逢 甲 大 學 自動控制工程學系專題製作 專 題 論 文 · 應用LVDT...
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逢 甲 大 學 自動控制工程學系專題製作 專 題 論 文 行車記錄器- 應用 LVDT 於剎車與油門之研究 Based on LVDT to Brake and Throttle Sensing for Tachographs 指導教授：洪三山 學 生：黃俊凱 葉冠廷 蔡明翰 中 華 民 國 九 十 九 年 六 月
Transcript of 逢 甲 大 學 自動控制工程學系專題製作 專 題 論 文 · 應用LVDT...
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LVDT Based on LVDT to Brake and Throttle Sensing
for Tachographs
i
ii
LVDT
Linear Variable Differential Transformer
C8051 A/D
EE-PROM
iii
Abstract
In the realm of safety oversight, tachographs can be used as the vehicle's safety
monitoring; accident reconstruction can also be associated with the technology of
identification of the cause of the accident. In this study, the application of LVDT
(linear variable differential transformer) sensor on the brake pedal out of their
displacement, and will be the detected voltage signal through the design of low cost
and simple circuit to process signals in order to read, analyze, including the power
circuit, oscillation circuit, clamp circuit, amplification circuit. The overall scope of the
study included vehicle acceleration, steering angle, turn signals, brake lights and the
digital signal study.
Both single-chip C8051 to A / D conversion, through converted digital signal and
then deposited in EE-PROM memory, again then through the computer software will
be stored in data and showed the processing, so it will be able to traffic accident
identification of additional valid evidence.
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Abstract...................................................................................................................... iii
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........................................................................................................................... vi
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.......................................................................................................... 1
1.1 ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 ................................................................................................... 1
1.3 ................................................................................................... 2
1.4 ................................................................................................... 2
........................................................................................ 3
2.1 ................................................................................... 3
2.1.1 .......................................................................... 3
2.1.2 .......................................................................... 4
2.1.3 .......................................................................... 4
2.1.4 .......................................................................... 5
2.2 ................................................................................... 5
2.3 ................................................................................... 5
2.4 LVDT .......................................................... 6
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2.5 LVDT ...................................................................... 7
2.6 LVDT .................................................................. 7
2.7 LVDT ............................................................ 12
2.8 LVDT .................................................................... 12
2.9 ......................................................................................... 13
.................................................................................................. 14
3.1 ......................................................................................... 14
3.2 ......................................................................................... 14
3.3 ................................................................................. 14
3.4 ................................................................................................. 16
3.5 ................................................................................................. 17
.................................................................................................. 18
4.1 LVDT ................................................ 18
4.2 LVDT ............................ 20
4.2.1 Rectifier Circuit ................................................... 20
4.2.2 Half-wave-rectifier Circuit ........................... 20
4.2.3 ...................................................... 20
4.3 ................................................................................................. 21
4.4 ............................................................................. 24
............................................ 26
...................................................................................................................... 27
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../../Administrator//QQ.docx - _Toc185605443
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2.1 .................................................................. 3
2.2 .......................................................................... 4
2.3 .................................................................................. 5
2.4 .......................................................................... 8
2.5 LVDT ...................................................................... 9
2.6 .................................................................... 10
2.7 LVDT ............................................................................ 10
2.8 LVDT ............................................................ 11
2.9 .................................................................... 11
2.10 LVDT ........................................................................................ 12
2.11 LVDT ................................................................ 12
2.12 ................................................................................ 13
3.1 ........................................................................................ 14
3.2 ................................................................................................ 15
3.3 ............................................................................................ 16
3.4 ........................................................................................ 16
3.5 ............................................................................................ 17
3.6 ................................................................................................ 17
4.1 .... 19
4.2 LVDT .................................................................... 19
4.3 ........................................................................................ 20
4.4 .................................................................................... 20
4.5 ........................................................................................ 20
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4.6 ................................................................ 21
4.7 ................................................................ 21
4.8 .................................................... 22
4.9 -.......................................................... 23
4.10 -.............................................................................. 23
4.11 ................................................................................................ 24
4.12 -.......................................................................... 24
5.1 ............................................................................................ 26
6.1 ............................................................................................ 28
6.2 .................................................................... 28
6.3 ............................................................................................ 29
6.4 ............................................................................................ 29
6.5 LVDT ............................................... 30
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4.9 .............................................................................. 6
4.10 LVDT ............................................ 18
4.11 LVDT ................................ 25
1
1.1
1.2
2
1.3
1.4
3
2.1
2.1.1
I1
H1Lenz's law
H2 I2
2.1
4
1.
