karGegáttamRKÜsarCnbT elIPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSúaM ...RBHraCaNacRkkm

RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa Cati sasna RBHmhakSRt

ruiqivs

karGegáttamRKÜsarCnbT elIPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSúaM cMeBaHeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu

RksYgbrisßan 2005

1

matikaGtßbT

I. savta nigTisedAénKMerag ........................................................................................................................4

1.1. savtaénKMerag .............................................................................................................................................4

1.2. TisedA ...........................................................................................................................................................4

II. viFIsaRsþGegát ...............................................................................................................................................5

2.1. kareRCÍsTItaMgsMrab;GegátPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSaMucMeBaHeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu ........................5

2.2. kareRCÍsTItaMgsMrab;GegátPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSaMucMeBaHCMgWRKuncaj; ................................................8

2.3. viFIsaRsþGegát............................................................................................................................................10

III. karviPaKsßitielIbBa¢IsMnYr)anBIkarGegát ................................................................................................11

3.1. eRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu .........................................................................................................................11

3.1.1. sMNMulkçN³énRKYsar .............................................................................................................................12

3.1.2. TwkCMnn;.................................................................................................................................................13

3.1.3. PaBraMgs¶Üt............................................................................................................................................14

3.1.4. karRbkasGasnñ nigCMnYyeRkayeRKaHmhnþray .......................................................................................16

3.1.5. xül;BüúH................................................................................................................................................17

3.2. CMgWRKuncaj;.................................................................................................................................................17

IV. karviPaKKuNPaBelIeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatutambNþaextþEdl)anGegát .............................20

4.1. extþbnÞaymanC½y......................................................................................................................................20

4.1.1. RsukmgÁlburI .........................................................................................................................................20

4.1.2. RsukRBHenRtRBH....................................................................................................................................21

4.2. extþ)at;dMbg ................................................................................................................................................21

4.2.1. RsukemagbJsSI...........................................................................................................................................21

4.3. extþkMBt ......................................................................................................................................................21

4.3.1 RsukbnÞaymas .....................................................................................................................................21

4.3.2. RsukkMBg;Rtac .......................................................................................................................................22

4.3.3. RsukkMBt ..............................................................................................................................................22

4.4. extþkNþal .................................................................................................................................................23

4.4.1. RsukkNþalsÞwg .....................................................................................................................................23

4.4.2. RsukxSac;kNþal....................................................................................................................................23

4.4.3. RsuklVaÉm ............................................................................................................................................24

4.5. extþekaHkug..................................................................................................................................................24

4.5.1. RsukkMBg;sIla.......................................................................................................................................24

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4.5.2. RsukekaHkug ..........................................................................................................................................25

4.5.3. RsukERsGMbil .......................................................................................................................................25

4.6. extþkMBg;cam ...............................................................................................................................................26

4.6.1. Rsuk)aFay ...........................................................................................................................................26

4.6.2. Rsukkgmas..........................................................................................................................................26

4.6.3. RsukRsIsn§r ..........................................................................................................................................26

4.7. extþkMBg;qñaMg ...............................................................................................................................................26

4.7.1. RsukbribUN’ ...........................................................................................................................................27

4.7.2. RsukkMBg;RtLac....................................................................................................................................27

4.8. RkugRBHsIhnu ..............................................................................................................................................27

4.8.1. sgáat;éRBnub .........................................................................................................................................27

4.8.2. sgáat;eCÍgeKa ........................................................................................................................................27

4.9. extþkMBg;s<W ..................................................................................................................................................28

4.9.1. Rsukc,armn ..........................................................................................................................................28

4.9.2. RsuksMeragTg .......................................................................................................................................28

4.10. extþkMBg;FM...............................................................................................................................................28

4.10.1. RsukkMBg;sVay ......................................................................................................................................28

4.10.2. RsukR)asaTsMbUr ...................................................................................................................................29

4.10.3. RsuksnÞúk..............................................................................................................................................29

4.10.4. RsuksÞwgEsn .........................................................................................................................................29

4.11. extþRkecH................................................................................................................................................30

4.11.1. RsukRkecH ............................................................................................................................................30

4.11.2. RsukERBkRbsb;.....................................................................................................................................30

4.12. extþéRBEvg .............................................................................................................................................30

4.12.1. RsukkMBg;RtEbk ....................................................................................................................................30

4.12.2. RsuksuIFrkNþal RsukéRBEvg RsukBaraMg nigRsukRBHesþc .........................................................................31

4.13. extþeBaFisat; .........................................................................................................................................31

4.13.1. Rsuk)akan ............................................................................................................................................31

4.13.2. RsukkeNþóg ..........................................................................................................................................32

4.14. extþrtnKirI ...............................................................................................................................................32

4.14.1. RsukevÍnés ...........................................................................................................................................32

4.14.2. RsuklMpat; ............................................................................................................................................32

4.15. extþesomrab...........................................................................................................................................32

4.15.1. RsukCÍERkg ...........................................................................................................................................33

4.15.2. RsukRkLaj;..........................................................................................................................................33

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4.15.3. RsukBYk ................................................................................................................................................33

4.15.4. RsuksVayelI .........................................................................................................................................33

4.16. extþsVayerog .........................................................................................................................................34

4.16.1. RsukkMBg;eraT× ........................................................................................................................................34

4.16.2. RsuksVayRCMuM..........................................................................................................................................34

4.17. extþtaEkv...............................................................................................................................................35

4.17.1. RsukKirIvg;..............................................................................................................................................35

4.17.2. RsukekaHGENþt ....................................................................................................................................35

4.17.3. RsukRtaMkk;............................................................................................................................................35

V. esckþIsnñidæan ...............................................................................................................................................36

Éksareyag ...........................................................................................................................................................38

4

I. savta nigTisedAénKMerag 1.1. savtaénKMerag

enAkñúgr)aykarN_qñaM 2001 rbs;xøÜn sþIBIplb:HBal; karbnSaMu nigPaBgayrgeRKaHcMeBaHkarERbRbYlGakas Fatu RkumkargarGnþrrdæaPi)alTTYlbnÞúkkic©karERbRbYlGakasFatu(IPCC) )aneFVIesckþIsnñidæanGMBI PaBeCOCak;kMrit x<s;mYyEdlfa karERbRbYlsItuNðPaBnaeBlfμ Í²enHenAkñúgtMbn; )anbgáplb:HBal;EdlGackt;sMKal;)ancMeBaH RbB½n§eGkULÚsIuCÍvsaRsþ nigbrisßanrUbv½n (IPCC, 2001). edayELk manPsþútagbgðajfa RbB½n§brisßanEdlmnusS rs;enA)anrg\T§iBledaysarkMenInénkrNITwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt. tamkarBüakrN_ PaBERbRbYlénGakasFatu GacnaM[manplví)akcMeBaHRbB½n§ClsaRsþnigFnFanTwk ksikmμnigsnþisuxes,óg RbB½n§eGkULÚsIuEdndIeKak nig Twksab RbB½n§eGkULÚsIutMbn;eqñrnigsmuRT nigsuxPaBmnusS. plb:HBal;GvíC¢manmanCaGaT× kMenInvísalPaBénTwk CMnn; nig PaBraMgs¶Üt nigkarxUcxatenAkñúgtMbn;RtCak;bgÁÜr nigtMbn;RtUBik karfycuHTinñpldMNaM brimaNTwkfycuH kMenIncMnYnRbCaCn EdlRbQmnwgPñak;garcMlgeraK nigCMgWqøgtamRbPBTwk.

RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaEdlCaRbeTsEdlBwgEp¥ky:agsMxan;elIksikmμ gayrgeRKaHy:agxøaMgcMeBaHplb:H Bal;bNþalBIkarERbRbYlGakasFatu. plitkmμksikmμBwgEp¥kelIkarCn;lic nigkarRskcuHRbcaMqñaMénTwkbwgTenø sab nigTenøemKgÁ. kMenInnIv:UTwksmuRTGacCH\T§iClelIeqñrsmuRTénRbeTsenHEdlmanRbEvg435K>m. CMgWqøg tamRbPBTwk CaBiess CMgWRKuncaj; Gacraldalkan;EtxøaMgenAkñúglkçxNÐénkarERbRbYlGakasFatu.

bcú©b,nñ edaysarBMuTan;GaceFVIkarBüakrN_)anenAeLIy GMBIplb:HBal;GvíC¢manénkarERbRbYlGakasFatu enAkMrittMbn; nigmUldæan IPCC)anGHGag[mankarBRgwgsmtßPaBbnSaMucMeBaHkarpøas;bþÚrénlkçxNÐGakasFatu nig sßanPaBGakasFatuGaRkk;(IPCC, 2001). RbeTsRkIRkmanFnFan nigsmtßPaBtictYcbMputedIm,IeFVIkarbnSaMu ehtuenHKWCa RbeTsEdlgayrgeRKaHbMput. KMeragenHEdlmaneQ μaHfa {karksagkmμvíFICatibnSaMucMeBaHkarERbRbYl GakasFatu}(NAPA) sMedAksagkmμvíFIskm μPaB nigGaTiPaBCatiRbkbedayPaBR)akdRbCaedIm,IedaHRsaytMrUv karrbs;RbeTskm<úCakñúg karbnSaMucMeBaH\T§iBlGvíC¢manénkarERbRbYlGakasFatu (UNDP, 2003). eKaledAén KMeragenHmanCaGaT× ¬1¦ eFVIkarsMeyaKB½t’mansþIBIplb:HBal;GvíC¢manénkarERbRbYlGakasFatu lkçxNÐGakas Fatu nigkarbnSaMu cMeBaHeRKaHFm μCatiénGakasFatuenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa ¬2¦ eFVIGtþsBaØaN nigcat;CaGaTiPaBnUv skm μPaBEdlmanskþanuBl sMrab;bnSaMucMeBaHlkçxNÐGakasFatu sßanPaBGakasFatuGaRkk; nigkarERbRbYl GakasFatu. KMeragNAPA)an TTYlmUlniFiBIshKmn_GnþrCati tamry³fvíkabdiPaKcMeBaHmUlniFibrisßan BiPBelak (GEF) . 1.2. TisedA

ÉksarENnaMsMrab;erobcMkmμvíFICatibnSaMucMeBaHkarERbRbYlGakasFatu esckþIsMercelx 28 kñúgsnñisITelIk TI 7 énbNþaPaKI (CoP-7) kñúgGnusBaØaRkbxNÐshRbCaCatisþIBIkarERbRbYlGakasFatu(UNFCCC) )anpþl;víFI saRsþCamUldæansMrab;erobcMNAPA enAkñúgbNþaRbeTsRkIRk (UNFCCC, 2002) . kareFVIGtþsBaØaNskm μPaB bnSaMuCaGaTiPaBKWCaeKaledAcMbgénNAPA. karerobcMNAPA)anGnuvtþn_eTAtamdMenIrkarRbkbedaykarcUlrYm

5

Edl)ankarBak;B½n§BIsMNak;GñkrgeRKaHbMputBIplb:HBal;énGakasFatu nigRbCaCnRkIRkenACnbT. NAPARtUv )anerobcMeLIgedayEp¥kelIyuT§saRsþedaHRsaymanRsab;nanaEdl)anGnuvtþedayshKmn_mUldæan kñúgbMNgBRgwg smtßPaBbnSaMurbs;BYkKat;. BiessCagenHeTot TisedAénskm μPaBbnSaMuCaGaTiPaBrbs;KMeragNAPA manCaT× ¬1¦ EsVgyl;BIsMNMulkçN³éneRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatukñúgRbeTskm<úCa ¬2¦EsVgyl;BIyuT§saRsþedaHRsayenA fñak;eRkambMput ¬3¦ EsVgyl;BIkm μvíFImanRsab; nigkarcat;Ecgsßab½nsMrab;edaHRsayeRKaHFm μCatiGakasFatu nig karERbRbYlGakasFatu nig¬4¦ eFVIGtþsBaØaN nigcat;CaGaTiPaBbNþaskm μPaBbnSaMucMeBaHeRKaHmhnþrayGakas Fatu nigkarERbRbYlGakasFatu. II. viFIsaRsþGegát 2.1. kareRCÍsTItaMgsMrab;GegátPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSaMucMeBaHeRKaHFm μCatiGakasFatu

kareRCÍsTItaMgGegátsMrab;eFVIGtþsBaØaN nigcat;GaTiPaBnUvskm μPaBbnSaMucMeBaHeRKaHFm μCatiGakasFatu nigkarERbRbYlGakasFatu)anRbRBwtþeTACaBIrCMhan. CMhanTImYyrYmman kareRCÍsextþ nigCMhanTIBIr KWkarkMNt; Rsuk nigXMuEdlRtUvGegát. dMeNIrkarenHyklMnaMtamzananuRkmrdæ)alkñúgRbeTskm<úCa eBalKW extþ Rsuk XMu nig PUmi. PUmiKWCarcnasm<½n§rdæ)alfñak;TabbMput. enAkñúgCMhanTImYy kareRCÍsenH)aneFVIeLIgedayEp¥kelITItaMgPUmi saRsþénextþ nigtMbn;valERsEdlrgeRKaHedayPaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn; rvagqñaM1982 nig 2002 (CRC, 2003a

2003b). enAkñúgCMhanTIBIr kareRCÍsRsuk nigXMu)aneFVIeLIgEp¥kelIplb:HBal;cMeBaHRbCaBlrdæ RTBüsm,tþi nig GNþÚgTwk bNþalBITwkCMnn;F¶n;F¶rkñúgqñaM 2000. kareRbIR)as;víFanxusKñaedIm,IeRCÍsTItaMgEbbenHekItecjBIkarxVH Tinñn½yTUeTA nigTinñn½yeTAtamkalevlacaM)ac;.

CMhanTImYy³ kMritrgeRKaH(LV) cMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn; éntMbn;daMRsUvenAkñúgextþ edayEp¥kelIépÞdI CamFümEdlrgkarxUcxat. bnÞab;mktYelxénkMritrgeRKaHRtUv)anbMElgCaBinÞú BI 0 dl; 10 EdlkMritrgeRKaHF¶n;F¶r CageKtagedayBinÞú 10. tYelxkMritrgeRKaHRtUv)anEbgEckCabYnRkumdUcmanbgðajkñúgtaragTI 1.

taragTI 1. kMritrgeRKaH (LV) Ep¥ktamBinÞú

l>r BinÞútMNagkMritrgeRKaH kMritrgeRKaH 1 LV>7 rgeRKaHF¶n;F¶r 2 3<LV≤7 gayrgeRKaH 3 0.5<LV≤3 gayrgeRKaHbgÁÜr 4 LV≤0.5 rgeRKaHkMritTab

CMhanTIBIr ³ TwkCMnn;kñúgRbeTskm<úCaKWCaeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatucMbg. vtþmanTinñn½ysþIBIplb:HBal;

bNþalBITwkCMnn;minmanlMGitRKb;RKan;dUcKñaeLIy EdlkñúgenaHTinñn½yGMBICMnn;F¶n;F¶rkñúgqñaM2000 maneRcInCageK. B½t’manEdlRbmUl)anedayGgÁkar)aTRkhmkm<úCa (CRC, 2003a 2003b) manCaGaT× ³

1. cMnYnRbCaBlrdærgeRKaH rgrbYs¼ekItCMgW nig)at;bg;CÍvít

6

2. vísalPaBénépÞdIdMNaMEdlxUcxat (épÞdIERs nigcMkar 1) 3. cMnYnstVBahn³Edl)at;bg; (eKa RkbI nigRCUk)

4. cMnYnlMenAsßanEdlxUcxat nig

5. cMnYnGNþÚgEdlliclg; . enAkñúgkarvíPaK Tinñn½yTaMgGs;RtUv)ancat;bBa©ÚlCabIRkum: (i) GRta)at;bg; (ii) karxUcxatRTBüsm,tþi (iii)

nig cMnYnGNþÚgEdlliclg; . GRta)at;bg;(LF) qøúHbBa©aMgBIcMnYnRbCaBlrdæEdlrgeRKaH b¤rgrbYs nig)at;bg;CÍvít. rUbmnþKNnaGRta)at;bg;mandUcxageRkam :

