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.128 ;"11;r 680 'Ol1 ,(2 i1'),'il ,'l1,) 7VJ'~ ;l7'X' 43 '~11 ,(2 ;r'l1il

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'nn!:!' i1"" ,X i1W,!:! ,il::l' n'Wll'::I n'7'nn7 1Wl"O::l 0) 1{:J'~1 ,'nno 0'JV'1il p 'lll''711 '::1"

1i1~') 23-22 '~11 ,n"J.,n 0'7W'" ,I{ ,O'i"P7il '00 ,i',m',) 'I{ ; (19 il'l1i1 T7il7 ilN")

,J '1' ,:J"o,n O'71!1'" ,'7W~7 ',':JO U1V7'7 'n'1"i1~:::1 1"::1' ,,11 ;'N" ,('1 nn!:! .•• " T'Jl1

i (V'" 01V~ ,:l:J 117') 3 il'l1il 1l"31 )lI ,8 ;'ll/i1 W'lI T:I1 ,3 il'l101 N"l1 1'0 ,7 il'l1;r N"l1

Altjiidisclze ,')J'7UOJ'V ; L. Low, Gesanunelte Schriftell, V, Szegedin 1900, p. 71, and n. 3

il'lIil 7'Y') Die Petichot des Midrasclz rabba zu Genesis ,(2 il'lIil 7'lI7) Bibeldeutullg

M. Gertner, 'Terms of Scriptural Interpretation: i 108-103 '0),' ,(I 01'),'01 7'),'7) 'po,'o : (2

A Study in Hebrew Semantics', Bulletill of the School of Oriell/al and African Studies 25

(1962), pp. 14-16; H. Basser, 'A Distinctive Usage of pt\J in Rabbinic Literature', Hebrew

;r7'Oil 'lV'~'1!I7 l:l,,!)0 11" W"VOI T~)";' i'nll' 0) .Studies 20-21 (1979-1980), pp. 60-61

'~lI ,(i'''llIn-n"Illl'\) II' ,1l1W, ,'Il'P~OI w,,'o'7 0"11111V0i1 o'm,~;, nmn~nOl'7' : 'nl'\~'

,:J:J .;rmll 7Jp~ ')'ll lX ,(,m' 'll n1n!:!) TX~ mll1~il ;,o'~n;, nil ":JT~ 'Ill I{,m ,25-23

Die e.tegetisc!ze m7'~:J 0'1l"01li11 O'XJn;' m'!)O::l ;rT 711'~ 711 "Vn~::I mWl1'7 1l''70;'

Temzinologie der judischeu Traditionsliteratur. Leipzig 1905, I (Tannaiten), pp. 162-163; II

.17'1l' 26 '~1I ,(2 iT,Y;, '7'lI7) mn'n!lil 7),' 1'~O:l T1"" 0) il'1Wi11 ; (Amoraer), 174-178

1 1

j ?1m om'~

~( P ,7J::1 .n'lIV,~-n'n1'~O iT"~::1 'N (nOJ:liT n':::1:::l 'N W'i/)il n':::l:::l) rrn illV1i::1! nxrm ;,o'~n : ii"ltiT 'IV iimN/)ll:ll ni'/), l'",l:::l n,',p'l' me-en 'nIV nsu.r.,1·

:1 3.;'Oll31 'J!l:::l iTIV" iT:::l iiN'iil iTO'!lm ,inN 1"J31 'IV il,nnil 'N il7.'iPil iln'n~::I ,j }

'I 1

Komposition der agadischen Homilien', Monatschrift fiir Gescbichte und Wissenschaft des j.I Judenthums (MGW)) 28 (1879), pp. 164-175, 271-278, 337-350, 408-418, 455-462; 29

l1n::l 1" '7l1 1::1n:J)1/) 0'~'),'i1 nil iTll'1) (1880), pp. 19-23; 29 (1881), pp. 500-510

J The Jewish Encyclopaedia, New York and London 1902-1905: 'Bereshit Rabbah', III, pp.

P. Bloch, 'Studien zur Aggadah', MGWJ ; (62-65, 'Midrash Haggadah', VIII, pp. 553-554 ~l 34 (1885), pp. 174-184,210-224,257-264; W. Bacher, Die Proomien der alten judischen ;,i

:j 0'))"7., ',::1, ,'p'p~m T"im : .,')ll., 'W"~::I mnn-nnrr ,T~')";' " ; Hotnilie, Leipzig 1913

I J. Heinemann, 'The n'7))N::I') 47-43 '~11 ,1969 0'7W'" ,::I .rrnrrn 'lI'~7 '11'::I,i1 '~71),';'

Proem in the Aggadic Midrashim: A Form-Critical Study', J. Heinemann and D. Noy (eds.), !:I 'I Studies in Aggadah and Folk-Literature [Scripta Hierosolymitana 22], Jerusalem 1971, pp.

