員工激勵機制與問題探討 - nacs.gov.t · t&d 飛訊第176 期 發行日期:102 年10...
Transcript of 員工激勵機制與問題探討 - nacs.gov.t · t&d 飛訊第176 期 發行日期:102 年10...
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Khan, 2012; Kuvaas & Dysvik,
2009; Maithel, Chaubey, & Gupta, 2012
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Robbins, Millel, Caccioppe, &
Water-Marsh, 2001
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MaslowHierarchy of needs theory
Abraham Maslow 1943 5
5Physiological needs
Safety needs
Love and belonging
needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualization needs
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HerzbergTwo-factor theory
Motivator-hygiene theory
Herzberg 1966
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Alderfer ERGExistence- relatedness- growth theory
Alderfer 1972 ERG Maslow
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Existence Maslow
RelatednessMaslow
Growth Maslow
ERG
3 3 ERG 3
1.2.
3.
ERG
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McClellandAchievement motivation theory
McClelland 1961Three
needs theoryNeed for
achievementNeed for powerNeed for
affiliation
50%
Robbins & Judge, 2008
MaslowHerzberg Alderfer
1 MaslowHerzberg Alderfer
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1 MaslowHerzberg Alderfer
Usugami, J., & Park, K. Y. 2006. Similarities and differences in
employee motivation viewed by Korean and Japanese executives empirical study
on employee motivation management of Japanese-affiliated companies in Korea.
The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 172, 282.
Maslow
Alderfer
ERG
Herzberg
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Khan, 2012; Springer, 2011
Performance, P
Motivation, MAbility, A
Opportunity, ORobbins & Judge, 2008
P = fA M O
Levin, Hansen, & Laverie, 2012
Maslow
Maslow, 1943
Hastings, Kiely, & Watkins, 1988; Ingram & Bellemger, 1983; Locke &
Henne, 1986
Ariely, Gneezy, Loewenstein, & Mazar, 2009; Neiss,
1988
Yerkes-Dodson
Lut, 2012 U
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Ojokuku & Oyedokun, 2011
J. R. Richard Hackman Greg R.
OldhamJob characteristics model, JCM
5 Skill
variety
Task identity
Task significance
Autonomy
Feedback
Hackman & Oldham, 1975
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Motivation potential score, MPSFried & Ferris,
1987
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MPS=++/3++
Experienced meaningfulness
Experienced responsibilityKnowledge of
resultsGrowth need strength
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Tuan, L. T. 2011. Convergence of Antecedents on Work Motivation
and Work Outcomes. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 22, 55
Hackman & Oldham 1975
Tuan 2011 Hackman & Oldham 1975
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Tuan, L. T. 2011. Convergence of Antecedents on Work Motivation
and Work Outcomes. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 22, 61.
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1. Intensity2.
Direction3.
Persistence
Robbins & Judge, 2008 Vroom
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Vroom, 1964Vroom1964
Porter and Lawler 1968 Vroom 1964
Effort
PerformanceRewardSatisfaction
EP Effort Performance
PO Performance Outcome
1.
2.
3.
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Corporate identification
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4
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Career loyalty
Skinner 1971
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Alderfer, C. 1972. Existence, Relatedness and Growth. New York The Free
Press.
Ariely, D.,Gneezy, U., Loewenstein, G., & Mazar, N .2009. Large stakes and big
mistakes. Review of Economic Studies, 762, 451-469.
Fried, Y., & Ferris, G. R. 1987. The validity of the job characteristics model
A review and meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 402, 287-322.
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. 1975. Development of the job diagnostic
survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 602, 159-170.
Hastings, B., Kiely, J., & Watkins, T. 1988. Sales force motivation using travel
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Herzberg, F. 1966. Work and Nature of Man. Cleveland, OH World
Publishing Co.
Ingram, T. N., & Bellemger, D. N. 1983. Personal and organizational variables
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employees. Business Review, 72, 84-95.
Kuvaas, B., & Dysvik, A. 2009 . Perceived investment in employee
development, intrinsic motivation and work performance. Human Resource
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Levin, M. A., Hansen, J. M., & Laverie, D. A. 2012. Toward understanding
new sales employees participation in marketing-related technology
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& Sales Management, 323, 379-393.
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Locke, E. A., & Henne, D. 1986. Work motivation theory. International Review
of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 109, 1-35.
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performance in Romanian trade enterprises. Economics and Applied
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on Employee Motivation and Job Performance. International Journal of
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Maslow, A. 1943. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 504,
370-396.
McClelland, D. 1961. The Achieving Society. New York Van Nostrand and
Reinhold.
Neiss, R. 1988. Reconceptualizing arousal Psychological states in motor
performance. Psychological Bulletin, 1033, 345-366.
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among bank employees. Journal of Global Business Issues, 51, 29-42.
Tuan, L. T. 2011. Convergence of antecedents on work motivation and work
outcomes. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 22, 54-64.
Usugami, J., & Park, K. Y. 2006. Similarities and differences in employee
motivation viewed by Korean and Japanese executives Empirical study on
employee motivation management of Japanese-affiliated companies in Korea.
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The Study of Employee Motivation
Mechanism and Issues
Shu-Hao Chang
Abstract
Human resource is one of the most important assets of an organization, and
the success of an organization often depends on the performance of its employees.
Therefore, managers and researchers constantly determine the most striking
factors influencing employees motivation to identify the causes and build
mechanisms. The employee for corporate loyalty has been slowly transformed into
vocational or professional career loyalty with the changing times, and managers
how to use motivation mechanism to maintain employee loyalty, in the form and
nature of motivation has generated a certain degree of change.
The article explains the factors related employee motivation, motivation
methods, and the relationship of motivation and performance. The study also
proposes employee motivation mechanism model, divided into reward motivation,
development motivation and trust motivation, and discuss related issues arising in
order to provide the practical recommendations.
KeywordsEmployee Motivation, Human Resource
Associate researcher, Science & Technology Policy Research and Information Center, National Applied Research
Laboratories.