∑=

=n

iii PwLF

1

Edl i-tagkrNIRbCaBlrdærgeRKaH rgrbYs nig)at;bg;CÍvít w-tagemKuNtMNagkrNInImYy² nig P-tag cMnYnRbCaBlrdæRtUvKñanwgkrNInImYy². kñúgkarvíPaKenH emKuNsMrab;RbCaBlrdærgeRKaHKW 0,2 rgrbYsKW 0,3 nig )at;bg;CÍvítKW 0,5 .

karxUcxatRTBüsm,tþi(PL) RtUv)ankMnt;CabrimaNEdl)at;bg;srub (ksikm μ stVBahn³ niglMenAsßan)

nigtMélesdækic©énRTBüsm,tþiEdl)at;bg;TaMgenaH . rUbmnþeRbIR)as;kñúgkarKNnaKW ³

∑=

=n

iii PlcLF

1

Edl i-tagkrNIénkar)at;bg;RTBüsm,tþi c-tagtMélesdækic©énRTBüsm,tþiEdlxUcxat nig Pl-tagRbePT RTBüsm,tþiEdlxUcxat. cMeBaHERs nigcMkar Tinñn½yEdlmanKW épÞdIsrubEdlrgeRKaH nigxUcxat cMnYnstVEdl )at;bg; niglMenAsßanEdlxUcxatxøH² b¤xUcxatTaMgRsug. karvíPaKenaH)ansnμtfa épÞdIrgeRKaHGacpþl;pl)anRtwm 50%énTinñplsMrab;qñaMFm μta. TinñplRsUvkñúgqñaMFmμtaRtUv)an):an;RbmaNCamFümTUTaMgRbeTsRtwm 1,7 etan¼h>t rIÉcMkar¬sMrab;eBatEtb:ueNÑaH¦ TinñplCamFümTUTaMgRbeTsman 2,08etan¼h>t(NIS, 2003). tMélRsUvenATIpSar RtUv)ansn μtRtwm 100 duløaGaemrik nigeBatKW 120duløaGaemrik. cMeBaHstVBahn³ tMélenAelITIpSarEdl)ansnμt sMrab;RCUkmYyk,alKW 300 duløaGaemrik nig eKamYyk,alKW 1.000 duløaGaemrik. éføcMNaysMrab;sg;pÞHeLIgvíj RtUv)ansn μtCamFüm 500 duløaGaemrik. éføcMNaysMrab;CYsCulpÞHEdlxUcxatxøH²RtUv)ansnμtRtwm50%énéføsg; pÞHTaMgmUl. cMeBaHGNþÚgTwk GRtaxUcxatRtUv)ankMnt;CacMnYnGNþÚgEdlliclg;. bnÞab;mktYelxénGRta)at;bg;RtUv )anbMElgCaBinÞú BI 0 dl; 10.

kMritrgeRKaH(LV) cMeBaHTwkCMnn;éntMbn;mYyRtUv)anKNnaCaplbUkénGRta)at;bg;Edl)anKitbBa©Úl emKuNsMrab;krNInImYy²edayELkBIKña . rUbmnþ sMrab;KNnamandUcteTA:

∑=

=n

iii LFwLV

1

enAkñúgkarvíPaKenH tMélemKuNénGRta)at;bg;KW 0,3 karxUcxatRTBüsm,tþiKW 0,5 nigGNþÚgliclg;KW 0,2. GRtargeRKaHRtUv)anEckCabYnRkum dUcmanbgðajkñúgtaragTI l.

1 cMkar KWCacMENkdIksikm μEdlmandaMbEnø nigeQIhUbEpø .

7

Ep¥ktamTItaMgPUmisaRsþ bNþaextþEdl)aneRCÍssMrab;karGegátRtUv)anEbgEckCabYntMbn;: 1. tMbn;TI 1 rYmmanbNþaextþsßitenAPaKxageCÍgénTIRkugPñMeBj tambeNþayTenøemKgÁ nigTenøsab eBalKW

extþ sÞwgERtg RkecH kMBg;cam nigextþkNþal. 2. tMbn;TI 2 rYmmanbNþaextþenAPaKxagt,ÚgTIRkugPMñeBj tambeNþaydgTenøemKgÁ nigTenø)asak; eBalKW

extþ éRBEvg sVayerog nigtaEkv. 3. tMbn;TI 3 rYmmanbNþaextþenACMuvíjbwgTenøsab eBalKW extþ esomrab kMBg;FM kMBg;qñaMg eBaFisat; )at;dMbg

nigbnÞaymanC½y .

4. tMbn;TI 4 rYmmanbNþaextþenAtambeNþayeqñrsmuRTkm<úCa eBalKW extþkMBt ekaHkug nigRkugRBHsIhnu. sMNMulkçN³énTwkCMnn;kñúgkñúgtMbn;nImYy²kñúgcMeNamtMbn;TaMgbYnxagelImansPaBxusKña. kñúgtMbn;TI 1 Twk

CMnn;manry³eBlxøIbgÁÜr(1-2s)aþh_) b:uEnþTwkCMnn;GacekIteLIgelIsBImYyelIkkñúgmYyqñaM. enAkñúgtMbn;TI2 TwkCMnn; manry³eBlEvgCag(y:agehacNas;mYyEx) b:uEnþCaFm μtaTwkCMnn;ekIteLIgRtwmEtmþgb:ueNÑaHkñúgmYyqñaM. kñúgtMbn;TI 3 sMNMulkçN³énTwkCMnn;mansPaBCabnSMénCMnn;kñúgtMbn;TI 1 nigTI 2 nigGaRs½ytamTItaMgénextþEdlsßitenA Cítb¤ q¶ayBIbwgTenøsab. kñúgtMbn;TI4 bNþaextþtMbn;eqñrRbQmnwgTwksmuRTeCar karRCabcUlénTwksmuRTnigxül;BüúH .

Tinñn½yGMBIPaBraMgs¶Üt nigCMnn; BIqñaM 1982 dl;qñaM 2002 bgðajy:agc,as;fa bNþaextþEdlgayrgeRKaH cMeBaHTwkCMnn;k¾gayrgeRKaHcMeBaHPaBraMgs¶ÜtdUcKñaEdr ¬rUbTI 1¦. éRBEvgKWCaextþmYykñúgcMeNamextþnanaEdlgay rgeRKaHbMputcMeBaHTwkCMnn; rIÉextþ)at;dMbg gayrgeRKaHbMputcMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt. rUbTI 1 k¾bgðajpgEdrfa extþEdl gayrgeRKaHcMeBaHTwkCMnn; mancMnYneRcInextþEdlrgeRKaHcMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt.

rUbTI 1. kMritrgeRKaHcMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn; énextþnImYy²

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No Cluster Cluster-1 Cluster 2 Cluster 3

8

Tinñn½yGMBIplb:HBal;énTwkCMnn;qñaM2000 bgðajBITMrg;Rbhak;RbEhlKñaénPaBrgeRKaH(rUbTI2 cf.rUbTI 1). Ep¥ktamlkçN³vínicä½yTaMgbIEdl)aneRbIR)as; ¬kar)at;bg; karxUcxatRTBüsm,tþi nigcMnYnGNþÚgEdlliclg;¦ extþ éRBEvgTMngCagayrgeRKaHbMput extþcMnYnbYnsßitkñúgsßanPaBgayrgeRKaH nigextþcMnYnR)aMbI gayrgeRKaHCabgÁÜr. b:uEnþ ebIniyayBIGRta)at;bg; extþkNþal éRBEvg nigkMBt gayrgeRKaHbMput.

rUbTI 2. kMritrgeRKaHcMeBaHTwkCMnn; énextþnImYy² 2.2. kareRCÍsTItaMgsMrab;GegátPaBgayrgeRKaH nigbnSaMucMeBaHCMgWRKuncaj; mCÄmNÐlkMcat;CMgWRKuncaj; nigeraKesIEs,k)ankMnt;RbeTskm<úCaCabItMbn;eTAtamkMriteRKaHfñak;cMeBaH CMgWRKuncaj; (CNM, 2003) . tMbn;eRKaHfñak;xøaMgCageKKWbNþaextþsßitenAPaK|san nigBayBü rYmTaMgtMbn;cMkar ekAs‘U EdltMNag[4,5%éncMnYnRbCaBlrdækm<úCaTaMgGs;. tMbn;eRKaHfñak;CamFümsßitenAPUmiPaKkNþalén RbeTs. tMbn;déTeTotRbQmnwgeRKaHfñak;kñúgkMritTabbMput. cMnYnkrNICMgWRKuncaj; nigcMnYnGñksøab;edayCMgWRKuncaj;GacRtUv)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;kMnt;bNþaextþsMrab;kar Gegát. RksYgsuxaPi)almansßititambNþaextþcab;BIqñaM 1997 dl;qñaM 2002 . cMnYnCamFüménkrNICMgWRKuncaj; nig cMnYnGñksøab;edayCMgWRKuncaj;sMrab;ry³eBlenaHmanbgðajCUnkñúgtaragTI 2.

eyagtamGRtaCamFüméncMnYnkrNICMgWRKuncaj; nigcMnYnGñksøab;edayCMgWRKuncaj; extþesomrabgayrg eRKaHCageKcMeBaHCMgWRKuncaj; bnÞab;mkKW extþ)at;dMbg kMBg;cam nigeBaFisat;. b:uEnþ KYreFVIkarGegátCabEnßmpgEdr enAkñúgbNþaextþEdl)anTTYleCaKC½ykñúgkarkMcat;CMgWRKuncaj; eRBaHextþTaMgenaHGacpþl;nUvbTBiesaFn_sMrab;kar bnSaMu. extþEdlkrNIénCMgWRKuncaj;mancMnYneRcIn nigGñksøab;edayCMgWRKuncaj;mancMnYntic KWCaextþEdlmanGRta søab;edayCMgWRKuncaj;Tab EdlGackMnt;faCaextþEdlmanyuT§saRsþedaHRsayRbkbedayeCaKC½y.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Phnom

Pen

h

Oddor

Meanc

hey

Rattana

kiri

Kg.Speu

Stung T

reng

Mondul

Kiri

Preah V

ihea

Kanda

l

Kratie

Kg. C ha

m

Prey V

engTak

eo

Svay R

ieng

Kg. Chh

nang

Bantea

y M. C

hey

Kq. Tho

m

Siem R

eap

Battam

bang

Pursat

Kampo

t

Koh K

ong

Scor

e Vulnerable

Very vulnerable

Cluster-1 Cluster-2 Cluster-3 Cluster-4Non-Cluster

9

taragTI 2. cMnYnCamFüménkrNICMgWRKuncaj; nigcMnYnGñksøab;edayCMgWRKuncaj; kñúgcenøaHqñaM 1997-2002

extþ cMnYnkrNICMgWRKuncaj;

cMnYnGñksøab; edayCMgWRKuncaj;

esomrab 2.200 57 )at;dMbg 1.724 91 kMBg;cam 1.767 57 eBaFisat; 1.222 82 éb:lin 977 16 kMBg;s<W 830 35 kMBg;FM 867 24 RBHvíhar 867 24 bnÞaymanC½y 768 26 ]tþrmanC½y 146 3

edayehtufa eKaledAmYykñúgcMeNameKaledAnanaénKMeragNAPA KW kMNt;víFankarbnSaMu RbkarcaM)ac;KW RtUveFVIkarGegátenAkñúgtMbn;PUmisaRsþxus²KñakñúgRbeTskm<úCa edIm,Irk[eXIjnUvKnøwHcMeBaHktþananaEdlnaMeTArk eCaKC½yxagEpñksgÁm \riyabT sßab½n b¤bec©kvíTüa EdlGacmanGMeNayplsMrab;karraMgsáat; niglubbM)at;CMgWRKun caj; (taragTI 3). enAkñúgkarGegátenH mankarsn μtfaRbCaBlrdærs;enAkñúgtMbn;xusKñamankarbnSaMuxusKñacMeBaH krNICMgWRKuncaj; nigfaynþkarbnSaMuGacERbRbYlGaRs½yelIPaBEbøkKñaénlkçxNÐsgÁm vb,Fm’ brisßan nigsßab½n.

taragTI 3. bNþaextþEdl)aneRCÍssMrab;GegátGMBICMgWRKuncaj;

tMbn; extþgayrgeRKaHbMput extþEdlmansmtßPaBbnSaMux<s; tMbn;eqñr 1. kMBt

2. ekaHkug 1. kMBt

tMbn;x<g;rab 1. RkecH 2. rtnKirI

1. sÞwgERtg

tMbn;TMnab 1. esomrab 2. eBaFisat;

1. esomrab

karvíPaKbzmenHedIm,IeRCÍsTItaMgsMrab;Gegát)aneFVIeLIgedayEp¥kelIB½t’manEdlmanRsab;sþIBIPaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn; EdlTTYl)anBIGgÁkarkak)aTRkhmkm<úCa nigmCÄmNÐlCatiRKb;RKgeRKaHmhnþray nigGacpþl;Rtwm CakarENnaMTUeTAEtb:ueNÑaH. extþnanaEdlGacCaeKaledAsMrab;karGegátRtUv)ankMnt;edayEp¥kelITinñn½ymanRsab; rIÉkarkMnt;Rsuk XMu nigPUmiCaeKaledA GaceFVIeTA)anedaymankarcUlrYmBIGaCJaFrmUldæan. dUecñH karBieRKaHeyabl; CamYyGaCJaFrextþ nigmUldæanKWCaCMnYybEnßmsMrab;RkumGegátKMeragNAPA kñúgkareRCÍsTItaMg EdlgayrgeRKaH bMputcMeBaHTwkCMnn; PaBraMgs¶Üt xül;BüúH TwksmuRTeCar karRCabcUlénTwksmuRT nigCMgWRKuncaj;.

10

2.3. viFIsaRsþGegát

bBa¢IsMnYrEdl)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;RbmUlTinñn½ysMrab;KMeragNAPA RtUv)anEckCaCMBUksþIBIeRKaHmhnþraymin Bak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaB nigeRKaHmhnþrayxagEpñksuxPaB. bBa¢IsMnYrxagEpñksuxPaBBinitüemIlPaBgayrgeRKaH nigkarbnSaMucMeBaHCMgWRKuncaj; cMEnkbBa¢IsMnYrminBak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaBniyayGMBITwkCMnn; PaBraMgs¶Üt xül;BüúH TwksmuRTeCar nigkarRCabcUlénTwksmuRT. bBa¢IsMnYrTaMgenHRtUv)anEckCabnþeTAtamRbePTénGñkBak;B½n§ eBalKW bB¢aIsMnYrsMrab;sMPasn_tampÞH bBa¢IsMnYrsMrab;GgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al bBa¢IsMnYrsMrab;GaCJaFrmUldæan nigbBa¢IsMnYr sMrab;GñkdwknaMeRkApøÚvkar. eFVIEbbenH eyIgmanbBa¢IsMnYrcMnYnR)aMmYyEbbxusKñaEdl)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;RbmUl Tinñn½y. bBa¢IsMnYrnanaRtUv)anykeTAeFVIsMPasn_sakl,genAkñúgextþkNþal nigbnÞab;mk)anEksMrYledIm,I[gay RsYl nigmanPaBc,as;las;. bBa¢IsMnYrTaMgGs;RtUv)andak;P¢ab;Ca]bsm<½n§énr)aykarN_enH. bBa¢IsMnYrminBak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaBRtUv)an EckCabYnCMBUk . CMBUk 1 sMrab;RbmUlB½t’manTUeTAGMBIlkçN³PUmisaRsþénRKYsarEdlRtUveFVIsMPasn_ nigBinitüGMBI kareRbIR)as;TwksMrab;RKYsar nigsMrab;ksikm μ . CMBUk 2 kt;RtaGMBIsMNMulkçN³én)atuPUtGakasFatu EdlekItman enAkñúgtMbn;GegátnImYy² ¬RbePTéneRKaHmhnþray RbBlPaB PaBjwkjab;.l.¦nigvaytMélPaBgayrgeRKaHén bNþaRKYsarnanacMeBaH)atuPUtTaMgenaH. CMBUk 3 GegátGMBIynþkaredaHRsay nigbnSúaMEdlmanRsab; sMrab;RbePT nImYy²éneRKaHmhnþrayenAkñúgtMbn;EdlGegátenaH . CMBUk 4 kt;RtaGMBIeyabl;rbs;RKYsarEdl)anGegát GMBIvíFan karsMrab;EklMGkarbnSaMucMeBaH)atuPUténeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu. bBa¢IsMnYrsMrab;sMPasn_RKYsarnanaGMBICMgWRKun caj;RtUv)anEckCabICMBUk. CMBUk 1 kt;RtaGMBIlkçN³sgÁm nigesdækic©énRKYsarEdlGegát . CMBUk 2 BinitükrNICMgW RKuncaj;enAkñúgRKYsar karBüa)al nigvíFankarTb;sáat;EdlmanRsab;. CMBUk 3 RbmUleyabl;BIRKYsarTaMgenaHGMBI víFankarTb;sáat;CMgWRKuncaj;.

