from the project officials and workers are strictly forbidden to avoid damaging to the households. - During the construction process, mitigation measures should be taken to minimize the dust and manage the solid waste and domestic garbage in order to avoid affecting the quality of the water in the reservoir, thus affecting the aquaculture resources of the households.

Contractor


project Management

Unit

5 Khe Chao - Tourism service activities: There are some business

- Tourism service activities:

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the


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ecotourism services in the reservoir area was contracted by the local households with activities including the relaxing ramble around the reservoir by using the boats and the relaxing fishing services.

- Festival activities: On September 1st of every year, the locality have organized the boat racing activity in the reservoir area.

The reservoir repair and maintenance activities can disrupt the business ecotourism services reducing the income of the business households.- Festival activities: The reservoir repair and maintenance activities can disrupt the boat racing festival activities.

progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- Prohibiting the aquaculture catch activities in the reservoir from the project officials and workers are strictly forbidden to avoid damaging to the households.- During the construction process, mitigation measures should be taken to minimize the dust and manage the solid waste and domestic garbage in order to avoid affecting the quality of the water in the reservoir, thus affecting the business ecotourism services of the households.- In the case of construction activities causing the losses of the household properties, the measures of compensation for these losses shall be applied by the Contractor.- By the festival time, if the construction activities have not affected the festival activities, it should be informed to the local authorities for uninterrupted festival activities.

project Management

Unit

197

6 Khe Ray

In the reservoir area, there is the duck farming activity was contracted by the local households.

- The livestock activities of the households can be disrupted.- The income of the households from the duck farming activity was reduced.

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- Guiding for the livestock households in the project area have not been affected by construction activities.- Prohibiting the activities from the Contractor that obstructing to the livestock production of the households. - In the case of construction activities causing the losses of the livestock production of the households, the measures of compensation for these losses shall be applied by the Contractor.

Contractor


project Management

Unit

7 Bau Lay The road route for transporting materials to the reservoir goes through the Dai Mien pagoda located in the Min To village (far 60m from the road).

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the pagoda.- The noise arising from the material transportation can

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Strictly implementing the measures to minimize the dust and noise to avoid affecting the tranquility surrounding the pagoda.


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affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the pagoda.

- The means of transport must meet the regulation standards and have to not carry too much over tonnage to damage the road.

8 Vat Phu


It can lead to the conflicts between the households having the tombs next to the dam and the workers who are working on the construction site, if the construction process will leave the construction materials or dispose the unusable material to the area next to the tombs.

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households having the tombs next to the dam about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Prohibiting the activities of leaving the construction materials or disposing the unusable material to the area next to the tombs.

Contractor


project Management

Unit

9 Dong Man There are some households living next to the road route nearing to the reservoir area including some houses of the local people without fences and near to the roadside.

- Obstructing the traffic activities of some households.- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding and cause the household dust to

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households living next to the dam about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- The means of material transportation when passing through the local residential area must transport slowly, when


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surrounding households. - The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the lives of the households.

coming to the turning points must be turned on the signals to avoid the traffic accidents.- Prohibiting the activities causing the social disorder and insecurity in the construction area. - Strictly implementing the mitigation measures to minimize the dust and noise arising from the construction machinery and avoid working at the household breaking times.

10 Chin Suoi There are some households living next to the Chin Suoi reservoir. They contract to fish breeding, and to duck and swan breeding.

- The livestock activities of the households can be disrupted.- The income of the households from the duck and swan farming activity was reduced.

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- Guiding for the livestock households in the project area have not been affected by construction activities.- Prohibiting the activities from the Contractor that obstructing to the livestock production of the households. - In the case of construction activities causing the losses of the livestock production of the


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households, the measures of compensation for these losses shall be applied by the Contractor.

11 Ba Bai


The local people have urgent psychological symptoms, then it can lead to the conflicts between the local people and the officials and workers who are working on the construction site in the case of reservoir water depletion during the construction process causing the water shortage for their agricultural production.

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- Propagating to the households in order to understand the importance of the reservoir repair and maintenance activities for ensuring the downstream area safety.- The measures to supply irrigation water during the repair process of offtake sluices to ensure irrigation and drainage activities.- Cooperating with the reservoir management unit to ensure that the water regulation activities are in line with the plans, avoiding uneven distribution among the households causing the conflicts.

Contractor


project Management

Unit

12 Chua Ong The areas nearing to the reservoir have some households living in the downstream of the dam, along the reservoir management road route.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding and cause the household dust to surrounding households. - The noise arising from the material

- Informing to the local authorities and the local households living next to the dam about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities.- The means of material transportation when passing through the local residential area must transport slowly, when coming to the turning points must


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transportation can affect the lives of the households.

be turned on the signals to avoid the traffic accidents.- Prohibiting the activities causing the social disorder and insecurity in the construction area.- Strictly implementing the mitigation measures to minimize the dust and noise arising from the construction machinery and avoid working at the household breaking times.

13 Chong Chenh

The road route for transporting materials from the town to the reservoir goes through the Hoang Hoa pagoda, Dong Vuong village. The pagoda gate is far 30m from the road.

- Dust and emissions into the air environment can affect the air quality surrounding the pagoda. - The noise arising from the material transportation can affect the quiet atmosphere surrounding the pagoda.

- Informing to the local authorities and the pagoda managers about the progress of the work repair and maintenance activities - Strictly implementing the measures to minimize the dust and noise to avoid affecting the tranquility surrounding the pagoda - The means of transport must meet the regulation standards and have to not carry too much over tonnage to damage the road.- By the time of the local people going to the pagoda on the 1st day, or 15th day of the lunar month calendar, it should go slowly when passing through the construction road site, reduce traffic density in the morning and noon times.

Contractor


project Management

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7.3.3. Mitigation measures in operation phase

Specific mitigation measures in the operational phase are presented in the table below:

Table 7.4: Environmental and social impacts and mitigation measures during the

operation stage

Expected impacts Mitigation measures

Responsibility for

implementation

Responsibility for monitoring

Domestic wastewater and solid waste affect water and soil quality

Management houses when constructed must have three boxes toilets and meet hygienic standards.

Reservoir owners

Local government

and professional

agencies

Install waste bins in management houses. Communicate to enhance awareness of managers of reservoirs on environmental protection

Increase in reservoir sedimentation

There have been not dredging activity in 13 reservoirs under the Sub-project for a long time. Therefore, it should have plan and budget for regular dredge of reservoir to avoid sedimentation which can cause block of water flow and stuck of sluices

Reservoir owners

Local government

and professional

agencies

Disruption of water supply by repair and upgrading

- Inform the local authorities and people about the situation and the repair shedule of reservoir. - Select the correct time for repair and upgrading when agricultural production is less using water irrigation.-The repair and upgrading activities are necessary to ensure the progress as shedule so as not to affect the production.

Reservoir owners

Local government

and professional

agencies

Risks of dam broken, Flooding discharge in case of big flood causes damage in downstream area

The O&M unit would coordinate closely with local people to receive report on time when there is a risk related to dam safety then take active and proper action to respond to certain situation.

-Reservoir owners -Local government and professional agencies

Local government

and professional

agencies

Develop flooding map for downstream area. The flooding discharge plan must be announced to local people at least 1 day before actual implementation to minimize damage caused. Build safety corridor for flood protection based on impact forecast scenarios The O&M unit must announce

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accurately and on time the flood discharge plan to help local people having on time response actions. Monitor and regulate water reasonably in rainy seasons Local authority and people should have plan to actively respond to disasters.

7.2.4. Measures to reduce risks and incidents

7.2.4.1. Construction phase

- Health and safety of workers:

+ Workers have to comply with current regulations on occupational safety.

+ Training and complying with the working rules at the construction site.

+ Fully equipped with labor protection equipments.

+ Daily checking and reminding officials and workers.

+ Need to have good health care program with regular medical staffs on construction site.

+ Ensuring the lighting for construction works area at night.

- Traffic accidents:

+ Means of material transportation have to comply with the overload vehicle regulation, and the speed limit regulation.

+ Signboards and instruction signs in the construction site.

+ Carry out first aid and emergency aid to the injured workers and immediately transfer to the nearest hospital or medical center.

- Geological subsidence:

+ Complying with the approved detailed design drawings;

+ Regular weather monitoring to ensure the proper construction schedule;

+ Making prevention and response plans providing against floods and storms;

+ Reinforcing the excavation segments before the rainy season.

+ Not following the localized digging but in the form of rolling, do as far as digging and finishing there;

+ Ensuring the temporary drainage system for drainage of rainwater;

+ Making standby pumps and generators in the construction place.

+ Coordinating with local authorities to prevent and overcome the consequences.

- Landslide of soils and rocks:

+ Having the specific construction plans for the weakening segments, the flooding time;

+ Ensuring the proper operation of local drainage system in the construction site;

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+ Ensuring the standby pumps and generators in the case of needing emergency pumping, water drainage strengthening;

+ Coordinating with local authorities to timely prevent and overcome the consequences of storms and floods.

- Material and solid waste leaks:

+ Warehouse is built on the empty area in the construction site;

+ The floor of the warehouse is higher than the surrounding foundation area;

+ Making the isolation barriers and signboards, instructions on the depots of fuels, chemicals, and solid waste.

- Fire and explosion safety:

+ Strictly complying with the regulations on fire prevention and fire fighting.