2.3.4.
5.6.
2.1.2
1.
2.3.4.
5.6.
2.1.3
670mm CCD
PSD
2.2
1.-2.- PCB 3.-
4.-5.-6.-
5
2.1.4
2.3
2.2
LVDT
2.3
6
2.1
LVDT
500mm 1000mm 80mm 1000mm
Good Good Good Normal
Medium High High Medium
Low Low Low High
Normal Easy Easy Easy
2.4 LVDT
LVDT
LVDT LVDT
LVDT
LVDT LVDT
LVDT
LVDT LVDT
7
LVDT
LVDT
2.5 LVDT
LVDT
LVDT LVDT
AC
2.6 LVDT
LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer
(Primary)
(Secondary Coil)(Lenz's Law)
V
8
LVDT
2.4
E1 L1 R1 M1M2
12 L21L22
R21R22
E21 j M1 I1
E22 j M2 I1
E2 = E21 E22j ( M1M2 ) I1
9
M1M2M E20M1
M2
M1= M M1
M2=M M2
LVDT M1 = M 2 = M (M1M 2)
E2j ( M1M2 ) I1
LVDT
LVDT
2.5 LVDT
1 1 2
10
2.6
180
LVDT
2.7 LVDT
VacLVDT V1V2
V1V2
11
2.8 LVDT
4 5
2.9
12
2.7 LVDT
LVDT LVDT
LVDT
LVDT
LVDT
2.10 LVDT
2.8 LVDT
LVDT 1.
2. 3. 4.
5.
2.11 LVDT
13
2.9
LVDT
C8051 A/D EE-PROM
(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory )
2.11
2.12
14
3.1
PT15(15-0-15) C1C2
78157915 IC ( 12VDC)
3.1
3.2
LVDT
Wiwn Bridge Oscillator LVDT
1kHz
3.3
RC 3.2
TL072 RC
15
3.2
A B
1
3 10k 3.3k
C0C4C3R0R8R9
R0C0
16
3.4
3.3
3.4
17
3.5 3.6
3.5
1kHz C1C20.01FR1R215k
f
1.061kHz
18
4.1 LVDT
LVDT LVDT
LVDT
1.8 LVDT 0.022cm
4.1 LVDT
0.000cm -0.10V 0.748cm -1.48V 1.496cm 1.75V0.022cm -0.12V 0.770cm -1.40V 1.518cm 1.73V0.044cm -0.14V 0.792cm -1.35V 1.540cm 1.71V0.066cm -0.17V 0.814cm -1.27V 1.562cm 1.69V0.088cm -0.20V 0.836cm -1.20V 1.584cm 1.66V0.110cm -0.25V 0.858cm -1.09V 1.606cm 1.61V0.132cm -0.30V 0.880cm -1.00V 1.628cm 1.57V0.154cm -0.36V 0.902cm -0.87V 1.650cm 1.51V0.176cm -0.43V 0.924cm -0.75V 1.672cm 1.45V0.198cm -0.51V 0.946cm -0.63V 1.694cm 1.40V0.220cm -0.62V 0.968cm -0.50V 1.716cm 1.30V0.242cm -0.72V 0.990cm -0.36V 1.738cm 1.22V0.264cm -0.83V 1.012cm -0.25V 1.760cm 1.15V0.286cm -0.93V 1.034cm 0.00V 1.782cm 1.06V0.308cm -1.07V 1.056cm 0.14V 1.804cm 0.98V0.330cm -1.18V 1.078cm 0.27V 1.826cm 0.90V0.352cm -1.25V 1.100cm 0.40V 1.848cm 0.82V 0.374cm -1.36V 1.122cm 0.55V 1.870cm 0.71V 0.396cm -1.45V 1.144cm 0.67V 1.892cm 0.63V 0.418cm -1.50V 1.166cm 0.81V 1.914cm 0.55V 0.440cm -1.60V 1.188cm 0.92V 1.936cm 0.48V 0.462cm -1.65V 1.210cm 1.05V 1.958cm 0.40V 0.484cm -1.70V 1.232cm 1.17V 1.980cm 0.35V 0.506cm -1.73V 1.254cm 1.25V 2.002cm 0.29V
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4.1 LVDT 0.528cm -1.75V 1.276cm 1.35V 2.024cm 0.25V 0.550cm -1.75V 1.298cm 1.43V 2.046cm 0.20V 0.572cm -1.75V 1.320cm 1.50V 2.068cm 0.17V 0.594cm -1.73V 1.342cm 1.52V 2.09cm 0.14V 0.616cm -1.71V 1.364cm 1.61V 2.112cm 0.12V 0.638cm -1.68V 1.386cm 1.65V 2.134cm 0.00V 0.660cm -1.66V 1.408cm 1.69V 0.682cm -1.62V 1.430cm 1.71V 0.704cm -1.57V 1.452cm 1.73V 0.726cm -1.53V 1.474cm 1.74V
