+Polystoma integerrimum

Created and Presented by: Lindsey Petrovich

Amanda Reinesch

Characteristic

s

Normal

Life Cycle

Neotenic

+Polystoma integerrimumCHARACTERISTICS

NAME: Polystoma integerriumum No common name

GEOGRAPHIC RANGE: Old World mainly Europe

HABITAT: lives in bladders of common Old World frogs

+Polystoma integerrimumCHARACTERISTICS

HUMANS: no known importance to people

DIET: eat blood

LENGTH: Adult worms are 10 millimeters

+Polystoma integerriumumCHARACTERISTICS

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE - synchronized with host’s hormones

Providing a supply of hosts to hatching oncomiracidia Oncomiracidia – larvae of Monogenea Monogenea – ectoparasites of skin/gills of fish, amphibians,

reptiles

TWO ADULT STAGES – Normal and Neotenic Neotenic - The achievement of sexual maturity by an organism

still in its larval stage

+Polystoma integerrimumCHARACTERISTICS

MOST ACTIVE – Spring when frogs are

active

DORMANT – Winter when frogs are

hibernating

+Polystoma integerrimumFIGURE 19.15

+Polystoma integerrimumLIFE CYCLE

+Polystoma integerriumumLIFE CYCLE

PHASE 1 – When frogs’ gonads begin to swell and produce gametes, worms become sexually active and produce eggs that are released into the urine

STEP 2 – Eggs are voided into water in frogs’ spawning area

STEP 3 – Oncomiracidia hatch in 20-50 days depending on temperature of the water

STEP 4 – In the 20-50 days the frogs’ eggs have developed into tadpoles (these tadpoles are the next host generation)

STEP 5 – Oncomiracidia attach to the tadpoles’ gills during ventilation

STEP 6 – Metamorphoses occurs and eggs are produced in 20-25 days

+Polystoma integerrimumGILL FORM (Neotenic)

More narrow body

Opisthaptor is not set off from the body

Intestine has fewer lateral branches

Ovary is different shape

No uterus or genitointestinal canal

+Polystoma integerriumumGILL FORM – LIFE CYCLE

STEP 1 – Eggs of Polystoma integerrimum hatch in 15-20 days when the water is warm

STEP 2 – The larvae then attach to tadpole gills

STEP 3 – Metamorphoses begins

STEP 4 – The larvae migrate to the bladder of the tadpole This process occurs over the ventral skin of the tadpole and only

takes about a minute

STEP 5 – Once in the bladder, the worms develop slowly This maturation process takes about four to five years

STEP 6 - Eggs are produced

+References and Citations http://animals.jrank.org/pages/1523

/Monogeneans-Monogenea-NO-COMMON-NAME-Polystoma-integerrimum-SPECIES-ACCOUNTS.html

http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/amphibians/commonfrog-ranatemporaria.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ifNvMe6zXXc/SsgN01gU_RI/AAAAAAAAAr0/11XDUDfoy0g/s400/polystoma.jpg

http://parasitology.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/login/n/h/0887.html

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/neotenic

http://andrewprokos.com/d/central-park-spring-blossoms?g2_itemId=1903&g2_serialNumber=2

http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/0f/39/c2/lawn-in-winter.jpg

http://giraffian.com/pictionary-files/t/tadpole.png

http://stock-images.antiqueprints.com/images/sm0007-GibsonOldWorld1758.jpg

http://biology.touchspin.com/images/Frog_Blood_POI1_400x_LF_7.jpg

http://www.e-tutor.com/lsnpics/52133_FROG_internal3.gif