+ Installing the fire fighting equipments and making the regulations on fire prevention and fire fighting and developing the disaster response plans.

+ In the events of incidents, it is needed to immediate notification to the concerned individuals and units and fire fighting by the fire fighting equipments in the construction site.

- Impacts of flooding flows:

+ There should be a standby plan for the flood season, cover up materials and machinery and arrange a safe residence for workers;

+ Pumping arrangement to enhance flooding drainage on heavy rain days or low-lying areas should be implemented when occurring the local inundations;

+ Strictly monitoring the local weather and climate;

+ Closely coordinating with the local authorities to prevent and overcome the consequences when occurring the local storms and floods.

7.2.4.2. Operation phase

- Risks of the water leakage at sluice, dam body:

+ It is needed to repair, maintain, and check regularly, periodically in order to timely remedy the damaged places at the time before the rainy season.

+ There are plans to closely prevent and check the whole construction area in the stormy months;

+ Timely reporting to the Sub-project management board and the construction contractor in case of detecting water leakage at sluice, dam body.

- Risks of the dam breakage:

+ Periodic inspection and timely repairs when dams, overflowing spills and outlet sluice are detected.

+ Developing a disaster preparedness plans for the response to the breakage of the dam: (i) Regularly monitor and check the dam status, especially during the rainy season; (ii) Inform local authorities of the state of emergency to inform the public; (iii) mobilize support units (fire brigade, army, red cross) and equipment; (iv) Mobilization of helicopters, boats and transport equipment; (v) preparation of the refuge; (vi) Requesting relocation for the most

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hazardous areas; (vii) coordinate with agencies to overcome the consequences when risk occurs.

+ Complying with the direction of the Flood and Storm Control Board of 13 communes in Son Dong, Luc Nam, Luc Ngan, and Yen The districts of Bac Giang province.

- Falling into reservoirs, drowning

+Equipping warning signs and installation of dangerous warning system on the dam areas.+Disseminating drowning risk to the community along the reservoirs.

7.3 Organization of implementation

7.3.1 Project management

Central level

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) is responsible for implementing and managing the entire project. The provinces carrying out the rehabilitation and improvement of the dam safety under Component 1. MARD will coordinate the activities with the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) under Component 2. The Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) under MARD is responsible for coordinating and monitoring the overall project. The improvement and preparation of dam safety plans, including protection and authorization, are focused on the provincial governments. The Provincial People's Committees and the Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) are the provincial chairmen. The Provincial Project Management Units (PPMU) are responsible for managing and supervising the works with the support from the CPMU.

The CPMU will assist the project implementation via an Environmental and Social Technical Assistance Agency. In addition, the CPMU will hire an independent consultant to evaluate the implementation of the Environmental Safety Policy for the entire subproject, once every 6 months which is selected through a competitive process to provide support and quality assurance for the central level during the project implementation. This includes the support to the CPMU in reviewing, refining when necessary and re-implementing the development framework during the project implementation, which can provide a general framework for the national programs. This process will be considered in accordance with the context of Decree No.72 to assist MARD in establishing necessary systems for the implementation of the National Dam Safety Program.

Provincial level

The People's Committee of Bac Giang province assigned the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) to carry out the subproject in the area, set up the WB8 Project Management Unit (PPMU) to implement the bidding, supervision of construction, resettlement action plan, environmental and social action plan, and these actions must be in line with the overall framework of the overall project. The PPMU will be supported by the CPMU in term of technical assistance, environmental and social consultation. The project implementation organization is outlined in the following diagram.

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(Source: DRSIP Framework, 2015)

Figure 7.1. The flow chart of the project implementation organization

7.3.2 Roles and responsibilities for environmental and social safety management

In terms of the regular investment monitoring activities, the CPMU will carry out the monitoring with the coordination of the local environmental authority to determine whether the subproject implementation meets all requirements of the local environmental and social management framework, socio-environmental impact assessment reports and environmental management plans or not. The agency will also visit the site at various stages of the project to confirm that the Environment Social Management Plans and the environmental and social monitoring plans are being implemented in full. A monitoring report including environmental and social management issues will be included in the overall field report. The designated environmental and social experts are responsible for preparing quarterly and annual reports on major project implementation steps, outputs and results of environmental management actions to be made for all investments throughout the subproject cycle.

The CPMU requests the PPMU to include their corresponding environmental component in their investments, which include important mitigation activities and environmental incidents. The PPMU must integrate the environmental component in all reports prepared for the World Bank.

The Stakeholders should be fully aware of the CESMP implementation mechanism in the subproject investments. This will be very important in supporting and evaluating their roles in the environmental monitoring and the monitoring and evaluation of the subproject activities. The organization diagram during the CESMP implementation is outlined in figure below:

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DONREPPMU

(Environmental and social staff)

Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)

Contractors Community

WB MARD/CPO(Environment safeguard staff, Independent Consultant)

Environmental Division under District People’s Committee

Figure 7.2. The Subproject’s diagram for implementation of Environment

Safeguard Policy

The details of the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders involved in the environmental and social management during the subproject implementation are presented in Table below.

Table 7.5. Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders

Unit Responsibilities

Central Project Management Unit (CPMU)

- The CPMU, on behalf of the Project Owner, MARD will be responsible for monitoring the overall implementation of the subproject, including the compliance with the subproject's environmental and social safeguard policy.

- Responsible for reporting the implementation of the subproject environmental protection policy to the MONRE and the World Bank.

- The CPMU will be assisted in the overall implementation of the Subproject by the Technical Consultant (TA), which will develop a system to properly monitor the social and safety aspects during the subproject implementation.

- The independent monitoring of the third party will carry out regular independent evaluation of the subproject activities. This agency will also assess the compliance with the policy application and the implementation of safety instruments, including environmental management plans/environment code of practices, resettlement policy framework/resettlement action plan, ethnic minority development plan and gender action plan.

Provincial Project Management Unit (PPMU)

- The PPMU will be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the subproject, including the compliance with the subproject's environmental policy. The PPMU will be the final agency responsible for the ESMP implementation and the implementation of the environmental activities of the subproject during the construction and operation phases.

- Specifically, the PPMU will: (i) work closely with the local

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authorities on the community consultation during the project preparation and implementation phases; (ii) oversee the implementation of the ESMP, including the incorporation of CESMP into detailed engineering designs, tender documents and contract documents; (iii) ensure that the environmental management system is well established and functions; (iv) responsible for reporting on the implementation of the ESMP to the CPMU, the DoNRE and the World Bank.

PPMU environmental and social staff (ES)

- The PPMU’s ES is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the World Bank's social and environmental safeguard policies at all subproject stages and during the subproject implementation. Specifically, the environmental staff will be responsible for: (i) assisting the PPMU to integrate ESMP into detailed engineering designs, civil engineering tender documents and contracts; (ii) assisting the PPMU to oversee ESMP and Resettlement Action Plan in accordance with the Terms of Reference, bidding documents and contract documents for Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC), if needed; iii) providing relevant inputs for the consultancy selection process; (iv) reviewing reports submitted by the CSC and the safeguard consultant; (v) conducting periodic field surveys; (vi) supporting the PPMU with the measures to address the social and resettlement issues of the subproject; and vii) developing social and environmental implementation contents in line with the progress and the DD reports to submit to the CPMU and the World Bank.

Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)

- The Construction Supervision Consultant will entrust the Environmental and Social Officers to maintain regular monitoring of all construction activities and ensure that the Contractors comply with the contract requirements and the ECOP. The Construction Supervision Consultant will arrange sufficient number of qualified staff (e.g. Environmental Engineers) with full knowledge of environmental protection and construction project management to perform the required tasks and supervise the Contractors' activities.

- The Construction Supervision Consultant will also assist the PPMU in (i) reporting and maintaining close coordination with local communities, and (ii) strengthening the capacity of civil protection for the construction Contractors.

Bidders Bidders will submit the following additional documents to the bidding documents:Code of Conduct (ESHS)

The Contractor will submit a Code of Conduct that will be applied to employees and subcontractors to ensure the compliance with the contractual environmental, social, health and safety obligations (ESHS).

In addition, the Contractor will make details on how this Code will be implemented. This will include: how it will be incorporated into the conditions of employment/participation, training to be provided, how it will be monitored and how the Contractor proposes to deal with any violation.

Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (MSIP) for Risk Management (ESHS)The Contractor shall submit Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (MSIPs) to manage the following major

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Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) risks:+ Traffic management plan to ensure the safety of local

communities from construction traffic;+ Water resources protection plan to prevent drinking water

pollution;+ Boundary marking and protection strategy for mobilization

and construction to prevent offsite adverse impacts ;+ Strategies to obtain consent/permits prior to the start of of

relevant works such as opening a quarry or borrow pits -.

Contractors

- The Contractors will appoint Environment Safeguard Monitoring Officer to implement the proposed environmental and social mitigation measures in the CESMP.

- The Contractor shall submit to the PPMU/CSC for approval, and then to implement, the Contractor's Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) 8 must be in accordance with the Specific Conditions of the Terms of Contract 16.2, including the agreed Management Strategy and Implementation Plan.

- The Contractors are required to appoint competent individuals who are Site Environmental Safeguard Officers (SSEO), who will be responsible for monitoring the compliance with the Code of Conduct and Management Strategies and Implementation Plans (MSIP) for Risk Management (ESHS).