dUc)anBiPakSaenAkñúgEpñkxagelI manextþcMnYn 17 EdlgayxUcxatedaysareRKaHmhnþray RtUv)aneRCIs sMrab;karGegát. enAkñúgry³eBleFVIGegát RkumKMerag NAPA )anBieRKaHeyabl;CabEnßmCamYyGaCJaFrmUldæan enA kñúgextþnImYy² edIm,IkMnt;tMbn;EdlgayrgeRKaHbMputenAkMritXMu nigPUmi sMrab;karGegát. buKÁlikKMeragNAPARtUv )anEckecjCabYnRkumEdlmanKñaBI 4 eTA 6 nak;. karGegátcab;epþÍmBIextþenAPaKxagt,Úg bnÞab;mkbnþeTAbNþaextþ enAPaKkNþalénépÞRbeTs rYceq<aHeTAextþenAPaKxageCIg nigB½T§CMuvíjbwgTenøsab bnÞab;mktambeNþaydgTenø emKgÁeq<aHeTAextþnanaenAtMbn;dac;RsyalénPaK|san. karGegát)aneFVIeLIgBIéf¶12 Ex]sPa dl;éf¶TI 10

Exmifuna qñaM 2004. mankarENnaMEdlEckecjCaR)aMbYnCMhansMrab;buKÁlikKMeragRbtibtþitamenAkñúgeBleFVIGegát eBalKW (1)

CYbCamYyGaCJaFrextþ nigRsuk (2)CYbCamYyGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alenAkñúgextþnigRsuk (3)BieRKaHeyabl;CamYy GaCJaFr nigGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alenAkñúgextþ nigRsuk edIm,IeRCÍsTItaMg (4)CYbCamYyGaCJaFrenAfñak;XMu (5)CYbCa mYyGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alenAkñúgXMu (6)CYbCamYyGaCJaFr nigemdwknaMeRkApøÚvkarenAfñak;PUmi ¬RkumRbwkSaPUmi cas;RBwT§acarü RBHsgÇ .l.¦ (7)CYbCamYyGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alenAkñúgPUmi (8)CYbCamYyRKYsarEdlRtUvGegát nig (9)bMeBjtaragbBa¢ak;BIeBlevlaCYbCamYyGñkBak;B½n§. TisedAénkarCYbGñkTaMgGs;xagelImanCaGaT× ³ Bnül;

11

BIeKalbMNgénkarGegáttamRKYsar kMnt;Rsuk XMu nigPUmi EdlgayrgeRKaHbMput nigRbmUlÉksar nigB½t’manBak;B½n§ nana. esckþIENnaMGMBIkarcuHGegátmanCUnP¢ab;Ca]bsm<½n§énr)aykarN_enH.

RKYsar b¤GgÁPaBnImYy²Edl)ansMPasn_RtUv)ancuHelxsMKal;sMrab;CaesckþIeyagmuneBlbBa©ÚlTinñn½y. manÉksareGLicRtUnikcMnYnR)aMRtUv)anbegáÍt edayeRbIR)as;km μvíFIsMrab;víPaKTinñn½ysßitieQμaH SPSS EdleqøIytb nwgbBa¢IsMnYrcMbg². enAkñúgkarbBa©ÚlTinñn½y mankarEbgEckxusKñarvagRkumTinñn½ysþIBICMgWRKuncaj; nigRkumTinñn½ysþI BIeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatuTaMgGs;. ÉksarTinñn½yTaMgGs;)anBIkarGegáttamRKYsarsþIBIbBaðaminBak;B½n§nwgEpñkCMgW RKuncaj; manGefrcMnYneRcInCag300 cMENkÉksarnImYy²déTeTotmanGefrBI 60 eTA 100 EdlCatYelx)anBI karGegát. karbBa©ÚlTinñn½yeTAkñúgkMBüÚT½r)aneFVIeLIgtameQ μaHextþnImYy²dac;BIKñaeTAkñúgÉksareGLicRtUnik Edl bnÞab;mk RtUv)andak;bBa©ÚlCamYyKñaenAdMNak;cugeRkay. Tinñn½yTaMgGs;RtUv)anBinitüeLIgvíjedIm,I[manlkçN³ sIusgVak;Kña GacykCakar)an nigBinitüemIlkMhusénkarvaybBa©ÚlTinñn½y. RbmaN 10% énbBa¢IsMnYrminGac eRbIkar)an edaysarminmanTinñn½yeBjelj b¤KμanPaBsIusgVak;Kña. bBa¢IsMnYrEdlmanTinñn½yeRbIkar)anrYmman³ bBa¢IsMnYrtamRKYsar cMnYn 1154 bBa¢IsMnYrsMrab;GaCJaFrmUldæanman 82 nigbBa¢IsMnYrsMrab;GgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al mancMnYn 10. III. karviPaKsßitielIbBa¢IsMnYr)anBIkarGegát 3.1. eRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu

manRKYsarcMnYn 684 EdlRtUv)anGegát edayeRbIR)as;bBa¢IsMnYrminBak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaB nigEdlkt;RtaGMBI eRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu manCaGaT× TwkCMnn; PaBraMgs¶Üt xül;BüúH karRCabcUlénTwksmuRT nigTwkeCar. Rkum kargarKMeragNAPA )aneFVIkarGegátextþcMnYn 17 nigXMucMnYn 42 (rUbTI 3) .

extþTaMgdb;R)aMBIrEdl)anGegátsuT§swgTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶ÜtpgEdr. cMnucKYr[ cab;Garm μN_GMBIlT§plénkarGegátenaHKWfa manextþCacMnYneRcIn(15) EdlrgeRKaHedaysarxül;BüúHpgEdr. mk Tl;bc©úb,nñenH manPsþútagxøH²GMBI)atuPUtxül;BüúHkñúgRbeTskm<úCa EdlPaKeRcInBMumankareFVIesckþIraykarN_ eLIy. manesckþIraykarN_GMBIkarRCabcUlénTwksmuRTkñúgextþcMnYnbIenAtambeNþayeqñrsmuRTKW extþekaHkug RkugRBHsIhnu nigextþkMBt. RkugEkbk¾RbQmnwgkarRCabcUlénTwksmuRTpgEdr b:uEnþmin)anGegáteLIg edaysar fvíkamankMnt;. krNIrgeRKaHedaysarTwksmuRTeCarRtUv)anraykarN_faekItmaneLIgenAEtRkugRBHsIhnu nigextþ kMBtEtb:ueNÑaH . enAeBlsYrGMBIeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatuF¶n;F¶rbMputEdlFøab;CYbRbTH GñkPUmikñúgextþTaMg 17 )anelIkeLIg GMBIbBaðaTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt. xül;BüúHRtUv)ancat;TukfaCaeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatuF¶n;F¶rbMputenAkñúgextþcMnYn 8 cMENkkrNITwksuRTeCar nigkarRCabcUlénTwksmuRTekItmanenAkñúgextþcMnYnBIr.

12

rUbTI 3. EpnTIextþnanaEdl)anGegátGMBIPaBgayrgeRKaH nigkarbnSaMucMeBaHeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu

3.1.1. sMNMulkçN³énRKYsar RKYsaresÞIrEtTaMgGs; (95%) )anniyayfa kardaMdMNaMKWCaRbPBcMbgénR)ak;cMNUl (rUbTI 4) CaBiessKW dMNaMRsUv (92%). enHmann½yfa RbFanbTénkarRsavRCavBak;B½n§y:agxøaMgnwgeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu eRBaHfa skm μPaBksikm μBwgEp¥kelIlkçxNÐénGakasFatu. Gñkpþl;B½t’mancMnYn 58% KWCaburs nig 42% CaRsþI Edlbgðaj [eXIjBIPaBxusKñabnþicbnþÜcEtb:ueNÑaHrvagGñkpþl;B½t’manCaRsþI nigbursenAkñúgKMrUénkarGegátTaMgmUl. manpÞHcMnYn80% sg;BIeQI cMENk 14% epSgeTotRbk;s,Úv. enHCakarcg¥úlbgðajfaBIkMritR)ak;cMNUl nigPaBRkIRkpgEdr eRBaHfaGñkRkrs;enAkñúgpÞHEdlmandMbUl nigCBa¢aMgs,Úv. PaKeRcInénRKYsarEdl)anGegátrs;enA kñúgpÞHfμ b¤sIum:gt_.

Other 5%

Farming 95%

rUbTI 4. RbPBcMbgénR)ak;cMNUlRbcaMRKYsarEdl)anGegátedayeRbIR)as;bBa¢IsMnYrminBak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaB

13

3.1.2. TwkCMnn; kñúgtMbn;Edl)anGegát ry³eBlTwkCMnn;ERbRbYlBICítBIréf¶ eTARbmaN180éf¶(rUbTI5). ry³eBlTwkCMnn; EvgCageKRtUv)ankt;RtaenAkñúgextþbnÞaymanC½y(68éf¶) kMBg;FM(67éf¶) esomrabnigRkecH(64éf¶)kMBg;cam(63éf¶) nigsVayerog(61éf¶) . CaTUeTAextþEdlFøab;RbQmnwgTwkCMnn;kñúgry³eBlxøICageKKW extþkMBg;s<W(16éf¶) RkugRBH sIhnu nigextþekaHkug(15éf¶).

6867

64 6463

61

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

70

BanteayMeanchey

KampongThom

Siem Reap Kratie KampongCham

SvayRieng

Num

ber o

f day

s

rUbTI 5. ry³eBlTwkCMnn;EvgCageK

extþTaMg 17 TTYlrgeRKaHedayTwkCMnn;y:agehacNas;BIrdgkñúgmYyqñaM cMENkextþcMnYn 7 rgeRKaHeday sarTwkCMnn;y:agehacNas;bYndgkñúgmYyqñaM . extþEdlmanGRtaGñkpþl;B½t’manEdl)anrgeRKaHedayTwkCMnn;BIr eTAbYndgkñúgmYyqñaM KW extþkMBg;cam(83%) nig RkecH (100%).

enATUTaMgRbeTs GñkPUminiyayfa qñaM 2000 KWCaqñaMEdlmanTwkCMnn;F¶n;F¶rCageK (51%éncMnYnGñkpþl; B½t’man) bnÞab;mkKWCMnn;kñúgqñaM 2002 (14%énGñkpþl;B½t’man )nig qñaM 2001 (12%énGñkpþl;B½t’man ) (rUbTI 6).

51%

12% 14%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%

2000 2001 2002Perc

enta

ge o

f hou

seho

lds

rUbTI 6. bNþaqñaMEdlmanTwkCMnn;F¶n;F¶rbMput tameyabl;rbs;Gñkpþl;B½t’man

14

GñkPUmiRtUv)ansYr[eFVIkar):an;RbmaNBICMerATwkCMnn;enATICMuvíjlMenAsßan nigenAelIdIdaMdMNaM k¾dUcCael,Ón énkMenInkMBs;TwkCamFüm nigkMenInGtibrmakñúgry³eBlmYyyb;. karsnñidæanEbbenHminsUvCak;lak;eT nigBwgEp¥k EtelIkaryl;eXIjpÞal;xøÜnrbs;RbCaBlrdæ nigkarcgcaMGMBI)atuPUtTwkCMnn;. b:uEnþ BYkeK)anpþl;BIehtuplxøH²GMBI RbePTénTwkCMnn;enAkñúgtMbn;epSg²KñaénRbeTskm<úCa. CMnn;manCMerAeRCACageKenAtamTICMuvíjpÞHRtUv)anraykarN_BIextþekaHkug (2,1m) nigextþRkecH (2,5m). TwkCMnn;EdlmanCMerAeRCACageKelIdIdaMdMNaMRtUv)anraykarN_BIextþRkecH (5,1m) ekaHkug (3,2m) kNþal (3,1m)

éRBEvg )at;dMbg kMBt sVayerog kMBg;FM bnÞaymanC½y kMBg;s<W eBaFisat; nigekaHkug (eRCACag2 m). extþEdlman TwkCMnn;rak;CageKenATICMuvíjpÞHKW extþéRBEvg kMBg;qñaMg kMBg;s<W kMBg;FM taEkv RkugRBHsIhnu nigextþesomrab Edl manCMerATwkRbmaN 60s>m b¤ticCagenH. extþTaMgenHk¾)anraykarN_pgEdrfamanTwkCMnn;rak;CageKenAelIdIdaMdM NaM EdlmanCMerATwkticCag 2m. enAkñúgextþrtnKirI GñkPUmi)ankt;sMKal;faTwkCMnn;enAelIdIdaMdMNaMmanCMerA 2,7 m CamFüm b:uEnþGñkPUmi)anniyayfaPaBERbRbYly:agjwkjab;énCMnn;enH bNþalBITMnb;varIGKÁisnIenAExSTwkxagelIkñúg RbeTsevotNam. kMenInkMBs;TwkCMnn;manel,ÓnelOnCageKenAkñúgextþRkecH (5,1m) eBaFisat; (2,6m) kMBg;FM eBaFisat; esomrab nig kMBt (elIsBI 1 Em:Rt kñúgmYyyb; ).

GñkPUmiRtUv)ansaksYrGMBIbTBiesaFn_rbs;BYkKat;kñúgkaredaHRsaybBaðaTwkCMnn; nig[GFib,ayGBIvíFI EdlBYkKat;eRbIR)as;sBVéf¶kñúgkarbnSaMucMeBaHTwkCMnn;. GñkPUmiCít 20% Edl)anGegátmin)aneRtomTukCamuncMeBaH eRKaHmhnþrayTwkCMnn;Tal;EtesaH eRkABIenHmanRKYsar 17% enAEtdaMdMNaMCaFm μta. víFankarbnSaMutamEbbburaN manCaGaT× karsg;TITYlsMrab;rkSaTukstV eRtomes,ógGaharRbcaMRKYsar eRtomcMNIsMrab;stV nigeRtomTUk. man RKYsarCacMnYneRcInEdlePosxøÜneTATITYlsuvtßiPaBenAmuneBlmanTwkCMnn;. 3.1.3. PaBraMgs¶Üt

dUcEdlGñkPUmienAkñúgextþTaMg17)anraykarN_ PaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn;KWCaeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatuF¶n;F¶r bMput EdlRbCaBlrdæ)anCYbRbTH. GñkPUmi)ancat;TukqñaM2003 faCaqñaMEdlmanPaBraMgs¶ÜtF¶n;F¶rCageK (50% én Gñkpþl;B½t’man) bnÞab;mkKWqñaM 2004 (32%énGñkpþl;B½t’man). KitrYmbBa©ÚlTaMgB½t’manGMBITwkCMnn;pgenaH Caerog ral;qñaM Kitcab;BIqñaM 2000 mk EtgekItmanPaBraMgs¶Üt b¤eRKaHmhnþrayF¶n;F¶r.

enATUTaMgRbeTs RbPBsMxan;énTwksMrab;eRbIR)as;kñúgpÞHénGñkPUmienAkñúgrdUvR)aMgKWGNþÚg (58%) RsH (14%) sÞwg (12%) nigTenø (9%) (rUbTI 7). RbPBTwkcMbgsMrab;kareRsacRsBdMNaMksikm μKW bwg(19%) TwkePøóg (18%) Tenø (13%) sÞwg (12%) nigGagFarasaRsþ (11%). manRbCaCntictYcbMputkñúgcMeNamGñkEdl)an sMPasn_ manTwkm:asIunsMrab;eRbIR)as; (rUbTI 8).

karxVHTwkekItmanCaTUeTAenARKb;rdUv ³ 81% éncMnYnRKYsarEdl)ansMPasn_ RbQmnwgkarxVHxatTwksMrab; dMNaMksikm μ cMENk 54%RbQmnwgkarxVHTwksMrab;kareRbIR)as;pÞal;xøÜn.

