© Siemens AG, 2012 Gas Turbines Based CHP Clean, Green & Sustainable Géraldine Roy - Proposals...

© Siemens AG, 2012

Gas Turbines Based CHPClean, Green & Sustainable

Géraldine Roy - Proposals Manager – FEED

Richard Williamson – Framework Support Manager

Derek Fothergill - Consultant

Melton Mowbray, June 2013

June 2013 Siemens Energy Sector

First established in 1857 - Joseph Ruston

Gas Turbines since 1946 - Frank Whittle

Gas Turbines

Agriculture

Military Transport

Industry

Gas Turbine heritage


Industrial Gas Turbines


Siemens Industrial gas TurbinesProduct Applications

An SGT-100 generating set is installed on Norske Shell's Troll Field platform in the North Sea

Thirty SGT-200 driven pump sets on the OZ2 pipeline operated by Sonatrach, Algeria

Power Generation

CHP

Two SGT-400 generating sets operating in cogeneration/ combined cycle for BIEP at BP’s Bulwer Island refinery, Australia

Two SGT-700 driven Siemens compressors for natural gas liquefaction plant owned by UGDC at Port Said, Egypt.

An SGT-800 CHP plant for InfraServ Bavernwerk’s chemical plant in Gendorf, Germany.

Compression

Comb. CyclePumping

June 2013 Siemens Energy Sector Page 5

Siemens Industrial Power:Industrial Turbines for all Your Needs

Steam Turbines

Steam turbines for power generation, combined heat & power and mechanical drives for all industrial applications

Various design paradigms including:

• Pre–designed steam turbines up to 10 MW

• Industrial steam turbines up to 250 MW

Gas Turbines

Gas turbines for power generation, combined heat & power and mechanical drives for all industrial applications.

Small gas turbines from 5 up to 13 MW

Medium gas turbines from 18.5 up to 50 MW


Global Power market – Demand for Power is steadily growing

Source: Siemens

Power generation mix worldwide, in TWh

Coal

Oil

Gas

Nuclear

Water

Renewables

37,100

34%

3%

24%

11%

15%

13%

41%

4%

22%

13%

16%4%

67%

61%

+2.8% p.a.

22,100

20302011

Fossil fuels remain the backbone - Renewables gain in importance


Gas Turbines < 60 MW in CHP The Global Picture (1993-2012)

GT based CHP < 60 MW - mainly used in Europe, USA and in Asia (SE Asia, Japan, India), lately also in emerging markets

The total market has been declining but it is slowly recovering

010002000300040005000600070008000

'93-'97 ´98-´02 '03-´07 '08-12

MW

Africa America Latin America NorthAsia Europe Middle EastCIS

GT orders 1993-2012

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

'93-'97 ´98-´02 '03-´07 '08-12

MW

Poly. (World)


Conventional Energy Supply

Central electricity generation and distribution through grid

Local production of heat with fossil fuel

Power plant IndustryResidential area

Waste heat from power generation is emitted with exhaust gases

Conventional energy supply:Less efficient, more emissions


Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration

Power plant IndustryResidential area

Medium-voltage power grid connection

Simultaneous production of power and heat from a single fuel source

IndustryResidential area Local power plant

Combined Heat and Power: More efficient and lower emissions due to the recovery of waste heat

Local electricity generation


Environmental protection

The high overall thermal efficiency of cogeneration minimizes the production of carbon dioxide. Other exhaust emissions can be controlled by the use of low emission combustion technology

CHP Benefits

Profitability

Energy costs can be a high proportion of the product cost in many industries. CHP can help reduce the energy costs by up to 30%

Security of Supply

CHP can increase the reliability of power supply. Production processes need to avoid unscheduled shutdown


CHP: The drivers

Business Drivers

Improving spark spread ; energy cost :Gas/Oil prices Vs Electricity prices.

Growing gas supply diversity and network. Shale Gas, Landfill and other Bio gases.

Security of energy supply.

Legal/Environmental Drivers

Climate change and reduction of emissionsGovernment / EU Energy Directives - Reduced emissions of CO2.

Reduced emissions of NOx, particles, UHC, etc.National production subsidies.National tax exemptions or investment incentives.

CCL.