- Take action to minimize any potential negative impact that is consistent with the objective described in the CESMP.

- Actively discuss with local people and propose actions to prevent disturbance during construction.

- Ensure that all employees and workers to understand their procedures and tasks in the environmental management program.

- Report to the PPMU and the Construction Supervision Consultant about any problems and solutions.

- Report to local authorities and PPMU and Construction Supervision Consultant in the event of environmental incidents and coordinate with the agencies and the stakeholders to address these issues.

Local government, local community

- The local community monitoring boards are set up under the Prime Minister's Decision No.80/2005/QD-CP dated 18 April 2005 on the “Regulation on Community Investment Supervision Mechanism”. The commune community supervision committees have the power and responsibility to supervise construction activities, environment negative impacts caused by construction activities, and the potential negative impact mitigation measures. Ensure that the potential

8 The Contractor shall not be commenced any works, including mobilization and/or pre-construction proceeds (e.g., restricted site clearance for roads, service roads and construction site, geotechnical investigations or investigations to select ancillary features such as quarries and coal mines unless the PPMU is satisfied that appropriate measures are taken to address the risks and environmental, social, health and safety impacts. At least, the Contractor will apply Management Strategies and Implementation Plans and Code of Conduct, submitted as part of the bid and agreed as part of the Contract. The Contractor shall, on a continuing basis, submit to the Subproject Manager for approval of additional Management Strategies and additional Implementation Plans as needed to manage the risks and impacts of the ESHS on the ongoing works. These management strategies and implementation plans cover the entire Contractor's Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP). The C-ESMP will be approved prior to the commencement of the construction activities (e.g. exhumation, earthworks, bridges and structures, streams and roads, exploitation or extraction of materials, mixing concrete and production of asphalt). The approved C-ESMP will be reviewed periodically (but no less frequently than every six months), and updated promptly, as required by the Contractor, to ensure that it is in conformity with the activities to be implemented. The C-ESMP update will require prior approval of the Subproject Manager.

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negative mitigation measures are effectively implemented by the Contractors. In case of environmental problems affecting the community, they will inform the CSC and/or the PPMU.

Provincial People’s Committee, Department of Natural Resources and Environment

- Supervise the implementation of the environmental protection of the Subproject's construction components, ensuring the compliance with the Government's policies and regulations. The DoNRE and MONRE in the districts monitor the compliance with the Government's environmental requirements.

7.4 The compliance with the Environment framework

The duties of the Contractor, Social and Environment Safety Officer (SSEO) and CSC here which are not mentioned in the SPD are required to be included in the Subporject Owner Request (Chapter 7 of the SPD).

7.4.1 Contractor's environmental duties9

Firstly, the Contractor must comply to mitigate potential impacts of construction activities of the Subproject. Secondly, the Contractor must apply the mitigation measures within the framework of the environment and Social Management Plan to prevent damage and disturbance for local communities and the environment due to impacts during the construction and operation phases.

The Contractor is required to submit for approval and then implement the Contractor's Environmental Management and Social Management Plan in accordance with the Specific Conditions of Contract Clause 16.210, including the Management Strategies and Plan Implementation.

9If the Contractor is not performing or does not perform any of the ESHS obligations or works under the Contract, the values of the obligations or works determined by the Project Manager may be withheld until they are implemented and / or repaired or replace. The cost as determined by the Project Manager may be withheld until the repair or replacement is completed. Failure to implement includes, but not limited to, the following:

Failing to comply with any of the ESHS obligations or works described in the Building Requirement, including: working beyond the boundaries of the site, excessive dust, failing to keep public roads in condition safe use, damage to vegetation, water or sediment contamination, soil contamination e.g. from oil, human waste, archaeological damage or cultural heritage characteristics, air pollution due to fire is not allowed and / or is ineffective;

Unregularly reviewing the C-ESMP and / or updating it in a timely manner to address emerging ESHS issues or anticipate risks or impacts;

Not implementing C-ESMP; Having no prior consent / permission before commencing work or related activities; Not submitting ESHS reports (as described in Appendix C of the SPD), or failing to submit reports timely; Not taking remedies under the Engineer's direction for the specified period of time (e.g., correcting non-

compliance).10 The Contractor shall not be commenced any works, including mobilization and/or pre-construction proceeds (e.g., restricted site clearance for roads, service roads and construction site, geotechnical investigations or investigations to select ancillary features such as quarries and coal mines unless the PPMU is satisfied that appropriate measures are taken to address the risks and environmental, social, health and safety impacts. At least, the Contractor will apply Management Strategies and Implementation Plans and Code of Conduct, submitted as part of the bid and agreed as part of the Contract. The Contractor shall, on a continuing basis, submit to the Subproject Manager for approval of additional Management Strategies and additional Implementation Plans as needed to manage the risks and impacts of the ESHS on the ongoing works. These management strategies and implementation plans cover the entire Contractor's Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP). The C-ESMP will be approved prior to the commencement of the construction activities (e.g. exhumation, earthworks, bridges and structures, streams and roads, exploitation or extraction of materials, mixing concrete and production of asphalt). The approved C-ESMP will be reviewed periodically (but no less frequently than every six months), and updated promptly, as required by the Contractor, to ensure that it is in conformity with the activities to be implemented. The C-ESMP update will require prior approval of the Subproject Manager.

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The remedial actions that can not be carried out during the construction process must be carried out at the completion of the construction (and before the acceptance of the completion of a work). The tasks of the Contractor include, but are not limited to:

- The compliance with the legal requirements relating to the environment, safety and public health.

- Working within the scope of contract requirements and other bidding conditions.

- Establishment of representatives of construction teams that participate in the joint inspections conducted by the Environmental Safety Officers of the PPMU and the CSC.

- Coordinating with the functional units which are responsible for conducting periodic environmental monitoring according to the ESIA.

- Coordinating with the PPMU to conduct training and dissemination of social and environmental safety policies for officials and workers on site.

- Carrying out any corrective actions as directed by the Environmental Officers of the PPMU and the CSC.

- If there is a case of non-compliance or falsification, the investigation and submission of options on mitigating measures should be carried out and measures are taken to minimize environment impacts.

- Stopping obstructing construction activities when receiving instructions from the Environmental Safety Officers of the PPMU and the CSC; proposing and implementing remedial measures and alternative construction methods to minimize environment impacts. If the Contractor fails to comply with the above requirements, the Contractor will be suspended from work or receive penalties until the matter is resolved and the PPMU and CSC’s approvals are obtained.

7.4.2 The Contractor’s Safety, Social and Environmental Officers

The Contractor is required appointing competent staff, including the Safety, Social and Environmental Officers (SSEOs). The SSEOs must be adequately trained in environmental management and provided with necessary skills to transfer environmental management knowledge to all staff involved into the contract. The SSEOs will be responsible for monitoring the Contractor’s compliance with the ESMP requirements and the environmental requirements. The assignments of the SSEOs will include but is not limited to the following:

- Organizing the inspection of the environment current state to assess and inspect the status of the Contractor’s construction site, Contractor’s equipment and construction methods related to pollution control and mitigation measures to environmental impacts, which is fully realized or not;

- Monitoring the compliance with environmental protection measures, pollution prevention and control measures and contract requirements;

- Assisting the functional units to periodically monitor the environment according to the ESIA content;

- Monitoring the implementation of environmental mitigation measures;

- Preparing audit reports on environmental conditions at site;

- Investigating complaints and proposing corrective measures;

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- Advising the Contractor on environmental improvement, awareness and measures to prevent immediate pollution;

- Proposing appropriate mitigation measures for the Contractor in case of non-compliance; Implementing additional monitoring of non-compliance under the instructions of the PPMU environmental officers and the CSC;

- Notifying the Contractor and environmental staff (PPMU and CSC staff) of environmental issues; submitting the Contractor’s ESMP to the environmental staff of PPMU and CSC, and other concerned agencies, if necessary;

- Maintaining detailed records of all site activities related to the environment.

7.4.3 Environmental and social monitoring during construction

During the construction process, the CSC who are able to report to the PPMU will carry out the environmental and social monitoring. The CSC will assign environmental and social staff who will be responsible for monitoring and supervising all construction activities to ensure that the mitigation measures selected in the CESMP are properly implemented and the negative environmental and social impacts caused by the Subproject are minimized. The CSC will hire environmental and social monitoring engineers with knowledge of project management, construction and environmental and social management to perform the required responsibilities and supervise the implementation of the Contractor. In particular, the CSC’s environmental and social staff will:

- On behalf of the PPMU, review and evaluate if the construction design meets the CESMP's requirements for mitigation and management measures;

- Supervise the Contractor's environmental and social management at the site including the implementation, experience and ability to address environmental and social issues on site and providing guidance on correction;

- Review the Contractor's CESMP, verifying and confirming the environmental and social monitoring procedures, parameters, monitoring sites, equipment and results;

- Report on the implementation of the CESMP to the PPMU and preparation of environmental and social monitoring reports during construction phase.

7.4.4 Compliance with contract and legal requirements

The construction activities not only comply with the environmental protection and pollution control requirements of the contracts but also comply with the Law on Environmental Protection and Pollution Control of the Vietnamese Government.

All Contractors’ reports on construction methods submitted to the CSC and the PPMU for approval must provide with adequate measures to control pollution and protect the environment.