15

58%

14% 12% 9%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Wells Ponds Streams River

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rUbTI 7. RbPBTwkcMbgsMrab;kareRbIR)as;tampÞHenArdUvR)aMg

19%18%

13%12%

0%2%4%6%8%

10%12%14%16%18%20%

Lakes Rain Rivers Streams

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rUbTI 8. RbPBTwkcMbgsMrab;dMNaMksikmμenArdUvR)aMg

GñkPUmik¾RtUv)ansaksYrpgEdrfaetIBYkKat;mankt;sMKal;GMBIkarERbRbYlénPaBraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn; enA b:un μanqñaMcugeRkayenH fa)anekIteLIgjwkjab;Cagmunb¤y:agNa. sMrab;58%énGñkPUmiEdl)ansMPasn_ TwkCMnn;)an ekIteLIgjwkjab;CagmunenAkñúgGMLúgb:unμanqñaMcugeRkayenH. cMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt mansmamaRténGñkkt;sMKal;Ebb enHmanx<s;Cag eday71%énGñkPUmiEdl)ansMPasn_)ansegáteXIjfaPaBraMgs¶ÜtekIteLIgjwkjab;Cagmun. eTaH bItYelxenHminGaccat;TukfaGactMNag[sßanPaBTUTaMgépÞRbeTs)ank¾eday RbkarenHKYr[kt;sMKal; sMrab;tMbn; Gegát EdlRtUv)aneRCÍsedayEp¥kelIPaBgayrgeRKaHcMeBaHeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu. dUecñH bNþatMbn;Edlgay rgeRKaHrYcmkehIycMeBaHeRKaHmhnþray Gacnwgkan;EtRbQmnwgeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatujwkjab;Cagmun enAkñúg GMLúgeBlb:unμanqñaMcugeRkayenH. eTaHbIGñkPUmimanRbéBNIkñúgkaredaHRsayPaBraMgs¶ÜttamvíFICaeRcInehIykþI smtßPaBbnSaMurbs;RbCaBlrdæ TMngCaenAmankMritTabbMputenAeLIy. manRbCaBlrdæRtwm24% éncMnYnGñkPUmiEdl)ansMPasn_ Edl)anRtwmcat;

16

EcgBiFItamEbbsasna EdlrMBwgfanwgnaMmknUvTwkePøóg. GñkPUmi 16% epSgeTotdaMdMNaMCaFm μta edayrMBwgpgEdr fanwgmanTwkePøógRKb;RKan;sMrab;dMNaMrbs;BYkKat;. GñkPUmiRbmaN 17% kat;bnßyGRtaeRbIR)as;Twk. Cak;Esþg RbCaCnGackat;bnßykargUtTwkenARtwmBIr b¤bIdgkñúgmYys)aþh_ . rebobgUtTwkEbbenHGacmanRtwmkarCUtxøÜneday kEnSgesIm CMnYskargUtTwkFm μta. RbCaBlrdæRbmaN12% manlT§PaBCÍkGNþÚgedIm,IbnSaMunwgPaBraMgs¶Üt cMENk RbCaBlrdæ11% eRbIR)as;TwkbUm (rUbTI 9).

24%

16% 17%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Organise religiousceremonies

Plant as usual Reduce waterconsumption

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rUbTI 9. karbnSaMutamRKYsarcMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt GñkeFVIkarGegát)anBiPakSaCamYyGñkPUmiGMBIvíFankarEdlGacykmkeRbIR)as;sMrab;bnSaMucMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt nigGMBIktþaEdlCa]bsKÁcMbgcMeBaHkarGnuvtþn_víFankarTaMgenaH. sMrab;kareRbIR)as;tampÞH GñkPUmicMnYn 28% esñIfa karCÍkGNþÚgKWCadMeNaHRsaymYyEdlGaceFVI)an. RsH nigGagtMkl;Twk sMrab;eRbIR)as;enArdUvR)aMgKWCaCMerIsepSg eTot. sMrab;kareRbIR)as;kñúgksikm μ maneyabl;xusKñarvagkaresñI[sg;RbLay(22%) GagTwk (6%) nigsßanIy_ bUmTwk(8%). kgVHFnFanhirBaØvtßúKWCa]bsKÁEdl)anelIkeLIgjwkjab;CageKkñúgkarGnuvtþvíFankarsMrab;pþl;Twk eRbIR)as;TaMgtameKhdæan (33%) nigsMrab;ksikmμ (41%). 3.1.4. karRbkasGasnñ nigCMnYyeRkayeRKaHmhnþray GñkPUmiRbmaN 45%TTYlsÁal;fa BYkKat;)anTTYl {karRbkasGasnñGMBITwkCMnn;}xøH²Camun. tYelxenH minRtwmRtUvTal;EtesaH eRBaHfatamkarBit GVIEdlGñkPUmiyl;faCakarRbkasGasnñBIdMbUg b¤ karRbkasGasnñCamun KWCaB½t’manTUeTA nigKμanPaBCak;lak;. Cak;Esþg GñkPUmienAExSTwkxageRkamRbEhlCa)anB¤B½t’manbnþKñaBImat;mYy eTAmat;mYyfatMbn;enAExSTwkxagelI)anliclg;eTAehIy ehIytMbn;rbs;BYkKat;GacnwgRtUvrgeRKaHdUcKñaEdrenAkñúg ry³eBlbu:n μanéf¶bnÞab;. kñúgtMbn;xøH mankarbiTpSayGMBIkMBs;TwkenAtamTIsaFarN³ dUcCaenAtamTIFøavtþGaram nig kariyal½yXMu. b:uEnþ GñkeFVIkarGegát)anrkeXIjfa cMeBaHGñkPUmikarbkRsayTinñn½yTaMgenaHenAEtCabBðaaenAeLIy eRBaHfaTinñn½yTaMgenaHBMumanpþl;B½t’manGMBIefrevlaénkarmkdl;énTwkCMnn;eLIy. cMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt88%énGñkPUmi niyayfa BYkeKminEdl)anTTYlkarRbkasGasnñBIdMbUgeLIy.

17

smamaRtd¾eRcInéncMnYnRbCaBlrdæ(45%)Edl)ansMPasn_ min)anTTYlCMnYyNamYyeLIy eRkayeBl eRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu)anekIteLIg(rUbTI 10). GñkPUmiRbmaN30% )anTTYlCMnYyBIkak)aTRkhmkm<úCa. mkTl;eBlenH kak)aTRkhmKWCaGñkpþl;CMnYyFMCageKenAeRkaymaneRKaHmhnþray enAkñúgtMbn;Edl)anGegát. eRkABIenH KN³km μaFikarCatiRKb;RKgeRKaHmhnþray(NCDM))anpþl;CMnYydl; 6% ÉGaCJaFrRsuk nigextþ)anpþl; CMnYydl; 7%énGñkPUmi)anGegát. RbPBCMnYyepSgeTotmancMnYntictYc EdlrYmbBa©Úl CMnYyBIGñkCítxag mitþPkþi RkumRbwkSaXMu vtþGaram nigGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al.

Some assistance

55%

No assistance 45%

rUbTI 10. PaKryénRKYsarEdl)anTTYlCMnYyeRkayeRKaHmhnþray 3.1.5. xül;BüúH kñúgextþTaMg17 Edl)anGegát manextþcMnYn 8EdlrgeRKaHedaysarxül;BüúH. kñúgcMeNamRKYsarEdl rgeRKaHedaysarxül;BüúH 60%)anraykarN_famanxül;BüúHekIteLIgmþgkñúgmYyqñaM 19%famanBIrdgkñúgmYyqñaM nig17%famanxül;BüúHbIdgkñúgmYyqñaM. kñúgcMeNamkrNIxül;BüúHTaMgGs; man70%Edlman\T§iBlxøaMgkøa EdlGac bMebIugdMbUlpÞH nig17%Edl)anrMlMedImeQI. K μanRKYsarNamYykñúgcMeNamGñkEdl)ansMPasn_eqøIyfa)anTTYl karRbkasGasnñCamunGMBIkrNIxül;BüúHeLIy. manvíFItictYcEtb:ueNÑaHEdlCaTMlab;RbéBNIénRbCaBlrdæenACnbTkñúgkarbnSaMucMeBaHxül;BüúH. RKYsarCa eRcInEdl)anGegát(34%) )anRtwmEtsßitenAkñúgpÞH nig)aneRbIR)as;víFIrYmKñamYycMnYndUcteTA³ dak;CnÞl;[maM(17%) nigsg;pÞHEdlmandMbUlminsUvecat(5%). 3.2. CMgWRKuncaj;

karsMPasn_EpñkCMgWRKúncaj;)aneFVIeLIgenAkñúgextþcMnYnR)aMBIr ³ extþ)at;dMbg kMBt ekaHkug RkecH rtnKirI esomrab nigeBaFisat; . sarubRKYsarcMnYn 172 Edl)aneFVIsMPasn_ enAkñúgRsukcMnYn12 XMucMnYn 19 nigPUmicMnYn 40

(rUbTI 11).

18

rUbTI 11. EpnTIbNþaextþEdl)anGegátPaBgayrgeRKaH nigkarbnSaMucMeBaHCMgWRKuncaj; RKYsarEdl)anGegátesIÞrEtTaMgGs;)anEføgfakardaMdMNaMKWCaRbPBcMbgénR)ak;cMNUl (92%). RbmaN 59% énGñkpþl;B½t’manKWCaburs nig41% CaRsþI . pÞHRbmaN82%sg;BIeQI nig15%Rbk;s,Úv. lT§plenHRbhak; RbEhlnwglT§pl)anBIkarGegátbBaðaminBak;B½n§nwgEpñksuxPaBEdr. RbmaN87% énRKYsarEdl)anGegátFøab;manCMgWRKuncaj; 82%CMgWraK 18%CMgWRKunQam nig 11% CMgW RKuneBaHevon. RKYsarRbmaN85% cat;TukfaRKuncaj;KWCaCMgWF¶n;F¶rCageK kñúgcMeNamCMgWEdlBYkeKFøab;CYbRbTH (rUbTI12).

87%82%

18%11%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Malaria Diarrhoea Dengue Typhoid

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19

rUbTI 12. CMgWnanaEdlekItmanenAkñúgRKYsar GñkeFVIkarGegátBüayamkMnt;TItaMg nigRbePTskm μPaBnanaEdlnaM[GñkPUmimanCMgWRKuncaj;. RbmaN 20%énkrNICMgWRKúncaj;ekIteLIgenAeBlGñkPUmieTAeFVIcMkar. GRtaenHRbhak;RbEhlnwgGRta ekIteLIgeBlGñk PUmieTAkab;eQIkñúgéRB (28%) nig 18%ekIteLIgenAeBlGñkPUmisßitenAkñúgpÞH (rUbTI 13). enAtMbn;xøH GñkPUmi eCOfaCMgWRKuncaj;ekIteLIgtamry³karpwkTwkmins¥at. Cít63%énRKYsarEdl)anGegát Føab;manekItCMgWRKuncaj; enArdUvvsSa 12%enArdUvR)aMg nig 8%enArdUvTaMgBIr.

Cultivating chamkar 26%

Other/Don't know 28%

Logging in the forest 28%

Staying at home 18%

rUbTI 13. TItaMgEdlFøab;manCMgWRKuncaj; RbmaN67%énRKYsarEdl)anGegátraykarN_faFøab;manCMgWRKuncaj;CabnþbnÞab; cMENk20% raykarN_ fakMrekItCMgWRKuncaj;Nas;. RbkarenHGacpþl;karsnñidæanfa enAkñúgtMbn;Edl)anGegát CMgWRKuncaj;)ankøayCaCMgW qøg nigekItmanCaTUeTA nigCaFm μta.

karGegátenH)anBinitüemIlvíFIBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj;kñúgcMeNamRbCaBlrdæmUldæan. RbmaN36% énRKYsar TaMgenaH)anTTYlkarBüa)alenAtamKøInikÉkCn 25%enAtammCÄmNÐlsuxPaBRsuk 15%enAKilandæanXMu 6%enA mnÞIreBTüextþ nig 7%énRKYsarTaMgenaHeRbIR)as;fñaMbUraN (rUbTI 14). ehtuplcMbgEdlRKYsarTaMgenaHelIkeLIg Bak;B½n§nwgkareRCÍserIsvíFIBüa)alKW ³ cMgaypøÚvBIpÞH(26%) karyl;eXIjBIKuNPaBénesva(29%) nigsMxan;bMputKW éføcMNayBüa)al (89%). kñúgcMeNamRKYsarEdl)anTTYlkarBüa)alenAmCÄmNÐlsuxPaB RbmaN43% RtUveFVIdMeNIrq¶ayCag5K>m 31%RtUveFVIdMeNIrBI 1 eTA 5 K>m nig 25%RtUveFVIdMeNIrticCag 1 K>m.

20

Other 11%

Provincial hospitals 6%

Commune health centres

15%

Private clinics 36%

District health centres 25%

Traditional Medicine 7%

rUbTI 14. víFIBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj; KitCaPaKryéncMnYnRKYsar manRKYsarcMnYn80% Edl)andwgfamanskmμPaBGb;rMGMBICMgWRKuncaj;enAkñúgPUmirbs;xøÜn b:uEnþmanEt 11%

Etb:ueNÑaHEdlmancMNab;GarmμN_kñúgkarTTYlkarGb;rMeTAGnaKtGMBICMgWRKuncaj; edayBYkKat;cg;[mankarGb;rMGMBI suxPaBTUeTACageTAvíj (40%). yuT§saRsþcMbgnanarbs;RKYsarEdl)anGegátkñúgkarTb;sáat;CMgWRKuncaj;KW ³ bMpøajCMrkmUs(33%) nigkar eRbIR)as;mug(27%). kareRbIR)as;mugGacminEmnCayuT§saRsþRbkbedayRbsiT§iPaB kñúgkrNIEdlGñkPUmiTTYlCMgW BIcMkar b¤enAeBlKat;cUléRB. dUcKñaenHEdr karbMpøajCMrkmUsenACMuvíjlMenAsßan nigenAkñúgPUminwgminman\T§iBlelI krNIekItCMgWRKuncaj;eLIy sMrab;GñkEdleFVIkarenAcMkar nigenAkñúgéRB. IV. karviPaKKuNPaBéneRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatutambNþaextþEdl)anGegát

EpñkenHsegçbGMBIkarsegáteFVIeLIgedayGñkGegáttamextþnImYy² Edl)anRbmUlTinñn½y. ral;karsegát RtUv)ankt;RtaeTAtamRsuknImYy². enAeBlkic©karRbmUlTinñn½y)anbBa©b; buKÁlikTaMgGs;énKMeragNAPAEdl)an cUlrYmenAkñúgkarGegátRtUv)anesñI[rMlwkeLIgvíjnUvral;cMNab;Garm μN_TUeTA nigkaryl;eXIjrbs;BYkeKGMBItMbn; nImYy²EdlBYkeK)anGegát. kic©karenHcaM)ac;Nas;sMrab;karvíPaKbBa¢IsMnYrCapøÚvkar eRBaHfavapþl;GMBIrUbPaBrYmén eRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatutamsßanPaBenAnwgTIkEnøgCak;lak;. B½t’manGMBIKuNPaBd¾mansar³sMxan;EbbenH nig karsegátenAnwgkEnøgKWCacMnucd¾manRbeyaCn_sMrab;bMeBjbEnßmcMeBaHbBa¢IsMnYrEdlmanTinñn½yCabrimaN. 4.1. extþbnÞaymanC½y 4.1.1. RsukmgÁlburI

• Caerogral;qñaM TwkCMnn;BIbwgTenøsabmankMBs;dl; 4-5 m .

• pÞHTaMgLayRtUv)ansg;putBIdIenAelIsrsrx<s; nigmanTUksMrab;eRbIR)as;pgEdr .