Energy costSecurity of supply

Environmental image

Reduction ofgreenhouse gases

and other emissionsIncentives


Steam Output

By-pass Stack

Boiler Feed Water

Damper

Exhaust Heat

Exhaust

Steam Raising ApplicationsBased on SGT-100 Gas Turbine

30.0 % 100 %

69.5 % 14 %

Fuel Gas InputPower Output

Power Output

Condensing Steam Turbine

9.5 % 53 %

37.5 %

6.0 %

GT Power Output 30.0 %

Exhaust Loss 14 %

ST Power Output 9.5 %

Low Grade Heat Output

37.5 %

TOTAL. 91 %

Difference is due to Gear, Generator, vent and Oil System losses


Steam Output

By-pass Stack

Damper

Exhaust

Steam Raising ApplicationsBased on SGT-100 Gas Turbine

30.0 % 100 %

Fuel Gas InputPower Output

Power Output

Condensing Steam Turbine

400 OC 42 bar g

103OC

544 OC

100 OC

60 OC

Boiler Feed Water

126 OC

9.5 %


The Scheme provides:-

electricity, heating and cooling for 60,000 residents in

the Bronx area of New York.

40 MW electrical power is produced by two SGT-400

gas turbines and SST-300 steam turbine.

Up to 16MW of electricity not used locally enters the

New York power grid.

“Hurricane Sandy hit Co-op City about as hard as it hit most anywhere else in New York City, but everybody in Co-op City had power before, during and after the storm, ” said Community Principal, Herb Freedman

Tri-generation Installation Network support – Riverbay Co-op Development

Riverbay Co-Op Development (New York)

Co-op City is located in the northeast of New York

and comprises 14,000 apartment units, 35 high-rise

buildings, 8 parking garages, 3 shopping centres and

6 schools


Tri-generation Installation Network support – Riverbay Co-op Development

Fuel Gas Input

Power Output

SGT 400

Exhaust

By-pass Stack

Boiler FeedWater

Damper

Exhaust Heat

Fuel Gas Input

Power Output SGT 400

Exhaust

By-pass Stack

Boiler FeedWater

Damper

Exhaust Heat

SteamTurbine

Condensate

Chilled Water Return

Chilled Water Flow

Absorption

Chiller

25% Usable Heat

17% Heat to Electricity

17.5 % Heat to Electricity

HP Steam

LP Steam

Cooling Water Return

Cooling Water Flow

11.5% Waste Heat

11.5% Waste Heat

17.5 % Heat to Electricity

40.0 MW12.47 kV

Power ExportCo-op Power Use

SST 300

100 % Heat as Fuel Gas


Combined Combustion Inlet Air & Vent HEPA Air Filter

Silencer

SGT 100-1 Gas Turbine Generating Set

Silencer

SilencerWaste Heat

Steam Generator

Roof Line

Boiler Stack

By-Pass Stack

Diverter Valve

Oil Cooler

Breather

SST-110 Steam Turbine Generating Set

To District Heating (16 bar g,100 OC)

From District Heating (8 bar g, 60 OC)

Deaerator

Boiler Feed Water PumpsFuel Gas Compressor Air Compressor

Control Room

Switchgear Room

Battery Room

Fire Panel

Condensate Return Pumps

Vent Air Outlet

Water Treatment

Make-up Tank

Condenser

Option 1 Maximum Electrical Generation


Option 2 Maximum Heat Generation

Silencer

SGT 100-1 Gas Turbine Generating Set

Silencer

SilencerWaste Heat Hot WaterGenerator

Roof Line

Boiler Stack

By-Pass Stack

Diverter Valve

Oil Cooler

Breather

To District Heating (16 bar g,100 OC)

From District Heating (8 bar g,60 OC)

Fuel Gas Compressor Air Compressor

Control Room

Switchgear Room

Battery Room

Fire Panel

Vent Air Outlet

Water Treatment

Make-up Tank

Combined Combustion Inlet Air & Vent HEPA Air Filter


2000 m

500 m 700 m800 m

Distance

m

Pressure Loss Pa/m

Pressure Loss bar

Total Loss

bar

Main 1600 100 1.65.6

Housing 1600 250 4.0

Main 2600 100 2.65.1

Shops 1000 250 2.5

Main 4000 100 4.07.75

Factories 1500 250 3.75

75

0 m

50

0 m

80

0 m

Heat Interface Unit

HOB Plant

Heat production from Heat Only Boilers maybe needed

Thermal Storage for full or partial storage (load levelling) maybe needed

Factory

Factory

Housing Housing

Housing Housing

Housing Housing

Housing Housing

Shops Shops

CHP Plant

Heat Transmission & Distribution Network


TE

PI TITE FE

TE PI TI

Controller

HeatMeter

TE

Room Thermostat

PI

Central Heating

Domestic Hot Water

Domestic Cold Water (Mains)

Filling Loop

District Hot Water Flow & Return

Temperature Indicator

FE

TE

PI

TI

Pressure Indicator

Thermal Element

Flow Element

Filter

Isolating Valve

Modulating Valve

Drain Valve

Double Check Valve

Relief Valve

District heating supply temperature can be as high as 100 OC minimising flow rate and hence pipe sizes.