The CSC and the PPMU will also review the progress and program of the works to verify that the relevant environmental laws are violated and to possibly prevent any one who manage to break the law.

The Contractors must copy the documents related to the SSEO and the ES of the CSC and the PPMU. The documents must at least include updated work progress reports, updated construction methods, and other licensing applications under the Environmental Protection Law and all valid permits/licenses. The Environmental and social staff of the CSC and the PPMU will also have right to access to the website logbook upon request.

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After reviewing the documents, the environmental and social staff of the CSC and the PPMU will advise the PPMU and the Contractor on any non-compliance with the contractual and legal requirements relating to the environmental protection and pollution control so that they can continue the next actions. If the environmental and social staff of the CSC and the PPMU conclude that the status of the permit application and any environmental protection and pollution control activities may not be consistent with the works or may lead to violations of environmental protection and pollution control requirements, they will promptly notify the Contractor and the PPMU.

7.4.5 Reporting

In addition to the progress reports, the Contractor shall also provide reports on the Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) data set out in Appendix B to the Standard Bidding Document (SPD). In addition to the reports in Appendix B, the Contractor shall immediately notify the PPMU of any incidents in the following groups. Full details of these incidents will be provided to the PPMU within the time agreed upon with the PPMU.

- Confirmation or any act which is likely to violate law or any international agreement;

- Any death or serious injury (time damage);

- Significant adverse effects or damage to personal property (e.g. car accidents, damage caused by flying stones, working outside the boundaries)

- Severe pollution of groundwater or damage to or destruction of habitats or endangering rare species (including protected areas); or

- Any allegations of sexual harassment or sex offenses, child abuse, defamation, or other violations related to the child.

Table 7.6. Reporting requirements

No. Reported by Submitted by Report frequency

1 Contractors CSCImmediately reporting specific issues and monthly issues with wider violation issues

2 Construction Supervision Consultant PPMU Immediately or monthly

4 Community monitoring boards PPMU

When the community has any complaints about the implementation of the subproject safety policy

5 PPMU

Provincial DONRE and

Central Project Management

Unit

Once every six months in compliance with the Government's environmental regulatory requirements

6 PPMU WBOnce every six months in compliance with Section II of the Loan Agreement.

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7.5 Grievance redress mechanism

All complaints related to any subproject issues will be resolved through negotiations to reach consensus. The complaints will go through three stages before appealing to the courts. The agencies in charge of complaint settlement will pay all administrative and legal fees related to the acceptance of complaints. This cost is included in the Subproject budget.

7.5.1 Procedures for complaints and settlement

(i) The People's Committees at commune levels (CPCs): The affected people can bring their complaints to any members of the CPCs through the village heads or directly to the CPCs in writing or orally. The members of the CPCs or the village heads will inform the CPCs of the complaints. The CPCs will work directly with the affected people who complains and decide on the reconciliation/settlement within 5 days of receiving the complaints (about 15 days for the mountains and remote areas). The secretaries of the CPCs are responsible for filing and archiving documentation of all complaints that the CPCs handle.

After decisions are made by the CPCs, the concerned households can make complaints against within 30 days. In the case of the second decisions made by the CPCs, if the households are still unsatisfied with the decisions, they can appeal to the superior people's committees in accordance with the complaint procedure stipulated in the Law on Complaint in 2011 and related documents.

(ii) The District People's Committees (DPCs): When there are complaints, the DPCs will have a period of 15 days (or 30 days for mountains and remote areas) to resolve them. The DPCs are responsible for filing and archiving documentation of all complaints that they handle.

When the DPCs issued decisions, the complainants can appeal again within 30 days. In the case of the second decisions made by the DPCs, if the households are still unsatisfied with the decisions, they can appeal to the provincial people's committee in accordance with the complaint procedure stipulated in the Law on Complaint in 2011 and related documents.

(iii) The Provincial People's Committee (PPC): The PPC has a period of 30 days (or 45 days for mountains and remote areas) from the date of receipt of the complaints to settle. The PPC is responsible for filing and archiving documentation of all complaints that it handles.

After the PPC issued decisions, the complainants can appeal again within 45 days. In the case of the second decisions made by the PPC, if the households are still unsatisfied with the decisions, they can appeal to the court within 45 days. The PPC will have to pay compensation costs to an account.

(iv)The Provincial Court. When the complainants take their cases to the provincial court and the rules of the court are favourable to the complainants, the provincial authorities will increase the compensation to a level that the court can approve. In the case that the court judgments are favourable to the PPC, the complainants will be reimbursed the charges they paid to the court.

The complaint decisions must be sent to the complainants and the involved parties and publicly posted up at the offices of the people's committees of the competent levels. The complainants will receive the judgments three days at the commune level and seven days at the district or provincial levels after there are decisions on the settlement of their complaints.

To minimize the number of complaints at the provincial level, the PPMU will coordinate with Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam and Yen The District Compensation Committees to organize

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the consultations on the complaint settlement. Its role and capacity is to provide compensation, assistance and resettlement to affected households and displaced persons.

Personnel: The environmental and resettlement staff selected by the PPMU will design and maintain a database on the subproject complaints from affected households, including information like the nature of the complaints, the sources and dates of receipt of the complaints, the names and addresses of the complainants, the action plans, and the current status.

For verbal complaints, the agency that settle complaints will record these requests in a complaint form at the first meeting with the affected households.

7.5.2 Contractors and Construction Supervision Consultant

Beside, during the construction process, the grievance redress mechanism will be managed by the Contractors under the supervision of the CSC. The Contractors will inform affected communities the availability of the grievance redress mechanism to resolve grievances and concerns regarding to the Subproject. This will be done through a community consultation and disclosure process whereby the Contractors will regularly communicate with affected communities and relevant agencies. The meetings will be held quarterly, monthly at least. The subproject information flyers will be announced. The announcements will be made on the local media and announcements that the upcoming activities will be posted.

All complaints and actions taken by the Contractors will be recorded in the subproject monitoring reports. Complaints and claims for damages may be made in the following forms:

- By word of mouth: directly to the CSC and/or the Contractor's security guards or regional office representatives.

- In writing: by hand or by posts to specific addresses.

- By telephone, fax, e-mail: to CSC, security guards or Contractor's representative.

When a complaint is received, the CSC and Contractor's safeguard officers or representatives will file the complaint and record incidents subsequent to the complaint until it is settled. Immediately after receiving complaint, it is necessary to make 04 copies. The original will be kept in the file, 01 copy will be kept by the Contractor's safeguard officer, 01 copy will be sent to the CSC and 01 copy will be sent to the PPMU within 24 hours of receipt of the complaint.

The complain information recorded will include:

- Dates and hours of complaints.

- Names, addresses and contact details of complainants.

- Brief descriptions of complaints.

- The actions taken to resolve complaints, including contact persons and findings at each stage of complaint settlement process.

- Dates and hours when complainants are contacted during the resolution process.

- Final decisions about complaints.

- Dates, times and how complainants were informed.

- Signatures of complainants when making decisions.

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Small-scale claims will be resolved within a week. Within two weeks (and every week thereafter), the written response will be sent to the complainants (manual, post, fax, e-mail) which states the procedures to be followed and the process by date.

The main objective is to solve the problem as quickly as possible by the simplest means, involving as few persons as possible and at the lowest possible level. Only if the problem can not be solved at the simplest level and/or within 15 days, other functional agencies will participate. Such situations may arise, for example, where damages are claimed, the volume of claims can not be resolved, or the causes of damages are determined.

7.5.3 The World Bank’s Grievance Redress Mechanism

The World Bank Grievance Redress Mechanism: Individuals and communities can believe that if a subproject funded by the World Bank adversely affects their lives, they may file complaints to that subproject grievance mechanism or the World Bank's grievance redress committee. The World Bank's grievance redress committee ensures that complaints are addressed in a timely manner related to the subproject. Individuals or organizations affected by the subproject may file complaints with the World Bank Inspectorate to determine if any damage occurs or may occur, as a result of failing to complying with the World Bank policies and procedures. Complaints may be made at any time. When the matter is of concern to the World Bank, the PPMU will have responsibility to answer. For more information on how to file a complaint with the WB’s grievance redress committee, please visit www.worldbank.org/grs. For more information on how to file a complaint with the World Bank Inspectorate, please visit www.inspectionpanel.org.

7.6 ESMP implementation plan

7.6.1 Contractor's Social and Environmental Management Plan

As soon as the contracts are signed, based on the ESIA report, the subproject construction methodology, the construction plans which are approved by the CSC and the PPMU, the Contractors prepare the ESMP of their packages and submit to the PPMU for review and approval.

Once the ESMPs are approved, the Contractors will implement measures to minimize environmental and social impacts on site.

The ESMP information will be posted at the workers’ camps and workplaces to disseminate information about mitigation measures for workers.

The Contractors post information of mitigation measures at the entrances of the sites, including the addresses, representatives, phone numbers of the parties involved for the local community to follow and contact as necessary.

Assign staff responsible for environment safety; train knowledge on environment safety and workers’ health.

Survey, check the environmental status at site, and report to CSC/PPMU if there are significant differences compared to the environment.

Sign contracts with authorized units for treatment of daily-life wastes, hazardous wastes, and supply of clean water.

Manage workers and construction equipment and issue new certificates in case of expiration.