21

• GñkPUmi)ankt;sMKal;GMBIPaBERbRbYlénTMhMTwkCMnn; nigeCOfaenAqñaMknøgeTAf μ Í²enH CMnn;ekIteLIgedaymin GacsμandwgCamun)an .

• eyagtamGñkPUmi karCn;licmanry³eBlkan;EtEvg nigGacsegáteXIjkan;Etc,as; eRBaHfabNþajpøÚvCati Edl)anEdl)anCYsCuleLIgvíjenAGMLúgeBlknøgeTAfμ Í²enH BMumanbMBak;eTAedayTVarTwk b¤lU ehtuenHva edIrtYdUcCaTMnb;Tb;ykTwkCMnn;.

4.1.2. RsukRBHenRtRBH

• PaBraMgs¶ÜtekItmanCaTUeTAenAkñúgRsukenH . karxVHTwkekIteLIgenArdUvR)aMg edaysarBMumanGNÚþg nigGag tMkl;TwkeRcInRKb;RKan; . GagtMkl;TwkxøHRtUvrIgs¶Üt nigRtUv)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;daMRsUv.

• PaBraMgs¶Üt)annaM[RbCaBlrdæxøHcakecalRsukCaerogral;éf¶ eTARbeTséf edIm,IeFVIkarCakm μkr. 4.2. extþ)at;dMbg 4.2.1. RsukemagbJsSI

• RsukEdlmanvísalPaBd¾FMmYyenHsßitenACab;bwgTenøsab nigKWCatMbn;EdlmanRbéBNIplitRsUv .

• XMunanasßitenAtammat;bwgRtUvlicTwkCaerogral;qñaM .

• XMunanaenAmçageToténpøÚvCatiminmanTwkCn;liceT b:uEnþ)anTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarPaBraMgs¶Üt . GNþÚgTaMg LayBMumanTwkeT edaysardegðÍmTwkenAeRCAeBk. GñkPUmirs;enAkñúgtMbn;enHBwgEp¥kesÞIrEtTaMgRsugelI karRtgTwkePøógTukeRbIR)as;.

• XMuniKmeRkamKWCaKMrUmYyénTIkEnøgenAkñúgRsukenH EdlrUbPaBénTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt)anERbRbYl. XMuenH Føab;manRbéBNICakEnøgEdlplitRsUv)aneRcIn. enAkñúgGMLúgbYnqñaMcugeRkayenH XMuniKmeRkam)anrg eRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶ÜtCaerogral;qñaM. TwkEdlCn;licry³eBlEvg)ankøayCa]bsKÁkñúgkar eFVIERsR)aMg. edaysarkgVHkarEfTaM TMnb;Edl)anksagtaMgBIsm½ymunsRgÁamminGaceRbIR)as;)aneTot eLIy. GñkPUmi)anesñIfa[mankarsþarRbLay nigksagGagtMkl;Twk sMrab;Tb;ykTwkCMnn; nigTwkePøóg. XMuniKmeRkam)anERbkøayy:agqab;rh½seTACaXMuEdlRtUve)aHbg;ecal edaysarksikr)aneFVIcMNakRsuk eTAkan;tMbn;EdlmanPaBGnueRKaHCag.

4.3. extþkMBt

4.3.1 RsukbnÞaymas

• RsukenH)anTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarkarxVHTwk .

• enAkñúgXMuéRBTenøTaMgmUlmanEtRsHTwkEtmYyb:ueNÑaHEdl)ansþareLIgvíj.

22

• GñkPUmi)anesñIsMu[mankarsagsg;RsHTwk nigGagtMkl;TwkCabEnßmedIm,IedaHRsaybBaðaénPaBraMgs¶Üt. • manbBaðaekIteLIgBIkarRCabcUlénTwksmuRTenAkñúgRsHEdlmanRsab; EdlGacRtUvkar[mankarsagsg;

GagTwkputBIdI b¤GagminRCabTwk . 4.3.2. RsukkMBg;Rtac

• PaBraMgs¶ÜtmansPaBF¶n;F¶r .

• GñkPUmiRtUvTijTwkBIRsHmYycMnYn edaytMél 500 erol kñúgTwkmYyFug . • minGacsg;GNþÚgTwk)aneT edaysarkarRCabcUlénTwkCMnn; . GaRs½yehtuenH RbCaBlrdæRtgTwkePøóg

TukkñúgGagsMrab;eRbIR)as; (12x4 Em:Rt) .

• GñkPUmieCOfa karsg;TMnb;TwkéRbenAkñúgRbeTsevotNam)aneFVI[manCMnn;enAkan;EtxøaMgeLIgenAkñúgRsuk enH. TMnb;enaHEdl)anksagenAkñúgqñaM 2001 mannaTIraMgsáat;karRCabcUlénTwksmuRT b:uEnþk¾Car)aMgmin[ TwkCMnn;hUrecjeTAsmuRTpgEdr.

• enAxagkñúgRbeTskm<úCa manTMnb;mYyRbEvgBIr-bIryEm:Rt nigmankMBs; 2,5 Em:Rt RtUv)ansg;eLIgenAkñúg rbbExμrRkhm. TMnb;enHBMumanTVarTwkeT ehtuenHminGac[TwkCMnn;hUrecj)aneLIy. TMnb;enHxUcxat edayGenøWenAtamkEnøgCaeRcIn edaysarxVHkarEfTaM. elIsBIenH GñkensaT)anCÍkkayrgVHelIxñgTMnb; edIm,Idak;lbcab;RtIenArdUvTwkRsk.

• BMumankarbnSaMucMeBaHTwkCMnn;eLIy. GñkPUmieRcInEtrg;caMenAkñúgpÞH. BYkKat;k¾mankar)arm μN_cMeBaHecarpg Edr EdleRbITUkmanel,ÓnelOnedIm,IeFVIskm μPaBenArdUvmanTwkCMnn;.

4.3.3. RsukkMBt

• XMuRtBaMgekaH)anTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn;F¶n;F¶renAkñúgGMLúgeBlb:un μanqñaMcugeRkayenH. GñkPUmiray karN_GMBIkMenInkMBs;TwkCMnn;rhUtdl; 20 Em:RtenAkñúgry³eBlmYyyb;.

• GñkPUmi)anbenÞaskarbMpøajéRBeQICamUlehtuénkMenInTMhMénTwkCMnn;. pøÚvmYyExSEdl)ansg;sMrab;dwkeQI h‘ub \LÚv)ankøayCaRbLayTwkeTAehIyenAeBlmanTwkCMnn; EdlnaM[TwkhUrcUly:agKMhukeTAkñúgTI RbCMuCn.

• \T§iBlrYmKñaénTwkePøóg nigkMenIny:agqab;rh½sénkMBs;TwkenAkñúgsÞwgnanakñúgmUldæan tMrUv[GñkPUmieFVIdMenIr tamTUkenAkñúgGMLúgeBlmanTwkCMnn;.

• ksikr)aneRCIsBUCRsUvEdlGacFn;cMeBaHkarliclg;rhUtdl;ry³eBlmYys)aþh_. RbsinebICMnn;bnþry³ eBlyUrCagmYys)aþh_ plRsUvnwgRtUvbMpøaj.

• ksikreBIbRbTHnwgkarlM)akkMNt;eBledIm,IdaMdMNaM nigkarlUtlas;éndMNaMenAkñúgTwkCMnn; EdlGac bMpøajpldMNaMTaMgRsug .

• edaysarPaBBMuR)akdBak;B½n§nwgTwkCMnn; ksikrxøH)anERbBIkareFVIERseTACacMkarFUern.

23

• CMgWRKuncaj;RtUv)anraykarN_famanekIteLIgenAkñúgRKb;XMuTaMgGs; . • GñkPUmieCOfaBYkeKTTYlCMgWRKuncaj; enAeBlBYkeKkab;eQIenAkñúgtMbn;PñMCMuvíjPUmi . BYkeKminGaceRbIR)as;

mug)aneLIyenAkñúgeBleFVIkargar EtGac)anEteBlyb;Etb:ueNÑaH . • enAkñúgPUmiEdleKarBtambTbBa¢abrisßan nigmanbrisßanCMuvíjs¥at GñkPUmieCOfaenaHKWCakrNIEdlGRtaén

karekItCMgWRKuncaj;mankMritTab. • tamkarkt;sMKal;edayGñkPUmi cMnucxVHxatepSgeToténkareRbIR)as;mugKW ³ (1) mUseRcInxaMenAeBlRBlb;

(2) RbCaBlrdæxøHKitfakarsMranþkñúgmugekþAeBk (3) RbCaBlrdæxøHeRbIR)as;mugdUcCaPYyeBlGakasFatu cuHRtCak;kñúgeBlyb;.

• manCMenOCaTUeTAfa GñkPUmixøHekItCMgWRKuncaj;edaysar)anpwkTwkmins¥at. GñkPUmixøHk¾eCOpgEdrfa manfñaMbgáaCMgWRKuncaj; edayehtuenHBYkeKcg;esñIsMu[mankarcak;fñaMedIm,IBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj;.

• enAtamTIRbCMuCnEdlmanPñak;gars μ ½RKcitþ krNICMgWRKuncaj;)anfycuH 80%. b:Enþ kñúgkrNIxøHeTot RbCaBlrdæ)ant¥ÚjEt¥rGMBIkarxVHxatÉkeTs nigxVHkarts‘UénBBYkPñak;garsμ ½RKcitþTaMgenaH .

• bNþaPUmiEdlsßitenACítéRBkarBar krNIénCMgWRKuncaj;)anfycuH cab;taMgBIdMNak;kalcab;epþÍmén karham Xat;skm μPaBkab;eQI edaysarGñkPUmiminGaccUléRBkab;eQIteTAeTot)an.

4.4. extþkNþal 4.4.1. RsukkNþalsÞwg

• RsukenHrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn;Caerogral;qñaM .

• TwkCMnn;kñúgextþkMBg;s<W EdlCaextþenAExSTwkxagelI KWCasBaØaRbkasGasnñsMrab;RbCaBlrdæmUldæanfa PUminanarbs;BYkeKnwgRtUvCn;licenAkñúgGMLúgeBlb:unμanéf¶xagmux.

• RKYsarGñkmanFnFansg;pÞHy:agx<s;putBIdI nigenAx<s;CagkMBs;TwkCMnn;. BYkGñkRkIRkcaM)ac;RtUvsßitenAelI dMbUlpÞHrbs;xøÜn enAkñúgGMLúgeBlmanTwkCMnn;.

• stVRkbI eKa nigstVciBa©wmepSgeTotRtUv)anCMeloseTAdak;enAtampøÚvfñl; pøÚvrfePøIg nigtamTYlnanaEdl mansuvtßiPaBBITwkCMnn;.

• manTMnb;mYyeTIbksagfμ ÍenAtamdgsÞwgERBketñat b:uEnþ)anRtUvhUreRcaHy:agxøaMg nigminGackarBarTwkCMnn; )aneLIy . enAelIdgsÞwgmanTVarTwkmYy. enAeBlmanTwkCMnn; TVarTwkenHenAEtbiTCítdEdl edIm,IkarBar tMbn;enAxageRkamExSTwk CaehtueFVI[sßanPaBCn;licenAPaKxagelIkan;EtF¶n;F¶r. b:uEnþenArdUvR)aMg TVarTwk enHTb;TwkmYycMEnkenAExSTwkxagelIénsÞwg CaehtueFVI[sßanPaBraMgs¶ÜtenAExSTwkxageRkamkan;EtF¶n;F¶r.

• enAkñúgGMLúgeBlraMgs¶Üt GñkPUmibUmTwkBIsÞwg b¤CÍkreNþAenAeBaHsÞwg . 4.4.2. RsukxSac;kNþal

24

• RsukenHTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt .

• PUminanaenAkñúgtMbn;enHFøab;EtlicTwkCMnn;CaFm μta edaysarsßitenACítdgTenøemKgÁ. RbEhlbIqñaMmun GñkPUmixøH)ansg;TMnb;enACMuvíjkEnøgtaMgTIlMenA nigdIksikmμrbs;xøÜn. taMgBIeBlenaHmk TMnb;)ankarBar PUmienaHeCosputBIkarliclg; sUm,IEtCMnn;kñúgqñaM 2001. GñkPUmik¾)ansg;lUTwkCaeRcInenAkñúgPUmiEdr edIm,I edaHTwk. TMnb; niglUTaMgenaH)anksageLIgedayfvíkaGñkPUmipÞal; eRBaHfaGñkPUmimin)anTTYlCMnYyGVImYy BIxageRkAeLIy. edayykKMrUénkarbnSaMuedayeCaKC½yenH PUminanaepSgeTotk¾)ansg;TMnb;karBarPUmi rbs;xøÜnBITwkCMnn;pgEdr.

• PaBraMgs¶Üt)ankøayCabBaðaRbcaMqñaM edayehtufaPUmiEdlRkIRkminGacsg;GNþÚg)aneLIy. ehtuenHRbCa BlrdæRtUvedIrcMgayCaeRcInKILÚEm:RteTAdgTwkBIRsHmYycMnYnenAtamvtþGar:amnana b¤BITenøemKgÁ.

• GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alkm<úCamYyeQ μaH {mCÄmNÐlRsavRCavsMrab;karGPivDÆn_énkm<úCa}(CRCD) eTIb)an sg;GagTwkmYyrYcCaeRsc EdlGacpÁt;pÁg;TwksMrab;RbCaBlrdædl; 1.000nak;enAkñúgrdUvR)aMgEdlraMgs¶Üt. GagTwkenaHmancMNuH 10.000 m3 nigbMBak;edayTVarTwk. GñkPUmiCaGñkRKb;RKgGagenaHedayxøÜnÉgTaMg Rsug. TwkkñúgGagenaHsMrab;eRbIR)as;tameKhdæan nigsYnc,arEtb:ueNÑaH . GgÁkarCRCD )anelIkTwkcitþ GñkPUmi[daMedImeQIhUbEpø nigbEnøBUCkñúgRsuk enACMuvíjGagenaH edIm,IkarBarTMnb;CMuvíjGag nigedIm,IrYm cMENkkñúgsnþisuxes,ógpgEdr.

4.4.3. RsuklVaÉm

• Caerogral;qñaM RsukenHlicTwkry³eBlR)aMmYyEx ehtuenHRbCaCnmanRbéBNIbnSaMu)anl¥cMeBaHTwkCMnn;. • eKhdæanTaMgLayRtUv)ansagsg;enAkMBs;y:agehacNas; 6 Em:Rtx<s;putBIdI. RKYsarEdlmanFnFansg;

pÞHrbs;xøÜnelIsrsrebtug cMENkRKYsarRkIRksg;pÞHelIsrsrbJsSI. pÞHTaMgGs;sg;enAelITITYlEdlman kMBs;x<s;CagnIvU:dIFm μtaBIrb¤bIEm:Rt.

• stVBahn³TaMgLayRtUv)anEfTaMenAtamTITYlx<s;². GñkPUmiRtUvbg;éføQñÜleTAGñkdéTsMrab;karEfTaMstV TaMgenaH.

• GaKarsaFarN³ rYmTaMgsalaeronsuT§swgksagelIsrsrx<s;²putBIdI. 4.5. extþekaHkug 4.5.1. RsukkMBg;sIla

• TwkCMnn;enAkñúgRsukenHekIteLIgedaysarTwkhUry:agKMhuk BIPñMenACMuvíjtMbn;enH.

• manTMnb;mYy)ansagsg;eLIgenAkñúgrbbExμrRkhm edIm,InaMTwkBIPñMeTAkan;tMbn;ksikmμ. b:uEnþedaysarxVH karEfTaM RbLayenaHRtUvrak; Edlbc©úb,nñminGaceRbIR)as;)an. GñkPUmi)anesñIsþarRbLayenaHeLIgvíj edIm,Ikat;bnßy\T§iBlénTwkCMnn; nigedIm,Ipþl;TwksMrab;kareRsacRsB.

25

• GñkPUmieCOfakar)at;bg;éRBeQIenAtMbn;PñM)anbegáÍn\T§iBlénTwkCMnn;. • GñkPUmi)anraykarN_faGaCJaFrXMu)anlk;mugEdlpþl;edaykak)aTRkhm kñúgtMél1.000erolsMrab;mug

nImYy². eTaHbITMlab;EbbenHekIteLIgCaTUeTAkþI vaCaGMeBIel μ Isc,ab; eRBaHfamugenHKYrRtUv)anEckeday \tKitéfø.