Indirect Domestic Heat Interface Unit


Performance Summary SGT- 100- 1S

Power Generated kW

Gas Turbine at 15OC 5242

Steam Turbine 1700

Total Power Generated 6942

Total District Heat 6527

Cycle efficiency 76.5%

Power Used (Run) kW

Gas Turbine 55.9

Steam Turbine 28.4

Auxiliaries 497

System Usage 581.3

Operation at 15OC kW

Power Generated 6942.0

Power Used 581.3

Power for Export 6360.7For Wind Farms the ratio is 1 kW per Home with the Grid taking up the peak loads

Study assumes all power is sold to a power company


Performance Summary SGT 400

Power Generated kW

Gas Turbine at 15OC 14049

Steam Turbine 4160

Total Power Generated 18209

Total District Heat 13899

Cycle efficiency 80.1%

Power Used (Run) kW

Gas Turbine 73.2

Steam Turbine 28.4

Auxiliaries 497

System Usage 598.6

Operation at 15OC kW

Power Generated 18209.0

Power Used 589.6

Power for Export 17610.4For Wind Farms the ratio is 1 kW per Home with the Grid taking up the peak loads

Study assumes all power is sold to a power company


Possible Incremental Efficiency Improvements

Low grade heat recoverySource Amount Use

Cooling air from the generators

Heat available is approximately 2% of the generated power

Space heating

Ventilation air Heat available is approximately 2% of the generated power

Space heating via an air/air heat exchanger

Oil coolers coolant water Heat available is approximately 2½% of the generated power

Pre-heat boiler make-up water


Payback Period

Simple Payback in just over 7 years

SGT 100-1S Scheme

Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Hardware £12,264,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750 £11,724,750

Building + Costs £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250 £4,384,250

O&M £422,500 £845,000 £1,267,500 £1,690,000 £2,112,500 £2,535,000 £2,957,500 £3,380,000 £3,802,500 £4,225,000

Fuel Cost £9,305,100 £18,610,200 £27,915,300 £37,220,400 £46,525,500 £55,830,600 £65,135,700 £74,440,800 £83,745,900 £93,051,000

Total Cost £26,376,600 £35,564,200 £45,291,800 £55,019,400 £64,747,000 £74,474,600 £84,202,200 £93,929,800 £103,657,400 £113,385,000

Income £14,063,304 £28,126,608 £42,189,912 £56,253,216 £70,316,520 £84,379,824 £98,443,128 £112,506,432 £126,569,736 £140,633,040

Payback -Years 1.88 1.26 1.07 0.98 0.92 0.88 0.86 0.83 0.82 0.81

SGT 400 Scheme

Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Hardware £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500 £6,601,500

Building + Costs £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500 £3,484,500

O&M £394,400 £788,800 £1,183,200 £1,577,600 £1,972,000 £2,366,400 £2,760,800 £3,155,200 £3,549,600 £3,944,000

Fuel Cost £4,086,825 £8,173,650 £12,260,475 £16,347,300 £20,434,125 £24,520,950 £28,607,775 £32,694,600 £36,781,425 £40,868,250

Total Cost £14,567,225 £19,048,450 £23,529,675 £28,010,900 £32,492,125 £36,973,350 £41,454,575 £45,935,800 £50,417,025 £54,898,250

Income £5,899,422 £11,798,844 £17,698,266 £23,597,688 £29,497,110 £35,396,532 £41,295,954 £47,195,376 £53,094,798 £58,994,220

Payback -Years 2.4693 1.6144 1.3295 1.1870 1.1015 1.0445 1.0038 0.9733 0.9496 0.9306

Simple Payback in less than 4 years

Payback calculations ignore amortisation, inflation, cost escalation and any grants


Export Power - kW

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Ambient Temperature Deg C

Ne

t P

ow

er

- k

W

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MaxMinExtreme MaxExtreme Min

Max & Min Temperature (1971 – 2000)at Waddington(68 m amsl)

Tem

per

atu

re D

eg -

C

Export Power - kW

Ambient Temperature – Deg C

Net

Po

wer

- k

W

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Detached

Semi-detached

Terrrace

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

Ave

rag

e D

aily

To

tal C

on

sum

pti

on

- k

Wh

Effect of Ambient Temperature on Power


Summary – CHP high efficiency, cost effective, secure and proven

Combined heat and power installations using gas turbines are well proven and

widely used across process, manufacturing industries and District Heating

worldwide.

