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2011 191

CONTENTS

Foreword / Ok, Moo Seok

A Study on the legal modification to prevent the bankruptcy of

a local government

- Chiefly on the experence of Japan and its implication -

/ Yoo, Jin Sik 3

The Way of a sound Private Participation in Infrastructure(PPI)

Project Corporation for the Regional Development

/ Kwon, Kyoung-Hyun 21

The Deductions for Financial Soundness of Local Governments

/ Ko, Kyung Hoon 57

A Study on the institutional improvement in the debarment on the

Unfair Contract Partners / Tae-wan Kim 75

A Progressive Approach of Direct Buying System for Construction Materials

in Korean Public Procurement / Dae-Sik Kim 99

Limitations of and Development Plan for Private Procurement Contracts

with Municipalities / Won Jeong 121

/ Kang, Ki Hong 155

Q&As for Local Government Contracting 163

History of association 173

175

Articles of association 177

Editing rules of Journal of Local Government Contracting 181

2011 board members 191

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20 2

A Study on the legal modification to prevent

the bankruptcy of a local government- Chiefly on the experence of Japan and its implication -

14)

Yoo, Jin Sik

This paper deals with the way how we can secure the local government's fiscal health

through the process of Yubari city's bankruptcy and the new local fiscal health law in Japan

and the corresponding legal system in Korea. To secure the local government's fiscal health,

this research leads to those suggestions as follows;

At first we should mention the construction of governance, which is most important

thing to secure the local government's fiscal health. It means we should acknowledge who

will watch and control the operation of local government fiance efficiently. The first answer

is a local assembly. A local assembly's proper control to it leads to an agreeable

consequence. But with this respect, unfortunately, we can't expect our local assembly to

do such a role because it is far inferior to the governor in power. It is the reason why

we should describe the distinctive role of a local assembly in the local government law.

And, related to the construction of governance, we can't but speak of the role of residents.

Our local government law has employed the wonderful residents participation clauses but

its rigid requisites to be applied is largely criticized. And so it will soon be revised.

Secondly we should discuss the heavy centralism in the system of securing the local

government's fiscal health. It is possible that the system will not work well because we can

often see many Keynesians in the central government.

Consequently it should be said it is urgent mission to modify the system to secure

the local government's fiscal health. As it is mentioned above, the local government doesn't

make a role in securing the local government's fiscal health and those clauses of our local

finance law related is excessively owing to the discretion the minister of the ministry of

public administration and security. We will soon secure the more distinctive and systematic

law to secure the local government's fiscal health.

Key Words : local self-government, local finance, finance crisis, fiscal health, centrallism,

Yubari city

Conbuk National University Law School, Associate Professor

15)

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Scott L. Hoffman. 2008. The Law and Business of Internatinal Project Finance.

Cambridge.

56 2

The Way of a sound Private Participation in Infrastructure(PPI)

Project Corporation for the Regional Development

54)

Kwon, Kyoung-Hyun

Private Participation in Infrastructure(PPI) Projects in Infrastructure Facilities have

contributed to the development of the regional economy by encouraging the creativity and

efficiency in provision and operation of the Infrastructure Facilities, through promoting the

private sectors investment in such Facilities. But PPI Projects may lead to financial burden

on local governments. Because local governments make fiscal policies, such as financial

support and grant of buyout right. Specially PPI Projects is funded by the way of project

finance. Project finance is the long term financing of infrastructure and industrial projects

based upon the projected cash flows of the project rather than the balance sheets of the

project sponsors. So it is necessary for the success of PPI Projects to establish and operate

PPI Project Corporation properly.

Act on Private Particpation in Infrastructure prescribes the eligibility of the

Concessionaire as Request for Proposal. And Act on Private Particpation in Infrastructure

requests Corporation eligible for participants in PPI Projects. A PPI Project Corporation in

Potential Concessionaire is to be designated as Concessionaire by closing a Concession. But

at that time a PPI Project Corporation is not established. Therefore Act on Private

Particpation in Infrastructure prescribes that a Concessionaire meets requirements before the

application for approval of Detailed Engineering and Design Plan for Implementation. The

Competent Authority have to check that a PPI Project Corporation is to establish as the

Project Proposal. After the establisment of a PPI Project Corporation it is necessary for the

Competent Authority to supervise the construction and operation by the Corporation

applicably. Because the success of PPI Projects depend on PPI Project Corporations. Most

of all the sound establishment and operation of PPI Project Corporations is important in PPI

Projects in Infrastructure Facilities. In that condition, PPI Projects in Infrastructure Facilities

is able to contribute the development of the regional economy.