100-122; A. Goldberg, 'Versuch iiber die hermeneutische Prasupposition und Struktur der

'1 ,W"~ill il')l{il ,~" ,'7j.')'~ " ; Petiha', Frankfurter Judaistische Beitrdge 8 (1980), pp. I-59

,j T~')";' ", 7:11 mll::l'~ IlW1J:::I 0')1il 0"01l0i1 'IlW? m')Oil .1'7'Nl 445 '~),' ,1990 C"nll:::l)

H. L. Strack and G. Stemberger, Introduction to the Talmud 111'\:::1 p' ,Oi1"7.1N~::I ),:1,'7,),;1 i1,'0 '1'0,.,7 W' 11 iT~'W'7 ; and Midrash, M. Bockmiihl (trans.), Edinburgh 1996, p. 243 j

,A :J,' Nnj."001 il:l' Il'V" ,il::l' n'Wll'::I '7w mn'n~;, '7),' ,))''71'0)'j.' ,,, 71/) o"pno 71/) D. Kiinstlinger, Altjiidische Bibeldeutung; Berlin 1911; idem, Die Petichot der Pesikta) N);,:l

'1 de Rab Kahana, Krakau 1912; idem, Die Petichot des Midrasch rabba zu Leviticus, Krakau J O'::I'Wnil 1"::1' :(1913; idem, Die Petichot des Midrasch rabba zu Genesis, Krakau 1914 I

i n'I/)N'::I W,'O 'V:J711 'm '''111n " ,'ll::l' n'Wx':I W"~7 mnn!:!o, Nl::1~' ,i'::I71l 'n '7l1}

R. Sarason, 'The Petil;lOt in Leviticus Rabba: "Oral p' ; 19-14 '7.l11 ,il":lWn 0'7lV'" ,) ,il::l' t

,Homilies" or Redactional Constructions?', Journal ofJewish Studies 33 (1982), pp. 557-567t O':lOil ,nx T!)1Il::l') "::1':11::1 ilW'1, (Proem) 'i1~'j.'i1' i1n'n!):1 111' 0',nN1 '~::I ,""Ilni

I L. Baeck, 'Zwei iTl'Wm) il~lI),' ')!):J ;,tv" .,n'n~::I ;,ll' 1'7::1 '7 '7'1l' : (),:J,'7u 0) 1:l7 I P. Schafer, 'Die i111." ,Beispiele midraschischer Predigt', MGWJ 69 [1925], pp. 258-271

Peticha: Bin Proomium?', Kairos: Zeitschrift fUr Religionswissenschajt und Theologie, n.s.

m'il'7 i1:l~ilW) In),'l1il::ll ,"WN' ')1/)::1 7::1nil nx o~n TO')"" .(12 [1970], pp. 216-219

n::llll:J "'11'\i1 nll"p nil il~"i'ilW ,ilW" ll'il ;,n'n~;,w ),"11;' (11{~ 'j.'no::l nm"il i1111il

'~'Xil nx o"pln 1W,).,i1 p~ ,nll'7 1::1n:J)W c"pn~:J .(OW ,TO')"il) O"vil nO):l;' n':J:I

,[2 ;"Y;' '7'),'7] Tl0'0 7tv "01l0 ilX') ')')~?lI} 0"1::1'n:J mn'n~i1 'Ill 'n:J"l1ir'm'~Oil ·t

..i ,'Toward a New Agendum for the Study of Rabbinic Midrashic Literature' ,"~ll~ C) i111.,1 I ,18 il.,),'il ,63-62 '0),' ,'7))1{ p7n ,[I il'l1il "),'7] TO')";r 901' '~T'7 [... ] ;"m:J o"pno)

. I ,(446 '~11 ,2 ;,'lIil 7'11'7) 'il~'i';":l ;,n'nOil nN ;'ll" 7P)'!) 0) .(29 ilw;r, ,67-66 '011,

M. S. Jaffee, '7W1l'\)," P') W,'OOI n':::I::I c'~~n mW"::I ;,m':I1"';' O'v~ nil i1N11 111i1 07111

'The "Midrashic" Proem: Towards the Description of Rabbinic Exegesis', W. S. Green (ed.),

Approaches to Allciellt Judiasl1l, IV: Studies ill Liturgy, Exegesis, and Talmudic Narrative,

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55 tlnn 11'Y : iln'mlil 7Y1 'nn!l' 7Y

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il~1'ilil n~ 'T iln'pn:J ~'ll~' r~ e1:J .mnen 1"J37i1 "") 'IV n,~IV'~ il~1m 16.7'nnil = 'nn!)'