• mankarGb;rMGMBICMgWRKuncaj; b:uEnþGñkPUmixøHminh‘aneTAcUlrYmeLIy edaysarBYkKat;BMuecHGkSr. elIsBI enH bNþaGñkEdl)ancUlrYmk¾RbQmnwgkarlM)akkñúgkarepÞrcMeNHdwgTaMgenaHeTAsmaCíkkñúgRKYsarEdr.

• GñkPUmieCOfakarcUleTAkab;eQIenAtamtMbn;PñMKWCamUlehtucMbgénkarekItCMgWRKuncaj;. 4.5.2. RsukekaHkug

• bNþaPUmiEdlsßitenACítdgsÞwgEdlhUrmkBIPñMRtUvlicTwkCaerogral;qñaM. kMBs;TwkekIneLIgCamFüm 1-2

Em:Rt kñúgry³eBlmYyyb;.

• Caerogral;qñaMmanpÞHCaeRcInxñgEdlRtUv)anbMpøajedaysarTwkCMnn;. • BMumancMNat;víFankarbnSaMuCaRbéBNIeLIy. GñkPUmicg;sg;TMnb;mYyedIm,IkarBarpÞHrbs;BYkeK b:uEnþ BMuman

fvíka.

• enAkñúgPUmimYy GñkPUmi)anraykarN_faPñak;gars μ ½RKcitþ)anlk;fñaMBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj; EdlKYrRtUv)anEck eday\tKitéfø. Pñak;gars μ ½RKcitþrUbenaH)anTTYlR)ak;kMér 2 duløaGaemrik sMrab;karbNþúHbNþalmYyelIk nig )anTTYleTacRkyanþynþmYyeRKOgsMrab;GnuvtþkargarenH.

• GñkPUmieCOfakarbr)aj; nigkab;eQIkñúgéRBKWCamUlehtucMbgénkarekItCMgWRKuncaj;. 4.5.3. RsukERsGMbil

• RsukenHlicTwkCMnn;Caerogral;qñaM dUcenAkñúgRsukkMBtEdr. • tMbn;enAtambeNþaysÞwg nigTenømanRbCaCnrs;enAkuHkrCagkEnøgepSg eTaHbIgayrgeRKaHedaysarTwk

CMnn;k¾eday. RbCaBlrdæcUlcitþrs;enAkEnøgCítRbPBTwk nigkEnøgensaT. • TWkCmnn;)anbMpøajEteKhdæanNaEdlmin)ansg;x<s;putBIdIEtb:ueNÑaH. • GaCJaFrRsukraykarN_fa BYkeK)anTTYlCMnYyCaeRcInBIGgÁkarkak)aTRkhmkm<úCa. CMnYyTaMgenH)anrkSa

TukenAkñúgXøaMg eRBaHfaRbCaBlrdæBMuRtUvkarCMnYyeLIy. enHKWCakaryl;RclMkñúgcMeNamGaCJaFrenAfñak; kNþal Edlyl;faRsukenHTTYlrgeRKaHF¶n;F¶redaysarTwkCMnn; EdltamkarBit karekIteLIgénTwkCMnn;KW CaerOgFm μtasMrab;RbCaBlrdætMbn;enH.

• GñkPUmimanRbéBNIsegátBBkEdlRbmUlpþMúenABIelIkMBUlPñM EdlCasBaØafaCMnn;nwgekIteLIg. enAeBlenaH BYkeKbBa¢ÚnstVBahn³eTAtamTITYlx<s;.

• GñkPUmieCOfakar)at;bg;éRBeQIrYmcMENkeFVI[CMnn;kan;EtGaRkk;enAkñúgGMLúgeBlb:un μanqñaMcugeRkayenH.

26

4.6. extþkMBg;cam

CaTUeTA bNþaRsukEdl)aneFVIGegátrgeRKaHedaysarPaBraMgs¶ÜtCagedaysarTwkCMnn;. PaBeRcInBYkeK eFVIERsR)aMg. 4.6.1. Rsuk)aFay

• RsukenHlicTwkCaerogral;qñaM enAeBlEdlbwgTenøsabCn;EdlmanTwkhUrRcasRtlb;mkTenøsab nig TenøemKgÁvíj .

• TMlab;énkarbnSúaMcMeBaHTwkCMnn; manCaGaT× karsg;TMnb;eFVIeLIgedayGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al nigkarbBa¢Ún stVBahn³eTArkSaTukenAtampøÚvCati nigTITYlx<s;. manesckþIraykarN_BIbBaðaGsnþisux edaysarBYk ecareRcInEtlYcstVciBa©wm.

• edaysarmanePøógFøak;BMuRKb;RKan; ksikr)ancab;epþÍmdaMdMNaMenAcugrdUvR)aMg ehtuenHdMNaMTaMgenaHgay xUcxatedaysarTwkCMnn; edaysardMNaMTaMgenaHenAx©IBMuTan;GacFn;nwgkarliclg;. )atuPUtenHeTIbekIteLIg enAf μ Í²enH nig)ancab;ekIteLIgenAkñúgGMLúgeBl 4-5 qñaMmunenHEtb:ueNÑaH.

• enAqñaM 2003 ksikrbþÚrBIkareFVIERsR)aMg eTAdaMdMNaMEdlFn;nwgTwkCMnn; edIm,IbnSaMucMeBaHGakasFatuEdlERb RbYl. b:uEnþ edaysarenAqñaMenaHmanTwkCMnn;tUc dMNaMrbs;BYkKat;RtUvxUcxatGs;.

4.6.2. Rsukkgmas

• TwkCMnn;ekIteLIgCaTUeTAenAkñúgRsukenH. GñkPUmiEtgEtcat;karerobcMenAmuneBlcab;epþÍménrdUvvsSa eday eRtomes,óg nigcMNIstV.

• manRbCaBlrdæEtmYycMnYntUcb:ueNÑaHEdllk;stVBahn³muneBlCMnn;mkdl; eTaHbIBYkeKCYbRbTHbBaða cMNIstVk¾eday enAeBlEdlvalsMrab;stVrkcMNIRtUvliclg;eTAehIyenaH.

• mankarxVHxatTwksMrab;kareRbIR)as;tampÞH b¤sMrab;dMNaMRsUvR)aMg. edaysardegðÍmTwkenAeRCAeBk BYkKat;minGaceRbIR)as;GNþÚgTwk)aneLIyenArdUvR)aMg.

4.6.3. RsukRsIsn§r

• RsukenHCYbRbTHbBaðadUcenAkñúgRsukkgmasEdr. • RsukenHsßitenAq¶ayeBkBITenø EdlCakarlM)akkñúgkareFVIdMNaMrdUvR)aMg b:uEnþRtUvliclg;enArdUvvsSa. • GñkPUmiKrcMebIgTuksMrab;CaGaharstVenAmuneBlTwkCMnn;mkdl;. • KμankarRbkasGasnñGMBITwkCMnn;CamuneLIy manEtkarniyaytmat;KñaEtb:ueNÑaHBIGñkPUmienAExSTwkxagelI.

4.7. extþkMBg;qñaMg

27

4.7.1. RsukbribUN’

• RsukenHlicTwkCaerogral;qñaM bNþalBITwkCMnn;énsÞwgbribUN’ nigBITenøsab. • GñkPUmirkSaTukcMebIgmuneBlmanTwkCMnn;mkdl; nigCMelosstVeTAtampøÚvfñl; TMnb; nigTITYlnana enAeBl

manTwkCMnn;. • enArdUvR)aMg ksikrbUmTwkBITenøsMrab;eRsacRsBdIERsrbs;BYkeK. b:uEnþ RbCaBlrdæmUldæan)ansMEdgkar

RBYy)arm μN_GMBIkMenInéføeRbg EdlmanEtERssßitenACítTenøEtb:ueNÑaHEdlGacTTYlplcMeNj. 4.7.2. RsukkMBg;RtLac

• TwkCMnn;ekIteLIgRbcaMqñaMenAkñúgRsukenH . kMBs;TwkekIneLIgyWt²bNþalBICMnn;enAkñúgTenøsab EdlGac pþl;eBlevlasmRsbsMrab;RbCaBlrdæmUldæanedIm,ICMelosstV b¤cakecjBIeKhdæan.

• mankareFVIERsRbedjTwkedayeRbIR)as;Twksl;BICMnn; EdlenAdk;tamRsH. eRkABIenHmankarbUmTwksMrab; eRsacRsBERsEdlsßitenACítdgTenøsabpgEdr.

4.8. RkugRBHsIhnu 4.8.1. sgáat;éRBnub

• sgáat;éRBnub)anTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarxül;BüúH EdlbMpøajpÞHsMEbg nigpldMNaM. xül;mankMlaMgxøaMg EdlGacbMebIugdMbUlpÞH)an. GñkPUmieRcInEtpþÜledImRsUvedIm,Ikat;bnßykarxUcxatedayxül;BüúH nigsßitenA kñúgpÞHedayRkabenAnwgkMralkþar enAeBlmanBüúH.

• tMbn;EdlrgeRKaHedaysarTwksmuRTeCarRtUv)ane)aHbg;ecalry³eBlBIrqñaM. BIdMbUgGñkPUmi)anBüayamCYs CulTMnb;TwkéRbEdlmanRsab; b:uEnþemPUmienAEtbnþkab;rgVHbgðÚrTwkedIm,Icab;RtICaRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn . emPUmi dEdlenH)anelIkTwkcitþRbCaBlrdæ[ksagTMnb;eLIgvíj EtBMu)anplsMerceLIy.

• GñkPUmieCOfakarCYsCulTMnb;enHKWCavíFIRbkbedayRbsiT§iPaB edIm,IraMgsáat;karRCabcUlénTwksmuRT b:uEnþ RbCaBlrdæBMumankareCOCak;cMeBaHemPUmi nigGñkdéTeLIy EdlCaGñkkab;TMnb;begáÍtrgVHTwkedIm,IensaT.

4.8.2. sgáat;eCÍgeKa

• GgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alBIRbeTs)araMgeQμaH {eRkt} (GRET) (RkumGñkRsavRCav nigpøas;bþÚrbec©kvíTüa), )anksagb:UlEDrmYycMnYnenAkñúgsgáat;enH.

• GgÁkar GRET )anCYsCulTMnb;mYysßitenAcMgayRbmaN10 km K>m BIpøÚvCatielx 4 edIm,ITb;sáat;kar RCabcUlénTwksmuRT. TMnb;manTMhMFMEdlGac[rfynþBIreRKOgebIkTnÞwmKña)an EdlenHmann½yfa

28

GñkensaTminGackab;rgVHTwk)anedaygayRsYlenaHeT . elIsBIenH karyl;eXIjfaTMnb;enaHKWCakm μsiT§i rbs;)araMg )ankøayCaktþaraMgsáat;karbMpøícbMpøaj.

• GñkPUmiraykarN_famankMenInplitplksikm μ TnÞwmnwgkarfycuHénPaBéRbenAelIdIksikmμ. • TMnb;enaHmanTVarTwkEdlGacedaHTwk)anenAeBlmanCMnn; . • sgáat;enHrgeRKaHedaysarkarxVHTwk. edaysarsßitenACítsmuRT eKminGacsg;GNþÚg)aneLIy. GñkPUmi

caM)ac;RtUvedIreTATijTwkBIRsHEdlenAcMgayRbmaN 1K>m edaytMél 1.000 erolkñúgmYyFug. GñkPUmi nigGaCJaFrmUldæan)anesñI[manRbB½n§pÁt;pÁg;Twks¥at EdlGacnaMTwkBIPñMEdlenAEk,renaH .

4.9. extþkMBg;s<W 4.9.1. Rsukc,armn

• RsukenH)anrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn;Caerogral;qñaM cab;taMgBIqñaM 1991mk edaysarTwkCMnn;BIsÞwgERBk etñat. CaTUeTA karCn;licmanry³eBlxøI . kalBImunqñaM 1991 GñkPUmiminEdlRbTHTwkCMnn;EbbenHeT. CMnn;EbbenHRbEhlCaekIteLIgedaysarplví)akénkarbMpøajéRBeQIenAkñúgTICMral.

• GñkPUmiePosxøÜnCaerogral;qñaMeTATITYlenAeBlmanTwkCMnn;. • RkumGavuFhtß)anCYyenAkñúgkarCMelos CaBiessenAeBlmanCMnn;bnÞan;. • karRbmUlplRsUvRbRBwtþeTABIrdgkñúgmYyqñaM edaysarmanRbLaynaMTwkBIsÞwgsMrab;eRsacRsBERs.

4.9.2. RsuksMeragTg

• TwkCMnn;man\T§iBltictYcb:ueNÑaHcMeBaHRsukenH. • ksikreRsacRsBERsrbs;xøÜnedayeRbIR)as;TwkRbLayBIsÞwg. b:uEnþ valERsEdlsßitenAq¶ayBIRbLayem

RtUvkar[mankarsagsg;bNþajEckcayTwktUc² edIm,IBRgÍképÞdIeRsacRsB. 4.10. extþkMBg;FM 4.10.1. RsukkMBg;sVay

• TwkBIédTenøsab)anCn;licRsukenHCaerogral;qñaM . • GñkPUmiraykarN_faenAkñúgGMLúgeBlb:unμanqñaMcugeRkayenH manTwkCMnn;ekIteLIgkan;Etjwkjab;. • víFankarbnSaMuEdlGñkPUmiGnuvtþn_manCaGaT× eRbIR)as;BUCRsUvEdlFn;nwgkarCn;lic ¬EdlmanedImRbEvg 5

Em:Rt¦ eRtomTUkmuneBlCMnn;mkdl; eRtomes,ógGahar nigGus .

• karensaTKWCaskmμPaBcMbgEdlnaMmknUvcMNUlenAeBlmanCMnn;. • GñkPUmixøHGaceTARCkekanenAkñúgvíharkatUlik EdltaMgenATITYlx<s;.

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• vtþGaramenAmUldæanEtgEtRbmUlbc©½y ¬CaR)ak;¦ sMrab;Eckcaydl;GñkPUmienAeBlmanCMnn;. • enArdUvR)aMg nigtamtMbn;q¶ayBITenø RsHKWCaRbPBTwkEtmYyKt;. edaysarkarCn;licenArdUvvsSa BMuman

karsagsg;GNþÚgenAkñúgRsukenHeT.

• RsHEdlmanRsab;RtUv)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;tMkl;Twk)anBICMnn;. b:uEnþ GñkPUmiraykarN_fa KuNPaBTwkminl¥ edaybgá[manbBaðasuxPaBbNþalBITwkl¥k;eBk. eyagtamGñkPUmi éRBeQImannaTICatMrgeRcaHTwkTMnn; ehIykarbMpøajéRBeQIKWCamUlehtucMbgén eFVI[xUcKuNPaBTwk .

4.10.2. RsukR)asaTsMbUr

• kartMkl;TwkTukKWCabBaðaRsYcRsal;enAkñúgRsukenH. • kartMkl;TwkkñúgGagFarasaRsþKWCaRbéBNIenAkñúgRsukenH. b:uEnþkgVHfvíkakøayCa]bsKÁkñúgkarEfTaMGagTwk

cas;² nigkñúgkarsagsg;GagTwkfμ ÍCabEnßm. karecjcUlkñúgRsukenHmanlkçN³lM)ak edayRsukenHsßit enAdac;q¶ayBIpøÚvFM² nigBIskm μPaBGPivDÆn_.