Key Words : Infrastructure Facilities, Private Participation in Infrastructure(PPI) Project,

Financial Support, PPI Project Corporation, Project Finance, Potential

Concessionaire, Concessionaire, Request for Propsal, Cocession Agreement

Lawyer, Public and Private Infrastructure Investment Management Center, KDI

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73

The Deductions for Financial Soundness of Local Governments

7)

Ko, Kyung Hoon

This study aims to derive a direction of the desirable deductions for local finance for

financial soundness and future mid-and-long-term tasks to seek for this. To this end, the

concept of the current deductions for local finance was established and Acts of Korea Local

Finance Association and related provisions, a system for deductions for local finance, and

the association as the propulsion entity were substantially analyzed in order to investigate

the past and present of deductions for local finance and its desirable directions and future

tasks.

Specifically, basic directions were set as establishing and operating deductions for

local finance in members satisfaction responding to time change. To meet these, the

following was proposed as future tasks: efforts to realize natural disaster relief deductions

on a middle and long-term basis, induction of reparation liability by public service

organizations, strengthening the follow-up service on office buildings answering to policy

stance, and continued expansion of policy networks with interested and expert groups for

creating an atmosphere to build the relevant institutional foundation.

Key Words : Financial soundness of local governments, Deductions for local finance,

Korea Local Finance Association

Researcher, Korea Research Institute for Local Administration

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97

A Study on the institutional improvement in the

debarment on the Unfair Contract Partners

21)

Tae-wan Kim

Public procurement contracts traditionally deemed civil law relationships areincreasingly taking on characteristics emphasized in public law relationships such asuniversality, transparency, and legality. This trend is primarily motivated by a two-steptheory which views the procurement process as consisting of two sequential stepsseparated by the execution of contracts: the events leading up to the execution of acontract, such as bidding and selection of contractors, that are primarily governed by civillaw and the performance of the contract following its execution that is primarily governedby public law.

Since public procurement by definition is conducted by the national government, localgovernments, or other public organizations, it is necessary to emphasize the benefits to thepublic of a public procurement contract and its superiority to private alternatives. As aresult, it is important for public procurement officials to find ways to secure properperformance of the contract and guarantee fair competition in selecting a contractor, as wellas making sure that the rights of the contractor are adequately protected based on theprinciples of equity and fairness. Since these goals proper performance of the contract,adequate protection of the contractors rights, and transparency in the procurement processin general are not necessarily in conflict with one another, it is possible, and necessary,for the benefit of the research of the public procurement system to find ways to reconcileand harmonize these goals to maximize the effectiveness of the system.

Debarment, the subject matter of this paper, has been developed through case lawand theoretical debates as an administrative measure to ensure proper performance bycontractors of public procurement contracts. In addition to its penal nature, Debarment alsopossesses elements of civil law, such as implement and proper selection of contractors, andissues of criminal and administrative nature, such as after-the-fact penal injunctions againstthose contractors who violate their contractual obligations.

Though recognizing the importance of academic research in this area, this papersfocus is primarily on ways to practically improve the current operation and management ofthe Debarment, such as the reasonable redefining of the scope of contractors subject to thesystem, and takes legislative and interpretative approach to potential issues found in thesystem. It goes without saying that deeper and more diverse discussions on this topic wouldbe helpful and even necessary to bring substantial improvements to the present system.

Key Words : debarment, Public Procurement, Rights, Fair competion

Legal Affairs Division / Lawyer, Defense Acquisition Program Administration

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119

A Progressive Approach of Direct Buying System for

Construction Materials in Korean Public Procurement

29)

Dae-Sik Kim

The Direct Buying System(DBS) for Construction Materials in Korean Public is the

regime that public procurement entities buy construction materials from the small and

medium construction material enterprises, even though construction service provider is

selected through bidding. And then public procurement entities convey that materials to

construction service provider.

This article describes and analyzes the DBS for Construction Materials in Korean

Public Procurement, and discusses its implications for the small and medium construction

material enterprises. The objective of the article is to examine the ways by which the DBS

for Construction Materials in Korean Public Procurement will be more effective in the future

than the present time.

To that aim the article presents the critique that has been leveled against the DBS

for Construction Materials, and offers a new progressive structure for the system. The article

could contribute to realize mutual growth regime between the construction conglomerates

and the small and medium construction material enterprises in Korea.