C'l'tJni1 m,~o:J 'nn~'

i1m~lV n'O'O:Jil illot,mil ~'il '37'" ~, 1"J37 il")' = 'nnn' n'~lVmil il~"ilil

'!)O~ 1'il' .e'~mil m1nO:J '37,nil 'IV i1J1V~il rns'nn ,:J l'37~:J mn37no~

17.ilJIV~il ms'nn 'n, mp,m~il ,m~~)"

"37J' ,'enD' 1nil ; mne 1"J37 '~:J' = 'nnn' .1

,~,~ ilnlotlV:J [••.] ? 7'37J' ,~ nmn, - :Jm:Jil ~:J ilI:J7 ':J, : il'~nJ " ,~~

.(il:J ,'l' '" 7Y - il ,e':JT ,~'!lO) nnnn - e'JIV 'e'~"

);"J'::I .rmn« ma-nn '::17 nrrno: nJ1~il 7::1'P O"J'::I;' ,~, 7t1l n'1::1Y::I .(1948), pp. I82ff.

M. D. Swartz, Scholastic Magic: ;'1(1 ; 0"7::1Pl o"m 0'130P13::1 1m'~::J ,)11:J'T:'1 naen

1t1lP;l::J m1t1l;l1 ,Ritual and Revelation ill Early Jewish Mysticism, Princeton 1996, pp. 44-47

'1pn~ ,')'''il ill(~il '110~ 1111'-'n7::J 'n!l1r'11i1' 11::1'n ­ "7':JtIl~il 1!l0"' ,Y~tIl-l(n " ill

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nno' 01(1') 13 ,XI p1 ,('1n' mnl( mY1t1l'::J1 ,1J'7'7;111 i1111 nnOil::l1') 17 ,X 1n'il"0 rrrren 16 ,il"::ItIln O'7t1l11' ,0':J10il n7'lt'J ,1m11il~::I 13:J'7 '1::11 illl11 ,("W!lJ Y7n' nnW01 ,'n11

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nil il":JT7.lil il'~JWil Y717 n71::Jpn ;'JtIl' O'Y13Pil 'J1l1::11 - i1Y11l1' nK::Iil1 'll 01P~~ r17'n)

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il1l11) '1Y 017t1l1 071Y nYlt1l'7 1t1l!lJ n111 71:J nm!l71' : [19 ,VII] 16 ,XV n"11ilil n7'm::l

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':J tIl')1;'7 W' .)'" n'::J 1Wpil::l '1' pnml:l" Y)1J::J )'il' ill('1 .( 42-41 '~Y ,)"13t1l,pJ'!l

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[•.•] en7:JlVil ~7 i'lJ'::J:n enl':Jil ~7 '37 'T'::J' .pmn onn e:>~ emn ':J

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13.(4Q299 fro 3c

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(e:Jnm~ 1~) 'JIVI:J IV'~'IV ,n'il 1'0 'IV' n""i'lil n,')~ 71V 'J'IV'i'l 11no:J 1:1')1

mnncnn il,n X~IV 'X ;7~i1 'T' "7'):1 'i1~:Jnj'J 1"37~ nrrnc- 71V "~" n1'll':J

"") nl'lVn'~il ,lot (15':JY~ ':J" nn'n!l) n'lVm~il illot"i1il 1~ n'37:J1' n'~J~O

Judaism', Historical Perspectives: From the Hasmoneans to Bar Kokhba in Light of the Dead

Sea Scrolls, D. Goodblatt et al. (eds.), Leiden, Boston and Koln, 2001, pp. 105-126.

L. Schiffman, 'Mysteries', T. EIgvin et al, Qumran Cave 4:XV (Discoveries in the Judaean 13 L. H. Schiffman, '4QMysteriesb, A rmem .Desert XX), Oxford 1997, pp. 43, lOG-WI

0'7Y!l::l tIll~'tIlil ,P1~:J .Preliminary Edition', Revue de Qumran 16 (1993), pp. 209-210

1nl( 1Jn' 1tvl( mnnn 1!l0;' '1::J1:J' : "10 Y,'O )1'1' I(V~::I 1::1:J 111(~ 7::11PO 'OnO'1 'onn'

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.0'I(Jnil rmaoa 'onn'1 'nn!l' 1~llil 7Y )7il7 ill(1 .) .ro 'n' rmern ,(13 ,Otv ill(11 ,1

')'1' : ptll~1 n'1::1::1 ,)1(1~1p '::In:J::J 'il")'7 'nn!l' 1'::J n71::Jpn 7W ml(~)" 11Y ill(' 14 'il~::J 1(1::1' il~ 1Y m'm 71:J::I 1J'::I'1 mp1~Y 1Y~tIl'1 .nre il~Jl11(1 m1nOJ::I il~[il'J']Y

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m)'l(il ; 'il:J1::1Y ::17 ilY1' nm!lil '71( ilnl( 111::1' : 16-15 ,XI,1n';, 110 7lD 01'0;1 n7'!ln::J