Gas turbines are the key to high efficiency CHP solutions. Waste heat is

predominantly ejected through exhaust. This can be harnessed for steam

production.

Gas Turbines are capable of accepting base load whilst still providing acceptably

high availability and reliability. Further enhancing security of power supply.

We believe district hot water and heating is cost effective for new build projects

such as housing, swimming pools, hotels and commercial buildings.

Not so easy for existing especially old housing, due to cost of retrospective

installation.


Summary – Savings and Improvements

CHP gives cost savings with potential short payback periods.

Matching the combination of units to optimise efficiency and financial return.

Ducted hot air for adjacent buildings.

Management of heat use from coolers and condensers will push efficiency up.

Power utilised locally and exported.

Large reduction in use of fossil fuel, to reduce carbon profile through efficiency

and use of alternative gas sources (biogas from green waste, landfill gas from

refuse, coke oven gas etc.).

© Siemens AG, 2012

Thank you! Geraldine RoyProposals Manager - FEEDE O IP T (0)1522 58 [email protected]

Richard WilliamsonFramework Support Manager – FEEDEOIP(0)1522 58 [email protected]

Po Box 1LincolnUnited Kingdom


Fuel Flexibility in Gas Turbines

10 20 40 50 60 7030

Medium Calorific Value (MCV) High Calorific Value (HCV)

‘’Normal’’

Wobbe Index (MJ/Nm³)

SIT Ltd. Definition

Low Calorific Value (LCV)

Pipeline Quality NG

3.5 37 49 65

Siemens DLE Units operating

DLE Capability Under Development

Siemens Diffusion

Operating Experience

BIOMASS &COAL GASIFICATION

Landfill & SewageGas

High Hydrogen Refinery Gases

LPG

Off-shore rich gasIPG CeramicsOff-shore leanWell head gas

Other gas

Associated Gas


SGT–300, Fuel Flexibility with Low EmissionsUniversity of New Hampshire (UNH)

The cogeneration plant provides:-

95% of steam demand

75% of electrical load

Fuel efficiency of nearly 80%

30% reduction in Nox & 60% Sox

7.6 MW electrical power output 35 MWth steam output

Overall CHP efficiency >77%

Tri-fuel: Nat Gas or Nat Gas/Landfill Gas blend

(Gas Wobbe Index range 32 to 49 MJ/Nm3) or

Liquid Fuel

Low Emissions to atmosphere: Nox > 15 ppmv

Ambient temperature: -28OC to +32OC


SGT–300, Fuel Flexibility with Low EmissionsUniversity of New Hampshire (UNH)


The Scheme provides:-

electricity, heating and cooling for the complex

4.9 MW electrical power is produced by a dual fuel, low

emissions SGT-100-1S gas turbine.

Unfired waste heat steam generator produces 11,000

kg/h of 3.8 bar g steam.

Standby power ( Auto switch to Island Mode)

BBC Television Centre - London

BBC Television Centre, Wood Lane, London

The Centre provides studio, production and office facilities

for its operations in the UK and abroad.

There is a continual demand for heating and electrical

power from the offices, post-production areas, computer

suites and studio lighting


BBC Television Centre - London

Steam Output

Fuel Gas Input

Power Output

4.15 MW

By-pass Stack

Boiler Feed Water

Damper

Exhaust

SGT 100-1S

Steam Output

ForcedDraught

Fan

Air

Steam Output

ForcedDraught

Fan

Air

Exhaust

Steam Output

Boiler Feed Water

ForcedDraught Fan

Air

Cold Standby BoilersHot Standby Boiler

Absorption

ChillerAbsorption

ChillerAbsorption

ChillerAbsorption

ChillerMake Up

WaterWater Conditioning

Chilled Water Return

Chilled Water Flow

11 kV

Import/Export From/To Grid

Peak Demand 7 MW


SGT-400 Industrial Gas TurbineCHP Installation - Wastewater Treatment plant

Psyttalia

1 x SGT-400 generator set with WHRU

In Commercial operation since 2007

EU granted €40 million of funding for the Ministry of Public works to commission a new sludge-drying plant on the island , fuelled by natural gas

© Siemens AG, 2012 Gas Turbines Based CHP Clean, Green & Sustainable Géraldine Roy - Proposals...

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Transcript of © Siemens AG, 2012 Gas Turbines Based CHP Clean, Green & Sustainable Géraldine Roy - Proposals...