جمهورية السودان Republic of Sudan
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Transcript of جمهورية السودان Republic of Sudan
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CountryCountry PaperPaper MAY -2009MAY -2009
BYBYMrs. Badria A. Rahman Mrs. Badria A. Rahman KhalidKhalid
Mrs. Ekhlas Musa IbrahiemMrs. Ekhlas Musa Ibrahiem
السودان السودان جمهورية جمهورية Republic of SudanRepublic of Sudan
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Different CulturesDifferent Cultures
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Map of SudanMap of Sudan• SSudaudan is the biggest n is the biggest
country in Africa .country in Africa .• Total area 2.5 million Total area 2.5 million
sq.km. ( 967.495 sq sq.km. ( 967.495 sq mi)mi)
• Boarding 9 African Boarding 9 African countries .countries .
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The country divided into 25 states.
The states subdivided into 133
districts .
StatesStates
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Basic InformationBasic Information
Capital : KhartoumKhartoum ..Biggest City : Oumdurman Oumdurman .
Government : Government of National UnityGovernment of National Unity
Independence: From The British & Egypt EmpireFrom The British & Egypt Empire 1st 1st January, 1956January, 1956
Languages: Arabic Arabic ((officialofficial)), , --local languageslocal languages, EnglishEnglish. .
.Religions: Muslim 70%Muslim 70% ( (in northin north)), Christian 5%, Christian 5% ((mostly inmostly in south and Khartoumsouth and Khartoum)), indigenous beliefs 25%, indigenous beliefs 25%
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Area & ClimateArea & Climate :
Area: totaltotal 2.5million sq km .( Water 6%)2.5million sq km .( Water 6%)..
Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far
south, northeast and west, desert dominates the northsouth, northeast and west, desert dominates the north Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies by region (April to November)varies by region (April to November)
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populationpopulationPopulation : 39million (2009)39million (2009)
Density : 14/km² (36/sq. mi)14/km² (36/sq. mi) Population growth rate: 2.1%2.1%
mortality rate--2/1,0009mortality rate--2/1,0009
Rural population : 64%64%
Labour force: 7.4 million (Agriculture--80%; industry and 7.4 million (Agriculture--80%; industry and commerce--7%; government--13%. )commerce--7%; government--13%. )
Population below poverty line : 40%40%
Net migration rate: 0.67 migrant0.67 migrant((ss)/)/1,0001,000
internally displaced persons : 5.3 - 6.2 million5.3 - 6.2 million
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The main Industries:
oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
Industrial production growth rate: 32%
IndustryIndustry
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Religion in Sudan
Sunni Muslim 70%
Indigenous 25%
Christian 5%
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AGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSPRODUCTS
• The main products: sorghum, cotton, sesame, groundnuts , millet, rice, sunflower ,wheat, gum
Arabic, dates ,sugar cane, mango, papaya, bananas,
vegetables.
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Livestock & Fish Livestock & Fish productsproducts
•Meat , cheese ,row leather ,milk byproducts –
dry fish – salted fish
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Natural ResourcesNatural Resources
petroleum; small reserves of iron, copper, chromium, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower.
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EconomyEconomy
•Exports - commodities: oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar
•Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
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GDP (2007, purchasing power parity):$ 87.885 billion.GDP annual growth rate (2007): 12.8%.Avg. annual inflation rate (2007): 5.3%. Per capita income GDP (2008): $2,305Currency :Sudanese Pound (SDG)
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Water resourcesWater resources
• The main source is River Nile.
• Rainwater.
• surface water. • deep underground water.
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DamsDams
• large dams :Sennar ,Roseries, Jabel
Aulia Dam,Khashm Elgirba
• The largest dam is Marawe dam ( 1250 mw)
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AgricultureAgriculture
agriculture is considered the backbone of the economy in the country. The society is conditioned by anthropological and climatic factors, as well as the nature of the land.Cultivable area: 840,000 km.squ. Forest : 570,000 km.squPasture : 1,161800 km.squAnnual area planted : 168,600 km.squ( 91% rainfed – 9% irrigated)
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LivestockLivestock))
Total : 136.7 million head.
•Types : Cow ,sheep , goats ,camel.
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• Maximization of the rural family income is the main target of the government.
• The public expenditure for rural development raised from 236million(2000) to 1,432million SP . (2005),for agric.-social sector –water- war affected areas-roads.
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
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• IFAD: aimed to improve live hood in rural poor in rainfed sector & improve partnership with institution civil society, strengthen the women role in the development.
• FAO: food security programs.• EU: food security programs.• USA support.: food security programs.• MULTI-Donor Trust Fund• Islamic Bank Loan: improve production capacities of
the small farmers.
DONARS ROLE IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
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PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
.1Desertification.
.2Rainfall fluctuation.
.3Ecosystem disturbance.
.4Erosion.
.5Insufficient loans.
.6High input prices, low output prices.
.7Lack of agric.survices. (marketing –storage.) …….. Etc
.8Inadequate water supply ( farmers- livestock)
.9Weak veterinary services.
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Wild Life (2)
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Wild Life (3)
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Wild Life (1)
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