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Transcript of © Prentice Hall, 2004Business In Action 2eChapter 9 - 1 Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling...
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 1
Motivating Today’s Motivating Today’s Workforce and Handling Workforce and Handling Employee-Management Employee-Management
RelationsRelations
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 2
Understanding Human Understanding Human RelationsRelations
• Needs of management
• Needs of employees
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 3
What Is Motivation?What Is Motivation?
• Corporate culture
• Behavior modification
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 4
Management by Management by ObjectivesObjectives
1 . Setting goals
2 . Planning action
3 . Implementing goals
4 . Reviewing performance
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 5
Frederick W. TaylorFrederick W. Taylor
• Scientific management
–Monetary rewards
–Personal productivity
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 6
Maslow’s HierarchyMaslow’s Hierarchy
• Self-actualization
• Self-esteem needs
• Social needs
• Safety needs
• Physiological needs
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 7
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Herzberg’s Two-Factor TheoryTheory
Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors
• Working conditions
• Pay and security
• Company policies
• Supervisors
• Interpersonal relations
• Achievement
• Recognition
• Responsibility
• Work itself
• Personal growth
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 8
McGregor’s McGregor’s AssumptionsAssumptions
Theory X EmployeesTheory X Employees Theory Y EmployeesTheory Y Employees
• IrresponsibleIrresponsible
• Lack ambitionLack ambition
• Dislike workDislike work
• Avoid responsibilityAvoid responsibility
• Motivated by extrinsic Motivated by extrinsic
rewardsrewards
• Goal seekingGoal seeking
• CreativeCreative
• Like workLike work
• Accept responsibilityAccept responsibility
• Motivated by intrinsic Motivated by intrinsic
rewardsrewards
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 9
Ouchi’s Theory ZOuchi’s Theory Z
• Employee involvement
• Family environment
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 10
Staffing ChallengesStaffing Challenges
• Skilled-labor shortage
• Rightsizing the workforce
• Quality of work and life
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 11
Skilled Labor ShortageSkilled Labor Shortage
• Revised pay systems
• Career-development programs
• Educational programs
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 12
Rightsizing the Rightsizing the WorkforceWorkforce
• Employee loyalty
• Employee burnout
• Job insecurity
• Technological advancements
• Information overload
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 13
The Committed Employee: Then and The Committed Employee: Then and NowNow
NowCharacteristic
Seize the Day
110 Percent
Buys In(usually)
Personal Life& Career
Not Looking(but will listen)
Near-term
Personal Motto
Effort on the Job
Devotion to Employer Goals
Priorities on the Job
Readiness to Change Jobs
Attachment to Employer
Always Faithful
100 Percent
Follow Orders
The Firm & Its Goals
Not Interested
Long-term
Then
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 14
Quality of Work LifeQuality of Work Life
• Job enrichment
–Reduces specialization
–Expands responsibilities
• Job redesign
–Restructures work
–Coordinates skills and jobs
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 15
Demographic Demographic ChallengesChallenges
Workforce DiversityWorkforce Diversity Gender IssuesGender Issues
ImmigrationImmigration
Aging PopulationAging Population
Diversity InitiativesDiversity Initiatives
The Glass CeilingThe Glass Ceiling
SexismSexism
Sexual HarassmentSexual Harassment
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 16
Alternative Work Alternative Work ArrangementsArrangements
• Flextime
• Telecommuting
• Job sharing
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 17
Working With Labor Working With Labor UnionsUnions
• Wages and benefits
• Working conditions
• Job security
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 18
Collective Bargaining Collective Bargaining ProcessProcess
1 . Preparing to meet
2 . Meeting
3 . Reaching an agreement
4 . Voting and ratification
5 . Signing the agreement
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 19
Resolving an ImpasseResolving an Impasse
• Mediation
• Arbitration
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 20
When Negotiations When Negotiations Break DownBreak Down
• Labor– Strike– Boycott– Publicity
• Management– Strikebreakers– Lockouts– Injunctions
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 21
Labor Movement TodayLabor Movement Today
• Unions included 35% of the workforce in the 1950s
• Unions include 13.5% of today’s workforce
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© Prentice Hall, 2004 Business In Action 2e Chapter 9 - 22
Declining Union Declining Union MembershipMembership
• Decline in manufacturing
• Rise in service industries
• Changes in the workforce
• Flat organization structures