Implement the ESMP and update, submit to the CSC/PPMU for approval if changes are made prior to application.

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http://www.inspectionpanel.org/

Collaborate with the CSC/PPMU to resolve complaints from people about environmental issues and the safety of the packages in a timely manner.

Report on the implementation of the monthly ESMP.

7.6.2 Start up the sub-project and personnel

The Contractor's Environmental Safety Officers must be trained in the relevant regulations, have certificates of occupational health and safety, and are full-time employees on site.

The provision of training on occupational health and safety for workers and the regular inspection of the health and safety service on site must be implemented.

7.7 Capacity building and training

7.7.1 Training on safeguard policy

Since the PPMU have implemented projects funded by the World Bank, some PPMU staff may have a clear understanding of the World Bank’s safeguard policy requirements. The PPMU has appointed an officer to be responsible for the environmental safety of the Subproject. This environmental officer has participated in some safety training courses organized by the World Bank and the CPMU at the early stage of the subproject implementation. Training and capacity development, however, is required annually through technical assistance of the World Bank’s Safeguard Policy Officers addressing new safeguard policy requirements. Because the new environmental, social, health and safety (ESHS) requirements are set out in the standard bidding documents, the training in the ESHS requirements will be provided by the World Bank’s Safeguard Policy Officers to the environmental and social staff of the PPMU, the CSC and the environmental and social staff of the Contractors as soon as they are mobilized. The PPMU will be responsible for organizing the training compatible with the World Bank’s Safeguard Policy Officers.

Such training courses will be held at the beginning of the Subproject to ensure that the CESMP is properly integrated into the bidding documents (subsequently are the contracts). Technical assistance should be provided by experienced staff and the skills of construction supervision consultants in accordance with the terms of reference which encompass specific references to the development of the items of the request of the Subproject Owner on the standard tender documents.

7.7.2 Training on occupational safety and health

The provisions will be made to provide occupational safety and health training for all new employees to ensure that they are informed of the site's basic workplace conditions and work practices to protect personal and prevent injuries to their colleagues.

The training will include perceptions on basic hazards, specific hazards, safe work practices, and emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disasters, which must be practice properly. Any specific hazards or color codes to be used will be considered thoroughly as part of the training orientation.

7.7.3 Orientation of visitors

If visitors are allowed accessing to the areas with hazardous conditions or substance presence, visitor orientation and control program will be established to ensure that they do not enter dangerous areas without the accompanying persons.

7.7.4 Training contractors and new workers

The PPMU will ensure that workers and contractors, before undertaking new jobs, receive adequate training and information so that they can understand the hazards at work and protect

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themselves from the hazards which may occur. The training will include:

- Understanding about materials, equipment and tools

- Understanding about the hazards of operation and how to control them

- Potential risks to health

- Alerts to prevent exposure

- Sanitary requirements

- Wearing and using protective clothing and equipment

- Actions to severe operating conditions, incidents and accidents

7.7.5 Training on basic occupational health and safety

A basic training program and intensive courses will be deployed as needed to ensure that workers are oriented towards the specific hazards of individual work tasks. The training will generally be provided to managers, supervisors, workers, and occasional visitors to risk and hazardous areas.

Workers with first aid and rescue obligations receive special training not to exacerbate the exposure and health hazards to themselves and their colleagues. Training will include the risk of transmitting diseases through blood due to contact with body tissues and body fluids.

Through appropriate contractual terms and monitoring, the PPMU will ensure that service providers as well as contractual workers and subcontractual workers are adequately trained before commencement of their works.

The PPMU will be responsible for coordinating with the construction supervision consultants and the contractor's social environment officers to organize the training courses mentioned above.

7.8. Environmental monitoring plan

7.8.1. Monitoring the compliance with mitigation measures

The PPMU and the CSC will monitor the compliance of the standards. The PPMU and the CSC will monitor the Contractors’ activities in accordance with the agreed mitigation measures. The results are summarized in the monthly reports.

Local authorities and communities in 13 reservoir areas will perform monitoring tasks in accordance with the Government’s regulations, the Law on Environmental Protection 2014 and Decree No.80/2005/ND-CP regarding the regulations on investment community monitoring.

In addition, the Contractors’ environmental safety staff will be responsible for day-to-day monitoring of labor safety and environmental sanitation and reporting to the CSC.

The detailed monitoring plans will be prepared during the detailed design phase. Expenditures for the monitoring program will be included in the cost of the CESMP implementation.

7.8.2 Monitoring environment quality

(a) Periodic monitoring

An environmental monitoring program for the air quality, soil and water supply information can be used to assess the effectiveness of pollution management strategies. A systematic planning process is recommended to ensure that the collected data is appropriate to their

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intended purpose (and to avoid unnecessary data collection). This process, sometimes referred to as the process of data quality objectives, determines the purpose of data collection, decisions based on data and consequences of making wrong decisions, time and place boundaries, quality and data required to make a correct decision. The environmental monitoring program will consider the following factors:

• Monitoring parameters: The selected monitoring parameters should reflect disturbing pollutants related to the subproject processes.

• Basic calculations: Prior to the construction of the Subproject, monitoring the environment quality in the ambient and in the subproject area should be carried out to assess the contamination level of the main pollutants to distinguish between the conditions of the current surrounding environment and impacts related to the Subproject.

• Type and frequency of monitoring: The ambient environmental quality data generated through monitoring program should represent contaminated pollutants caused by the Subproject by time. The time and monitoring frequency can also be arranged from continuous to infrequent, monthly, quarterly or yearly occurrence.

• Monitoring locations: Monitoring the ambient environmental quality may be external or within the subproject area by the Subproject Owner, DONRE, or by the cooperation among the parties. The locations of the monitoring stations should be established based on the results of scientific methods and mathematical models to estimate potential impacts on the receptors from emission sources, taking into account such aspects as the locations of the communities which are likely affected.

• Sampling and analysis methods: The monitoring programs should use national or international methods for sample collection and analysis, such as those published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The sampling must be conducted by or under the supervision of the trained staff. The analysis will be by authorized or certified entities for this purpose. The quality control plans (QA/QC) should be documented to ensure that the quality of data is consistent with the intended use of the data (for example, the method limits detection to less than the level of interest). The monitoring reports should include QA/QC documents.

The noise monitoring programs can be useful for the purpose of setting the ambient noise level, which is present in the proposed subproject area or useful for checking the noise level at the operation phase. The noise monitoring programs should be designed and implemented by trained professionals. Typical monitoring cycles should be sufficient for statistical analysis and may last up 48 hours in parallel with the noise monitoring devices to to able to record continuous data during this time period, or by hour, or more often, if appropriate (or include different time periods for several days, including weekdays and weekends). Sound indicator types are recorded depending on the types of noise which is being tracked and are determined by the noise specialists. The equipment should be placed about 1.5m from the ground and not closer than 3m to any reflective surfaces (e.g. walls). In general, the noise level is limited by the level of ambient noise or the level of baseline noise in the absence of the noise source which is being investigated.

The details are shown in the table below:

Table 7.7: Environmental monitoring plan for construction phase

No. Description Paramete

r Method Frequency Total Standard/Responsibility

1 Air and noise Monitor dust TSP, CO, - Measure once every 78 - QCVN

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concentration and some toxic matter generated during the

construction phase which may affect

workers and local

residents

NO2, SO2; LAeq; LAMax

(06 parameter)

at the transport route, especially the section located inside residential area and construction site

three months during

contruction phare of 13 reservoirs

05:2013/BTNMT;QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT.- Responsibility: Project owner and contractor

2 Surface water Monitor the change of water quality in the reservoir and in the irrigation canals.

pH, DO, Turbidity, COD, BOD5, NH4

+-N, coliform(07 parameter)

Field survey and sample analysis in laboratory

once every three

months during

contruction phare of 13 reservoirs

78

QCVN 08-MT:2015/ BTNMT, Column B1- Responsibility: Project owner and contractor

The average duration of repairing and upgrading reservoirs items under the Subproject is 12 months per a reservoir. The periodic sampling locations coincide with the sampled locations during the ESIA implementation. In the implementation process, depending on the construction conditions, we change environmental monitoring locations to suit the reality. The detailed estimated cost are given in Appendixes.