Key Words : Direct Buying System for Construction Materials, SMEs Preference,

Korean Construction Service Procurement

Researcher, Korea Institute of Procurement

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153

Limitations of and Development Plan for

Private Procurement Contracts with Municipalities

20)

Won Jeong

With respect to public procurement contracts, entering into a private contract with a

party selected without a bidding process has the advantage of being able to contract with

a reliable company in an expedited and convenient way. However, a private contract has

the critical problem that it lacks the cost saving effect of a rational competition and is likely

to entail danger of corrupt practices due to the companies lobbying activities.

Improper use of private contracts will lead to the unnecessary waste of the

municipalities funding and put a damper on the economic growth and development

through market competition. Thus, the national economy and competitiveness will suffer a

setback if private contracts are used improperly.

The Act on Contracts to which a Municipality is a party and regulations therefor (the

Municipality Act) takes the same approach as the Act on Contracts to which the State is

a party and regulations therefor (the State Act) in that it allows private contracts as an

exception with clear limitations placed upon the procedures and processes thereof.

However, the Municipality Act does differ from the State Act in the details of criteria and

procedures for private contracts.

Thus, this article is aimed at accurate understanding of the various limitations upon

private contracts with municipalities via objective analysis of the language and legislative

purpose of the Municipality Act, and presentation of the right development direction with

respect to private contracts with proposals for amendment and improvement of the relevant

laws, regulations and system.

Key Words : Private Contract(Non-bidding Contract), General Limitations on Private

Contract, Submission of Multiple Price Proposals, Partition of Private Contract

Attorney, Yulchon, Atterneys at Law

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2) 54 Zul ssigkeit des ffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrages Ein Rechtsverh ltnis auf dem Gebiet des ffentlichen Rechts kann durch Vertrag begr ndet, ge ndert oder aufgehoben werden ( ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag), soweit Rechtsvorschriften nicht entgegenstehen. Insbesondere kann die Beh rde, anstatt einen Verwaltungsakt zu erlassen, einenffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrag mit demjenigen schlie en, an den sie sonst den Verwaltungsakt

richten w rde.

55 Vergleichsvertrag

Ein ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag im Sinne des 54 Satz 2, durch den eine bei verst ndiger W rdigung des Sachverhalts oder der Rechtslage bestehende Ungewi heit durch gegenseitigesNachgeben beseitigt wird (Vergleich), kann geschlossen werden, wenn die Beh rde den Abschlussdes Vergleichs zur Beseitigung der Ungewissheit nach pflichtgem em Ermessen f r zweckm igh lt.

56 Austauschvertrag

(1) Ein ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag im Sinne des 54 Satz 2, in dem sich der Vertragspartner derBeh rde zu einer Gegenleistung verpflichtet, kann geschlossen werden, wenn dieGegenleistung f r einen bestimmten Zweck im Vertrag vereinbart wird und der Beh rde zur Erf llung ihrer ffentlichen Aufgaben dient. Die Gegenleistung muss den gesamten Umst nden nach angemessen sein und im sachlichen Zusammenhang mit der vertraglichen Leistung der

Beh rde stehen.(2) Besteht auf die Leistung der Beh rde ein Anspruch, so kann nur eine solche Gegenleistung

vereinbart werden, die bei Erlass eines Verwaltungsaktes Inhalt einer Nebenbestimmung nach

36 sein k nnte.

57 Schriftform

Ein ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag ist schriftlich zu schlie en, soweit nicht durch Rechtsvorschrifteine andere Form vorgeschrieben ist.

58 Zustimmung von Dritten und Beh rden(1) Ein ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag, der in Rechte eines Dritten eingreift, wird erst wirksam, wenn

der Dritte schriftlich zustimmt.

(2) Wird anstatt eines Verwaltungsaktes, bei dessen Erlass nach einer Rechtsvorschrift die

Genehmigung, die Zustimmung oder das Einvernehmen einer anderen Beh rde erforderlich ist,ein Vertrag geschlossen, so wird dieser erst wirksam, nachdem die andere Beh rde in dervorgeschriebenen Form mitgewirkt hat.

159

.3)

59 Nichtigkeit des ffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrages(1) Ein ffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag ist nichtig, wenn sich die Nichtigkeit aus der entsprechenden

Anwendung von Vorschriften des B rgerlichen Gesetzbuches ergibt.(2) Ein Vertrag im Sinne des 54 Sat