• RbPBcMbgénTwkeRbIR)as;KWsÞwgEdlmanTwktamrdUv nigedaykal. • GNþÚgBMuGacpþl;TwkRKb;RKan;eLIy. GñkPUmieCOfadegðÍmTwkGackan;EtexSayeTA²enAkñúgGMLúgeBlb:un μanqñaM

cugeRkayenH. 4.10.3. RsuksnÞúk

• karciBa©wmstVKWCaskm μPaBesdækic©d¾sMxan;CaRbéBNIenAkñúgRsukenH EdlrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn;Caerog ral;qñaM . ehtuenH GaCJaFrmUldæan nigGñkPUmi)anBicarNaGMBIvíFankarEfTaMstVtamEbbbUraN edIm,IbnSaMu cMeBaHTwkCMnn;. GñkPUmienAkñúgtMbn;licTwk)ancat;Ecg[GñkPUmiEdlminlicTwkCMnn;EfTaMstVciBa©wmrbs;BYk eK dUcCa stVeKa . GñkPUmiTaMgBIr)anerobcMCakic©RBmeRBogEdlmankarTTYlsÁal;BIGaCJaFrXMu. GñkEfTaM b¤ {Gñkx©I} RBmeRBogEfTaMstVTaMgenaH EdlBYkeKGaceRbIR)as;enAkñúgkargarksikmμ dUcCakñúgkarP¢Ürras;. Gñkx©I mantMkl;R)ak;FanasMrab;krNIEdlstVGacsøab;Cayfaehtu ÉkarTUTat;sgTaMgRsugGaceFVIeLIgenAkñúg krNImankar)at;bg; b¤stVRtUvecarlYc.

4.10.4. RsuksÞwgEsn

• RsukenH)anbgðaj[eXIjBIKMrUénvíFankarbnSaMedayeCaKC½y nigEdlCakarpþÜcepþÍmcMruH GnuvtþedayGaCJaFr mUldæan nigGñkPUmi.

• plví)akénCMnn;qñaM 2000 )anCMruj[GaCJaFrXMubegáÍtCaFnaKarRsUvEdlmansmtßPaBtMkl;RsUvTuk)an 2

eTA 3 etan. GñkPUmiRtUvrYmvíPaKTanCaRsUv ehIyRsUvenaHnwgRtUvEckeTAGñkPUmivíjtamkarcaM)ac; edIm,I

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edaHRsayeBlmanTwkCMnn; b¤eBlplRsUvxUcxat. FnaKarRsUvenHk¾)anTTYlGMeNayBIrdæaPi)al nig GgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alpgEdr .

• GaCJaFrmUldæanhamXat;karensaTenAkñúgbwgshKmn_TMhM 10 hikta. kareFVIEbbenHGacFanaesßrPaB snñiFiplRtIenAkñúgvalERsEdlenACMuvíjenaH eRBaHfaRtIeFVIcracrecj-cUlkñúgbwgenAeBlmanCMnn;.

• GaCJaFrmUldæan)anbegáÍtéRBeQIshKmn_elIvísalPaBépÞdITMhM5hikta eday)anTTYlkarÉkPaBBIGaCJaFr enAfñak;Cati eRkayBIkarGnuvtþKMeragenH)anR)aMqñaMrYcmk. éRBeQIenHrYmcMENkenAkñúgkarRTRTg;snþisux es,óg nigTb;sáat;sMNwkdIenAkñúgtMbn;CMuvíj.

4.11. extþRkecH 4.11.1. RsukRkecH

• GñkPUmimanTMlab;eFVIERsenAtamdgTenø kñúgtMbn;gayrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn; nigdaMbEnø RBmTaMgeQIhUb EpøenAelITITYl EdlCatMbn;gayrgeRKaHedaysarPaBraMgs¶Üt.

• TwkCMnn;ekIteLIgedayFm μCati. GñkPUmikt;sMKal;fa karEfTaMstVciBa©wmKWCavíFankarbnSaMuEdllM)akbMput. mancMNIstVtictYcEtb:ueNÑaHEdleRtomTuk)ansMrab;rdUvTwkCMnn;TaMgmUl.

• RbCaBlrdæ)anraykarN_fa BYkeKEtgEtTTYlkarRBmanCamun 4 eTA 5 éf¶ BIGaCJaFrmUldæan muneBlCMnn; ekIteLIg Edltameyabl;rbs;BYkKat; minTan;RKb;RKan;enAeLIyeTsMrab;eRtomcMeBaHeRKaHmhnþray.

• kMBs;TwkEdl)ankt;RtaedayKN³km μkarTenøemKgÁmanbiTpSayenATIsaFarN³ rYmTaMgenAkariyal½yXMu nigtamvtþGaram. b:uEnþ GñkPUmimankarlM)ak;yl;GMBITinñn½yEdlpþl;enaH nigt¥ÚjEt¥rfaRubPaBenaHbgðaj EtBIkMBs;Twk edayBMumankarBüakrN_GMBITwkCMnn;eLIy.

4.11.2. RsukERBkRbsb;

• RsukenHliclg;TaMgRsugedaysarTwkCMnn;TenøemKgÁRbcaMqñaM nigRtUvxVHTwkeRbIR)as;enArdUvR)aMg enAeBlEdl sÞwgnanarIgs¶Üt.

• KμankareFVIERseTenATIenH. GñkPUmimanRtwmEtdaMeQIhUbEpø nigbEnø. • RKYsarnanatMkl;TwkenAkñúglUsMrab;TukeRbIR)as;enArdUvR)aMg .

• GñkPUmiraykarN_GMBIkMenInkMeTckMnkenA)atTenø enAkñúgGMLúgb:unμanqñaMknøgeTAf μ Í²enH ehIyTwkkñúgTenøk¾ kan;EtticeTA².

4.12. extþéRBEvg 4.12.1. RsukkMBg;RtEbk

31

• RsukenHmanRbLayEdlnaMTwkBITenøsMrab;eRsacRsB. CabeNþIr² GñkPUmipøas;bþÚrBIkareFVIERsvsSamk ERsR)aMg edaybUmTwkBITenøsMrab;eRsacRsB.

• GñkPUminigGaCJaFrmUldæan)ant¥ÚjEt¥rfakMNat;pøÚv C2 énpøÚvCatielx 1 Edlpþl;mUlniiFiCYsCuledayFnaKar GPivDÆn_GasIu (ADB) )ankøayCaTMnb;Twk edaysarBMumanbMBak;edaylU b¤TVarTwkeLIy. CalT§pl karsþar pøÚvenHeLIgvíj)annaM[mankarpøas;bþÚrrbbTwkCMnn; nigkareRsacRsB eFVI[dMNaMRsUvvsSakan;Etgayrgkar xUcxat.

4.12.2. RsuksuIFrkNþal RsukéRBEvg RsukBaraMg nigRsukRBHesþc

• RsukTaMgbYnenHmanlkçN³Rbhak;RbEhlKña edayTTYlrgeRKaHBITwkCMnn;TenøemKgÁenAedUvvsSa. • GñkPUmi)ankt;sMKal;BIkarERbRbYlvísalPaB nigkarekIteLIgjwkjab;CagmunénTwkCMnn;enAkñúgGMLúgeBl

b:un μanqñaMknøgeTAfμ Í²enH. kñúgkrNIxøH ksikr)aneRCÍsykBUCRsUvEdlmanedImEvg nigGacFn;nwgkarliclg; ry³eBlEvgCagmun. edaysarBMumankarBüakrN_GMBITwkCMnn; karkMnt;efrevlaénkardaMduHCakarlM)ak. rYmpSMnwgkarxVHTwkenAqñaMEdlmanCMnn;tUcxusRbRktI plRsUvRtUvxUcxat.

• ksikr)anBüayamBRgÍkdIeRsacRsBsMrab;eFVIERsR)aMg edayCÍkGNþÚgCMerA 30-40 Em:Rt edIm,IEsVgrkRbPB TwkeRkamdI. GNþÚgTaMgenaHpþl;TwkRKb;RKan;sMrab;EtépÞdIERsR)aMgRtwmTMhM 4 hiktaEtb:ueNÑaH. b:uEnþ Gñk PUmi)ankt;sMKal;fa degðÍmTwkeRkamdIkan;eRCAeTA² bNþalBIkareRsacRsBEbbenH. kñúgkrNIxøHeTotBYkeK minGaceRbIR)as;GNþÚgsMrab;eRsacRsBelIsBImYyqñaM)aneLIyedaysarmanbBaðaekIneLIgénCatiéRb.

• GagTwk nigRsHEdlmanRsab;mansmtßPaBtMkl;TwkticeBk edaysarxVHkarEfTaMRsHTaMgenaHk¾kan;Etrak; eTA² Caerogral;qñaMedaysarkMenInénkMeTckMnk. GñkPUmik¾benÞaskarbMpøajéRBeQIfaCamUlehtuénkMenIn kMeTckMnkenAkñúgGagTwkrbs;BYkKat;pgEdr.

4.13. extþeBaFisat; 4.13.1. Rsuk)akan

• TwkbwgTenøsabCn;licRsukenHCaerogral;qñaM. RbsinebICMnn;ekIneLIgyWt² nigsnSwm² dMNaMRsUvvsSanwg Gacpþl;pl. b:uEnþ GñkPUmi)ankt;sMKal;fa enAkñúgqñaMknøgeTAf μ Í²enH TwkCMnn;)anekIteLIgedayminGacKit TukCamun)an eFVI[dMNaMRsUvvsSaRtUvpSgnwgPaBRbfuykMritx<s;.

• kalsm½ymunsRgÁam tMbn;enaHk¾RtUv)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;dMNaMRsUvR)aMgpgEdr edayeRbIR)as;bNþajeRsac RsBBIsÞwgeBaFisat;. kareFVIEbbenHminGacbnþeTA)aneLIyenAeBlbc©úb,nñ edaysarRbLayenaHman kMeTckMNkeRcIneBk nigminGaceRbIR)as;)an. GñkPUmi)anesñI[mankarsþarbNþajeRsacRsBenHeLIgvíj CavíFankarbnSaMucMeBaHPaBraMgs¶Üt.

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4.13.2. RsukkeNþóg

• RsukenHlicTwkedaysarCMnn;BIsÞwgeBaFisat; nigBIbwgTenøsab .

• karbnSaMuEdllM)akGnuvtþn_CageKcMeBaHTwkCMnn;KW karCMelosstVBahN³eTAkan;tMbn;PñM. karN_enHTamTar [mankareFVIdMeNIrCaeRcInéf¶. RKYsarnanaGacsßitenACaeRcInExenAtMbn;PñM rhUtdl;TwkRskputGs;. smaCík RKYsarxøHsñak;enAkñúgpÞHÉPUmi edIm,IeFVIensaT.

• mankareFVIEtERsvsSab:ueNÑaH. eTaHbIsÞwgsßitenACítPUmikþI ksikrBMumanR)ak;RKb;RKan;edIm,IbUmTwkeRsacRsB dIERsrbs;BYkeKeLIy.

4.14. extþrtnKirI 4.14.1. RsukevÍnés

• TwkCMnn;ekIteLIgeBjmYyqñaM rYmTaMgenAkñúgrdUvR)aMg. kMBs;TwkekIneLIg nigRskcuHy:agqab;rh½s EdlGac

eFIVpÞHCaeRcInliclg;enAkñúgry³eBlRtwmmYyyb;Etb:ueNÑaH. • GñkPUmieCOfakarsg;TMnb;varIGKÁisnIenAy:alI sßitenAExSTwkxagelIkñúgRbeTsevotNam KWCamUlehtuén

CMnn;enH. karcab;epþÍmdMeNIrkarTMnb;varIGKÁisnIenHRsbeBlCamYykarcab;epþÍmekItmanCMnn;xusRbRktI (TwkCMnn;enArdUvR)aMg kMBs;TwkCMnn;ekIneLIgqab;rh½sRtwmry³eBlmYyyb;) nigkarfycuHy:agqab;rh½sén plensaT.

• enAkñúgrdUvvsSa karERbRbYlkMBs;TwkekItmanCajwkjab;.

• CMgWRKuncaj;KWCabBaðacMbgd¾sMxan;mYycMeBaHsuxPaBRbCaBlrdæenAkñúgRsukenH. b:uEnþ eyagtamGñkPUmi cMnYn krNIenH)anfycuH cab;taMgBIkardak;[Gnuvtþn_km μvíFIEckmug.

• GñkPUmieRcInTTYlkarBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj;BIsMNak;evC¢bNÐitÉkCn. karcak;fñaMBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj;mþgRtUv cMnayGs; 100.000 erol. evC¢bNÐitrdæRtUv)anRbCaBlrdæyl;faBMumanRbsiT§iPaBeT eRBaHfaBYkeKminsUv Büa)aledaykarcak;fñaM edayRKan;Et[fñaMelb.

4.14.2. RsuklMpat;

• TenøERsBk EdlhUrkat;RsukenH KWCaédTenøessan. ehtuenH TwkCMnn;manlkçN³Rbhak;RbEhlnwgsßan PaBenARsukevÍnésEdr.

• tMbn;xøHkñúgRsukenHEdlsßitenAq¶ayBITenømankarxVHTwk edaysarBMumanehdæarcnasm<½n§sMrab;tMkl;TwkTuk eRbIR)as;.

4.15. extþesomrab

33

4.15.1. RsukCÍERkg

• RsukenHrgeRKaHedaysarTwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt. • enAkñúgRsukenH maneFVITaMgERsR)aMg nigERsvsSa EdleFVI[CÍvPaBRbCaCnRKan;ebICabgÁÜr. edaysarsßitenA

CítbwgTenøsab tMbn;enHmanGMeNayplsMrab;kareRsacRsBenArdUvR)aMg. • GñkensaTraykarN_BIkarfycuHénplensaT RbEhlCabNþalBIkarensaTeRcInhYsehtu nigkarbMpøaj

éRBlicTwk. 4.15.2. RsukRkLaj;

• RsukenHsßitenAq¶ayBIbwgTenøsab nigTTYlrgeRKaHedaysarPaBraMgs¶Üt . • PaBenAdac;RsyaleFVI[tMbn;enHBMuTTYl)annUvkarGPivDÆn_eLIy . • kareFVIERsBwgEp¥kelITwkePøóg nigBMumanRbB½n§eRsacRsBeLIy. • GñkPUmirgeRKaHedaysarkarxVHxatTwk edayBMumanGNþÚgTwkeRcInRKb;RKan;. • karbr)aj; nigkab;eQI CamuxrbrbMeBjbEnßmcMeBaHmuxrbrdaMdMNaM .

4.15.3. RsukBYk

• kñúgXMuEkvBN’ ksikrmineFVIERsvsSaeLIy edaysarTwkCMnn;mankMBs;x<s;. enArdUvR)aMg mankareFVIERs edayTTYlTwkeRsacRsBBI)arayN_xaglic EdlCaGagTwkmanry³kMBs;x<s;sagsg;eLIgkñúgrvag qñaM 1.050. )arayN_xaglic manTMhM 7,9 x 2,2 K>m nigmansmtßPaBtMkl;Twk)an 80lan Em:RtRtIKuN. b:uEnþ edaysarxVHkarEfTaM nigkMenInénkMeTckMnk smtßPaBGagenHbc©úb,nñRtUv)an):an;s μanRtwmRbmaN 2

lanEm:RtRtIKuNEtb:ueNÑaH. eTaHCay:agenHkþI GagTwkEdlmancMNas;db;stvtSr_enHenAEtbnþpþl;TwksMrab; kareFVIERsenAeLIy. eyagtamksikr TwkBIGagenHmanKuNPaBx<s; (CaPasaExμr )arayxaglicmaneQ μaH mYyeTotehAfa {)arayN_Twkføa}) . b:uEnþ enArdUvekþAxøaMgbMput TwkenATIenHGacBMuRKb;RKan;sMrab;kareRbIR)as; enAtamPUminanaEdltaMgenAq¶ayBI)arayN_xaglicenH)aneLIy.

• enAsm½yrugerOgbMputényuKGgÁr smtßPaBtMkl;Twksrubén)arayN_TaMgGs; Gacmandl; 155 lanEm:Rt RtIKuN EdlGacpþl;TwkRKb;RKan;sMrab;TIRkugFMmYy nigsMrab;eRsacRsBdIERsTaMgLayenACMuvíj. manEt )arayN_BIrEtb:ueNÑaHEdlenAdMenIrkar)anenAeLIy.

4.15.4. RsuksVayelI

• PñMKUEln EdlCaTICMralPaKxagelIénextþesomrab sßitenAkñúgRsukenH . CMgWRKuncaj;Føab;ratt,atenA kñúgtMbn;PñMkñúgPUmiPaKenH.