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
0.2
2
0.3
7
0.5
3
0.6
8
0.8
4
0.9
9
1.1
4
1.3
1.4
5
1.6
1
1.7
6
1.9
1
2.0
7
2.2
2
(cm)
(V)
4.1
4.2 LVDT
20
4.2 LVDT
4.2.1 Rectifier Circuit
LVDT
4.2.2 Half-wave-rectifier Circuit
ON 4. 3
OFF 4. 4
4.3 4.4
4.5
4.2.3
21
4.6
4.3
LVDT
A741
LVDT
A741 VR1 LVDT
VR2
4.7
22
XY10k1N60 Cut-in Voltage
4.8
23
4.9 -
4.10 -
24
4.4
C8051 A/D
C8051 05V
4.11
4.12 -
25
4.2 LVDT
0.000cm 1.660V 0.770cm -0.006V 1.540cm 3.200V0.022cm 1.660V 0.792cm -0.006V 1.562cm 3.200V0.044cm 1.660V 0.814cm -0.006V 1.584cm 3.200V0.066cm 1.660V 0.836cm -0.006V 1.606cm 3.200V0.088cm 1.650V 0.858cm -0.006V 1.628cm 3.200V0.110cm 1.650V 0.880cm -0.006V 1.650cm 3.200V0.132cm 1.640V 0.902cm -0.006V 1.672cm 3.200V0.154cm 1.640V 0.924cm 0.002V 1.694cm 3.200V0.176cm 1.630V 0.946cm 0.009V 1.716cm 3.200V0.198cm 1.620V 0.968cm 0.190V 1.738cm 3.200V0.220cm 1.610V 0.990cm 0.280V 1.760cm 3.200V0.242cm 1.610V 1.012cm 0.380V 1.782cm 3.200V0.264cm 1.600V 1.034cm 0.430V 1.804cm 3.180V0.286cm 1.590V 1.056cm 0.560V 1.826cm 3.070V0.308cm 1.570V 1.078cm 0.680V 1.848cm 3.000V0.330cm 1.520V 1.100cm 0.820V 1.870cm 2.910V0.352cm 1.460V 1.122cm 0.970V 1.892cm 2.790V0.374cm 1.400V 1.144cm 1.040V 1.914cm 2.690V0.396cm 1.310V 1.166cm 1.200V 1.936cm 2.590V0.418cm 1.220V 1.188cm 1.340V 1.958cm 2.490V0.440cm 1.110V 1.210cm 1.490V 1.980cm 2.400V0.462cm 1.020V 1.232cm 1.620V 2.002cm 2.370V0.484cm 0.960V 1.254cm 1.760V 2.024cm 2.270V0.506cm 0.820V 1.276cm 1.930V 2.046cm 2.200V0.528cm 0.690V 1.298cm 2.090V 2.068cm 2.120V0.550cm 0.560V 1.320cm 2.250V 2.090cm 2.040V0.572cm 0.420V 1.342cm 2.400V 2.112cm 2.000V0.594cm 0.350V 1.364cm 2.570V 2.134cm 1.950V0.616cm 0.230V 1.386cm 2.730V 2.156cm 1.900V0.638cm 0.160V 1.408cm 2.880V 2.178cm 1.850V0.660cm 0.050V 1.430cm 3.000V 2.200cm 1.810V0.682cm 0.006V 1.452cm 3.130V 2.222cm 1.790V0.704cm -0.006V 1.474cm 3.200V 2.244cm 1.770V0.726cm -0.006V 1.496cm 3.200V 2.266cm 1.750V0.748cm -0.006V 1.518cm 3.200V 2.288cm 1.730V
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5.1
LVDT
x - t - v t
- a t -
27
[1] 2007 2
[2] ()2003
[3] 2009 06
[4] 1978
[5] 8051 2000 9
[6] 8051 - 2002 9
[7] 8051/8052 IC
1990
[8] 2005 10
28
6.1
6.2
29
6.3
6.4
30
6.5 LVDT
31
[1] 2007 2
[2] ()2003
[3] 2009 06
[4] 1978
[5] 8051 2000 9
[6] 8051 - 2002 9
[7] 8051/8052 IC
1990
[8] 2005 10