Table 7.8: Environmental monitoring plan

Mitigation measures Parameters Location Method Frequency Responsibility Cost

Pre-construction phase

1.1.Implementing Resettlement Action plan

The number of affected households has been compensated Complaint arising relating to compensation and benefit

Affected area Observation

Monthly or having the complaint from affected households

Provincial Project Management Board

A part of RAP expenses

Contruction phase

1.1. Control water quality

TurbidityMeasuring the volume of oil, odor and other waste water. Rubbish on the flow

13 reservoirs under sub-project and other flow near construction site

Observation, interview

Weekly after heavy rain or when having the feedback of local people

ContractorInvolved in contract

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1.2 Minimizing dust arising

The number of concentrated dust

At the nearest residential area andConstruction area of 13 reservoirs

Survey, interview

Monthly or when having the feedback of local people

Contractor

Involved in execution contract

1.3 Minimizing noise arising

Noise level

At the nearest residential area andConstruction area of 13 reservoirs

Survey, interview


Contractor

Involved in execution contract

1.4 Traffic safety

The number of accident and accident reason The slow traffic time that affected by construction

- The road near residential area

Survey

Weekly or when having the feedback of local people

The local road management agency

Involved in execution contractLocal budget

1.5. Solid waste management

Clean level of tentsThe volume of rubbish

Worker’s tent Observe


Contractor

Involved in construction contract

1.6 Asset management

Complaint of local people relating to construction activities of workers

Worker’s tent The residential area near construction site/tents

Survey, interview Weekly Contractor


1.7. The health and safety of local residents

The number of labor accident at construction siteThe number of work postponed due to accident or

Construction site;Construction site near residential area of 13 reservoirs, where

Observe and interview

Monthly Contractor Involved in construction contract

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disease

having material transport lorries go through)

1.8. Construction rubbish management

The volume of dug soilThe volume of reused dug soilThe volume of dug soil has been moved to dumping yardThe amount of material and other waste from construction siteRubbish from worker’s tents

Construction siteWorker’s tentDumping yard

Survey or interview


Contractor


Operation phase

1.1 Risks on dam

The leakage points of damThe number of dam break/overflow

Whole dam

Observe and interview Once every

six months

Operation management unit

State’s budget

1.2 Landslide in flood season

Number of landslide places Frequency of landslide

Whole dam

Observe and interview


Operation management unit

State’s budget

(b) Incident monitoring

The purpose of this monitoring is to assess the soil and water pollution levels caused by sudden discharge like discharge of wastewater and oil into nearby water and soil sources and to make timely pollution control decisions to reduce environmental risk.

An incident monitoring plan will be developed by the CSC in the initial stage of the subproject implementation and submitted to the PPMU for approval. This plan identifies the potential environmental risks associated with the discharge of waste, like waste oil and wastewater, into nearby water bodies. The plan also identifies resources to monitor this issue,

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such as personnel, equipment, location and monitoring parameters, analytical methods, dedicated laboratories, and cost estimates.

(iii) Dam safety monitoring

Once the water is accumulated and the dams start operating, the dam owners are responsible for monitoring the dam safety. This task is done by qualified independent specialists who are not involved in the investigation, design, construction or operation of the dams. After the dams are in normal operation, the regular inspection stages take place, including safety inspection of the dams before and after annual flood season in accordance with Government Decree No. 72/2007/ND-CP on Dam Safety Management.

7.9. Estimated cost

The estimated cost for the CESMP monitoring is given in the table below. The cost for implementing mitigation measures will be included in the construction costs.

Table 7.9. Estimated costs for CESMP implementation monitoring and training

No. Items Cost (VND) USD

1 Monitoring of CESMP implementation 503,955,000 21,74

2 Capacity strengthening 312,000,000 13,4593 Gender action plan 360,100,000 15,534

Total 1,176,055,000 50,733

The community involvement in the ESIA implementation is voluntary for the benefit of the community and people themselves. Therefore, people participating in the CESMP monitoring will not be paid. However in order to encourage the community participation, the cost of materials and tools should be allocated to the monitoring activities to support selected community members to participate in the monitoring. According to Decision No.80/2005/QD-TTg dated 18/4/2005 by the Prime Minister on the Regulation on Investment Community Supervision and the Joint Circular guiding the implementation of Decision No.80/2005/QD-TTg: "The cost of investment community supervision in the communes/wards is included in the estimated cost of the budget of the Fatherland Front at the commune level and deducted from the commune/district budget and financial support for dissemination, training courses, guidelines, preliminary and final reports. The provincial and district levels will reimburse from the cost estimate of the Front Fatherland at the provincial/district levels, which is deducted from the provincial budget".

The table below summaries the funding flow for the environmental quality monitoring and capacity building during the implementation of Bac Giang Subproject.

Table 7.10. Funding for CESMP monitoring

Contents Bac Giang Subproject’s component costs

Funding sources

(a) Minimization during construction Part of the construction contract WB

(b) Control of safeguard policy during construction

Part of the cost of the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)

WB

(c) PPMU in charge of Part of the cost of the PPMU Counterpart funding

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environmental safeguard policy

(d) Monitoring environmental quality Cost of renting environmental monitoring WB

General assessment:Repairing and upgrading of 13 reservoirs in Bac Giang province can cause some negative environmental and social impacts in the communes of the Subproject area. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the environmental and social management plan in order to implement mitigation measures for negative impacts, as well as to clarify responsibilities of stakeholders. The following is a summary table of the mitigation measures and the responsibilities of stakeholders.

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Table 7.11. Summary of negative impact mitigation measure and responsibilities of stakeholders of the Subproject

Environmental and Social Issues Mitigation Measures Location Applied

StandardsMitigation

CostsImplementing

AgencyMonitoring Agency

I. Pre-construction phaseDust, noise, waste arising from site clearance activities

- The clearance site needs to be watered to minimize dust.- Using standard machines to ensure safe and quiet operation. - Wastewater is pre-treated through by automatic toilets and classified waste by collection unit.

Construction area

Circular and national technical regulations at the

present time

Compensation and site clearance cost

Affected homeowners

PPMU and local communities

Land acquisitions are 1.71ha and 105 AHs.

- Propaganda on the work of implementing in right obligations and the law of the state.- Publicity of details compensation cost of each type of damage to affected households.- Payment of compensation to the right subjects, on schedule.- Coordinate with local authorities if there is a dispute to ensure the smooth process of site clearance.

The entire subproject area to be affected

Land Law No. 45/2013/QH13, relevant decrees

and circulars

VND1,974,000,000

District People's

Committee and Commune people’s

committee of the Subproject

PPMU and local communities

Risks from UXO (unexploded ordnance)

- Ensure safe distance and warnings for people in implementating process and implementating in right with QCVN 01: 2012/BQP-National technical regulations on clearance of explosive ordnance and QCVN 02: 2008/BCT- National technical standards on safety in transportation, preservation, use and destruction of

QCVN 01:2012/BQP

QCVN 02:2008/BCT


Demining cost specialized military unit

PPC

226


StandardsMitigation

CostsImplementing


industrial explosive materials. - National technical regulation on safety in transportation, preservation, use and destruction of industrial explosive materials

BQP

Public security in subproject areas

Workers at the Sub-project site must register temporary immigration at the relevant local Commune People’s committees under the Sub-project. Communicate to enhance awareness and goog living stypy for workers and establish good and close relationship with local community.

Construction area

Included in the construction

costsContractor PPC

II. Construction phaseThe general environmental and social negative impacts are related to construction activities and specific impacts of 13 reservoirs under Subproject

- Environmental Practices (ECOP)- Measures to mitigate site-specific impacts of 13 reservoirs

All affected subproject areas include construction sites, transport routes, material mines

Laws, decrees, circulars and current national technical regulations

Guiding to the Environment, Health and Safety of the World Bank Group

Included in the construction costs

Contractor

PPMU, CSC, independent monitoring

consultant of the CMPU, Provincial

Department of Natural Resources and Environment, local communities,

III. Operation phaseDomestic wastewater and

- Management houses when constructed must have three boxes toilets and meet

Construction area

Decree No.38/2015/ND-

Operating cost Dam owners Department of Agricultural and

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StandardsMitigation

CostsImplementing


solid waste of management and operation works

hygienic standards. - Install waste bins in management houses. - Communicate to enhance awareness of managers of reservoirs on environmental protection

CP of the reservoir Rural Development

Disruption of water supply by repair and upgrading

- Inform the local authorities and people about the situation and the repair shedule of reservoir. - Select the correct time for repair and upgrading when agricultural production is less using water irrigation.-The repair and upgrading activities are necessary to ensure the progress as shedule so as not to affect the production.

Reservoir area and

downstream area


CP

Operating cost of the reservoir Dam owners

Department of Agricultural and

Rural Development

228


StandardsMitigation

CostsImplementing


Risks of Flooding discharge and dam broken

- The O&M unit would coordinate closely with local people to receive report on time when there is a risk related to dam safety then take active and proper action to respond to certain situation.- Develop flooding map for downstream area. The flooding discharge plan must be announced to local people at least 1 day before actual implementation to minimize damage caused.- Build safety corridor for flood protection based on impact forecast scenarios - The O&M unit must announce accurately and on time the flood discharge plan to help local people having on time response actions.- Monitor and regulate water reasonably in rainy seasons - Local authority and people should have plan to actively respond to disasters.

Reservoir area and

downstream area


CP

Operating cost of the reservoir Dam owners

Department of Agricultural and

Rural Development

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CHAPTER 8: PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

8.1. Public consultation objectives

- To get the consent of the relevant agencies, local governments and communities in the subproject implementation.

- To share information about the scope of the project and its impacts to the environment and society.

- To encourage the participation of the community for determining the environmental impacts of the project.

- To collect information about the requirement and the responsibility of the local resident and local authority on the proposing mitigation measures of the subproject owner, or to consider adjustments during the pre-construction investment phase of the project.

8.2. The participants and methodology of consultation meetings

- The participants of consultation meetings:

The ESIA consultant held consultation meetings at provincial and district levels as well as at 13 communes of the sub-project, with the following participants:

+ At provincial level: Representatives of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development; Representatives of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment; Representatives of the Department of Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs; Representatives of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism; Representatives of the Provincial Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs.