• mancMnYnRKYsarRbmaN 70% Føab;TTYlrgeRKaH)at;bg;kUnedaysarCMgWRKuncaj;.

34

• eTaHbImankm μvíFIRbqaMgCMgWRKuncaj;)anGnuvtþedayGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alehIykþI GñkPUmiPaKeRcInenAEt eRbIR)as;»sfbUraNenAeLIy. edayELk RbCaBlrdæGacbYgsYgGarkS[karBar b¤Büa)alBYkeK.

• mCÄmNÐlsuxPaBEdlenACítbMputsßitenAÉTIrYmextþesomrab EdlmancMgayRbmaN 60 K>m. GñkPUmi GacdwgfamankarBüa)alekμgeday\tKitéføenAÉmnÞIreBTüd¾l,Il,ajeQ μaH :Kn§bu)a¢} EdldMenIrkareday evC¢bNÐitCnCatisVIús eQμaH Beat Krishner. b:uEnþ éføcMNayeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;TIrYmextþenHmankMritx<s; hYsehtusMrab;RKYsarTaMgenaHPaKeRcIn .

• GaCJaFr nigGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al)anEckmugeday\tKitéfø. b:uEnþ RbCaBlrdæTTYlCMgWRKuncaj;kñúgeBl eFVIkartamksidæanenAkñúgéRB. ksikmμtamEbbBencrKWCaTMlab;TUeTAmYy EdleFVI[ksikrRbQmnwgPaB RbfuyeRKaHfñak;énkarekItCMgWenH.

• tMbn;enHBMuxVHxatTwkeLIy edaysarmanGNþÚg nigRbPBTwkpusBIPñM Edlpþl;TwkRKb;RKan;sMrab;RKYsarnana eRbIR)as;.

4.16. extþsVayerog

dMNaMRsUvcMbgenAkñúgextþsVayerogKWRsUvvsSa. TinñiplRsUvTMngCamankMritx<s; nigekIneLIgCalMdab; enAeBlmanTwksMrab;eRsacRsBbEnßmenArdUvR)aMg. TIrYmextþsVayerogrgkarCn;licenAkñúgqñaM 2003 nig 2004 EdleyagtamRbCaBlrdæmUldæan KWCaRBwtþikarN_ EdlBMuFøab;manBImunmk. eRkABIrdUveFVIERs GñkPUmiGaceFVIkarCakmμkrenAkñúgRbeTsevotNamEdlenACítxag. 4.16.1. RsukkMBg;eraT×

• karpÁt;pÁg;TwkCabnþbnÞab;dl;RsukenHGaRs½yedayelIectnarbs;GaCJaFrRbeTsevotNam. sÞwgmYyEdl sßitenACab;RBMEdnxagRbeTsevotNam pþl;TwksMrab;eRsacRsBtamRbLayEckTwksg;edayGaCaJFrén RbeTskm<úCa. b:uEnþ GaCaJFrRbeTsevotNamCaGñkRKb;RKgTVarTwk EdlenHmann½yfa TVarTwkenHenAEt ebIkcMhrlÁwkNaksikrevotNamenAmanTwkRKb;RKan;Etb:ueNÑaH. RbLayenHeRbIR)as;sMrab;eRsacRsB ERsR)aMg.

• ksikrkñúgRsukenH)ane)aHbg;RsUvvsSaCabeNþIr²enAkñúgGMLúgTsSvtSr_knøgeTA edaysartMbn;enaHRtUvCn; licry³eBlkan;EtEvgeLIg². eyagtamGñkPUmi karsg;pøÚvfñl;edayBMumanlUedaHTwk )anbMElgRsukenH TaMgmUleTACaGagTwkd¾FMmYyenAkñúgeBlmanCMnn;.

• karbnSaMucMeBaHTwkCMnn;manCaGaT× sg;pÞHenAx<s;putBIdI nigkarCMelosstVBahN³eTATITYlsuvtßiPaB.

4.16.2. RsuksVayRCMuM

35

• GñkPUmiraykarN_fa RbPBTwkeRkamdIéRb nigpSMedaysmasFatuelah³kMritx<s;. ehtuenH GNþÚgEdl pþl;edayGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alRtUv)ane)aHbg;ecal.

• eyagtamRbCaBlrdæmUldæan karksagGagTwkGacCYykat;bnßykarxVHxatTwk. • plitPaBksikm μmankMritTab edaysarRbCaBlrdæKμansmtßPaBRtYtRtakarpÁt;pÁg;Twk edaysarmanTwk

ticeBkenArdUvR)aMg nigeRcIneBkenArdUvvsSa. 4.17. extþtaEkv 4.17.1. RsukKirIvg;

• GñkPUmibenÞaskarksagTMnb;TwkkñúgRbeTsevotNamfa)anbNþal[Cab;TwkedaHminrYc nigeFVI[TwkCMnn;kñúg RsukenHkan;EtF¶n;F¶r. TMnb;TwkenaHRtUv)anksagedIm,IkarBartMbn;ExSTwkxageRkam sßitkñúgRbeTsevot Nam BIeRKaHmhnþrayTwkCMnn;.

• enAkñúgrdUvR)aMg ksikrBwgEp¥kelIRbLaytUc²EdlCÍkedayédsMrab;kareRsacRsB. b:uEnþedaysarxVHkar EfTaMGagTwk eFVI[mankarxVHTwk nignaM[rgeRKaHBIPaBraMgs¶Üt.

4.17.2. RsukekaHGENþt

• GñkPUmiraykarN_fa manbBaðaBak;B½n§nwgkaredaHTwkedaysarsMNg;BIrCacMbg³ (1) TMnb;mYyEdlB½T§CMuvíjdI ksikm μ sMrab;eKalbMNgtMkl;TwkTukeRbIR)as; nig (2) pøÚvfñl;mYyExSEdlmannaTIdUcCaTMnb;Tb;TwkCMnn; EtminbMBak;edayRbB½n§lUsMrab;edaHTwk.

• TMnb;enaHpþl;GtßRbeyaCn_edayvaGactMkl;TwkTukeRbIR)as;enArdUvR)aMg. b:uEnþ enArdUvvsSa vabgákarraMgsÞH minGacedaHTwkCMnn;ecj)an CaehtueFVI[ry³eBl nigvísalPaBénkarCn;licekIneLIg. GñkPUmienAExSTwk xagelIt¥ÚjEt¥rfa RbCaBlrdæenAExSTwkxageRkam)anTTYlkic©karBarBITwkCMnn; nig)anTTYlRbeyaCn_BIkar pÁt;pÁg;TwkenArdUvR)aMg. GñkPUmik¾raykarN_pgEdrfamankarykBn§elIkareRbIR)as;Twk eTaHbIeKenAminc,as; faenHCaGMeBIRsbc,ab;b¤y:agNa. TMnb;enaHksageLIgedayRksYgGPivDÆn_CnbT.

• pøÚvfñl;eFVI[raMgsÞHkaredaHTwk. GñkPUmiesñIeLIgfa TaMgTMnb; nigpøÚvfñl;RtUvmanbMBak;edayRbB½n§RKb;RKgTwk edIm,IGacedaHTwkecjBItMbn;enaH.

4.17.3. RsukRtaMkk;

• GñkPUmi)anraykarN_famanBüúHkMbutt,ÚgenAkñúgqñaM 2004. tamEdleKdwg enHKWCaelIkdMbUgehIyEdleRKaH mhnþrayGakasFatuEbbenHekIteLIgenAkñúgtMbn;enH.

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• RsukenHTTYlrgeRKaHCacMbgedaysarPaBrags¶Üt. RbPBTwkcMbgKW RtBaMg b¤RsHtUc². RbLayEdlman Rsab;RtUv)ane)aHbg;ecalElgeRbIR)as;CaeRcInqñaMmkehIy edaysarmankMnkdIesÞIrEteBjeTAehIy. BMumanEpnkarGPivDÆn_FnFanTwkenAkñúgtMbn;enHeLIy.

V. esckþIsnñidæan

• RbCaBlrdæmUldæanmankaryl;dwgx<s;GMBIeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu nigRbPBéneRKaHmhnþrayTaMgenaH. GñkPUmi)andwgc,as;GMBIkarERbRbYlrbbClsaRsþ EdlbNþalBIkarsagsg;TMnb; nigpøÚvfñl; nigbNþalBIkar )at;bg;éRBeQI EdlGaceFVI[TwkCMnn;GacekIteLIgkan;Etjwkjab; nigkan;EtF¶n;F¶r nignaM[mankMenInkMnk dIenAkñúgRbB½n§tMkl;TwkeRbIR)as;.

• TMlab;CaRbéBNIkñúgkaredaHRsaykarERbRbYlGakasFatu nigsßanPaBGakasFatuGaRkk;minGaccat;Tukfa CakareRtomlkçN³ nigkarbnSúaM)aneLIy. RbCaBlrdæGacTMlab;)ancMeBaHkar)at;bg;GayuCÍvít karxUcxat RTBüsm,tþi nigplksikmμ Caerogral;qñaM b:uEnþTMlab;énkarTTYlykEbbenHminEmnmann½yfaCaeCaKC½y énkarbnSaMúenaHeLIy. cMeBaHRbCaBlrdæd¾eRcIn bNþaynþkaredaHRsayEdl)anykmkGnuvtþn_manRtwmEt eFVIkarbn;Rsn;sMu[manePøógFøak; b¤daMdMNaMCaFmμtaEtb:ueNÑaH.

• kareRtomlkçN³rbs;GñkPUmicMeBaH)atuPUtGakasFatuGaRkk; EdlGaccat;TukfaCasmtßPaBbnSaMucMeBaHkar ERbRbYlGakasFatu enAmankMritTabenAeLIy. mankrNICaeRcInEdlshKmn_mUldæanmanFnFanRKb;RKan; enAeBledaHRsayeRKaHmhnþrayGakasFatu b:uEnþenHKWCakrNIelIkElg ehIyeRcInEtekIteLIgenAkñúgsßan PaBEdlshKmn_enaHmankarRsuHRsYlKña)anl¥ RBmTaMgmansßab½nmUldæanrwgmaM.

• GñkPUmiRbEhlCa)andwgGMBIynþkaredaHRsay nigbnSaMuRbkbedayRbsiT§iPaBCag dUcCa karsþarehdæarcna sm<½n§tMkl;Twk nigRbB½n§eRsacRsB ksagTMnb; nigrcnasm<½n§RKb;RKgTwk sg;pÞH[maMEdlGacFn;nwgxül; BüúH .l. b:uEnþ CaTUeTAkgVHFnFanhirBaØvtßúKWCa]bsKÁsMrab;shKmn_mUldæankñúgkarGnuvtþn_KMeragEbbenH.

• PaKeRcInénkic©RbwgERbgrbs;GaCJaFr)anepþatEtelIkargarRKb;RKgeRkayeRKaHmhnþray CagkarTb;sáat; nigkarbnSaMucMeBaH)atuPUtGakasFatuGaRkk;. TnÞwmnwgkarcaM)ac;BRgÍkkmμvíFIRKb;RKgkic©kareRkayeRKaH mhnþray[)andl;RKb;CnrgeRKaHTaMgGs; edIm,I[karTb;sáat;nigbnSaMu)anTTYleCaKC½y TamTar[mankar tBVkic©CabEnßmBIsMNak;rdæaPi)al nigGgÁkarGnþrCati.

• eyagtamkarsegátedayGñkPUmi )atuPUtTwkCMnn; PaBraMgs¶Üt nigxül;BüúH)anekIteLIgkan;Etjwkjab; nig xøaMgkøaCagmuncab;taMgBIRbmaNqñaM 2000 mk. manPsþútagBMuTan;Cak;lak;xøH²fa TwkCMnn; nigPaBraMgs¶Üt kMBugekIteLIgenAkñúgtMbn;EdlBMuFøab;ekItmanesaHBImunmk.

• kñúgkrNIxøH shKmn_mUldæan)anRbwgERbgedIm,IeFVIkarbnSaMúeTAnwgsßanPaBERbRbYlf μ Í²enHéneRKaHmhnþray GakasFatu. b:uEnþ mankrNImYycMnYnEdlRtUv)ansegáteXIjfaCabraC½yénkarbnSaMú. GñkPUmi)aneFVIkar pøas;bþÚrefrevlaénkardaMdMNaMedayBMu)anTTYleCaKC½y edaysarBMumankarBüakrN_GMBIsßanPaBFatuGakas enAkñúgmUldæan. GñkxøHeTot)aneFVIkarpøas;bþÚreTABUCRsUvEdlFn;nwgTwkCMnn; b:uEnþBUCTaMgenaHenAEtminGac

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Fn;RTaMnwgry³eBlEvgénPaBraMgs¶Üt. kñúgtMbn;xøH ksikr)anCÍkGNþÚg edIm,IbUmTwkeRkamdIsMrab;eRsacRsB RsUv b:uEnþkareFVIEbbenHGac)anplsMrab;ry³eBlRtwmmYyrdUvEtb:ueNÑaH bnÞab;mkdegðÍmTwkkñúgdIk¾RsutcuH.

• kñúgRbeTskm<úCa BMumankarBüakrN_kñúgmUldæanEdlGacTukcitþ)an nigRtwmRtUvenaHeLIy GMBIsßanPaBén GakasFatuGaRkk;. GñkPUmienAtamtMbn;ExSTwkxageRkamBwgEp¥kCasMxan;elIB½t’manBImat;mYyeTAmat;mYy BIbNþaGñkPUmienAExSTwkxagelIedIm,IeRtomlkçN³cMeBaHTwkCMnn;. dUcKñaenHEdr cMeBaHkrNIxül;BüúH nig TwksmuRTeCar shKmn_mUldæanenABMuTan;GaceRtomlkçN³)anenAeLIyeT. B½t’manGMBIkMBs;Twk EdlGac manbiTpSaymþgmáalenAtamTIsaFarN³ )anbnSl;TuknUvkarRcbUkRcbl;GMBIfaetIRtUvbkRsayEbbNa.

• enAmankaryl;RcLMeRcInenAeLIyGMBIkrNICMgWRKuncaj; nigCMenORbéBNIminsmehtuplmYycMnYnenAkñúg cMeNamRbCaBlrdæfñak;TabbMput. CMenOTaMgenaHmanCaGaT× karekItCMgWRKuncaj;bNþalBIpwkTwkmins¥at vtþmanfñaMbgáaCMgWRKuncaj; nigtMrUvkarcak;fñaMenAeBleFVIkarBüa)alCMgWRKuncaj;.

• manRKYsarticCagmYyPaKbIéncMnYnEdl)anGegátsrubeCOfa karEckmugGacCayuT§saRsþRbkbedayRbsiTi§ PaBedIm,IbgáaCMgWRKuncaj;. b:uEnþmugRtUv)aneRbIR)as;CaPYyenAeBlraRtIEdlRtCak;xøaMg. elIsBIenH mugk¾BMu sUvpþl;RbeyaCn_Edr enAeBlEdlRbCaBlrdæTTYlCMgWRKuncaj;kñúgeBlkab;eQI b¤rkGusenAkñúgéRB b¤kñúg eBleFVIkarenAtamcMkardMNaM.

• cMeBaHRKYsarPaKeRcInEdl)aneFVIsMPasn_ éføcMnayKWCaktþacMbgEdlkMnt;GMBICMerIskñúgkarBüa)alCMgWRKun caj;. esÞIrEtBak;kNþaléncMnYnRKYsarTaMgGs;Edl)anGegát RtUveFVIdMeNIrq¶ayCag 5 KILÚEm:RtedIm,ITTYl karBüa)al.

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Éksareyag Cambodian Red Cross. 2003a. Summary of Flood Situation Report. Phnom Penh: CRC. Cambodian Red Cross. 2003b. Drought Statistics. Phnom Penh: CRC. Centre for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control. 2003. Annual Progress Report. Phnom Penh: CNM. National Institute of Statistics. 2003. Statistical Yearbook 2003. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2001. Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. United Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2002. Annotated Guidelines for the Preparation of National Adaptation Programmes of Action. Bonn: UNFCCC. United Nations Development Program. 2003. Formulation of the National Adaptation Program of Action to Climate Change – Project Document. Phnom Penh: UNDP.

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