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7t1l 01)1n 'K'11::1 TI(:J '1ptll~il ,liwvoiyoo'Y'!lil ,tv 1n1'0;' lD10'tvil 7Y )'il7 ;'1('1 ,1>~iiJv

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J. Mann, 'Genizah Fragments of the Palestinian Order of ill1t1lil ; 1m' m1ml(~ m7'!ln::l

D. Flusser, 'Sanktus ;'11(1 .(Service', Hebrew Unioll College Alillual [HUCAj 2 [1925], p. 338

und Gloria', O. Betz, M. Hengel, P. Schmidt (eds.), Abraham unser Vater:Judell UlldChristell

im Gespriich iiber die Bibel (Festschrift fiir Otto Michel zum 60. Geburtstag), Leiden and

L. J. Liebreich, 'An Analysis of u-ba-Ie-ziyyon', HUCA 21 il11tvil1 jKo]n 1963, p. 143

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F. W. Gingrich, A Greek-English Lexicon oj the New Testament and Other Early Christian

(Plato, Lysis 210A) 1'1.17~X 7:iX ,::l::1 n1:P1n~ il7'~il Literature, Cambridge 1957, p. 186

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17'Xl ; 'Das Verbum [...] bed. hier den Vortrag mit einer Bibelstelle eroffnen, beginnen')

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'Altjudische Allegoristik', Bericht des jiidisch-theologischen Seminars, Breslau 1935, :1":J'

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J, o~ il"1Vill ; Untersuchungert zur Geschichteslehre del' Tannaitell, Berlin 1933,pp. 45--61;,x, .nOll,' 'w 'X1V7 ;'X"lL'il 11n ,30 )P'tJl ,"::> 7lL' ;'IT Xl;' ,pn7.'l7 O'O:J 1V7.'l'lL'lL' nOlm 79

.83 ;"Y;' )7iT7 Kugel, In Potiphar's House: The Interpretive Life of Biblical Texts, Cambridge 1990, 1994,

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X:Jn7~:Jn/) l 31ll'/)jj lV'i'~jj '!)7 ! Cmi.l/ nx 7~:J7 'x i,n07 P'O'):J ,C'/)'lVX/):1 C'i3lil n7.))":J ,:1'lrT'J'/)1il 7W I'11ll'O'J ~x 731 1:J'J C'J"il 'JlV )':J nn/)jj ? :1:Jm7 jj~'l 1'31lril 7lV X1/))iT PlV7 7.11) "iT7 i/)X ';"iT' iT"i ,:J"31 :J7 l'iiilJO 731 m~o'n:1 '731:J 7lV cn7xlV C) 'Practi.ce and Procedure', Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1131il 1m:J :In:Jw ,)il:J c"n ~~'lVil '1:J1 xp Xill' iT"i '''lVi lV'i'~:J' ,ClU 1"31 - i':J'i '1:J 1,n C'i3ljj mTn I"J3I:J 'lii7 p'/)on xm' XIlI, 1971, col. 960: 'The rule is that the youngest member of the court has the first say in m;'~X7.)il n'1'~'T"'pJ'X:1n'~!)lV/)jj n:Ji3l/):J im'/):J n'),'n 'T jj:J7jj ':J jj/)1J .("iT7 p'/)on : the deliberations, in case the junior members be unduly impressed and influenced by what i 1'im:1 1'7jj7 C':J1'Xjj C'J:J'O/)jj C'nll'31jj inx nx mpn/) X'jjlV 1:J:J •'i:J.l/jj ~~lV/)jj nx I their elders have to say; but this rule yields to another, that the deliberations must always start nx n':J'il7 ni37'l'/) iT7';' 7:JlV jji'pn7 ,lV/)/) 7lV 'jj'll'T"'P)'W7 ~~lV/)jj n:J'~jj -'T n:J1.lI/):J ni/)'Xil ,x ,~ J'11mO ,xn~o,n C) ill'lVil .with a view propounded in favor of the accused' I'11'X1 nx PTn7 'i:J C':J1 C'll/)N/) C')"i:1 C'31'j:'lV/) jj:J ilVX' ,ClVXJjj i)) C')'31'~jj np'll X'il 'I'11:JT7 iln'n~'il CX, - 'I'11:JT7 nm~ l'J"1:JW 7'1m ,nm:J/) )1'11'31 nXlr/)J' : W1'~/):J P'i7 .CWX)jj 731 Pjj7 1:J:J' ,'T jj"~) 31')/)7 X:J I'11lV~) ')'i:J 'n':JT7 iln'n~' 7lV 1'1:1 .C'131jj .1'11:J7:1:1 'nw 1':J nlV1'~/) jj1'nO ,T '1jj ,C'J"'il 7lV )n/), XlV/)jj n7nnil "7'):J l

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