+ At district level: Representatives of the Agriculture and Rural Development Division; Representatives of the Natural Resources and Environment Division; Representatives of the Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs Division; Representatives of the Culture Division; Representatives of Ethnic Minority Division; Representatives of Economic and Infrastructure Division and Representatives of Irrigation Works Management and Exploitation Companies.

+ At communal level: Representatives of Communal People's Committees; Representatives of Commune-level Vietnam Fatherland Front Committees and other organizations (the war veteran’s associations, the women’s unions, the youth’s unions); Representatives of the heads of villages that having reservoirs; Households that had been directly affected/ benefited from the subproject.

Table 8.1. List of participants attending consultation meetings

No. Locality Meeting place Time of meeting

Number of participants

I Provincial consultation The Management Board of Agriculture and Rural Development Investment Projects of Bac Giang

17/4/2018 7

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province.

II District and communal consultations

1 Son Dong district The People’s Committee of Son Dong district 17/4/2018 8

Long Son communeThe People’s Committee of Long Son commune

17/4/2018and

18/6/201843

Vinh Khuong communeThe People’s Committee of Vinh Khuong commune

17/4/2018and

18/6/201841

2 Luc Ngan district The People’s Committee of Luc Ngan district 18/4/2018 7

Bien Dong communeThe People’s Committee of Bien Dong commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201842

Quy Son communeThe People’s Committee of Quy Son commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201844

Tan Hoa communeThe People’s Committee of Tan Hoa commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201846

Tru Huu communeThe People’s Committee of Tru Huu commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201840

3 Luc Nam district The People’s Committee of Luc Nam district 19/4/2018 6

Truong Son communeThe People’s Committee of Truong Son commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201842

Nghia Phuong communeThe People’s Committee of Nghia Phuong commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201841

Huyen Son communeThe People’s Committee of Huyen Son commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201842

Bao Son communeThe People’s Committee of Bao Son commune

20/4/2018and

21/6/201844

Dong Phu communeThe People’s Committee of Dong Phu commune

18/4/2018 and

19/6/201840

4 Yen The district The People’s Committee of Yen The district 20/4/2018 7

Dong Huu commune The People’s Committee of Dong Huu commune

20/4/2018and

43

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21/6/2018

Dong Vuong communeThe People’s Committee of Dong Vuong commune

20/4/2018and

21/6/201841

- Methodology of consultation meetings:

Conducting the consultation meetings with the above participants, including local authorities, other local socio-political organizations, households that had been directly affected/ benefited from the subproject. Comments and viewpoints of participants had been given after the summary report was presented by the Project Owner: Overview of the main contents and categories of the subproject, source of implementation capital. The consultant presents the socio-economic impacts of the subproject, especially its negative impacts, and then recommends the mitigation measures as well as the plans for environmental and social monitoring. Environmental and social issues that had taken place in the past have also been consulted during the meetings.

8.3. Summary of consultation results

During the period from April and June of 2018, the ESIA consultant conducted one consultation meeting stage at provincial and district levels and two consultation meeting stages in 13 communes in the project area. The main contents are the general introduction to the implementation capital source of the project, the program of the project, the summary of the proposed technical solutions and the environmental and social impacts as well as the negative impacts mitigation measures during the construction and operation activities, consulting with the local representatives and local communities on the impacts and mitigation measures in the process of preparation, construction and operation. After the consultations, local opinions were directly listened and recognized by the Management Board and the ESIA consultant.

The general opinions of the agencies, local authorities and communities are summarized as follows:

1. During the implemention of the project, it is necessary to use local available materials and to recruit local labours in order to contribute to demand stimulating economic development for the project area.

2. The transportation of materials must ensure the commitments on safety and on environmental protection which committed by the project owner.

3. During the construction process, the road damage must be repaired on time.

4. Project owner is required to monitor and promptly deal with environmental pollution.

5. Don’t have any effect to the people community health in the project area.

6. Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to fully implement the signed environmental protection commitments, and absolutely not affect the local living environment and social order and security assumptions in the local project area.

7. Compensation plans should be reasonable, and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people using their economic supporting resources in changing their careers and in their other large business activities.

8. The construction works must be completed following the proposed schedule and must be

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ensured the construction quality in order to bring the highest effectiveness for the people in the project area.

Table 8.2. Some comments recorded during the consultation meetings

No. Comments of the participants

Feedback from the PPMU and consultants

I Representatives of provincial departmentsa Issues related to the natural environment

- During the implemention of the project, it is necessary to use local available materials and to recruit local labours in order to contribute to demand stimulating economic development for the project area.- Project owner is required to monitor and promptly deal with environmental pollution in order to not effect to the people community health in the project area.

- The PPMU agrees with this comments.- The PPMU will have measures to supervise the Contractor so that during the construction process it will not affect the households

b Issues related to the social environment- Using local available materials and recruiting local labours in order to contribute to demand stimulating economic development for the project area.- The construction works must be completed following the proposed schedule and must be ensured the construction quality in order to bring the highest effectiveness for the people in the project area.

- The PPMU agrees with this comment.

II Representatives of district divisions1 For Son Dong districta Issues related to the natural environment

- The transportation of materials must ensure the commitments on safety and on environmental protection which committed by the project owner. During the construction process, the road damage must be repaired on time.- Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to fully implement the signed environmental protection commitments.


b Issues related to the social environment

- Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to absolutely not affect the local living environment and social order and security assumptions in the local project area.

- The PPMU agrees with this comments.- Measures to mitigate negative impacts of the subproject in the social sector were proposed in Chapter 7 of the subproject.

1.1. Long Son communea Issues related to the natural environment

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- Project owner is required to monitor and promptly deal with environmental pollution in order to not effect to the people community health in the project area.



- Compensation should be reasonable, fast and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people using their economic supporting resources in changing their careers and in their other large business activities.

- The PMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

1.2. Vinh Khuong commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- The transportation of materials must not fall into the road and water and ensure the commitments on safety and on local environmental protection.



- Local available materials are required to use in order to demand stimulating economic development for the project area.- Compensation should be reasonable, fast and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people using their economic supporting financial resources in changing their careers.

- The PPMU agrees with this comments.- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

2 For Luc Ngan districta Issues related to the natural environment

- The transportation of materials must ensure the commitments on safety and on environmental protection which committed by the project owner.

The PPMU agrees with this comment.


- Compensation should be reasonable, and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people using their economic supporting resources in changing their careers and in their other large business activities.- Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to recruit local labours with their certain commitments.

- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law- The PPMU agrees with this comments.

2.1. Bien Dong commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- The construction sites should be careful guarded ensuring that dust emissions do not adversely affect to the natural environment.- During the construction repairing, it is still necessary to ensure


234

that the water volume in the reservoir is well enough maintained so that local people can have access to water for domestic use and agricultural activities.


- Compensation for local people in accordance with the State regulations.- It is necessary to recruit and create suitable conditions for local labours in order to increase their effective working in the project.

- PPMU and construction contractor will recruit local labor in the construction process.- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

2.2. Quy Son commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- The land mining activities are required to reasonably exploit and do not over-exploit. After exploiting, it is necessary to backfill the land mining and replant the lost forest area.- It is necessary to use advanced construction methods to minimize dust emissions.


b Issues related to the social environment- The construction works must be completed following the proposed schedule in order to bring the highest effectiveness for the people in the project area.


2.3. Tan Hoa commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- During the construction repairing, it is still necessary to always ensure that the water volume is well enough maintained for agricultural activities.



- During the construction process, the road damaged by vehicles must be quickly repaired in order to minimize the huge impacts on the people who live in and travel through affected areas.


2.4. Tru Huu commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- It is necessary to closely monitor the factors causing - The PPMU agrees

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environmental pollution in order to quickly solve if occuring environmental problems.- Material carrier vehicles should be in line with the current traffic situation in the project area.

with this comment.

b Issues related to the social environment- It is necessary to ensure local living environment and social order and security assumptions both insite and outside of the construction sites in the local project area.


3. For Luc Nam districta Issues related to the natural environment

- Wastewater discharge during the construction process must be properly treated without polluting the domestic water source of the local people.- Project owner is required to monitor and promptly deal with any environmental pollution.



- It is necessary to fully compensate for affected households.


3.1. Truong Son commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- Wastewater and garbage during the construction process should be properly treated without throwing away surroundings that affecting the local people living.


b Issues related to the social environment- Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to fully implement the signed commitments that absolutely not affect the local living environment and social order and security assumptions in the local project area.- Compensation for local people in accordance with the State regulations.


3.2. Nghia Phuong commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- It is necessary to closely monitor the project area environment in order to quickly solve if occuring environmental problems.- The transportation of materials must follow the traffic law ensuaring materials not fall into the road and water causing environmental pollution.



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- It is necessary to quickly deal with traffic congestion problems in order to minimize the huge impacts on the people who live in and travel through affected areas.


3.3. Huyen Son commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- It is necessary to always ensure that the water volume is well enough maintained for domestic use of local people.- The construction sites should be careful guarded ensuring that dust emissions do not adversely affect to the air environment of the people.



- Compensation should be fast, and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people easy changing their careers.

- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

3.4. Bao Son commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- It is necessary to always ensure that the water volume is well enough maintained for agricultural activities and domestic use of local people.


b Issues related to the social environment- The construction works must be quickly completed without any waste money/ time.- Project owner and all works construction participating units are required to fully ensure the social order and security assumptions in the local project area.


3.5. Dong Phu commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- During the construction repairing, it is still necessary to ensure that the water volume in the reservoir is well enough maintained so that local people can have access to water for domestic use and agricultural activities.


b Issues related to the social environment- Compensation should be fast, and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people easy changing their careers.

- PPMU and construction contractor will recruit local labor in the construction process.- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to

237

carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

- Compensation for local people in accordance with the State regulations.

4. For Yen The districta Issues related to the natural environment

- It is necessary to always ensure that the water volume is well enough maintained for agricultural activities and domestic use of local people.- Project owner is required to monitor and promptly deal with any environmental pollution.


b Issues related to the social environment- It is necessary to recruit and create suitable conditions for local labours in order to increase the demand stimulating economic development for the project area.


4.1. Dong Huu commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- Wastewater should be collected and treated in accordance with State regulations.



- Maximizing the use of local labor resources to contribute to the economic development in the project area.- Compensation should be fast, and certain one-time compensation in order to help the local people using their economic supporting resources for their other large business activities.

- PPMU and construction contractor will recruit local labor in the construction process.- The PPMU will coordinate with the local goverment to carry out compensation for households in accordance with the law

4.2. Dong Vuong commune

a Issues related to the natural environment- Wastewater discharge during the construction process must be properly treated without polluting the domestic water source of the local people.


b Issues related to the social environment- Workers who coming to work in the localities must register their temporary residence or temporary absence.


The main consultation opinions of the community, local representatives and local authorities are directly communicated to the Project Owner. The Project Owner agrees with the opinions and recognizes all the above opinions as a basis for supplementing and improving the negative impacts mitigation measures during the construction, operation and environmental and social

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Provincial consultation meeting

monitoring activities. During the preparation as well as the construction and operation processes, the Project Owner will comply with the contents of the ESIA document and the other environmental and social regulations of the Government of Vietnam and World Bank (WB).

Some pictures during the consultation meetings are shown as following:

8.4. Commitment of the Subproject Owner

All comments of the community have been recorded by the ower. The ower undertakes to implement mitigation measures that were proposed by the consultant in Chapter 7 of this report.

The sub-project owner was committed to:

1. Strictly complying with and ensure environmental parameters in accordance with Vietnamese national standards (national technical standards of Vietnam/ national standards).

2. Implementing all methods of water sources and environmental protection in order to reduce the negative impacts identified in the ESIA report and the ESMP.

3. Strictly complying with the law on compensation and remedy of environmental incidents in cases of environmental incidents and risks caused by sub-project.

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Consultation meeting at Dong Huu commune

Consultation meeting at Bien Dong commune

Consultation meeting at Yen The district

Consultation meeting at Dong Vuong commune

Consultation meeting at Dong Phu commune

8.5 Information Disclosure

The subproject complies with OP 4.01 and the World Bank policy on access to information policies. During the preparation phase of the Subproject, the subproject information was transmitted through mass media to the local authorities and communities. The PPMU sent subproject information, objectives and potential impacts to local NGOs and locally-affected communities to be consulted in April 2018 prior to public consultations. . The draft ESIA in the Vietnamese language was sent to the commune people's committees in the sub-project area for disclosure and consultation in June 2018.

The final EISA report is tentatively disclosed on the project website, subproject sites accessible to locally-affected people and local NGOs and the Bank's website with English language in November before subproject appraisal, as follows:- The Vietnamese version of the ESIA report of the Subproject was announced at the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), Central Irrigation Project Office of MARD, People’s Committee of Bac Giang Province. The ESIA summary is sent to the Bac Giang Department of Natural Resources and Environment, People’s Committee of Son Dong district, People’s Committee of Luc Ngan district, People’s Committee of Luc Nam district, and People’s Committees of 13 communes in the project area in order to help the communities and interested organizations to easily approach, monitor and implement the ESMP plan.

- The English version of the final ESIA report of the Subproject will be made available on the World Bank’s external website.

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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Conclusion(i) According to the results of the environmental-social screening, the sub-project must carry out the ESIA report according to WB's policy on environmental assessment;(ii) The sub-project is not located within or adjacent to environmentally sensitive areas and meets eligible criteria of the WB;(iii) The report identifies and assesses the full potential impacts of the sub-project during the implementation phases, including:

- Potential impacts during the preparation period: a) emission of dusts and noise due to heavy equipment and vehicular traffic from the land clearance effected to the workers and surrounding households; b) construction waste in the process of dismantling the management house if not collected and treated will affect to the environment of the waste receiving area; c) the permanent land acquisition area of the subproject is 0.86 ha and the temporary land acquisition area of the project is 0.85 ha of perennial land. The affected area has 105 AHs, of which 7 AHs are ethnic minorities (Tay ethnic people) in Dong Phu commune, Luc Nam district, affecting their livelihoods and production activities.

- Major potential impacts during the construction phase: The upgrading of the subprojects including dams, auxiliary works, management roads, management house can cause some negative impacts as follows: a) increase the concentration of dust and emissions into the air environment from mining activities, constructing at site and transport material; b) wastes from construction activities (hazardous wastes from maintenance of machinery and equipment) and wastewater and daily-life wastes from labor activities at the campsite if these wastes are not collected and treatment, it will be cause serious pollution of the receiving environment such as the land environment and water environment; c) increased risk to the people along the road due to the increase of transportation means of materials and waste; d) increase social evils due to the workers (such as theft, gambling, drug and infectious diseases).

- Potential impacts during the operation phase: a) wastewater and household domestic waste resulting from the operation and management activities of management staffs, if not collected and treated will pollute the surrounding environment; b) sedimentation and turbidity of the reservoir will increase; c) use of pesticides for crop protection in cultivation due to the stability of irrigation water supply will increase; d) risk of dam breakdown during the operation process that can affect to downstream area.

(iv) Based on the potential impacts of the sub-project on the environment and society, ESIA recommends proposed mitigation measures on the environmental and social impacts of subprojects as follows:

- Mitigation measures during the preparation period: a) spraying the water all over the demolished area and transport route to minimize emission of, and select a transportation facility that meets the standards to minimize exhaust gas; b) solid waste from demolished operations should be collected and treated in accordance with current regulations by making the contract of collection and treatment with the local environmental company; c) Compensation for affected households in accordance with the land law. Investors and contractors in cooperation with local authorities raise awareness of local people about the benefits of the implementation of the subproject by communication activities.

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- Mitigation measures during the construction phase: Appropriate mitigation measures for the dam improvement and auxility works include: a) implement mitigation measures such as reducing dust, emissions, noise, vibration; reasonable operation of equipment and machinery with appropriate work schedule and avoid rainy days; implementation of safety and health measures for workers at the site; b) placing the qualified toilets for waste disposal processing, contracting with local environmental company to collect and treat domestic waste at the workers’ camps; c) personnel management (selecting good health worker, prevention of infectious diseases, establishment of worker camp rules etc...); and d) good relations with local communities (working with government, informing about subproject impormation to local people, prioritizing local labor, etc.).

- Mitigation measures in the operation phase: a) the management house needs to have a waste bin and a standard toilet; b) implementation of Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP); c) the reservoir management and exploitation units (the irrigation and management companies and commune people's committee) should periodically check the safety reservoirs; close coordination with local authorities and people to timely report on risks related to dam safety in order to implement timely corrective measures; monitoring the state of reservoir ensures the proper regulation of water sources in the rainy season; there is a plan to inform people about flood discharge plans.

2. RecommendationsBased on the findings of the Environmental Assessment and the Social Environment Management Plan (ESMP) mentioned in this document, the recommendations with sub-project are as follows:

(i) The mitigation measures mentioned in the ESMP shall be established as an integral part of the Bidding Documents. The contractor will disassemble the workload and give the total cost for implementing the mitigation measures mentioned above. This cost is considered as environment protect cost and will be paid when mitigation measures by the contractor have been effectively implemented.

(ii) Based on the environmental and social impact assessment report, the ESIA Consultant and the subproject owner recommend the competent authorities and the World Bank to approve the report on environmental and social impact assessment of sub-project to ensure the progress of the subproject.

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REFERENCES

1. Project of Social and Environment Management Framework (DRSIP, 2015)2. Feasibility Study (FS) of Bac Giang Dam Rehabilitation and Safety Subproject, 09/20183. Report on Resettlement Action Plan, Social Impact Assessment Report of Bac Giang Dam

Rehabilitation and Safety Subproject, 9/20184. Report on socio-economic situation in 13 communes in 20175. Report on socio-economic situation in 2017 of Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam and Yen

The district6. Statistical Yearbook in 2017 of Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam and Yen The district7. Report on the Environment Status of Bac Giang province, period 2011-20158. Map of the subproject area9. Pham Ngoc Dang, the air environment, scientific publishing house, 199710. DIN 4150-1: Vibrations in buildings - Part 1: Prediction of Vibration Parameters, DIN,

2001-0611. Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume II, Sectoral Guidelines, Environment,

World Bank, Washington D.C 8/199112. Noise from Construction Equipment and Operations, Building Equipment, and Home Appliances, US EPA, 1971WHO - Assessment of sources of air, water, and land pollution, A guide to rapid source inventory techniques and their use in formulating environmental control strategies. Part 1: Rapid Inventory Techniques in Environmental Pollution. Geneva, Switzerland, 1993

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